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(-) Description

Title :  CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF ZN-BOUND HUMAN INSULIN-DEGRADING ENZYME IN COMPLEX WITH INSULIN B CHAIN
 
Authors :  Y. Shen, W. -J. Tang
Date :  22 Feb 06  (Deposition) - 24 Oct 06  (Release) - 24 Feb 09  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  2.25
Chains :  Asym. Unit :  A,B,C,D
Biol. Unit 1:  A,C  (1x)
Biol. Unit 2:  B,D  (1x)
Keywords :  Protein-Peptide Complex, Hydrolase (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  Y. Shen, A. Joachimiak, M. R. Rosner, W. J. Tang
Structures Of Human Insulin-Degrading Enzyme Reveal A New Substrate Recognition Mechanism.
Nature V. 443 870 2006
PubMed-ID: 17051221  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1038/NATURE05143
(for further references see the PDB file header)

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - INSULIN-DEGRADING ENZYME
    ChainsA, B
    EC Number3.4.24.56
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemESCHERICHIA COLI
    Expression System Taxid562
    GeneIDE
    MutationYES
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606
    SynonymINSULYSIN, INSULINASE, INSULIN PROTEASE
 
Molecule 2 - INSULIN
    ChainsC, D
    EngineeredYES
    FragmentINSULIN B CHAIN, RESIDUES 25-54
    Other DetailsTHIS SEQUENCE OCCURS NATURALLY IN HOMO SAPIENS (HUMANS)
    SyntheticYES

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  1234
Asymmetric Unit ABCD
Biological Unit 1 (1x)A C 
Biological Unit 2 (1x) B D

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (2, 4)

Asymmetric Unit (2, 4)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1DIO2Ligand/Ion1,4-DIETHYLENE DIOXIDE
2ZN2Ligand/IonZINC ION
Biological Unit 1 (1, 1)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1DIO1Ligand/Ion1,4-DIETHYLENE DIOXIDE
2ZN-1Ligand/IonZINC ION
Biological Unit 2 (1, 1)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1DIO1Ligand/Ion1,4-DIETHYLENE DIOXIDE
2ZN-1Ligand/IonZINC ION

(-) Sites  (4, 4)

Asymmetric Unit (4, 4)
No.NameEvidenceResiduesDescription
1AC1SOFTWAREHIS A:108 , HIS A:112 , GLU A:189 , TYR C:16BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN A 1100
2AC2SOFTWAREHIS B:108 , HIS B:112 , GLU B:189 , TYR D:16BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN B 1200
3AC3SOFTWARELEU A:204 , GLU A:205 , ARG A:477 , ALA A:479BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE DIO A 2000
4AC4SOFTWAREGLU B:205 , ARG B:477 , ALA B:479 , HOH B:2154BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE DIO B 2001

(-) SS Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "SS Bond" information available for 2G54)

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 2G54)

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (3, 6)

Asymmetric Unit (3, 6)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_063724H29DINS_HUMANDisease (PNDM)121908272C/DH5D
2UniProtVAR_063728C43GINS_HUMANDisease (PNDM)80356666C/DC19G
3UniProtVAR_051571E612KIDE_HUMANPolymorphism2229708A/BE612K

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Biological Unit 1 (3, 3)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_063724H29DINS_HUMANDisease (PNDM)121908272CH5D
2UniProtVAR_063728C43GINS_HUMANDisease (PNDM)80356666CC19G
3UniProtVAR_051571E612KIDE_HUMANPolymorphism2229708AE612K

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Biological Unit 2 (3, 3)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_063724H29DINS_HUMANDisease (PNDM)121908272DH5D
2UniProtVAR_063728C43GINS_HUMANDisease (PNDM)80356666DC19G
3UniProtVAR_051571E612KIDE_HUMANPolymorphism2229708BE612K

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (1, 2)

Asymmetric Unit (1, 2)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1INSULINASEPS00143 Insulinase family, zinc-binding region signature.IDE_HUMAN95-118
 
  2A:95-118
B:95-118
Biological Unit 1 (1, 1)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1INSULINASEPS00143 Insulinase family, zinc-binding region signature.IDE_HUMAN95-118
 
  1A:95-118
-
Biological Unit 2 (1, 1)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1INSULINASEPS00143 Insulinase family, zinc-binding region signature.IDE_HUMAN95-118
 
  1-
B:95-118

(-) Exons   (25, 50)

Asymmetric Unit (25, 50)
 ENSEMBLUniProtKBPDB
No.Transcript IDExonExon IDGenome LocationLengthIDLocationLengthCountLocationLength
1.1aENST000002659861aENSE00000810721chr10:94333833-94333679155IDE_HUMAN1-33330--
1.7ENST000002659867ENSE00001007241chr10:94297307-94297123185IDE_HUMAN33-95632A:43-95
B:44-95
53
52
1.8ENST000002659868ENSE00000810719chr10:94294542-94294335208IDE_HUMAN95-164702A:95-164
B:95-164
70
70
1.9ENST000002659869ENSE00000810718chr10:94291674-94291505170IDE_HUMAN164-221582A:164-221
B:164-221
58
58
1.10ENST0000026598610ENSE00000810717chr10:94274799-94274677123IDE_HUMAN221-262422A:221-262
B:221-262
42
42
1.11bENST0000026598611bENSE00002200011chr10:94269919-94269807113IDE_HUMAN262-299382A:262-299
B:262-299
38
38
1.12ENST0000026598612ENSE00001792299chr10:94268647-94268485163IDE_HUMAN300-354552A:300-354
B:300-354
55
55
1.13ENST0000026598613ENSE00001679493chr10:94267962-9426787093IDE_HUMAN354-385322A:354-385
B:354-385
32
32
1.14ENST0000026598614ENSE00001644321chr10:94267423-9426733292IDE_HUMAN385-415312A:385-415
B:385-415
31
31
1.15ENST0000026598615ENSE00001604816chr10:94266279-9426619981IDE_HUMAN416-442272A:416-442
B:416-442
27
27
1.16ENST0000026598616ENSE00001667495chr10:94264654-94264551104IDE_HUMAN443-477352A:443-477
B:443-477
35
35
1.18ENST0000026598618ENSE00001648528chr10:94250352-94250250103IDE_HUMAN477-511352A:477-511
B:477-511
35
35
1.19ENST0000026598619ENSE00001617455chr10:94247075-94246953123IDE_HUMAN512-552412A:512-552
B:512-552
41
41
1.20ENST0000026598620ENSE00001749482chr10:94243094-9424301283IDE_HUMAN553-580282A:553-580
B:553-580
28
28
1.22cENST0000026598622cENSE00001616294chr10:94239178-94239034145IDE_HUMAN580-628492A:580-628
B:580-628
49
49
1.24cENST0000026598624cENSE00001756569chr10:94235751-94235641111IDE_HUMAN629-665372A:629-665
B:629-665
37
37
1.25aENST0000026598625aENSE00001597974chr10:94234718-94234598121IDE_HUMAN666-706412A:666-706
B:666-706
41
41
1.26ENST0000026598626ENSE00001744468chr10:94230102-9423001192IDE_HUMAN706-736312A:706-736
B:706-736
31
31
1.27ENST0000026598627ENSE00001745441chr10:94228747-94228636112IDE_HUMAN737-774382A:737-774
B:737-774
38
38
1.28ENST0000026598628ENSE00001711231chr10:94225600-94225433168IDE_HUMAN774-830572A:774-830
B:774-830
57
57
1.29ENST0000026598629ENSE00001669881chr10:94223760-94223488273IDE_HUMAN830-921922A:830-921
B:830-921
92
92
1.30ENST0000026598630ENSE00001634298chr10:94221009-9422094862IDE_HUMAN921-941212A:921-941
B:921-941
21
21
1.31ENST0000026598631ENSE00001762309chr10:94216188-9421611673IDE_HUMAN942-966252A:942-966
B:942-966
25
25
1.32ENST0000026598632ENSE00001734076chr10:94215400-9421533368IDE_HUMAN966-988232A:966-988 (gaps)
B:966-988 (gaps)
23
23
1.33bENST0000026598633bENSE00001893153chr10:94214296-942114412856IDE_HUMAN989-1019312A:989-1016
B:989-1014
28
26

2.1dENST000003972621dENSE00001527959chr11:2182434-2182015420INS_HUMAN1-63632C:1-20 (gaps)
D:1-19 (gaps)
20
19
2.2aENST000003972622aENSE00001488230chr11:2181227-2181009219INS_HUMAN63-110480--

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:970
 aligned with IDE_HUMAN | P14735 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:1019

    Alignment length:974
                                    52        62        72        82        92       102       112       122       132       142       152       162       172       182       192       202       212       222       232       242       252       262       272       282       292       302       312       322       332       342       352       362       372       382       392       402       412       422       432       442       452       462       472       482       492       502       512       522       532       542       552       562       572       582       592       602       612       622       632       642       652       662       672       682       692       702       712       722       732       742       752       762       772       782       792       802       812       822       832       842       852       862       872       882       892       902       912       922       932       942       952       962       972       982       992      1002      1012    
           IDE_HUMAN     43 NNPAIKRIGNHITKSPEDKREYRGLELANGIKVLLISDPTTDKSSAALDVHIGSLSDPPNIAGLSHFCEHMLFLGTKKYPKENEYSQFLSEHAGSSNAFTSGEHTNYYFDVSHEHLEGALDRFAQFFLCPLFDESCKDREVNAVDSEHEKNVMNDAWRLFQLEKATGNPKHPFSKFGTGNKYTLETRPNQEGIDVRQELLKFHSAYYSSNLMAVCVLGRESLDDLTNLVVKLFSEVENKNVPLPEFPEHPFQEEHLKQLYKIVPIKDIRNLYVTFPIPDLQKYYKSNPGHYLGHLIGHEGPGSLLSELKSKGWVNTLVGGQKEGARGFMFFIINVDLTEEGLLHVEDIILHMFQYIQKLRAEGPQEWVFQECKDLNAVAFRFKDKERPRGYTSKIAGILHYYPLEEVLTAEYLLEEFRPDLIEMVLDKLRPENVRVAIVSKSFEGKTDRTEEWYGTQYKQEAIPDEVIKKWQNADLNGKFKLPTKNEFIPTNFEILPLEKEATPYPALIKDTAMSKLWFKQDDKFFLPKACLNFEFFSPFAYVDPLHCNMAYLYLELLKDSLNEYAYAAELAGLSYDLQNTIYGMYLSVKGYNDKQPILLKKIIEKMATFEIDEKRFEIIKEAYMRSLNNFRAEQPHQHAMYYLRLLMTEVAWTKDELKEALDDVTLPRLKAFIPQLLSRLHIEALLHGNITKQAALGIMQMVEDTLIEHAHTKPLLPSQLVRYREVQLPDRGWFVYQQRNEVHNNCGIEIYYQTDMQSTSENMFLELFCQIISEPCFNTLRTKEQLGYIVFSGPRRANGIQGLRFIIQSEKPPHYLESRVEAFLITMEKSIEDMTEEAFQKHIQALAIRRLDKPKKLSAECAKYWGEIISQQYNFDRDNTEVAYLKTLTKEDIIKFYKEMLAVDAPRRHKVSVHVLAREMDSCPVVGEFPCQNDINLSQAPALPQPEVIQNMTEFKRGLPLFPLVKPHINFMA 1016
               SCOP domains -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ....eeee............eeeeeee....eeeeee.....eeeeeeee..hhhhh.....hhhhhhhhhh..........hhhhhhhhh...eeeeee....eeeeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.eeeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhh.................hhhhh.eeeee.......eeeeeeee..hhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhh.....hhhhhhhhh.....eeeeeeeee..eeeeeeeee.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhhhh...hhhhh..........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.eeeee.hhhh....ee......eeeeee.hhhhhhhhhh.................................eeeee...eeeeeee.......eeeeeeeee.hhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.eeeeeeee..eeeeeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhhheeeeeeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.ee.hhhhh...........eeeeeeee......eeeeeeeeeee.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh........eeeeeeee..eeeeeeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.....hhhhhhhhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhh.......eeeeeeee............----..............ee..hhhhhhhh............... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------K-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ----------------------------------------------------INSULINASE  PDB: A:95-11---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
           Transcript 1 (1) Exon 1.7  PDB: A:43-95 UniProt: 33-95 [INCOMPLETE]   -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.10  PDB: A:221-262 UniProt: 221-262-------------------------------------Exon 1.12  PDB: A:300-354 UniProt: 300-354             ------------------------------Exon 1.14  PDB: A:385-415      Exon 1.15  PDB: A:416-442  Exon 1.16  PDB: A:443-477          ----------------------------------Exon 1.19  PDB: A:512-552                Exon 1.20  PDB: A:553-580   ------------------------------------------------Exon 1.24c  PDB: A:629-665           Exon 1.25a  PDB: A:666-706               ------------------------------Exon 1.27  PDB: A:737-774             -------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.29  PDB: A:830-921 UniProt: 830-921                                                  --------------------Exon 1.31  PDB: A:942-966----------------------Exon 1.33b  PDB: A:989-1016  Transcript 1 (1)
           Transcript 1 (2) ----------------------------------------------------Exon 1.8  PDB: A:95-164 UniProt: 95-164                               -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.11b  PDB: A:262-299            ------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.13  PDB: A:354-385       -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.18  PDB: A:477-511          --------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.22c  PDB: A:580-628 UniProt: 580-628      -----------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.26  PDB: A:706-736      -------------------------------------Exon 1.28  PDB: A:774-830 UniProt: 774-830               ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.30            ------------------------Exon 1.32              ---------------------------- Transcript 1 (2)
           Transcript 1 (3) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.9  PDB: A:164-221 UniProt: 164-221                 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript 1 (3)
                2g54 A   43 NNPAIKRIGNHITKSPEDKREYRGLELANGIKVLLISDPTTDKSSAALDVHIGSLSDPPNIAGLSHFCQHMLFLGTKKYPKENEYSQFLSEHAGSSNAFTSGEHTNYYFDVSHEHLEGALDRFAQFFLCPLFDESCKDREVNAVDSEHEKNVMNDAWRLFQLEKATGNPKHPFSKFGTGNKYTLETRPNQEGIDVRQELLKFHSAYYSSNLMAVCVLGRESLDDLTNLVVKLFSEVENKNVPLPEFPEHPFQEEHLKQLYKIVPIKDIRNLYVTFPIPDLQKYYKSNPGHYLGHLIGHEGPGSLLSELKSKGWVNTLVGGQKEGARGFMFFIINVDLTEEGLLHVEDIILHMFQYIQKLRAEGPQEWVFQECKDLNAVAFRFKDKERPRGYTSKIAGILHYYPLEEVLTAEYLLEEFRPDLIEMVLDKLRPENVRVAIVSKSFEGKTDRTEEWYGTQYKQEAIPDEVIKKWQNADLNGKFKLPTKNEFIPTNFEILPLEKEATPYPALIKDTAMSKLWFKQDDKFFLPKACLNFEFFSPFAYVDPLHCNMAYLYLELLKDSLNEYAYAAELAGLSYDLQNTIYGMYLSVKGYNDKQPILLKKIIEKMATFEIDEKRFEIIKEAYMRSLNNFRAEQPHQHAMYYLRLLMTEVAWTKDELKEALDDVTLPRLKAFIPQLLSRLHIEALLHGNITKQAALGIMQMVEDTLIEHAHTKPLLPSQLVRYREVQLPDRGWFVYQQRNEVHNNCGIEIYYQTDMQSTSENMFLELFCQIISEPCFNTLRTKEQLGYIVFSGPRRANGIQGLRFIIQSEKPPHYLESRVEAFLITMEKSIEDMTEEAFQKHIQALAIRRLDKPKKLSAECAKYWGEIISQQYNFDRDNTEVAYLKTLTKEDIIKFYKEMLAVDAPRRHKVSVHVLAREMDSCPVVGE----NDINLSQAPALPQPEVIQNMTEFKRGLPLFPLVKPHINFMA 1016
                                    52        62        72        82        92       102       112       122       132       142       152       162       172       182       192       202       212       222       232       242       252       262       272       282       292       302       312       322       332       342       352       362       372       382       392       402       412       422       432       442       452       462       472       482       492       502       512       522       532       542       552       562       572       582       592       602       612       622       632       642       652       662       672       682       692       702       712       722       732       742       752       762       772       782       792       802       812       822       832       842       852       862       872       882       892       902       912       922       932       942       952       962        |-   |   982       992      1002      1012    
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          971  976                                        

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:966
 aligned with IDE_HUMAN | P14735 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:1019

    Alignment length:971
                                    53        63        73        83        93       103       113       123       133       143       153       163       173       183       193       203       213       223       233       243       253       263       273       283       293       303       313       323       333       343       353       363       373       383       393       403       413       423       433       443       453       463       473       483       493       503       513       523       533       543       553       563       573       583       593       603       613       623       633       643       653       663       673       683       693       703       713       723       733       743       753       763       773       783       793       803       813       823       833       843       853       863       873       883       893       903       913       923       933       943       953       963       973       983       993      1003      1013 
           IDE_HUMAN     44 NPAIKRIGNHITKSPEDKREYRGLELANGIKVLLISDPTTDKSSAALDVHIGSLSDPPNIAGLSHFCEHMLFLGTKKYPKENEYSQFLSEHAGSSNAFTSGEHTNYYFDVSHEHLEGALDRFAQFFLCPLFDESCKDREVNAVDSEHEKNVMNDAWRLFQLEKATGNPKHPFSKFGTGNKYTLETRPNQEGIDVRQELLKFHSAYYSSNLMAVCVLGRESLDDLTNLVVKLFSEVENKNVPLPEFPEHPFQEEHLKQLYKIVPIKDIRNLYVTFPIPDLQKYYKSNPGHYLGHLIGHEGPGSLLSELKSKGWVNTLVGGQKEGARGFMFFIINVDLTEEGLLHVEDIILHMFQYIQKLRAEGPQEWVFQECKDLNAVAFRFKDKERPRGYTSKIAGILHYYPLEEVLTAEYLLEEFRPDLIEMVLDKLRPENVRVAIVSKSFEGKTDRTEEWYGTQYKQEAIPDEVIKKWQNADLNGKFKLPTKNEFIPTNFEILPLEKEATPYPALIKDTAMSKLWFKQDDKFFLPKACLNFEFFSPFAYVDPLHCNMAYLYLELLKDSLNEYAYAAELAGLSYDLQNTIYGMYLSVKGYNDKQPILLKKIIEKMATFEIDEKRFEIIKEAYMRSLNNFRAEQPHQHAMYYLRLLMTEVAWTKDELKEALDDVTLPRLKAFIPQLLSRLHIEALLHGNITKQAALGIMQMVEDTLIEHAHTKPLLPSQLVRYREVQLPDRGWFVYQQRNEVHNNCGIEIYYQTDMQSTSENMFLELFCQIISEPCFNTLRTKEQLGYIVFSGPRRANGIQGLRFIIQSEKPPHYLESRVEAFLITMEKSIEDMTEEAFQKHIQALAIRRLDKPKKLSAECAKYWGEIISQQYNFDRDNTEVAYLKTLTKEDIIKFYKEMLAVDAPRRHKVSVHVLAREMDSCPVVGEFPCQNDINLSQAPALPQPEVIQNMTEFKRGLPLFPLVKPHINF 1014
               SCOP domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ...eeeee...........eeeeeee....eeeeee.....eeeeeeee..hhhhh.....hhhhhhhhhh..........hhhhhhhhh...eeeeee....eeeeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.eeeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhh.................hhhhh.eeeee.......eeeeeeeee.hhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhh.....hhhhhhhhh.....eeeeeeeee..eeeeeeeee...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhhhh...hhhhh..........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.eeeee.hhhh....ee......eeeeee.hhhhhhhhhh.................................eeeee...eeeeeee.......eeeeeeeee.hhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.eeeeeee...eeeeeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhhheeeeeeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.ee.hhhhh...........eeeeeeee......eeeeeeeeeee.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.......eeeeeeeee..eeeeeeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.....hhhhhhhhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhh.......eeeeeeee.............-----............ee..hhhhhhhh............. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------K------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ---------------------------------------------------INSULINASE  PDB: B:95-11-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
           Transcript 1 (1) Exon 1.7  PDB: B:44-95 UniProt: 33-95 [INCOMPLETE]  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.10  PDB: B:221-262 UniProt: 221-262-------------------------------------Exon 1.12  PDB: B:300-354 UniProt: 300-354             ------------------------------Exon 1.14  PDB: B:385-415      Exon 1.15  PDB: B:416-442  Exon 1.16  PDB: B:443-477          ----------------------------------Exon 1.19  PDB: B:512-552                Exon 1.20  PDB: B:553-580   ------------------------------------------------Exon 1.24c  PDB: B:629-665           Exon 1.25a  PDB: B:666-706               ------------------------------Exon 1.27  PDB: B:737-774             -------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.29  PDB: B:830-921 UniProt: 830-921                                                  --------------------Exon 1.31  PDB: B:942-966----------------------Exon 1.33b  PDB: B:989-101 Transcript 1 (1)
           Transcript 1 (2) ---------------------------------------------------Exon 1.8  PDB: B:95-164 UniProt: 95-164                               -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.11b  PDB: B:262-299            ------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.13  PDB: B:354-385       -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.18  PDB: B:477-511          --------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.22c  PDB: B:580-628 UniProt: 580-628      -----------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.26  PDB: B:706-736      -------------------------------------Exon 1.28  PDB: B:774-830 UniProt: 774-830               ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.30            ------------------------Exon 1.32              -------------------------- Transcript 1 (2)
           Transcript 1 (3) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.9  PDB: B:164-221 UniProt: 164-221                 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript 1 (3)
                2g54 B   44 NPAIKRIGNHITKSPEDKREYRGLELANGIKVLLISDPTTDKSSAALDVHIGSLSDPPNIAGLSHFCQHMLFLGTKKYPKENEYSQFLSEHAGSSNAFTSGEHTNYYFDVSHEHLEGALDRFAQFFLCPLFDESCKDREVNAVDSEHEKNVMNDAWRLFQLEKATGNPKHPFSKFGTGNKYTLETRPNQEGIDVRQELLKFHSAYYSSNLMAVCVLGRESLDDLTNLVVKLFSEVENKNVPLPEFPEHPFQEEHLKQLYKIVPIKDIRNLYVTFPIPDLQKYYKSNPGHYLGHLIGHEGPGSLLSELKSKGWVNTLVGGQKEGARGFMFFIINVDLTEEGLLHVEDIILHMFQYIQKLRAEGPQEWVFQECKDLNAVAFRFKDKERPRGYTSKIAGILHYYPLEEVLTAEYLLEEFRPDLIEMVLDKLRPENVRVAIVSKSFEGKTDRTEEWYGTQYKQEAIPDEVIKKWQNADLNGKFKLPTKNEFIPTNFEILPLEKEATPYPALIKDTAMSKLWFKQDDKFFLPKACLNFEFFSPFAYVDPLHCNMAYLYLELLKDSLNEYAYAAELAGLSYDLQNTIYGMYLSVKGYNDKQPILLKKIIEKMATFEIDEKRFEIIKEAYMRSLNNFRAEQPHQHAMYYLRLLMTEVAWTKDELKEALDDVTLPRLKAFIPQLLSRLHIEALLHGNITKQAALGIMQMVEDTLIEHAHTKPLLPSQLVRYREVQLPDRGWFVYQQRNEVHNNCGIEIYYQTDMQSTSENMFLELFCQIISEPCFNTLRTKEQLGYIVFSGPRRANGIQGLRFIIQSEKPPHYLESRVEAFLITMEKSIEDMTEEAFQKHIQALAIRRLDKPKKLSAECAKYWGEIISQQYNFDRDNTEVAYLKTLTKEDIIKFYKEMLAVDAPRRHKVSVHVLAREMDSCPVVGEF-----INLSQAPALPQPEVIQNMTEFKRGLPLFPLVKPHINF 1014
                                    53        63        73        83        93       103       113       123       133       143       153       163       173       183       193       203       213       223       233       243       253       263       273       283       293       303       313       323       333       343       353       363       373       383       393       403       413       423       433       443       453       463       473       483       493       503       513       523       533       543       553       563       573       583       593       603       613       623       633       643       653       663       673       683       693       703       713       723       733       743       753       763       773       783       793       803       813       823       833       843       853       863       873       883       893       903       913       923       933       943       953       963        |-    |  983       993      1003      1013 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          972   978                                    

Chain C from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:13
 aligned with INS_HUMAN | P01308 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:110

    Alignment length:20
                                    34        44
           INS_HUMAN     25 FVNQHLCGSHLVEALYLVCG   44
               SCOP domains -------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains -------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains -------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .....-------..ee.... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ----D-------------G- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE -------------------- PROSITE
               Transcript 2 Exon 2.1d            Transcript 2
                2g54 C    1 FVNQH-------EALYLVCG   20
                                |    -  |     20
                                5      13       

Chain D from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:12
 aligned with INS_HUMAN | P01308 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:110

    Alignment length:19
                                    34         
           INS_HUMAN     25 FVNQHLCGSHLVEALYLVC   43
               SCOP domains ------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .....-------..ee... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ----D-------------G SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ------------------- PROSITE
               Transcript 2 Exon 2.1d           Transcript 2
                2g54 D    1 FVNQH-------EALYLVC   19
                                |    -  |      
                                5      13      

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (0, 0)

(no "SCOP Domain" information available for 2G54)

(-) CATH Domains  (0, 0)

(no "CATH Domain" information available for 2G54)

(-) Pfam Domains  (0, 0)

(no "Pfam Domain" information available for 2G54)

(-) Gene Ontology  (122, 127)

Asymmetric Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A,B   (IDE_HUMAN | P14735)
molecular function
    GO:0005524    ATP binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.
    GO:0016887    ATPase activity    Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction.
    GO:0001540    amyloid-beta binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with amyloid-beta peptide/protein and/or its precursor.
    GO:0031626    beta-endorphin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with beta-endorphin, a peptide generated by the cleavage of pro-opiomelanocortin.
    GO:0003824    catalytic activity    Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic.
    GO:0016787    hydrolase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.
    GO:0043559    insulin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with insulin, a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms.
    GO:0046872    metal ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
    GO:0004222    metalloendopeptidase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions.
    GO:0008237    metallopeptidase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions.
    GO:0000166    nucleotide binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose.
    GO:0008233    peptidase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid.
    GO:0042277    peptide binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with peptides, any of a group of organic compounds comprising two or more amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
    GO:0017046    peptide hormone binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any peptide with hormonal activity in animals.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0042803    protein homodimerization activity    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer.
    GO:0005102    receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.
    GO:0043130    ubiquitin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ubiquitin, a protein that when covalently bound to other cellular proteins marks them for proteolytic degradation.
    GO:0001618    virus receptor activity    Combining with a virus component and mediating entry of the virus into the cell.
    GO:0008270    zinc ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions.
biological process
    GO:0050435    amyloid-beta metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving amyloid-beta, a glycoprotein associated with Alzheimer's disease, and its precursor, amyloid precursor protein (APP).
    GO:0010815    bradykinin catabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the peptide bradykinin.
    GO:0044257    cellular protein catabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells.
    GO:0008340    determination of adult lifespan    The control of viability and duration in the adult phase of the life-cycle.
    GO:0042447    hormone catabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone.
    GO:1901143    insulin catabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of insulin.
    GO:1901142    insulin metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving insulin.
    GO:0008286    insulin receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the insulin receptor binding to insulin.
    GO:0008152    metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation.
    GO:0045861    negative regulation of proteolysis    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein.
    GO:0032461    positive regulation of protein oligomerization    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein oligomerization.
    GO:0051291    protein heterooligomerization    The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of component monomers that are not all identical. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer.
    GO:0051260    protein homooligomerization    The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of identical component monomers. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer.
    GO:0051289    protein homotetramerization    The formation of a protein homotetramer, a macromolecular structure consisting of four noncovalently associated identical subunits.
    GO:0016485    protein processing    Any protein maturation process achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein. Protein maturation is the process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein.
    GO:0006508    proteolysis    The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds.
    GO:0051603    proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process    The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein as part of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells.
    GO:0010992    ubiquitin recycling    Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of ubiquitin monomers and free ubiquitin chains at the level of the cell by recycling ubiquitin from proteasome-bound ubiquitinated intermediates.
    GO:0046718    viral entry into host cell    The process that occurs after viral attachment by which a virus, or viral nucleic acid, breaches the plasma membrane or cell envelope and enters the host cell. The process ends when the viral nucleic acid is released into the host cell cytoplasm.
    GO:0016032    viral process    A multi-organism process in which a virus is a participant. The other participant is the host. Includes infection of a host cell, replication of the viral genome, and assembly of progeny virus particles. In some cases the viral genetic material may integrate into the host genome and only subsequently, under particular circumstances, 'complete' its life cycle.
cellular component
    GO:0009986    cell surface    The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0005829    cytosol    The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
    GO:0031597    cytosolic proteasome complex    A proteasome complex found in the cytosol of a cell.
    GO:0005576    extracellular region    The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
    GO:0005615    extracellular space    That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0005739    mitochondrion    A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.
    GO:0005654    nucleoplasm    That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.
    GO:0005634    nucleus    A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
    GO:0005782    peroxisomal matrix    The volume contained within the membranes of a peroxisome; in many cells the matrix contains a crystalloid core largely composed of urate oxidase.
    GO:0005777    peroxisome    A small organelle enclosed by a single membrane, and found in most eukaryotic cells. Contains peroxidases and other enzymes involved in a variety of metabolic processes including free radical detoxification, lipid catabolism and biosynthesis, and hydrogen peroxide metabolism.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

Chain C,D   (INS_HUMAN | P01308)
molecular function
    GO:0005179    hormone activity    The action characteristic of a hormone, any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action. The term was originally applied to agents with a stimulatory physiological action in vertebrate animals (as opposed to a chalone, which has a depressant action). Usage is now extended to regulatory compounds in lower animals and plants, and to synthetic substances having comparable effects; all bind receptors and trigger some biological process.
    GO:0042802    identical protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein or proteins.
    GO:0005158    insulin receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the insulin receptor.
    GO:0005159    insulin-like growth factor receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the insulin-like growth factor receptor.
    GO:0002020    protease binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protease or peptidase.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
biological process
    GO:0006888    ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport    The directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi.
    GO:0007186    G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The pathway can start from the plasma membrane, Golgi or nuclear membrane (PMID:24568158 and PMID:16902576).
    GO:0000165    MAPK cascade    An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a MAPK, a MAPKK and a MAP3K. The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell.
    GO:0032148    activation of protein kinase B activity    Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme protein kinase B.
    GO:0006953    acute-phase response    An acute inflammatory response that involves non-antibody proteins whose concentrations in the plasma increase in response to infection or injury of homeothermic animals.
    GO:0046631    alpha-beta T cell activation    The change in morphology and behavior of an alpha-beta T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific.
    GO:0005975    carbohydrate metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule.
    GO:0007267    cell-cell signaling    Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another. This process includes signal transduction in the receiving cell and, where applicable, release of a ligand and any processes that actively facilitate its transport and presentation to the receiving cell. Examples include signaling via soluble ligands, via cell adhesion molecules and via gap junctions.
    GO:0044267    cellular protein metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification.
    GO:0055089    fatty acid homeostasis    Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of fatty acid within an organism or cell.
    GO:0042593    glucose homeostasis    Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of glucose within an organism or cell.
    GO:0006006    glucose metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose. D-glucose is dextrorotatory and is sometimes known as dextrose; it is an important source of energy for living organisms and is found free as well as combined in homo- and hetero-oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.
    GO:0015758    glucose transport    The directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
    GO:0008286    insulin receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the insulin receptor binding to insulin.
    GO:0033861    negative regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity    Any process that stops or reduces the activity of the enzyme NAD(P)H oxidase.
    GO:0002674    negative regulation of acute inflammatory response    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response.
    GO:0045922    negative regulation of fatty acid metabolic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids.
    GO:2000252    negative regulation of feeding behavior    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of feeding behavior.
    GO:0045721    negative regulation of gluconeogenesis    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gluconeogenesis.
    GO:0045818    negative regulation of glycogen catabolic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycogen.
    GO:0050995    negative regulation of lipid catabolic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids.
    GO:1902176    negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of an oxidative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.
    GO:0042177    negative regulation of protein catabolic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds.
    GO:0032460    negative regulation of protein oligomerization    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein oligomerization.
    GO:0050709    negative regulation of protein secretion    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a protein from a cell.
    GO:0045861    negative regulation of proteolysis    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein.
    GO:0060266    negative regulation of respiratory burst involved in inflammatory response    Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of a phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases made as a defense response ; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals.
    GO:0045740    positive regulation of DNA replication    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication.
    GO:0043410    positive regulation of MAPK cascade    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the MAPK cascade.
    GO:0051092    positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB.
    GO:0090336    positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation    Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of brown fat cell differentiation. Brown fat cell differentiation is the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a brown adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell involved in adaptive thermogenesis. Brown adipocytes contain multiple small droplets of triglycerides and a high number of mitochondria.
    GO:0045597    positive regulation of cell differentiation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation.
    GO:0030307    positive regulation of cell growth    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth.
    GO:0030335    positive regulation of cell migration    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.
    GO:0008284    positive regulation of cell proliferation    Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
    GO:0032270    positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein, occurring at the level of an individual cell.
    GO:0050715    positive regulation of cytokine secretion    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cytokines from a cell.
    GO:0010628    positive regulation of gene expression    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
    GO:0046326    positive regulation of glucose import    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle.
    GO:0045725    positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen.
    GO:0045821    positive regulation of glycolytic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glycolysis.
    GO:0046628    positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of insulin receptor signaling.
    GO:0046889    positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids.
    GO:0045840    positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitosis.
    GO:0045429    positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide.
    GO:0051000    positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity    Any process that activates or increases the activity of the enzyme nitric-oxide synthase.
    GO:0090277    positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion    Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the regulated release of a peptide hormone from secretory granules.
    GO:0050731    positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine.
    GO:0014068    positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase cascade.
    GO:0031954    positive regulation of protein autophosphorylation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own residues.
    GO:0051897    positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase B signaling, a series of reactions mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B.
    GO:1900182    positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to nucleus.
    GO:0060267    positive regulation of respiratory burst    Any process that increases the rate frequency or extent of a phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals.
    GO:0006521    regulation of cellular amino acid metabolic process    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids.
    GO:0032880    regulation of protein localization    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.
    GO:0050708    regulation of protein secretion    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a protein from a cell.
    GO:0006355    regulation of transcription, DNA-templated    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
    GO:0022898    regulation of transmembrane transporter activity    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transmembrane transporter activity.
    GO:0042060    wound healing    The series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury.
cellular component
    GO:0005796    Golgi lumen    The volume enclosed by the membranes of any cisterna or subcompartment of the Golgi apparatus, including the cis- and trans-Golgi networks.
    GO:0000139    Golgi membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus.
    GO:0005788    endoplasmic reticulum lumen    The volume enclosed by the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum.
    GO:0033116    endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi intermediate compartment system.
    GO:0031904    endosome lumen    The volume enclosed by the membrane of an endosome.
    GO:0005576    extracellular region    The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
    GO:0005615    extracellular space    That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
    GO:0034774    secretory granule lumen    The volume enclosed by the membrane of a secretory granule.
    GO:0030133    transport vesicle    Any of the vesicles of the constitutive secretory pathway, which carry cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi, between Golgi cisternae, from the Golgi to the ER (retrograde transport) or to destinations within or outside the cell.

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 Related Entries

(-) Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
        IDE_HUMAN | P147352g47 2g48 2g49 2g56 2jbu 2jg4 2wby 2wc0 2wk3 2ypu 3cww 3e4a 3e4z 3e50 3h44 3hgz 3n56 3n57 3ofi 3qz2 4dtt 4dwk 4gs8 4gsc 4gsf 4ifh 4iof 4lte 4m1c 4nxo 4pes 4pf7 4pf9 4pfc 4q5z 4qia 4ral 4re9 5cjo
        INS_HUMAN | P013081a7f 1ai0 1aiy 1b9e 1ben 1efe 1ev3 1ev6 1evr 1fu2 1fub 1g7a 1g7b 1guj 1hiq 1his 1hit 1hls 1htv 1hui 1iog 1ioh 1j73 1jca 1jco 1jk8 1k3m 1kmf 1lkq 1lph 1mhi 1mhj 1mso 1os3 1os4 1q4v 1qiy 1qiz 1qj0 1rwe 1sf1 1sjt 1sju 1t0c 1t1k 1t1p 1t1q 1trz 1tyl 1tym 1uz9 1vkt 1w8p 1xda 1xgl 1xw7 1zeg 1zeh 1znj 2aiy 2c8q 2c8r 2ceu 2g56 2h67 2hh4 2hho 2hiu 2jmn 2jum 2juu 2juv 2jv1 2jzq 2k91 2k9r 2kjj 2kju 2kqp 2kqq 2kxk 2l1y 2l1z 2lgb 2lwz 2m1d 2m1e 2m2m 2m2n 2m2o 2m2p 2mli 2mpg 2mpi 2mvc 2mvd 2n2v 2n2w 2n2x 2oly 2olz 2om0 2om1 2omg 2omh 2omi 2omq 2qiu 2r34 2r35 2r36 2rn5 2vjz 2vk0 2w44 2wby 2wc0 2wru 2wrv 2wrw 2wrx 2ws0 2ws1 2ws4 2ws6 2ws7 3aiy 3bxq 3e7y 3e7z 3exx 3fq9 3hyd 3i3z 3i40 3ilg 3inc 3ir0 3jsd 3kq6 3p2x 3p33 3q6e 3rov 3tt8 3u4n 3utq 3uts 3utt 3v19 3v1g 3w11 3w12 3w13 3w7y 3w7z 3w80 3zi3 3zqr 3zs2 3zu1 4aiy 4ajx 4ajz 4ak0 4akj 4cxl 4cxn 4cy7 4efx 4eww 4ewx 4ewz 4ex0 4ex1 4exx 4ey1 4ey9 4eyd 4eyn 4eyp 4f0n 4f0o 4f1a 4f1b 4f1c 4f1d 4f1f 4f1g 4f4t 4f4v 4f51 4f8f 4fg3 4fka 4gbc 4gbi 4gbk 4gbl 4gbn 4iuz 4iyd 4iyf 4nib 4oga 4p65 4q5z 4rxw 4une 4ung 4unh 4wdi 4xc4 4y19 4y1a 4z76 4z77 4z78 5aiy 5boq 5bpo 5bqq 5bts 5c0d 5cjo 5cny 5co2 5co6 5co9 5e7w 5ems 5en9 5ena 5hpr 5hpu 5hqi 5hrq 5hyj 5mam 5mt3 5mt9 5udp

(-) Related Entries Specified in the PDB File

2g47 CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN INSULIN-DEGRADING ENZYME IN COMPLEX WITH AMYLOID-BETA (1-40)
2g48 CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE SAME ENZYME IN COMPLEX WITH AMYLIN
2g49 CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE SAME ENZYME IN COMPLEX WITH GLUCAGON
2g56 CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE SAME ENZYME IN COMPLEX WITH INSULIN B CHAIN