| molecular function |
|---|
| | GO:0005525 | | GTP binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate. |
| | GO:0030742 | | GTP-dependent protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules) using energy from the hydrolysis of GTP. |
| | GO:0003924 | | GTPase activity | | Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate. |
| | GO:0017137 | | Rab GTPase binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Rab protein, any member of the Rab subfamily of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases. |
| | GO:0051022 | | Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor protein. |
| | GO:0019899 | | enzyme binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any enzyme. |
| | GO:0042826 | | histone deacetylase binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the enzyme histone deacetylase. |
| | GO:0000166 | | nucleotide binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose. |
| | GO:0005515 | | protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| | GO:0019901 | | protein kinase binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate. |
| | GO:0031996 | | thioesterase binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any thioesterase enzyme. |
| biological process |
|---|
| | GO:0038095 | | Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway | | A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the Fc portion of immunoglobulin E (IgE) to an Fc-epsilon receptor on the surface of a signal-receiving cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The Fc portion of an immunoglobulin is its C-terminal constant region. |
| | GO:0038096 | | Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis | | An Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway that contributes to the endocytic engulfment of external particulate material by phagocytes. |
| | GO:0007186 | | G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway | | A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The pathway can start from the plasma membrane, Golgi or nuclear membrane (PMID:24568158 and PMID:16902576). |
| | GO:0031295 | | T cell costimulation | | The process of providing, via surface-bound receptor-ligand pairs, a second, antigen-independent, signal in addition to that provided by the T cell receptor to augment T cell activation. |
| | GO:0060071 | | Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway | | The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors signal via downstream effectors including C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) to modulate cytoskeletal elements and control cell polarity. |
| | GO:0030036 | | actin cytoskeleton organization | | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins. |
| | GO:0007015 | | actin filament organization | | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments. Includes processes that control the spatial distribution of actin filaments, such as organizing filaments into meshworks, bundles, or other structures, as by cross-linking. |
| | GO:0030041 | | actin filament polymerization | | Assembly of actin filaments by the addition of actin monomers to a filament. |
| | GO:0048532 | | anatomical structure arrangement | | The process that gives rise to the configuration of the constituent parts of an anatomical structure. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome. |
| | GO:0009653 | | anatomical structure morphogenesis | | The process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. |
| | GO:0002093 | | auditory receptor cell morphogenesis | | Any process that alters the size or shape of an auditory receptor cell. |
| | GO:0007411 | | axon guidance | | The chemotaxis process that directs the migration of an axon growth cone to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. |
| | GO:0007596 | | blood coagulation | | The sequential process in which the multiple coagulation factors of the blood interact, ultimately resulting in the formation of an insoluble fibrin clot; it may be divided into three stages: stage 1, the formation of intrinsic and extrinsic prothrombin converting principle; stage 2, the formation of thrombin; stage 3, the formation of stable fibrin polymers. |
| | GO:0045453 | | bone resorption | | The process in which specialized cells known as osteoclasts degrade the organic and inorganic portions of bone, and endocytose and transport the degradation products. |
| | GO:0007155 | | cell adhesion | | The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules. |
| | GO:0016477 | | cell migration | | The controlled self-propelled movement of a cell from one site to a destination guided by molecular cues. Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms. |
| | GO:0048870 | | cell motility | | Any process involved in the controlled self-propelled movement of a cell that results in translocation of the cell from one place to another. |
| | GO:0008283 | | cell proliferation | | The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. |
| | GO:0045216 | | cell-cell junction organization | | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cell-cell junction. A cell-cell junction is a specialized region of connection between two cells. |
| | GO:0007160 | | cell-matrix adhesion | | The binding of a cell to the extracellular matrix via adhesion molecules. |
| | GO:0071260 | | cellular response to mechanical stimulus | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus. |
| | GO:0021894 | | cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron over time, from initial commitment to its fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. |
| | GO:0021799 | | cerebral cortex radially oriented cell migration | | The migration of cells in the developing cerebral cortex in which cells move from the ventricular and/or subventricular zone toward the surface of the brain. |
| | GO:0006935 | | chemotaxis | | The directed movement of a motile cell or organism, or the directed growth of a cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis). |
| | GO:0090103 | | cochlea morphogenesis | | The process in which the cochlea is generated and organized. |
| | GO:0007010 | | cytoskeleton organization | | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures. |
| | GO:0016358 | | dendrite development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dendrite over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A dendrite is a freely branching protoplasmic process of a nerve cell. |
| | GO:0048813 | | dendrite morphogenesis | | The process in which the anatomical structures of a dendrite are generated and organized. A dendrite is a freely branching protoplasmic process of a nerve cell. |
| | GO:0071542 | | dopaminergic neuron differentiation | | The process in which a neuroblast acquires the specialized structural and functional features of a dopaminergic neuron, a neuron that secretes dopamine. |
| | GO:0021831 | | embryonic olfactory bulb interneuron precursor migration | | The directed movement of individual interneuron precursors during the embryonic development of the olfactory bulb. |
| | GO:0006897 | | endocytosis | | A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle. |
| | GO:0043652 | | engulfment of apoptotic cell | | The removal of the apoptotic cell by phagocytosis, by a neighboring cell or by a phagocyte. |
| | GO:0048013 | | ephrin receptor signaling pathway | | The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an ephrin receptor binding to an ephrin. |
| | GO:0003382 | | epithelial cell morphogenesis | | The change in form that occurs when an epithelial cell progresses from its initial formation to its mature state. |
| | GO:0048873 | | homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue | | Any biological process involved in the maintenance of the steady-state number of cells within a population of cells in a tissue. |
| | GO:0006972 | | hyperosmotic response | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a hyperosmotic environment, i.e. an environment with a higher concentration of solutes than the organism or cell. |
| | GO:0006954 | | inflammatory response | | The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages. |
| | GO:0035556 | | intracellular signal transduction | | The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell. |
| | GO:0030032 | | lamellipodium assembly | | Formation of a lamellipodium, a thin sheetlike extension of the surface of a migrating cell. |
| | GO:0051668 | | localization within membrane | | Any process in which a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within a membrane. |
| | GO:0002551 | | mast cell chemotaxis | | The movement of a mast cell in response to an external stimulus. |
| | GO:0006928 | | movement of cell or subcellular component | | The directed, self-propelled movement of a cell or subcellular component without the involvement of an external agent such as a transporter or a pore. |
| | GO:0032707 | | negative regulation of interleukin-23 production | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-23 production. |
| | GO:0048261 | | negative regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of receptor mediated endocytosis, the uptake of external materials by cells, utilizing receptors to ensure specificity of transport. |
| | GO:0048812 | | neuron projection morphogenesis | | The process in which the anatomical structures of a neuron projection are generated and organized. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites. |
| | GO:0035567 | | non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway | | The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via effectors other than beta-catenin. |
| | GO:0006911 | | phagocytosis, engulfment | | The internalization of bacteria, immune complexes and other particulate matter or of an apoptotic cell by phagocytosis, including the membrane and cytoskeletal processes required, which involves one of three mechanisms: zippering of pseudopods around a target via repeated receptor-ligand interactions, sinking of the target directly into plasma membrane of the phagocytosing cell, or induced uptake via an enhanced membrane ruffling of the phagocytosing cell similar to macropinocytosis. |
| | GO:0030168 | | platelet activation | | A series of progressive, overlapping events triggered by exposure of the platelets to subendothelial tissue. These events include shape change, adhesiveness, aggregation, and release reactions. When carried through to completion, these events lead to the formation of a stable hemostatic plug. |
| | GO:0045740 | | positive regulation of DNA replication | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication. |
| | GO:0035025 | | positive regulation of Rho protein signal transduction | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction. |
| | GO:0030838 | | positive regulation of actin filament polymerization | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of actin polymerization. |
| | GO:0043065 | | positive regulation of apoptotic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. |
| | GO:0010811 | | positive regulation of cell-substrate adhesion | | Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell-substrate adhesion. Cell-substrate adhesion is the attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules. |
| | GO:0051894 | | positive regulation of focal adhesion assembly | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of focal adhesion assembly, the establishment and maturation of focal adhesions. |
| | GO:0010592 | | positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly | | Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the formation of a lamellipodium, a thin sheetlike extension of the surface of a migrating cell. |
| | GO:0090023 | | positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis | | Any process that increases the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil chemotaxis. Neutrophil chemotaxis is the directed movement of a neutrophil cell, the most numerous polymorphonuclear leukocyte found in the blood, in response to an external stimulus, usually an infection or wounding. |
| | GO:0043552 | | positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity. |
| | GO:0001934 | | positive regulation of protein phosphorylation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein. |
| | GO:0051496 | | positive regulation of stress fiber assembly | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of a stress fiber, a bundle of microfilaments and other proteins found in fibroblasts. |
| | GO:1900026 | | positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading. |
| | GO:0072659 | | protein localization to plasma membrane | | A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location in the plasma membrane. |
| | GO:0030334 | | regulation of cell migration | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration. |
| | GO:0022604 | | regulation of cell morphogenesis | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell morphogenesis. Cell morphogenesis is the developmental process in which the shape of a cell is generated and organized. |
| | GO:0008361 | | regulation of cell size | | Any process that modulates the size of a cell. |
| | GO:0050690 | | regulation of defense response to virus by virus | | Any viral process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the antiviral response of the host cell or organism. |
| | GO:0010762 | | regulation of fibroblast migration | | Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of fibroblast cell migration. Fibroblast cell migration is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium. |
| | GO:0010310 | | regulation of hydrogen peroxide metabolic process | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving hydrogen peroxide. |
| | GO:0014041 | | regulation of neuron maturation | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuron maturation, the process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a neuron. This process is independent of morphogenetic change. |
| | GO:0060263 | | regulation of respiratory burst | | Any process that modulates the rate frequency or extent of a phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals. |
| | GO:0051056 | | regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction. |
| | GO:0009611 | | response to wounding | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to the organism. |
| | GO:0097178 | | ruffle assembly | | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a ruffle, a projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell; the protrusions are supported by a microfilament meshwork. The formation of ruffles (also called membrane ruffling) is thought to be controlled by a group of enzymes known as Rho GTPases, specifically RhoA, Rac1 and cdc42. |
| | GO:0031529 | | ruffle organization | | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a ruffle, a projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell. |
| | GO:0071526 | | semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway | | A series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a semaphorin receptor (composed of a plexin and a neurophilin) binding to a semaphorin ligand. |
| | GO:0007264 | | small GTPase mediated signal transduction | | Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals. |
| | GO:0034446 | | substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading | | The morphogenetic process that results in flattening of a cell as a consequence of its adhesion to a substrate. |
| | GO:0051932 | | synaptic transmission, GABAergic | | The vesicular release of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of GABA receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse. |
| | GO:0048010 | | vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway | | Any series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) located on the surface of the receiving cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. |
| cellular component |
|---|
| | GO:0000139 | | Golgi membrane | | The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus. |
| | GO:0005884 | | actin filament | | A filamentous structure formed of a two-stranded helical polymer of the protein actin and associated proteins. Actin filaments are a major component of the contractile apparatus of skeletal muscle and the microfilaments of the cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells. The filaments, comprising polymerized globular actin molecules, appear as flexible structures with a diameter of 5-9 nm. They are organized into a variety of linear bundles, two-dimensional networks, and three dimensional gels. In the cytoskeleton they are most highly concentrated in the cortex of the cell just beneath the plasma membrane. |
| | GO:0042995 | | cell projection | | A prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon. |
| | GO:0005737 | | cytoplasm | | All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| | GO:0036464 | | cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule | | A ribonucleoprotein granule located in the cytoplasm. |
| | GO:0031410 | | cytoplasmic vesicle | | A vesicle found in the cytoplasm of a cell. |
| | GO:0005829 | | cytosol | | The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. |
| | GO:0031901 | | early endosome membrane | | The lipid bilayer surrounding an early endosome. |
| | GO:0005789 | | endoplasmic reticulum membrane | | The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum. |
| | GO:0070062 | | extracellular exosome | | A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm. |
| | GO:0019897 | | extrinsic component of plasma membrane | | The component of a plasma membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. |
| | GO:0005925 | | focal adhesion | | Small region on the surface of a cell that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments. |
| | GO:0030027 | | lamellipodium | | A thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of a migrating cell or extending cell process; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments. |
| | GO:0042470 | | melanosome | | A tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which melanin pigments are synthesized and stored. Melanosomes are synthesized in melanocyte cells. |
| | GO:0016020 | | membrane | | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it. |
| | GO:0005634 | | nucleus | | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. |
| | GO:0001891 | | phagocytic cup | | An invagination of the cell membrane formed by an actin dependent process during phagocytosis. Following internalization it is converted into a phagosome. |
| | GO:0005886 | | plasma membrane | | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. |
| | GO:0032587 | | ruffle membrane | | The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a ruffle. |
| | GO:0005802 | | trans-Golgi network | | The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located within the Golgi apparatus on the side distal to the endoplasmic reticulum, from which secretory vesicles emerge. The trans-Golgi network is important in the later stages of protein secretion where it is thought to play a key role in the sorting and targeting of secreted proteins to the correct destination. |
Description
