1S1C - JenaLib

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

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	UniProt sequence: complete aligned part

Show mapping:	SCOP domains	CATH domains	Pfam domains	Secondary structure (by author)
	SAPs(SNPs)	PROSITE motifs	Exons
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Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:179
 aligned with RHOA_HUMAN | P61586 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:193

    Alignment length:179
                                    12        22        32        42        52        62        72        82        92       102       112       122       132       142       152       162       172         
          RHOA_HUMAN      3 AIRKKLVIVGDGACGKTCLLIVFSKDQFPEVYVPTVFENYVADIEVDGKQVELALWDTAGQEDYDRLRPLSYPDTDVILMCFSIDSPDSLENIPEKWTPEVKHFCPNVPIILVGNKKDLRNDEHTRRELAKMKQEPVKPEEGRDMANRIGAFGYMECSAKTKDGVREVFEMATRAALQA  181
               SCOP domains d1s1ca_ A: RhoA                                                                                                                                                                     SCOP domains
               CATH domains 1s1cA00 A:3-181 P-loop containing nucleotide triphosphate hydrolases                                                                                                                CATH domains
               Pfam domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .eeeeeeeee....hhhhhhhhhhhh..........eeeeeeeeee..eeeeeeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhh.....eeeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....eeeeeehhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhh.....hhhhhhhhhhhh...eeee.......hhhhhhhhhhhhhh.. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                1s1c A    3 AIRKKLVIVGDGACGKTCLLIVFSKDQFPEVYVPTVFENYVADIEVDGKQVELALWDTAGQEDYDRLRPLSYPDTDVILMCFSIDSPDSLENIPEKWTPEVKHFCPNVPIILVGNKKDLRNDEHTRRELAKMKQEPVKPEEGRDMANRIGAFGYMECSAKTKDGVREVFEMATRAALQA  181
                                    12        22        32        42        52        62        72        82        92       102       112       122       132       142       152       162       172

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:179
 aligned with RHOA_HUMAN | P61586 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:193

    Alignment length:179
                                    12        22        32        42        52        62        72        82        92       102       112       122       132       142       152       162       172         
          RHOA_HUMAN      3 AIRKKLVIVGDGACGKTCLLIVFSKDQFPEVYVPTVFENYVADIEVDGKQVELALWDTAGQEDYDRLRPLSYPDTDVILMCFSIDSPDSLENIPEKWTPEVKHFCPNVPIILVGNKKDLRNDEHTRRELAKMKQEPVKPEEGRDMANRIGAFGYMECSAKTKDGVREVFEMATRAALQA  181
               SCOP domains d1s1cb_ B: RhoA                                                                                                                                                                     SCOP domains
               CATH domains 1s1cB00 B:3-181 P-loop containing nucleotide triphosphate hydrolases                                                                                                                CATH domains
           Pfam domains (1) ----Ras-1s1cB01 B:7-180                                                                                                                                                           - Pfam domains (1)
           Pfam domains (2) ----Ras-1s1cB02 B:7-180                                                                                                                                                           - Pfam domains (2)
         Sec.struct. author .eeeeeeeee....hhhhhhhhhhhh..........eeeeeeeeee..eeeeeeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhh.....eeeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....eeeeeehhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhh.....hhhhhhhhhhhh...eeee.......hhhhhhhhhhhhhh.. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                1s1c B    3 AIRKKLVIVGDGACGKTCLLIVFSKDQFPEVYVPTVFENYVADIEVDGKQVELALWDTAGQEDYDRLRPLSYPDTDVILMCFSIDSPDSLENIPEKWTPEVKHFCPNVPIILVGNKKDLRNDEHTRRELAKMKQEPVKPEEGRDMANRIGAFGYMECSAKTKDGVREVFEMATRAALQA  181
                                    12        22        32        42        52        62        72        82        92       102       112       122       132       142       152       162       172

Chain X from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:69
 aligned with ROCK1_HUMAN | Q13464 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:1354

    Alignment length:69
                                   954       964       974       984       994      1004         
         ROCK1_HUMAN    945 NSMLTKDIEILRRENEELTEKMKKAEEEYKLEKEEEISNLKAAFEKNINTERTLKTQAVNKLAEIMNRK 1013
               SCOP domains d1s1cx_ X: Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase      SCOP domains
               CATH domains --------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains --------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) --------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE --------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
           Transcript 1 (1) Exon 1.24  PDB: X:945-972   -----------------------------Exon 1.26    Transcript 1 (1)
           Transcript 1 (2) ---------------------------Exon 1.25  PDB: X:972-1001    ------------ Transcript 1 (2)
                1s1c X  945 GSMLTKDIEILRRENEELTEKMKKAEEEYKLEKEEEISNLKAAFEKNINTERTLKTQAVNKLAEIMNRK 1013
                                   954       964       974       984       994      1004

Chain Y from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:70
 aligned with ROCK1_HUMAN | Q13464 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:1354

    Alignment length:70
                                   954       964       974       984       994      1004      1014
         ROCK1_HUMAN    945 NSMLTKDIEILRRENEELTEKMKKAEEEYKLEKEEEISNLKAAFEKNINTERTLKTQAVNKLAEIMNRKD 1014
               SCOP domains d1s1cy_ Y: Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase       SCOP domains
               CATH domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
           Pfam domains (1) ---Rho_Binding-1s1cY01 Y:948-1014                                      Pfam domains (1)
           Pfam domains (2) ---Rho_Binding-1s1cY02 Y:948-1014                                      Pfam domains (2)
         Sec.struct. author ....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ---------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
           Transcript 1 (1) Exon 1.24  PDB: Y:945-972   -----------------------------Exon 1.26     Transcript 1 (1)
           Transcript 1 (2) ---------------------------Exon 1.25  PDB: Y:972-1001    ------------- Transcript 1 (2)
                1s1c Y  945 GSMLTKDIEILRRENEELTEKMKKAEEEYKLEKEEEISNLKAAFEKNINTERTLKTQAVNKLAEIMNRKD 1014
                                   954       964       974       984       994      1004      1014

Legend:		→ Mismatch	(orange background)
	-	→ Gap	(green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
		→ Modified Residue	(blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
	x	→ Chemical Group	(purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
	extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '\|'

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)

Chain A,B (RHOA_HUMAN | P61586)

molecular function
	GO:0005525	GTP binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate.
	GO:0003924	GTPase activity	Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate.
	GO:0017022	myosin binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any part of a myosin complex; myosins are any of a superfamily of molecular motor proteins that bind to actin and use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to generate force and movement along actin filaments.
	GO:0000166	nucleotide binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose.
	GO:0005515	protein binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
biological process
	GO:0007266	Rho protein signal transduction	A series of molecular signals within the cell that are mediated by a member of the Rho family of proteins switching to a GTP-bound active state.
	GO:0035385	Roundabout signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a SLIT protein to a Roundabout (ROBO) family receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0060071	Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway	The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors signal via downstream effectors including C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) to modulate cytoskeletal elements and control cell polarity.
	GO:0030036	actin cytoskeleton organization	A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins.
	GO:0031532	actin cytoskeleton reorganization	A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in dynamic structural changes to the arrangement of constituent parts of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins.
	GO:0043297	apical junction assembly	The formation of an apical junction, a functional unit located near the cell apex at the points of contact between epithelial cells composed of the tight junction, the zonula adherens junction and the desmosomes, by the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of its constituents.
	GO:0038027	apolipoprotein A-I-mediated signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of apolipoprotein A-I to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0007049	cell cycle	The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division.
	GO:0051301	cell division	The process resulting in division and partitioning of components of a cell to form more cells; may or may not be accompanied by the physical separation of a cell into distinct, individually membrane-bounded daughter cells.
	GO:0016477	cell migration	The controlled self-propelled movement of a cell from one site to a destination guided by molecular cues. Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms.
	GO:0036089	cleavage furrow formation	Generation of the cleavage furrow, a shallow groove in the cell surface near the old metaphase plate that marks the site of cytokinesis. This process includes the recruitment and localized activation of signals such as RhoA at the site of the future furrow to ensure that furrowing initiates at the correct site in the cell.
	GO:0043542	endothelial cell migration	The orderly movement of an endothelial cell into the extracellular matrix to form an endothelium.
	GO:0097498	endothelial tube lumen extension	Any endothelial tube morphogenesis process by which the tube is increased in length.
	GO:0048013	ephrin receptor signaling pathway	The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an ephrin receptor binding to an ephrin.
	GO:1903673	mitotic cleavage furrow formation	Any cleavage furrow formation that is involved in mitotic cell cycle.
	GO:0090307	mitotic spindle assembly	The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the spindle that contributes to the process of mitosis.
	GO:0050919	negative chemotaxis	The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration of a chemical.
	GO:0050771	negative regulation of axonogenesis	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of axonogenesis.
	GO:0090051	negative regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis	Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis. Cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis is the orderly movement of endothelial cells into the extracellular matrix in order to form new blood vessels contributing to the process of sprouting angiogenesis.
	GO:0043931	ossification involved in bone maturation	The formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone, involved in the progression of the skeleton from its formation to its mature state.
	GO:0048015	phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling	A series of molecular signals in which a cell uses a phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling to convert a signal into a response. Phosphatidylinositols include phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives.
	GO:0030168	platelet activation	A series of progressive, overlapping events triggered by exposure of the platelets to subendothelial tissue. These events include shape change, adhesiveness, aggregation, and release reactions. When carried through to completion, these events lead to the formation of a stable hemostatic plug.
	GO:0043123	positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling.
	GO:0042346	positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transfer of NF-kappaB, a transcription factor for eukaryotic RNA polymerase II promoters, from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, across the nuclear membrane.
	GO:0050772	positive regulation of axonogenesis	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of axonogenesis.
	GO:0032467	positive regulation of cytokinesis	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the division of the cytoplasm of a cell, and its separation into two daughter cells.
	GO:0060193	positive regulation of lipase activity	Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of lipase activity, the hydrolysis of a lipid or phospholipid.
	GO:0045666	positive regulation of neuron differentiation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation.
	GO:0071902	positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity	Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein serine/threonine kinase activity.
	GO:0051496	positive regulation of stress fiber assembly	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of a stress fiber, a bundle of microfilaments and other proteins found in fibroblasts.
	GO:0032956	regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins.
	GO:0030334	regulation of cell migration	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.
	GO:2000145	regulation of cell motility	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell motility.
	GO:0033688	regulation of osteoblast proliferation	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of osteoblast proliferation.
	GO:0051056	regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction.
	GO:1902766	skeletal muscle satellite cell migration	The orderly movement of a skeletal muscle satellite cell from one site to another. Migration of these cells is a key step in the process of growth and repair of skeletal muscle cells.
	GO:0007264	small GTPase mediated signal transduction	Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals.
	GO:0043149	stress fiber assembly	The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a stress fiber. A stress fiber is a contractile actin filament bundle that consists of short actin filaments with alternating polarity.
	GO:0021762	substantia nigra development	The progression of the substantia nigra over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The substantia nigra is the layer of gray substance that separates the posterior parts of the cerebral peduncles (tegmentum mesencephali) from the anterior parts; it normally includes a posterior compact part with many pigmented cells (pars compacta) and an anterior reticular part whose cells contain little pigment (pars reticularis).
	GO:0061383	trabecula morphogenesis	The process of shaping a trabecula in an organ. A trabecula is a small, often microscopic, tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod, which generally has a mechanical function. Trabecula are usually but not necessarily, composed of dense collagenous tissue.
	GO:0007179	transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0048010	vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) located on the surface of the receiving cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0016032	viral process	A multi-organism process in which a virus is a participant. The other participant is the host. Includes infection of a host cell, replication of the viral genome, and assembly of progeny virus particles. In some cases the viral genetic material may integrate into the host genome and only subsequently, under particular circumstances, 'complete' its life cycle.
	GO:0044319	wound healing, spreading of cells	The migration of a cell along or through a wound gap that contributes to the reestablishment of a continuous surface.
cellular component
	GO:0043296	apical junction complex	A functional unit located near the cell apex at the points of contact between epithelial cells, which in vertebrates is composed of the tight junction, the zonula adherens, and desmosomes and in some invertebrates, such as Drosophila, is composed of the subapical complex (SAC), the zonula adherens and the septate junction. Functions in the regulation of cell polarity, tissue integrity and intercellular adhesion and permeability.
	GO:0005938	cell cortex	The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins.
	GO:0030054	cell junction	A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. At a cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix.
	GO:0071944	cell periphery	The part of a cell encompassing the cell cortex, the plasma membrane, and any external encapsulating structures.
	GO:0042995	cell projection	A prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon.
	GO:0032154	cleavage furrow	The cleavage furrow is a plasma membrane invagination at the cell division site. The cleavage furrow begins as a shallow groove and eventually deepens to divide the cytoplasm.
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
	GO:0005856	cytoskeleton	Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles.
	GO:0005829	cytosol	The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
	GO:0005789	endoplasmic reticulum membrane	The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum.
	GO:0005768	endosome	A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered.
	GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
	GO:0031234	extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane	The component of a plasma membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to its cytoplasmic surface, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.
	GO:0005925	focal adhesion	Small region on the surface of a cell that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments.
	GO:0030027	lamellipodium	A thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of a migrating cell or extending cell process; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments.
	GO:0016020	membrane	A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
	GO:0030496	midbody	A thin cytoplasmic bridge formed between daughter cells at the end of cytokinesis. The midbody forms where the contractile ring constricts, and may persist for some time before finally breaking to complete cytokinesis.
	GO:0005886	plasma membrane	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
	GO:0031982	vesicle	Any small, fluid-filled, spherical organelle enclosed by membrane.

Chain X,Y (ROCK1_HUMAN | Q13464)

molecular function
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.
	GO:0017049	GTP-Rho binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the GTP-bound form of the Rho protein.
	GO:0017048	Rho GTPase binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Rho protein, any member of the Rho subfamily of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases. Proteins in the Rho subfamily are involved in relaying signals from cell-surface receptors to the actin cytoskeleton.
	GO:0016301	kinase activity	Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.
	GO:0046872	metal ion binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
	GO:0000166	nucleotide binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose.
	GO:0005515	protein binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
	GO:0004672	protein kinase activity	Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP.
	GO:0004674	protein serine/threonine kinase activity	Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.
	GO:0016740	transferase activity	Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2.
biological process
	GO:0007249	I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling	The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell through the I-kappaB-kinase (IKK)-dependent activation of NF-kappaB. The cascade begins with activation of a trimeric IKK complex (consisting of catalytic kinase subunits IKKalpha and/or IKKbeta, and the regulatory scaffold protein NEMO) and ends with the regulation of transcription of target genes by NF-kappaB. In a resting state, NF-kappaB dimers are bound to I-kappaB proteins, sequestering NF-kappaB in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of I-kappaB targets I-kappaB for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thus releasing the NF-kappaB dimers, which can translocate to the nucleus to bind DNA and regulate transcription.
	GO:0007266	Rho protein signal transduction	A series of molecular signals within the cell that are mediated by a member of the Rho family of proteins switching to a GTP-bound active state.
	GO:0030036	actin cytoskeleton organization	A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins.
	GO:0003383	apical constriction	The actin-mediated process that results in the contraction of the apical end of a polarized columnar epithelial cell.
	GO:0006915	apoptotic process	A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died.
	GO:0032060	bleb assembly	The assembly of a bleb, a cell extension caused by localized decoupling of the cytoskeleton from the plasma membrane and characterized by rapid formation, rounded shape, and scarcity of organelles within the protrusion. Plasma membrane blebbing occurs during apoptosis and other cellular processes, including cell locomotion, cell division, and as a result of physical or chemical stresses.
	GO:0006921	cellular component disassembly involved in execution phase of apoptosis	The breakdown of structures such as organelles, proteins, or other macromolecular structures during apoptosis.
	GO:0030866	cortical actin cytoskeleton organization	A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of actin-based cytoskeletal structures in the cell cortex, i.e. just beneath the plasma membrane.
	GO:0048013	ephrin receptor signaling pathway	The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an ephrin receptor binding to an ephrin.
	GO:0090002	establishment of protein localization to plasma membrane	The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in the plasma membrane.
	GO:0035556	intracellular signal transduction	The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell.
	GO:0007159	leukocyte cell-cell adhesion	The attachment of a leukocyte to another cell via adhesion molecules.
	GO:0050900	leukocyte migration	The movement of a leukocyte within or between different tissues and organs of the body.
	GO:0050901	leukocyte tethering or rolling	Transient adhesive interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells lining blood vessels. Carbohydrates on circulating leukocytes bind selectins on the vessel wall causing the leukocytes to slow down and roll along the inner surface of the vessel wall. During this rolling motion, transitory bonds are formed and broken between selectins and their ligands. Typically the first step in cellular extravasation (the movement of leukocytes out of the circulatory system, towards the site of tissue damage or infection).
	GO:0022614	membrane to membrane docking	The initial attachment of a membrane to a target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the two membranes. Docking requires only that the membranes come close enough for the proteins to interact and adhere.
	GO:0051451	myoblast migration	The orderly movement of a myoblast from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. A myoblast is a cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.
	GO:0016525	negative regulation of angiogenesis	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of angiogenesis.
	GO:1903347	negative regulation of bicellular tight junction assembly	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of tight junction assembly.
	GO:0035509	negative regulation of myosin-light-chain-phosphatase activity	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myosin-light-chain-phosphatase activity.
	GO:0043524	negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons.
	GO:0032091	negative regulation of protein binding	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein binding.
	GO:0016310	phosphorylation	The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide.
	GO:0051894	positive regulation of focal adhesion assembly	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of focal adhesion assembly, the establishment and maturation of focal adhesions.
	GO:0006468	protein phosphorylation	The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.
	GO:0032956	regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins.
	GO:0032970	regulation of actin filament-based process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any cellular process that depends upon or alters the actin cytoskeleton.
	GO:0030155	regulation of cell adhesion	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a cell to another cell or to the extracellular matrix.
	GO:2000145	regulation of cell motility	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell motility.
	GO:0051493	regulation of cytoskeleton organization	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures.
	GO:2000114	regulation of establishment of cell polarity	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of cell polarity.
	GO:1903140	regulation of establishment of endothelial barrier	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of endothelial barrier.
	GO:0051893	regulation of focal adhesion assembly	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of focal adhesion formation, the establishment and maturation of focal adhesions.
	GO:0045616	regulation of keratinocyte differentiation	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte differentiation.
	GO:0051492	regulation of stress fiber assembly	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of a stress fiber, a bundle of microfilaments and other proteins found in fibroblasts.
	GO:0007165	signal transduction	The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.
	GO:0006939	smooth muscle contraction	A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. Smooth muscle differs from striated muscle in the much higher actin/myosin ratio, the absence of conspicuous sarcomeres and the ability to contract to a much smaller fraction of its resting length.
	GO:0048010	vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) located on the surface of the receiving cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
cellular component
	GO:0005794	Golgi apparatus	A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.
	GO:0000139	Golgi membrane	The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus.
	GO:0032059	bleb	A cell extension caused by localized decoupling of the cytoskeleton from the plasma membrane and characterized by rapid formation, rounded shape, and scarcity of organelles within the protrusion. Blebs are formed during apoptosis and other cellular processes, including cell locomotion, cell division, and as a result of physical or chemical stresses.
	GO:0042995	cell projection	A prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon.
	GO:0005814	centriole	A cellular organelle, found close to the nucleus in many eukaryotic cells, consisting of a small cylinder with microtubular walls, 300-500 nm long and 150-250 nm in diameter. It contains nine short, parallel, peripheral microtubular fibrils, each fibril consisting of one complete microtubule fused to two incomplete microtubules. Cells usually have two centrioles, lying at right angles to each other. At division, each pair of centrioles generates another pair and the twin pairs form the pole of the mitotic spindle.
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
	GO:0005856	cytoskeleton	Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles.
	GO:0005829	cytosol	The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
	GO:0030027	lamellipodium	A thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of a migrating cell or extending cell process; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments.
	GO:0016020	membrane	A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
	GO:0005886	plasma membrane	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
	GO:0001726	ruffle	Projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell; the protrusions are supported by a microfilament meshwork.

Description

Compounds

Structural Features

Chains, Units

Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions (2, 4)

Sites (4, 4)

SS Bonds (0, 0)

Cis Peptide Bonds (0, 0)

Sequence-Structure Mapping

SAPs(SNPs)/Variants (0, 0)

PROSITE Motifs (0, 0)

Exons (3, 6)

Sequences/Alignments

Classification and Annotation

SCOP Domains (2, 4)

CATH Domains (1, 2)

Pfam Domains (2, 4)

Gene Ontology (112, 127)

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Related Entries

Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

Related Entries Specified in the PDB File