2XH5 - JenaLib

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)

molecular function
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.
	GO:0016301	kinase activity	Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.
	GO:0000166	nucleotide binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose.
	GO:0005515	protein binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
	GO:0005080	protein kinase C binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with protein kinase C.
	GO:0004672	protein kinase activity	Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP.
	GO:0004674	protein serine/threonine kinase activity	Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.
	GO:0016740	transferase activity	Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2.
biological process
	GO:0090630	activation of GTPase activity	Any process that initiates the activity of an inactive GTPase through the replacement of GDP by GTP.
	GO:0006915	apoptotic process	A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died.
	GO:0005975	carbohydrate metabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule.
	GO:0008643	carbohydrate transport	The directed movement of carbohydrate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Carbohydrates are any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.
	GO:0006464	cellular protein modification process	The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification).
	GO:0032870	cellular response to hormone stimulus	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hormone stimulus.
	GO:0032869	cellular response to insulin stimulus	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms.
	GO:0071407	cellular response to organic cyclic compound	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus.
	GO:0045444	fat cell differentiation	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat.
	GO:0006006	glucose metabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose. D-glucose is dextrorotatory and is sometimes known as dextrose; it is an important source of energy for living organisms and is found free as well as combined in homo- and hetero-oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.
	GO:0005978	glycogen biosynthetic process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues.
	GO:0005977	glycogen metabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues in alpha-(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha-(1->6) glycosidic linkages.
	GO:0008286	insulin receptor signaling pathway	The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the insulin receptor binding to insulin.
	GO:0065002	intracellular protein transmembrane transport	The directed movement of proteins in a cell, from one side of a membrane to another by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
	GO:0035556	intracellular signal transduction	The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell.
	GO:0060644	mammary gland epithelial cell differentiation	The process in which a relatively unspecialized epithelial cell becomes a more specialized epithelial cell of the mammary gland.
	GO:0007275	multicellular organism development	The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult).
	GO:0033119	negative regulation of RNA splicing	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of RNA splicing.
	GO:0043066	negative regulation of apoptotic process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
	GO:0043154	negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in the apoptotic process.
	GO:0010748	negative regulation of plasma membrane long-chain fatty acid transport	Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of plasma membrane long-chain fatty acid transport. Plasma membrane long-chain fatty acid transport is the directed movement of long-chain fatty acids across the plasma membrane.
	GO:0018105	peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	The phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-serine.
	GO:0032287	peripheral nervous system myelin maintenance	The process in which the structure and material content of mature peripheral nervous system myelin is kept in a functional state.
	GO:0016310	phosphorylation	The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide.
	GO:0030335	positive regulation of cell migration	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.
	GO:2000147	positive regulation of cell motility	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell motility.
	GO:0032000	positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fatty acid beta-oxidation.
	GO:0010628	positive regulation of gene expression	Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
	GO:0046326	positive regulation of glucose import	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle.
	GO:2001275	positive regulation of glucose import in response to insulin stimulus	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glucose import in response to insulin stimulus.
	GO:0010907	positive regulation of glucose metabolic process	Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of glucose metabolism. Glucose metabolic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose.
	GO:0045725	positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen.
	GO:0045429	positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide.
	GO:0033138	positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine.
	GO:0050927	positive regulation of positive chemotaxis	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration in a concentration gradient of a specific chemical.
	GO:0001934	positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein.
	GO:0090314	positive regulation of protein targeting to membrane	Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process of directing proteins towards a membrane, usually using signals contained within the protein.
	GO:0009967	positive regulation of signal transduction	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction.
	GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
	GO:0031340	positive regulation of vesicle fusion	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vesicle fusion.
	GO:0043491	protein kinase B signaling	A series of reactions, mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B (also called AKT), which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound.
	GO:0072659	protein localization to plasma membrane	A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location in the plasma membrane.
	GO:0006468	protein phosphorylation	The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.
	GO:0071156	regulation of cell cycle arrest	Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of cell cycle arrest, the process in which the cell cycle is halted during one of the normal phases.
	GO:0030334	regulation of cell migration	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.
	GO:0006417	regulation of translation	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
	GO:0032868	response to insulin	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms.
	GO:0014850	response to muscle activity	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a muscle activity stimulus.
	GO:0031667	response to nutrient levels	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of nutrients.
	GO:0006970	response to osmotic stress	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell.
	GO:0007165	signal transduction	The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.
	GO:0006810	transport	The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) or cellular components (such as complexes and organelles) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter, pore or motor protein.
cellular component
	GO:0005938	cell cortex	The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins.
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
	GO:0005829	cytosol	The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
	GO:0005769	early endosome	A membrane-bounded organelle that receives incoming material from primary endocytic vesicles that have been generated by clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytosis; vesicles fuse with the early endosome to deliver cargo for sorting into recycling or degradation pathways.
	GO:0005768	endosome	A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered.
	GO:0032593	insulin-responsive compartment	A small membrane-bounded vesicle that releases its contents by exocytosis in response to insulin stimulation; the contents are enriched in GLUT4, IRAP and VAMP2.
	GO:0043231	intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane.
	GO:0016020	membrane	A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
	GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.
	GO:0005634	nucleus	A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
	GO:0005886	plasma membrane	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
	GO:0032587	ruffle membrane	The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a ruffle.
	GO:0031982	vesicle	Any small, fluid-filled, spherical organelle enclosed by membrane.

Chain C (GSK3B_HUMAN | P49841)

molecular function
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.
	GO:0051059	NF-kappaB binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with NF-kappaB, a transcription factor for eukaryotic RNA polymerase II promoters.
	GO:0001085	RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription by RNA polymerase II.
	GO:0008013	beta-catenin binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the beta subunit of the catenin complex.
	GO:0005178	integrin binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an integrin.
	GO:0035255	ionotropic glutamate receptor binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an ionotropic glutamate receptor. Ionotropic glutamate receptors bind glutamate and exert an effect through the regulation of ion channels.
	GO:0016301	kinase activity	Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.
	GO:0000166	nucleotide binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose.
	GO:0002039	p53 binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one of the p53 family of proteins.
	GO:0005515	protein binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
	GO:0034236	protein kinase A catalytic subunit binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or both of the catalytic subunits of protein kinase A.
	GO:0004672	protein kinase activity	Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP.
	GO:0019901	protein kinase binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate.
	GO:0004674	protein serine/threonine kinase activity	Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.
	GO:0048156	tau protein binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with tau protein. tau is a microtubule-associated protein, implicated in Alzheimer's disease, Down Syndrome and ALS.
	GO:0050321	tau-protein kinase activity	Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + tau-protein = ADP + O-phospho-tau-protein.
	GO:0008134	transcription factor binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription.
	GO:0016740	transferase activity	Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2.
	GO:0031625	ubiquitin protein ligase binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins.
biological process
	GO:0006983	ER overload response	The series of molecular signals generated by the accumulation of normal or misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and leading to activation of transcription by NF-kappaB.
	GO:0016055	Wnt signaling pathway	The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state.
	GO:0007568	aging	A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700).
	GO:0009887	animal organ morphogenesis	Morphogenesis of an animal organ. An organ is defined as a tissue or set of tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Morphogenesis is the process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions.
	GO:0007409	axonogenesis	De novo generation of a long process of a neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body towards target cells. Refers to the morphogenesis or creation of shape or form of the developing axon.
	GO:1904885	beta-catenin destruction complex assembly	The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a beta-catenin destruction complex.
	GO:1904886	beta-catenin destruction complex disassembly	The disaggregation of a beta-catenin destruction complex into its constituent components.
	GO:0060070	canonical Wnt signaling pathway	The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes. In this pathway, the activated receptor signals via downstream effectors that result in the inhibition of beta-catenin phosphorylation, thereby preventing degradation of beta-catenin. Stabilized beta-catenin can then accumulate and travel to the nucleus to trigger changes in transcription of target genes.
	GO:0044337	canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in positive regulation of apoptotic process	The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes involved in the positive regulation of apoptotic process.
	GO:0005975	carbohydrate metabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule.
	GO:0030154	cell differentiation	The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state.
	GO:0016477	cell migration	The controlled self-propelled movement of a cell from one site to a destination guided by molecular cues. Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms.
	GO:1903351	cellular response to dopamine	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dopamine stimulus.
	GO:0036018	cellular response to erythropoietin	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an erythropoietin stimulus.
	GO:0035729	cellular response to hepatocyte growth factor stimulus	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hepatocyte growth factor stimulus.
	GO:0070301	cellular response to hydrogen peroxide	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stimulus.
	GO:0036016	cellular response to interleukin-3	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-3 stimulus.
	GO:0071282	cellular response to iron(II) ion	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an iron(II) ion stimulus.
	GO:0071285	cellular response to lithium ion	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lithium (Li+) ion stimulus.
	GO:0071260	cellular response to mechanical stimulus	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus.
	GO:0099565	chemical synaptic transmission, postsynaptic	The part of synaptic transmission occurring in the post-synapse: a signal transduction pathway consisting of neurotransmitter receptor activation and its effects on postsynaptic membrane potential and the ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol.
	GO:0007623	circadian rhythm	Any biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours.
	GO:0007212	dopamine receptor signaling pathway	The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a dopamine receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.
	GO:0001837	epithelial to mesenchymal transition	A transition where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell.
	GO:0030010	establishment of cell polarity	The specification and formation of anisotropic intracellular organization or cell growth patterns.
	GO:0007163	establishment or maintenance of cell polarity	Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of anisotropic intracellular organization or cell growth patterns.
	GO:0097192	extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand	A series of molecular signals in which a signal is conveyed from the cell surface to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with withdrawal of a ligand from a cell surface receptor, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered.
	GO:0045444	fat cell differentiation	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat.
	GO:0005977	glycogen metabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues in alpha-(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha-(1->6) glycosidic linkages.
	GO:0021766	hippocampus development	The progression of the hippocampus over time from its initial formation until its mature state.
	GO:0044027	hypermethylation of CpG island	An increase in the epigenetic methylation of cytosine and adenosine residues in a CpG island in DNA. CpG islands are genomic regions that contain a high frequency of the CG dinucleotide and are often associated with the transcription start site of genes.
	GO:0035556	intracellular signal transduction	The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell.
	GO:0070059	intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress	A series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced in response to a stimulus indicating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. ER stress usually results from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen.
	GO:0007275	multicellular organism development	The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult).
	GO:0007520	myoblast fusion	A process in which non-proliferating myoblasts fuse to existing fibers or to myotubes to form new fibers. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.
	GO:0014902	myotube differentiation	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myotube cell. Myotube differentiation starts with myoblast fusion and the appearance of specific cell markers (this is the cell development step). Then individual myotubes can fuse to form bigger myotubes and start to contract. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse.
	GO:0043407	negative regulation of MAP kinase activity	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of MAP kinase activity.
	GO:0051534	negative regulation of NFAT protein import into nucleus	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of an NFAT protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.
	GO:0043066	negative regulation of apoptotic process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
	GO:0090090	negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.
	GO:0010614	negative regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy	Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart due to an increase in size (not length) of individual cardiac muscle fibers, without cell division.
	GO:2000171	negative regulation of dendrite development	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite development.
	GO:0050774	negative regulation of dendrite morphogenesis	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite morphogenesis.
	GO:1904339	negative regulation of dopaminergic neuron differentiation	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dopaminergic neuron differentiation.
	GO:2000466	negative regulation of glycogen (starch) synthase activity	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glycogen (starch) synthase activity.
	GO:0045719	negative regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen.
	GO:0014043	negative regulation of neuron maturation	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron maturation.
	GO:2001223	negative regulation of neuron migration	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron migration.
	GO:0010977	negative regulation of neuron projection development	Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection development. Neuron projection development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites).
	GO:0051001	negative regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity	Any process that stops or reduces the activity of the enzyme nitric-oxide synthase.
	GO:0032091	negative regulation of protein binding	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein binding.
	GO:0031333	negative regulation of protein complex assembly	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein complex assembly.
	GO:1900181	negative regulation of protein localization to nucleus	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to nucleus.
	GO:0009968	negative regulation of signal transduction	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction.
	GO:0034392	negative regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process.
	GO:2000077	negative regulation of type B pancreatic cell development	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of pancreatic B cell development.
	GO:0007399	nervous system development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state.
	GO:0018105	peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	The phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-serine.
	GO:0018107	peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation	The phosphorylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-threonine.
	GO:0016310	phosphorylation	The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide.
	GO:2000573	positive regulation of DNA biosynthetic process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA biosynthetic process.
	GO:0043547	positive regulation of GTPase activity	Any process that activates or increases the activity of a GTPase.
	GO:0043065	positive regulation of apoptotic process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
	GO:0045773	positive regulation of axon extension	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of axon extension.
	GO:0001954	positive regulation of cell-matrix adhesion	Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell adhesion to an extracellular matrix.
	GO:2000463	positive regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential	Any process that enhances the establishment or increases the extent of the excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) which is a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential.
	GO:0010918	positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment or extent of a mitochondrial membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any mitochondrial membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.
	GO:1901030	positive regulation of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization involved in apoptotic signaling pathway	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization involved in apoptotic signaling pathway.
	GO:0043525	positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death of neurons by apoptotic process.
	GO:1901216	positive regulation of neuron death	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron death.
	GO:0033138	positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine.
	GO:0010800	positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation	Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation. Peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation is the phosphorylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-threonine.
	GO:0032436	positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome.
	GO:0032092	positive regulation of protein binding	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein binding.
	GO:0045732	positive regulation of protein catabolic process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds.
	GO:0031334	positive regulation of protein complex assembly	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein complex assembly.
	GO:0046827	positive regulation of protein export from nucleus	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of directed movement of proteins from the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
	GO:0048661	positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation.
	GO:2000738	positive regulation of stem cell differentiation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell differentiation.
	GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
	GO:0043161	proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome.
	GO:0046777	protein autophosphorylation	The phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues (cis-autophosphorylation), or residues on an identical protein (trans-autophosphorylation).
	GO:0006611	protein export from nucleus	The directed movement of a protein from the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
	GO:0035372	protein localization to microtubule	A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, a microtubule.
	GO:0006468	protein phosphorylation	The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.
	GO:0000320	re-entry into mitotic cell cycle	The resumption of the mitotic cell division cycle by cells that were in a quiescent or other non-dividing state.
	GO:0030516	regulation of axon extension	Any process that modulates the rate, direction or extent of axon extension.
	GO:0050770	regulation of axonogenesis	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of axonogenesis, the generation of an axon, the long process of a neuron.
	GO:1900034	regulation of cellular response to heat	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to heat.
	GO:0048814	regulation of dendrite morphogenesis	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite morphogenesis.
	GO:0006349	regulation of gene expression by genetic imprinting	Heritable alterations in the activity of a gene that depend on whether it passed through the paternal or the maternal germline, but that are not encoded by DNA itself.
	GO:0032886	regulation of microtubule-based process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton.
	GO:0010975	regulation of neuron projection development	Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection development. Neuron projection development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites).
	GO:0048168	regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity	A process that modulates neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change as circumstances require. They may alter function, such as increasing or decreasing their sensitivity, or they may increase or decrease in actual numbers.
	GO:1902065	response to L-glutamate	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an L-glutamate stimulus.
	GO:0014823	response to activity	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an activity stimulus.
	GO:1990776	response to angiotensin	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an angiotensin stimulus. Angiotensin is any of three physiologically active peptides (angiotensin II, III, or IV) processed from angiotensinogen.
	GO:0042493	response to drug	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease.
	GO:0071871	response to epinephrine	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an epinephrine stimulus. Epinephrine is a catecholamine that has the formula C9H13NO3; it is secreted by the adrenal medulla to act as a hormone, and released by certain neurons to act as a neurotransmitter active in the central nervous system.
	GO:0032355	response to estradiol	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by estradiol, a C18 steroid hormone hydroxylated at C3 and C17 that acts as a potent estrogen.
	GO:0032868	response to insulin	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms.
	GO:1990418	response to insulin-like growth factor stimulus	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin-like growth factor stimulus.
	GO:0010226	response to lithium ion	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lithium (Li+) ion stimulus.
	GO:1990478	response to ultrasound	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ultrasonic stimulus.
	GO:0048511	rhythmic process	Any process pertinent to the generation and maintenance of rhythms in the physiology of an organism.
	GO:0071109	superior temporal gyrus development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the superior temporal gyrus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The superior temporal gyrus is a portion of the cerebral cortex that extends from the lateral sulcus to the superior temporal sulcus.
cellular component
	GO:1990909	Wnt signalosome	A multiprotein protein complex containing membrane-localized Wnt receptors and cytosolic protein complexes, which is capable of transmitting the Wnt signal. Contains at least a Wnt protein, LRP5 or LRP6, a member of the Frizzled (Fz) family, Axin and and a Dishevelled (DVL) protein.
	GO:0030424	axon	The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter.
	GO:0030877	beta-catenin destruction complex	A cytoplasmic protein complex containing glycogen synthase kinase-3-beta (GSK-3-beta), the adenomatous polyposis coli protein (APC), and the scaffolding protein axin, among others; phosphorylates beta-catenin, targets it for degradation by the proteasome.
	GO:0044297	cell body	The portion of a cell bearing surface projections such as axons, dendrites, cilia, or flagella that includes the nucleus, but excludes all cell projections.
	GO:0005813	centrosome	A structure comprised of a core structure (in most organisms, a pair of centrioles) and peripheral material from which a microtubule-based structure, such as a spindle apparatus, is organized. Centrosomes occur close to the nucleus during interphase in many eukaryotic cells, though in animal cells it changes continually during the cell-division cycle.
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
	GO:0005829	cytosol	The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
	GO:0030425	dendrite	A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, often branched, morphology, receives and integrates signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conducts a nerve impulse towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body.
	GO:0043198	dendritic shaft	Cylindric portion of the dendrite, directly stemming from the perikaryon, and carrying the dendritic spines.
	GO:0043197	dendritic spine	A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment - typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable including "thin", "stubby", "mushroom", and "branched", with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity.
	GO:0030426	growth cone	The migrating motile tip of a growing nerve cell axon or dendrite.
	GO:0030529	intracellular ribonucleoprotein complex	An intracellular macromolecular complex containing both protein and RNA molecules.
	GO:0016020	membrane	A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
	GO:0045121	membrane raft	Any of the small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. Small rafts can sometimes be stabilized to form larger platforms through protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions.
	GO:0043227	membrane-bounded organelle	Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane.
	GO:0005739	mitochondrion	A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.
	GO:0043025	neuronal cell body	The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites.
	GO:0005634	nucleus	A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
	GO:0048471	perinuclear region of cytoplasm	Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus.
	GO:0005886	plasma membrane	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
	GO:0043234	protein complex	A stable macromolecular complex composed (only) of two or more polypeptide subunits along with any covalently attached molecules (such as lipid anchors or oligosaccharide) or non-protein prosthetic groups (such as nucleotides or metal ions). Prosthetic group in this context refers to a tightly bound cofactor. The component polypeptide subunits may be identical.

Description

Compounds

Structural Features

Chains, Units

Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions (2, 2)

Sites (1, 1)

SS Bonds (0, 0)

Cis Peptide Bonds (0, 0)

Sequence-Structure Mapping

SAPs(SNPs)/Variants (3, 3)

PROSITE Motifs (3, 3)

Exons (11, 11)

Sequences/Alignments

Classification and Annotation

SCOP Domains (1, 1)

CATH Domains (2, 2)

Pfam Domains (2, 2)

Gene Ontology (195, 219)

Visualization

Interactive Views

Still Images

Databases and Analysis Tools

Databases

Analysis Tools

Related Entries

Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

Related Entries Specified in the PDB File