2GBN - JenaLib

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)

molecular function
	GO:0005515	protein binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
biological process
	GO:0042769	DNA damage response, detection of DNA damage	The series of events required to receive a stimulus indicating DNA damage has occurred and convert it to a molecular signal.
	GO:0006977	DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest	A cascade of processes induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53, or an equivalent protein, in response to the detection of DNA damage and resulting in the stopping or reduction in rate of the cell cycle.
	GO:0038128	ERBB2 signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to a member of the ERBB family of receptors on the surface of a cell, where the signal is transmitted by ERBB2. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. ERBB2 receptors are themselves unable to bind to ligands, but act as a signal-amplifying tyrosine kinase within a heterodimeric pair.
	GO:0038095	Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the Fc portion of immunoglobulin E (IgE) to an Fc-epsilon receptor on the surface of a signal-receiving cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The Fc portion of an immunoglobulin is its C-terminal constant region.
	GO:0000086	G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle	The mitotic cell cycle transition by which a cell in G2 commits to M phase. The process begins when the kinase activity of M cyclin/CDK complex reaches a threshold high enough for the cell cycle to proceed. This is accomplished by activating a positive feedback loop that results in the accumulation of unphosphorylated and active M cyclin/CDK complex.
	GO:0007249	I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling	The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell through the I-kappaB-kinase (IKK)-dependent activation of NF-kappaB. The cascade begins with activation of a trimeric IKK complex (consisting of catalytic kinase subunits IKKalpha and/or IKKbeta, and the regulatory scaffold protein NEMO) and ends with the regulation of transcription of target genes by NF-kappaB. In a resting state, NF-kappaB dimers are bound to I-kappaB proteins, sequestering NF-kappaB in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of I-kappaB targets I-kappaB for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thus releasing the NF-kappaB dimers, which can translocate to the nucleus to bind DNA and regulate transcription.
	GO:0007254	JNK cascade	An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a JNK (a MAPK), a JNKK (a MAPKK) and a JUN3K (a MAP3K). The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell.
	GO:0000165	MAPK cascade	An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a MAPK, a MAPKK and a MAP3K. The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell.
	GO:0002755	MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor where the MyD88 adaptor molecule mediates transduction of the signal. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response.
	GO:0002756	MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor not relying on the MyD88 adaptor molecule. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response.
	GO:0038061	NIK/NF-kappaB signaling	The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell through the NIK-dependent processing and activation of NF-KappaB. Begins with activation of the NF-KappaB-inducing kinase (NIK), which in turn phosphorylates and activates IkappaB kinase alpha (IKKalpha). IKKalpha phosphorylates the NF-Kappa B2 protein (p100) leading to p100 processing and release of an active NF-KappaB (p52).
	GO:0007219	Notch signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to the receptor Notch on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0050852	T cell receptor signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a T cell.
	GO:0035666	TRIF-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor where the TRIF adaptor mediates transduction of the signal. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response.
	GO:0016055	Wnt signaling pathway	The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state.
	GO:0060071	Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway	The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors signal via downstream effectors including C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) to modulate cytoskeletal elements and control cell polarity.
	GO:0000187	activation of MAPK activity	The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase (MAPK).
	GO:0031145	anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, with ubiquitin-protein ligation catalyzed by the anaphase-promoting complex, and mediated by the proteasome.
	GO:0044267	cellular protein metabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification.
	GO:0016197	endosomal transport	The directed movement of substances into, out of, or mediated by an endosome, a membrane-bounded organelle that carries materials newly ingested by endocytosis. It passes many of the materials to lysosomes for degradation.
	GO:0070987	error-free translesion synthesis	The conversion of DNA-damage induced single-stranded gaps into large molecular weight DNA after replication by using a specialized DNA polymerase or replication complex to insert a defined nucleotide across the lesion. This process does not remove the replication-blocking lesions but does not causes an increase in the endogenous mutation level. For S. cerevisiae, RAD30 encodes DNA polymerase eta, which incorporates two adenines. When incorporated across a thymine-thymine dimer, it does not increase the endogenous mutation level.
	GO:0042276	error-prone translesion synthesis	The conversion of DNA-damage induced single-stranded gaps into large molecular weight DNA after replication by using a specialized DNA polymerase or replication complex to insert a defined nucleotide across the lesion. This process does not remove the replication-blocking lesions and causes an increase in the endogenous mutation level. For example, in E. coli, a low fidelity DNA polymerase, pol V, copies lesions that block replication fork progress. This produces mutations specifically targeted to DNA template damage sites, but it can also produce mutations at undamaged sites.
	GO:0008543	fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway	The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a fibroblast growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.
	GO:0070911	global genome nucleotide-excision repair	The nucleotide-excision repair process in which DNA lesions are removed from nontranscribed strands and from transcriptionally silent regions over the entire genome.
	GO:0005978	glycogen biosynthetic process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues.
	GO:0045087	innate immune response	Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.
	GO:0036297	interstrand cross-link repair	Removal of a DNA interstrand crosslink (a covalent attachment of DNA bases on opposite strands of the DNA) and restoration of the DNA. DNA interstrand crosslinks occur when both strands of duplex DNA are covalently tethered together (e.g. by an exogenous or endogenous agent), thus preventing the strand unwinding necessary for essential DNA functions such as transcription and replication.
	GO:0075733	intracellular transport of virus	The directed movement of a virus, or part of a virus, within the host cell.
	GO:0034220	ion transmembrane transport	A process in which an ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
	GO:0016236	macroautophagy	The major inducible pathway for the general turnover of cytoplasmic constituents in eukaryotic cells, it is also responsible for the degradation of active cytoplasmic enzymes and organelles during nutrient starvation. Macroautophagy involves the formation of double-membrane-bounded autophagosomes which enclose the cytoplasmic constituent targeted for degradation in a membrane-bounded structure. Autophagosomes then fuse with a lysosome (or vacuole) releasing single-membrane-bounded autophagic bodies that are then degraded within the lysosome (or vacuole). Though once thought to be a purely non-selective process, it appears that some types of macroautophagy, e.g. macropexophagy, macromitophagy, may involve selective targeting of the targets to be degraded.
	GO:0047497	mitochondrion transport along microtubule	The directed movement of a mitochondrion along a microtubule, mediated by motor proteins.
	GO:0043066	negative regulation of apoptotic process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
	GO:0090090	negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.
	GO:0042059	negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity.
	GO:0000122	negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
	GO:0030512	negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of any TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway.
	GO:0032480	negative regulation of type I interferon production	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of type I interferon production. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.
	GO:0051436	negative regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity involved in mitotic cell cycle	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin ligase activity that contributes to the mitotic cell cycle.
	GO:0048812	neuron projection morphogenesis	The process in which the anatomical structures of a neuron projection are generated and organized. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites.
	GO:0070423	nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing (NOD) protein.
	GO:0000715	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage recognition	The identification of lesions in DNA, such as pyrimidine-dimers, intrastrand cross-links, and bulky adducts. The wide range of substrate specificity suggests the repair complex recognizes distortions in the DNA helix.
	GO:0000717	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA duplex unwinding	The unwinding, or local denaturation, of the DNA duplex to create a bubble around the site of the DNA damage.
	GO:0006297	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA gap filling	Repair of the gap in the DNA helix by DNA polymerase and DNA ligase after the portion of the strand containing the lesion has been removed by pyrimidine-dimer repair enzymes.
	GO:0033683	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision	A process that results in the endonucleolytic cleavage of the damaged strand of DNA. The incision occurs at the junction of single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA that is formed when the DNA duplex is unwound.
	GO:0006296	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision, 5'-to lesion	The endonucleolytic cleavage of the damaged strand of DNA 5' to the site of damage. The incision occurs at the junction of single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA that is formed when the DNA duplex is unwound. The incision follows the incision formed 3' to the site of damage.
	GO:0006294	nucleotide-excision repair, preincision complex assembly	The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins on DNA to form the multiprotein complex involved in damage recognition, DNA helix unwinding, and endonucleolytic cleavage at the site of DNA damage. This assembly occurs before the phosphodiester backbone of the damaged strand is cleaved 3' and 5' of the site of DNA damage.
	GO:0043123	positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling.
	GO:0051092	positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB.
	GO:0043065	positive regulation of apoptotic process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
	GO:0090263	positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.
	GO:0045742	positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity.
	GO:1902255	positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator.
	GO:1902527	positive regulation of protein monoubiquitination	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein monoubiquitination.
	GO:0031398	positive regulation of protein ubiquitination	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of ubiquitin groups to a protein.
	GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
	GO:0051437	positive regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity involved in regulation of mitotic cell cycle transition	Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of ubiquitin ligase activity that contributes to the regulation of the mitotic cell cycle phase transition.
	GO:0043161	proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome.
	GO:0000209	protein polyubiquitination	Addition of multiple ubiquitin groups to a protein, forming a ubiquitin chain.
	GO:0042787	protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	The process in which a ubiquitin group, or multiple groups, are covalently attached to the target protein, thereby initiating the degradation of that protein.
	GO:0043488	regulation of mRNA stability	Any process that modulates the propensity of mRNA molecules to degradation. Includes processes that both stabilize and destabilize mRNAs.
	GO:0051881	regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential	Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of the mitochondrial membrane potential, the electric potential existing across the mitochondrial membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.
	GO:0010939	regulation of necrotic cell death	Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of necrotic cell death. Necrotic cell death is a cell death process that is morphologically characterized by a gain in cell volume (oncosis), swelling of organelles, plasma membrane rupture and subsequent loss of intracellular contents.
	GO:1901214	regulation of neuron death	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuron death.
	GO:0061136	regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process	Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome.
	GO:1901796	regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction by p53 class mediator.
	GO:0061418	regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to hypoxia	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter as a result of a hypoxia stimulus.
	GO:0010803	regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	Any process that modulates the rate or extent of the tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway. The tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of tumor necrosis factor binding to a cell surface receptor.
	GO:0032479	regulation of type I interferon production	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon type I production. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.
	GO:0002223	stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a C-type lectin receptor capable of cellular activation.
	GO:0051403	stress-activated MAPK cascade	A series of molecular signals in which a stress-activated MAP kinase cascade relays one or more of the signals; MAP kinase cascades involve at least three protein kinase activities and culminate in the phosphorylation and activation of a MAP kinase.
	GO:0006283	transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair	The nucleotide-excision repair process that carries out preferential repair of DNA lesions on the actively transcribed strand of the DNA duplex. In addition, the transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair pathway is required for the recognition and repair of a small subset of lesions that are not recognized by the global genome nucleotide excision repair pathway.
	GO:0007179	transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0019985	translesion synthesis	The replication of damaged DNA by synthesis across a lesion in the template strand; a specialized DNA polymerase or replication complex inserts a defined nucleotide across from the lesion which allows DNA synthesis to continue beyond the lesion. This process can be mutagenic depending on the damaged nucleotide and the inserted nucleotide.
	GO:0033209	tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a tumor necrosis factor to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0019058	viral life cycle	A set of processes which all viruses follow to ensure survival; includes attachment and entry of the virus particle, decoding of genome information, translation of viral mRNA by host ribosomes, genome replication, and assembly and release of viral particles containing the genome.
	GO:0019068	virion assembly	A late phase of the viral life cycle during which all the components necessary for the formation of a mature virion collect at a particular site in the cell and the basic structure of the virus particle is formed.
cellular component
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
	GO:0005829	cytosol	The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
	GO:0030666	endocytic vesicle membrane	The lipid bilayer surrounding an endocytic vesicle.
	GO:0010008	endosome membrane	The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome.
	GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
	GO:0005615	extracellular space	That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
	GO:0005739	mitochondrion	A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.
	GO:0043005	neuron projection	A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.
	GO:0043025	neuronal cell body	The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites.
	GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.
	GO:0005634	nucleus	A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
	GO:0005886	plasma membrane	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

Chain A (UBC_HUMAN | P0CG48)

molecular function
	GO:0002020	protease binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protease or peptidase.
	GO:0005515	protein binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
biological process
	GO:0042769	DNA damage response, detection of DNA damage	The series of events required to receive a stimulus indicating DNA damage has occurred and convert it to a molecular signal.
	GO:0006977	DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest	A cascade of processes induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53, or an equivalent protein, in response to the detection of DNA damage and resulting in the stopping or reduction in rate of the cell cycle.
	GO:0038128	ERBB2 signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to a member of the ERBB family of receptors on the surface of a cell, where the signal is transmitted by ERBB2. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. ERBB2 receptors are themselves unable to bind to ligands, but act as a signal-amplifying tyrosine kinase within a heterodimeric pair.
	GO:0038095	Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the Fc portion of immunoglobulin E (IgE) to an Fc-epsilon receptor on the surface of a signal-receiving cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The Fc portion of an immunoglobulin is its C-terminal constant region.
	GO:0000086	G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle	The mitotic cell cycle transition by which a cell in G2 commits to M phase. The process begins when the kinase activity of M cyclin/CDK complex reaches a threshold high enough for the cell cycle to proceed. This is accomplished by activating a positive feedback loop that results in the accumulation of unphosphorylated and active M cyclin/CDK complex.
	GO:0007249	I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling	The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell through the I-kappaB-kinase (IKK)-dependent activation of NF-kappaB. The cascade begins with activation of a trimeric IKK complex (consisting of catalytic kinase subunits IKKalpha and/or IKKbeta, and the regulatory scaffold protein NEMO) and ends with the regulation of transcription of target genes by NF-kappaB. In a resting state, NF-kappaB dimers are bound to I-kappaB proteins, sequestering NF-kappaB in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of I-kappaB targets I-kappaB for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thus releasing the NF-kappaB dimers, which can translocate to the nucleus to bind DNA and regulate transcription.
	GO:0007254	JNK cascade	An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a JNK (a MAPK), a JNKK (a MAPKK) and a JUN3K (a MAP3K). The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell.
	GO:0000165	MAPK cascade	An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a MAPK, a MAPKK and a MAP3K. The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell.
	GO:0002755	MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor where the MyD88 adaptor molecule mediates transduction of the signal. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response.
	GO:0002756	MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor not relying on the MyD88 adaptor molecule. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response.
	GO:0038061	NIK/NF-kappaB signaling	The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell through the NIK-dependent processing and activation of NF-KappaB. Begins with activation of the NF-KappaB-inducing kinase (NIK), which in turn phosphorylates and activates IkappaB kinase alpha (IKKalpha). IKKalpha phosphorylates the NF-Kappa B2 protein (p100) leading to p100 processing and release of an active NF-KappaB (p52).
	GO:0007219	Notch signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to the receptor Notch on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0050852	T cell receptor signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a T cell.
	GO:0035666	TRIF-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor where the TRIF adaptor mediates transduction of the signal. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response.
	GO:0016055	Wnt signaling pathway	The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state.
	GO:0060071	Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway	The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors signal via downstream effectors including C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) to modulate cytoskeletal elements and control cell polarity.
	GO:0000187	activation of MAPK activity	The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase (MAPK).
	GO:0031145	anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, with ubiquitin-protein ligation catalyzed by the anaphase-promoting complex, and mediated by the proteasome.
	GO:0044267	cellular protein metabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification.
	GO:0016197	endosomal transport	The directed movement of substances into, out of, or mediated by an endosome, a membrane-bounded organelle that carries materials newly ingested by endocytosis. It passes many of the materials to lysosomes for degradation.
	GO:0070987	error-free translesion synthesis	The conversion of DNA-damage induced single-stranded gaps into large molecular weight DNA after replication by using a specialized DNA polymerase or replication complex to insert a defined nucleotide across the lesion. This process does not remove the replication-blocking lesions but does not causes an increase in the endogenous mutation level. For S. cerevisiae, RAD30 encodes DNA polymerase eta, which incorporates two adenines. When incorporated across a thymine-thymine dimer, it does not increase the endogenous mutation level.
	GO:0042276	error-prone translesion synthesis	The conversion of DNA-damage induced single-stranded gaps into large molecular weight DNA after replication by using a specialized DNA polymerase or replication complex to insert a defined nucleotide across the lesion. This process does not remove the replication-blocking lesions and causes an increase in the endogenous mutation level. For example, in E. coli, a low fidelity DNA polymerase, pol V, copies lesions that block replication fork progress. This produces mutations specifically targeted to DNA template damage sites, but it can also produce mutations at undamaged sites.
	GO:0008543	fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway	The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a fibroblast growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.
	GO:0070911	global genome nucleotide-excision repair	The nucleotide-excision repair process in which DNA lesions are removed from nontranscribed strands and from transcriptionally silent regions over the entire genome.
	GO:0005978	glycogen biosynthetic process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues.
	GO:0045087	innate immune response	Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.
	GO:0036297	interstrand cross-link repair	Removal of a DNA interstrand crosslink (a covalent attachment of DNA bases on opposite strands of the DNA) and restoration of the DNA. DNA interstrand crosslinks occur when both strands of duplex DNA are covalently tethered together (e.g. by an exogenous or endogenous agent), thus preventing the strand unwinding necessary for essential DNA functions such as transcription and replication.
	GO:0075733	intracellular transport of virus	The directed movement of a virus, or part of a virus, within the host cell.
	GO:0034220	ion transmembrane transport	A process in which an ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
	GO:0016236	macroautophagy	The major inducible pathway for the general turnover of cytoplasmic constituents in eukaryotic cells, it is also responsible for the degradation of active cytoplasmic enzymes and organelles during nutrient starvation. Macroautophagy involves the formation of double-membrane-bounded autophagosomes which enclose the cytoplasmic constituent targeted for degradation in a membrane-bounded structure. Autophagosomes then fuse with a lysosome (or vacuole) releasing single-membrane-bounded autophagic bodies that are then degraded within the lysosome (or vacuole). Though once thought to be a purely non-selective process, it appears that some types of macroautophagy, e.g. macropexophagy, macromitophagy, may involve selective targeting of the targets to be degraded.
	GO:0043066	negative regulation of apoptotic process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
	GO:0090090	negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.
	GO:0042059	negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity.
	GO:0000122	negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
	GO:0030512	negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of any TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway.
	GO:0032480	negative regulation of type I interferon production	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of type I interferon production. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.
	GO:0051436	negative regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity involved in mitotic cell cycle	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin ligase activity that contributes to the mitotic cell cycle.
	GO:0070423	nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing (NOD) protein.
	GO:0000715	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage recognition	The identification of lesions in DNA, such as pyrimidine-dimers, intrastrand cross-links, and bulky adducts. The wide range of substrate specificity suggests the repair complex recognizes distortions in the DNA helix.
	GO:0000717	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA duplex unwinding	The unwinding, or local denaturation, of the DNA duplex to create a bubble around the site of the DNA damage.
	GO:0006297	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA gap filling	Repair of the gap in the DNA helix by DNA polymerase and DNA ligase after the portion of the strand containing the lesion has been removed by pyrimidine-dimer repair enzymes.
	GO:0033683	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision	A process that results in the endonucleolytic cleavage of the damaged strand of DNA. The incision occurs at the junction of single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA that is formed when the DNA duplex is unwound.
	GO:0006296	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision, 5'-to lesion	The endonucleolytic cleavage of the damaged strand of DNA 5' to the site of damage. The incision occurs at the junction of single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA that is formed when the DNA duplex is unwound. The incision follows the incision formed 3' to the site of damage.
	GO:0006294	nucleotide-excision repair, preincision complex assembly	The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins on DNA to form the multiprotein complex involved in damage recognition, DNA helix unwinding, and endonucleolytic cleavage at the site of DNA damage. This assembly occurs before the phosphodiester backbone of the damaged strand is cleaved 3' and 5' of the site of DNA damage.
	GO:0043123	positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling.
	GO:0051092	positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB.
	GO:0043065	positive regulation of apoptotic process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
	GO:0090263	positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.
	GO:0045742	positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity.
	GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
	GO:0051437	positive regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity involved in regulation of mitotic cell cycle transition	Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of ubiquitin ligase activity that contributes to the regulation of the mitotic cell cycle phase transition.
	GO:0043161	proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome.
	GO:0000209	protein polyubiquitination	Addition of multiple ubiquitin groups to a protein, forming a ubiquitin chain.
	GO:0042787	protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	The process in which a ubiquitin group, or multiple groups, are covalently attached to the target protein, thereby initiating the degradation of that protein.
	GO:0043488	regulation of mRNA stability	Any process that modulates the propensity of mRNA molecules to degradation. Includes processes that both stabilize and destabilize mRNAs.
	GO:0010939	regulation of necrotic cell death	Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of necrotic cell death. Necrotic cell death is a cell death process that is morphologically characterized by a gain in cell volume (oncosis), swelling of organelles, plasma membrane rupture and subsequent loss of intracellular contents.
	GO:1901796	regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction by p53 class mediator.
	GO:0061418	regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to hypoxia	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter as a result of a hypoxia stimulus.
	GO:0010803	regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	Any process that modulates the rate or extent of the tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway. The tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of tumor necrosis factor binding to a cell surface receptor.
	GO:0032479	regulation of type I interferon production	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon type I production. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.
	GO:0002223	stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a C-type lectin receptor capable of cellular activation.
	GO:0051403	stress-activated MAPK cascade	A series of molecular signals in which a stress-activated MAP kinase cascade relays one or more of the signals; MAP kinase cascades involve at least three protein kinase activities and culminate in the phosphorylation and activation of a MAP kinase.
	GO:0006283	transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair	The nucleotide-excision repair process that carries out preferential repair of DNA lesions on the actively transcribed strand of the DNA duplex. In addition, the transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair pathway is required for the recognition and repair of a small subset of lesions that are not recognized by the global genome nucleotide excision repair pathway.
	GO:0007179	transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0019985	translesion synthesis	The replication of damaged DNA by synthesis across a lesion in the template strand; a specialized DNA polymerase or replication complex inserts a defined nucleotide across from the lesion which allows DNA synthesis to continue beyond the lesion. This process can be mutagenic depending on the damaged nucleotide and the inserted nucleotide.
	GO:0033209	tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a tumor necrosis factor to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0010992	ubiquitin recycling	Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of ubiquitin monomers and free ubiquitin chains at the level of the cell by recycling ubiquitin from proteasome-bound ubiquitinated intermediates.
	GO:0019058	viral life cycle	A set of processes which all viruses follow to ensure survival; includes attachment and entry of the virus particle, decoding of genome information, translation of viral mRNA by host ribosomes, genome replication, and assembly and release of viral particles containing the genome.
	GO:0019068	virion assembly	A late phase of the viral life cycle during which all the components necessary for the formation of a mature virion collect at a particular site in the cell and the basic structure of the virus particle is formed.
cellular component
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
	GO:0005829	cytosol	The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
	GO:0030666	endocytic vesicle membrane	The lipid bilayer surrounding an endocytic vesicle.
	GO:0010008	endosome membrane	The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome.
	GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
	GO:0005615	extracellular space	That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
	GO:0043209	myelin sheath	An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system.
	GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.
	GO:0005634	nucleus	A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
	GO:0005886	plasma membrane	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

Chain A (RL40_HUMAN | P62987)

molecular function
	GO:0005515	protein binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
	GO:0003735	structural constituent of ribosome	The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome.
biological process
	GO:0042769	DNA damage response, detection of DNA damage	The series of events required to receive a stimulus indicating DNA damage has occurred and convert it to a molecular signal.
	GO:0006977	DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest	A cascade of processes induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53, or an equivalent protein, in response to the detection of DNA damage and resulting in the stopping or reduction in rate of the cell cycle.
	GO:0038128	ERBB2 signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to a member of the ERBB family of receptors on the surface of a cell, where the signal is transmitted by ERBB2. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. ERBB2 receptors are themselves unable to bind to ligands, but act as a signal-amplifying tyrosine kinase within a heterodimeric pair.
	GO:0038095	Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the Fc portion of immunoglobulin E (IgE) to an Fc-epsilon receptor on the surface of a signal-receiving cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The Fc portion of an immunoglobulin is its C-terminal constant region.
	GO:0000086	G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle	The mitotic cell cycle transition by which a cell in G2 commits to M phase. The process begins when the kinase activity of M cyclin/CDK complex reaches a threshold high enough for the cell cycle to proceed. This is accomplished by activating a positive feedback loop that results in the accumulation of unphosphorylated and active M cyclin/CDK complex.
	GO:0007249	I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling	The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell through the I-kappaB-kinase (IKK)-dependent activation of NF-kappaB. The cascade begins with activation of a trimeric IKK complex (consisting of catalytic kinase subunits IKKalpha and/or IKKbeta, and the regulatory scaffold protein NEMO) and ends with the regulation of transcription of target genes by NF-kappaB. In a resting state, NF-kappaB dimers are bound to I-kappaB proteins, sequestering NF-kappaB in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of I-kappaB targets I-kappaB for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thus releasing the NF-kappaB dimers, which can translocate to the nucleus to bind DNA and regulate transcription.
	GO:0007254	JNK cascade	An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a JNK (a MAPK), a JNKK (a MAPKK) and a JUN3K (a MAP3K). The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell.
	GO:0000165	MAPK cascade	An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a MAPK, a MAPKK and a MAP3K. The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell.
	GO:0002755	MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor where the MyD88 adaptor molecule mediates transduction of the signal. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response.
	GO:0002756	MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor not relying on the MyD88 adaptor molecule. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response.
	GO:0038061	NIK/NF-kappaB signaling	The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell through the NIK-dependent processing and activation of NF-KappaB. Begins with activation of the NF-KappaB-inducing kinase (NIK), which in turn phosphorylates and activates IkappaB kinase alpha (IKKalpha). IKKalpha phosphorylates the NF-Kappa B2 protein (p100) leading to p100 processing and release of an active NF-KappaB (p52).
	GO:0007219	Notch signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to the receptor Notch on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0006614	SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane	The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane.
	GO:0050852	T cell receptor signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a T cell.
	GO:0035666	TRIF-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor where the TRIF adaptor mediates transduction of the signal. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response.
	GO:0016055	Wnt signaling pathway	The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state.
	GO:0060071	Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway	The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors signal via downstream effectors including C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) to modulate cytoskeletal elements and control cell polarity.
	GO:0000187	activation of MAPK activity	The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase (MAPK).
	GO:0031145	anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, with ubiquitin-protein ligation catalyzed by the anaphase-promoting complex, and mediated by the proteasome.
	GO:0044267	cellular protein metabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification.
	GO:0006464	cellular protein modification process	The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification).
	GO:0016197	endosomal transport	The directed movement of substances into, out of, or mediated by an endosome, a membrane-bounded organelle that carries materials newly ingested by endocytosis. It passes many of the materials to lysosomes for degradation.
	GO:0070987	error-free translesion synthesis	The conversion of DNA-damage induced single-stranded gaps into large molecular weight DNA after replication by using a specialized DNA polymerase or replication complex to insert a defined nucleotide across the lesion. This process does not remove the replication-blocking lesions but does not causes an increase in the endogenous mutation level. For S. cerevisiae, RAD30 encodes DNA polymerase eta, which incorporates two adenines. When incorporated across a thymine-thymine dimer, it does not increase the endogenous mutation level.
	GO:0042276	error-prone translesion synthesis	The conversion of DNA-damage induced single-stranded gaps into large molecular weight DNA after replication by using a specialized DNA polymerase or replication complex to insert a defined nucleotide across the lesion. This process does not remove the replication-blocking lesions and causes an increase in the endogenous mutation level. For example, in E. coli, a low fidelity DNA polymerase, pol V, copies lesions that block replication fork progress. This produces mutations specifically targeted to DNA template damage sites, but it can also produce mutations at undamaged sites.
	GO:0008543	fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway	The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a fibroblast growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.
	GO:0070911	global genome nucleotide-excision repair	The nucleotide-excision repair process in which DNA lesions are removed from nontranscribed strands and from transcriptionally silent regions over the entire genome.
	GO:0005978	glycogen biosynthetic process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues.
	GO:0045087	innate immune response	Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.
	GO:0036297	interstrand cross-link repair	Removal of a DNA interstrand crosslink (a covalent attachment of DNA bases on opposite strands of the DNA) and restoration of the DNA. DNA interstrand crosslinks occur when both strands of duplex DNA are covalently tethered together (e.g. by an exogenous or endogenous agent), thus preventing the strand unwinding necessary for essential DNA functions such as transcription and replication.
	GO:0075733	intracellular transport of virus	The directed movement of a virus, or part of a virus, within the host cell.
	GO:0034220	ion transmembrane transport	A process in which an ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
	GO:0016236	macroautophagy	The major inducible pathway for the general turnover of cytoplasmic constituents in eukaryotic cells, it is also responsible for the degradation of active cytoplasmic enzymes and organelles during nutrient starvation. Macroautophagy involves the formation of double-membrane-bounded autophagosomes which enclose the cytoplasmic constituent targeted for degradation in a membrane-bounded structure. Autophagosomes then fuse with a lysosome (or vacuole) releasing single-membrane-bounded autophagic bodies that are then degraded within the lysosome (or vacuole). Though once thought to be a purely non-selective process, it appears that some types of macroautophagy, e.g. macropexophagy, macromitophagy, may involve selective targeting of the targets to be degraded.
	GO:0043066	negative regulation of apoptotic process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
	GO:0090090	negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.
	GO:0042059	negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity.
	GO:0000122	negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
	GO:0030512	negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of any TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway.
	GO:0032480	negative regulation of type I interferon production	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of type I interferon production. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.
	GO:0051436	negative regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity involved in mitotic cell cycle	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin ligase activity that contributes to the mitotic cell cycle.
	GO:0000184	nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay	The nonsense-mediated decay pathway for nuclear-transcribed mRNAs degrades mRNAs in which an amino-acid codon has changed to a nonsense codon; this prevents the translation of such mRNAs into truncated, and potentially harmful, proteins.
	GO:0070423	nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing (NOD) protein.
	GO:0000715	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage recognition	The identification of lesions in DNA, such as pyrimidine-dimers, intrastrand cross-links, and bulky adducts. The wide range of substrate specificity suggests the repair complex recognizes distortions in the DNA helix.
	GO:0000717	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA duplex unwinding	The unwinding, or local denaturation, of the DNA duplex to create a bubble around the site of the DNA damage.
	GO:0006297	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA gap filling	Repair of the gap in the DNA helix by DNA polymerase and DNA ligase after the portion of the strand containing the lesion has been removed by pyrimidine-dimer repair enzymes.
	GO:0033683	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision	A process that results in the endonucleolytic cleavage of the damaged strand of DNA. The incision occurs at the junction of single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA that is formed when the DNA duplex is unwound.
	GO:0006296	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision, 5'-to lesion	The endonucleolytic cleavage of the damaged strand of DNA 5' to the site of damage. The incision occurs at the junction of single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA that is formed when the DNA duplex is unwound. The incision follows the incision formed 3' to the site of damage.
	GO:0006294	nucleotide-excision repair, preincision complex assembly	The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins on DNA to form the multiprotein complex involved in damage recognition, DNA helix unwinding, and endonucleolytic cleavage at the site of DNA damage. This assembly occurs before the phosphodiester backbone of the damaged strand is cleaved 3' and 5' of the site of DNA damage.
	GO:0043123	positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling.
	GO:0051092	positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB.
	GO:0043065	positive regulation of apoptotic process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
	GO:0090263	positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.
	GO:0002230	positive regulation of defense response to virus by host	Any host process that results in the promotion of antiviral immune response mechanisms, thereby limiting viral replication.
	GO:0045742	positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity.
	GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
	GO:0051437	positive regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity involved in regulation of mitotic cell cycle transition	Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of ubiquitin ligase activity that contributes to the regulation of the mitotic cell cycle phase transition.
	GO:0043161	proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome.
	GO:0000209	protein polyubiquitination	Addition of multiple ubiquitin groups to a protein, forming a ubiquitin chain.
	GO:0042787	protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	The process in which a ubiquitin group, or multiple groups, are covalently attached to the target protein, thereby initiating the degradation of that protein.
	GO:0006364	rRNA processing	Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules.
	GO:0043488	regulation of mRNA stability	Any process that modulates the propensity of mRNA molecules to degradation. Includes processes that both stabilize and destabilize mRNAs.
	GO:0010939	regulation of necrotic cell death	Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of necrotic cell death. Necrotic cell death is a cell death process that is morphologically characterized by a gain in cell volume (oncosis), swelling of organelles, plasma membrane rupture and subsequent loss of intracellular contents.
	GO:1901796	regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction by p53 class mediator.
	GO:0061418	regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to hypoxia	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter as a result of a hypoxia stimulus.
	GO:0010803	regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	Any process that modulates the rate or extent of the tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway. The tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of tumor necrosis factor binding to a cell surface receptor.
	GO:0032479	regulation of type I interferon production	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon type I production. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.
	GO:0002223	stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a C-type lectin receptor capable of cellular activation.
	GO:0051403	stress-activated MAPK cascade	A series of molecular signals in which a stress-activated MAP kinase cascade relays one or more of the signals; MAP kinase cascades involve at least three protein kinase activities and culminate in the phosphorylation and activation of a MAP kinase.
	GO:0006283	transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair	The nucleotide-excision repair process that carries out preferential repair of DNA lesions on the actively transcribed strand of the DNA duplex. In addition, the transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair pathway is required for the recognition and repair of a small subset of lesions that are not recognized by the global genome nucleotide excision repair pathway.
	GO:0007179	transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0006412	translation	The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA or circRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA or circRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome.
	GO:0006413	translational initiation	The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA or circRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA.
	GO:0019985	translesion synthesis	The replication of damaged DNA by synthesis across a lesion in the template strand; a specialized DNA polymerase or replication complex inserts a defined nucleotide across from the lesion which allows DNA synthesis to continue beyond the lesion. This process can be mutagenic depending on the damaged nucleotide and the inserted nucleotide.
	GO:0033209	tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a tumor necrosis factor to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0019058	viral life cycle	A set of processes which all viruses follow to ensure survival; includes attachment and entry of the virus particle, decoding of genome information, translation of viral mRNA by host ribosomes, genome replication, and assembly and release of viral particles containing the genome.
	GO:0019083	viral transcription	The process by which a viral genome, or part of a viral genome, is transcribed within the host cell.
	GO:0019068	virion assembly	A late phase of the viral life cycle during which all the components necessary for the formation of a mature virion collect at a particular site in the cell and the basic structure of the virus particle is formed.
	GO:0098792	xenophagy	The macroautophagy process in which a region of cytoplasm containing an intracellular pathogen or some part of an intracellular pathogen (e.g. viral capsid) is enclosed in a double membrane bound autophagosome, which then fuses with the lysosome leading to degradation of the contents.
cellular component
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
	GO:0005829	cytosol	The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
	GO:0022625	cytosolic large ribosomal subunit	The large subunit of a ribosome located in the cytosol.
	GO:0030666	endocytic vesicle membrane	The lipid bilayer surrounding an endocytic vesicle.
	GO:0010008	endosome membrane	The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome.
	GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
	GO:0005615	extracellular space	That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
	GO:0030529	intracellular ribonucleoprotein complex	An intracellular macromolecular complex containing both protein and RNA molecules.
	GO:0005765	lysosomal membrane	The lipid bilayer surrounding the lysosome and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm.
	GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.
	GO:0005634	nucleus	A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
	GO:0005886	plasma membrane	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
	GO:0005840	ribosome	An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins.

Chain A (RS27A_HUMAN | P62979)

molecular function
	GO:0046872	metal ion binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
	GO:0005515	protein binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
	GO:0003735	structural constituent of ribosome	The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome.
biological process
	GO:0042769	DNA damage response, detection of DNA damage	The series of events required to receive a stimulus indicating DNA damage has occurred and convert it to a molecular signal.
	GO:0006977	DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest	A cascade of processes induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53, or an equivalent protein, in response to the detection of DNA damage and resulting in the stopping or reduction in rate of the cell cycle.
	GO:0038128	ERBB2 signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to a member of the ERBB family of receptors on the surface of a cell, where the signal is transmitted by ERBB2. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. ERBB2 receptors are themselves unable to bind to ligands, but act as a signal-amplifying tyrosine kinase within a heterodimeric pair.
	GO:0038095	Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the Fc portion of immunoglobulin E (IgE) to an Fc-epsilon receptor on the surface of a signal-receiving cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The Fc portion of an immunoglobulin is its C-terminal constant region.
	GO:0000086	G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle	The mitotic cell cycle transition by which a cell in G2 commits to M phase. The process begins when the kinase activity of M cyclin/CDK complex reaches a threshold high enough for the cell cycle to proceed. This is accomplished by activating a positive feedback loop that results in the accumulation of unphosphorylated and active M cyclin/CDK complex.
	GO:0007249	I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling	The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell through the I-kappaB-kinase (IKK)-dependent activation of NF-kappaB. The cascade begins with activation of a trimeric IKK complex (consisting of catalytic kinase subunits IKKalpha and/or IKKbeta, and the regulatory scaffold protein NEMO) and ends with the regulation of transcription of target genes by NF-kappaB. In a resting state, NF-kappaB dimers are bound to I-kappaB proteins, sequestering NF-kappaB in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of I-kappaB targets I-kappaB for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thus releasing the NF-kappaB dimers, which can translocate to the nucleus to bind DNA and regulate transcription.
	GO:0007254	JNK cascade	An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a JNK (a MAPK), a JNKK (a MAPKK) and a JUN3K (a MAP3K). The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell.
	GO:0000165	MAPK cascade	An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a MAPK, a MAPKK and a MAP3K. The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell.
	GO:0002755	MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor where the MyD88 adaptor molecule mediates transduction of the signal. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response.
	GO:0002756	MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor not relying on the MyD88 adaptor molecule. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response.
	GO:0038061	NIK/NF-kappaB signaling	The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell through the NIK-dependent processing and activation of NF-KappaB. Begins with activation of the NF-KappaB-inducing kinase (NIK), which in turn phosphorylates and activates IkappaB kinase alpha (IKKalpha). IKKalpha phosphorylates the NF-Kappa B2 protein (p100) leading to p100 processing and release of an active NF-KappaB (p52).
	GO:0007219	Notch signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to the receptor Notch on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0006614	SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane	The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane.
	GO:0050852	T cell receptor signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a T cell.
	GO:0035666	TRIF-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor where the TRIF adaptor mediates transduction of the signal. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response.
	GO:0016055	Wnt signaling pathway	The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state.
	GO:0060071	Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway	The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors signal via downstream effectors including C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) to modulate cytoskeletal elements and control cell polarity.
	GO:0000187	activation of MAPK activity	The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase (MAPK).
	GO:0031145	anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, with ubiquitin-protein ligation catalyzed by the anaphase-promoting complex, and mediated by the proteasome.
	GO:0044267	cellular protein metabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification.
	GO:0016197	endosomal transport	The directed movement of substances into, out of, or mediated by an endosome, a membrane-bounded organelle that carries materials newly ingested by endocytosis. It passes many of the materials to lysosomes for degradation.
	GO:0070987	error-free translesion synthesis	The conversion of DNA-damage induced single-stranded gaps into large molecular weight DNA after replication by using a specialized DNA polymerase or replication complex to insert a defined nucleotide across the lesion. This process does not remove the replication-blocking lesions but does not causes an increase in the endogenous mutation level. For S. cerevisiae, RAD30 encodes DNA polymerase eta, which incorporates two adenines. When incorporated across a thymine-thymine dimer, it does not increase the endogenous mutation level.
	GO:0042276	error-prone translesion synthesis	The conversion of DNA-damage induced single-stranded gaps into large molecular weight DNA after replication by using a specialized DNA polymerase or replication complex to insert a defined nucleotide across the lesion. This process does not remove the replication-blocking lesions and causes an increase in the endogenous mutation level. For example, in E. coli, a low fidelity DNA polymerase, pol V, copies lesions that block replication fork progress. This produces mutations specifically targeted to DNA template damage sites, but it can also produce mutations at undamaged sites.
	GO:0008543	fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway	The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a fibroblast growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.
	GO:0070911	global genome nucleotide-excision repair	The nucleotide-excision repair process in which DNA lesions are removed from nontranscribed strands and from transcriptionally silent regions over the entire genome.
	GO:0005978	glycogen biosynthetic process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues.
	GO:0045087	innate immune response	Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.
	GO:0036297	interstrand cross-link repair	Removal of a DNA interstrand crosslink (a covalent attachment of DNA bases on opposite strands of the DNA) and restoration of the DNA. DNA interstrand crosslinks occur when both strands of duplex DNA are covalently tethered together (e.g. by an exogenous or endogenous agent), thus preventing the strand unwinding necessary for essential DNA functions such as transcription and replication.
	GO:0075733	intracellular transport of virus	The directed movement of a virus, or part of a virus, within the host cell.
	GO:0034220	ion transmembrane transport	A process in which an ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
	GO:0016236	macroautophagy	The major inducible pathway for the general turnover of cytoplasmic constituents in eukaryotic cells, it is also responsible for the degradation of active cytoplasmic enzymes and organelles during nutrient starvation. Macroautophagy involves the formation of double-membrane-bounded autophagosomes which enclose the cytoplasmic constituent targeted for degradation in a membrane-bounded structure. Autophagosomes then fuse with a lysosome (or vacuole) releasing single-membrane-bounded autophagic bodies that are then degraded within the lysosome (or vacuole). Though once thought to be a purely non-selective process, it appears that some types of macroautophagy, e.g. macropexophagy, macromitophagy, may involve selective targeting of the targets to be degraded.
	GO:0043066	negative regulation of apoptotic process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
	GO:0090090	negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.
	GO:0042059	negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity.
	GO:0000122	negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
	GO:0030512	negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of any TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway.
	GO:0032480	negative regulation of type I interferon production	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of type I interferon production. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.
	GO:0051436	negative regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity involved in mitotic cell cycle	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin ligase activity that contributes to the mitotic cell cycle.
	GO:0000184	nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay	The nonsense-mediated decay pathway for nuclear-transcribed mRNAs degrades mRNAs in which an amino-acid codon has changed to a nonsense codon; this prevents the translation of such mRNAs into truncated, and potentially harmful, proteins.
	GO:0070423	nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing (NOD) protein.
	GO:0000715	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage recognition	The identification of lesions in DNA, such as pyrimidine-dimers, intrastrand cross-links, and bulky adducts. The wide range of substrate specificity suggests the repair complex recognizes distortions in the DNA helix.
	GO:0000717	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA duplex unwinding	The unwinding, or local denaturation, of the DNA duplex to create a bubble around the site of the DNA damage.
	GO:0006297	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA gap filling	Repair of the gap in the DNA helix by DNA polymerase and DNA ligase after the portion of the strand containing the lesion has been removed by pyrimidine-dimer repair enzymes.
	GO:0033683	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision	A process that results in the endonucleolytic cleavage of the damaged strand of DNA. The incision occurs at the junction of single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA that is formed when the DNA duplex is unwound.
	GO:0006296	nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision, 5'-to lesion	The endonucleolytic cleavage of the damaged strand of DNA 5' to the site of damage. The incision occurs at the junction of single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA that is formed when the DNA duplex is unwound. The incision follows the incision formed 3' to the site of damage.
	GO:0006294	nucleotide-excision repair, preincision complex assembly	The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins on DNA to form the multiprotein complex involved in damage recognition, DNA helix unwinding, and endonucleolytic cleavage at the site of DNA damage. This assembly occurs before the phosphodiester backbone of the damaged strand is cleaved 3' and 5' of the site of DNA damage.
	GO:0043123	positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling.
	GO:0051092	positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB.
	GO:0043065	positive regulation of apoptotic process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
	GO:0090263	positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.
	GO:0045742	positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity.
	GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
	GO:0051437	positive regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity involved in regulation of mitotic cell cycle transition	Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of ubiquitin ligase activity that contributes to the regulation of the mitotic cell cycle phase transition.
	GO:0043161	proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome.
	GO:0000209	protein polyubiquitination	Addition of multiple ubiquitin groups to a protein, forming a ubiquitin chain.
	GO:0042787	protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	The process in which a ubiquitin group, or multiple groups, are covalently attached to the target protein, thereby initiating the degradation of that protein.
	GO:0006364	rRNA processing	Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules.
	GO:0043488	regulation of mRNA stability	Any process that modulates the propensity of mRNA molecules to degradation. Includes processes that both stabilize and destabilize mRNAs.
	GO:0010939	regulation of necrotic cell death	Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of necrotic cell death. Necrotic cell death is a cell death process that is morphologically characterized by a gain in cell volume (oncosis), swelling of organelles, plasma membrane rupture and subsequent loss of intracellular contents.
	GO:1901796	regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction by p53 class mediator.
	GO:0061418	regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to hypoxia	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter as a result of a hypoxia stimulus.
	GO:0010803	regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	Any process that modulates the rate or extent of the tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway. The tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of tumor necrosis factor binding to a cell surface receptor.
	GO:0032479	regulation of type I interferon production	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon type I production. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.
	GO:0002223	stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway	Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a C-type lectin receptor capable of cellular activation.
	GO:0051403	stress-activated MAPK cascade	A series of molecular signals in which a stress-activated MAP kinase cascade relays one or more of the signals; MAP kinase cascades involve at least three protein kinase activities and culminate in the phosphorylation and activation of a MAP kinase.
	GO:0006283	transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair	The nucleotide-excision repair process that carries out preferential repair of DNA lesions on the actively transcribed strand of the DNA duplex. In addition, the transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair pathway is required for the recognition and repair of a small subset of lesions that are not recognized by the global genome nucleotide excision repair pathway.
	GO:0007179	transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0006412	translation	The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA or circRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA or circRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome.
	GO:0006413	translational initiation	The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA or circRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA.
	GO:0019985	translesion synthesis	The replication of damaged DNA by synthesis across a lesion in the template strand; a specialized DNA polymerase or replication complex inserts a defined nucleotide across from the lesion which allows DNA synthesis to continue beyond the lesion. This process can be mutagenic depending on the damaged nucleotide and the inserted nucleotide.
	GO:0033209	tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a tumor necrosis factor to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0019058	viral life cycle	A set of processes which all viruses follow to ensure survival; includes attachment and entry of the virus particle, decoding of genome information, translation of viral mRNA by host ribosomes, genome replication, and assembly and release of viral particles containing the genome.
	GO:0019083	viral transcription	The process by which a viral genome, or part of a viral genome, is transcribed within the host cell.
	GO:0019068	virion assembly	A late phase of the viral life cycle during which all the components necessary for the formation of a mature virion collect at a particular site in the cell and the basic structure of the virus particle is formed.
cellular component
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
	GO:0005829	cytosol	The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
	GO:0022627	cytosolic small ribosomal subunit	The small subunit of a ribosome located in the cytosol.
	GO:0030666	endocytic vesicle membrane	The lipid bilayer surrounding an endocytic vesicle.
	GO:0010008	endosome membrane	The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome.
	GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
	GO:0005615	extracellular space	That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
	GO:0030529	intracellular ribonucleoprotein complex	An intracellular macromolecular complex containing both protein and RNA molecules.
	GO:0016020	membrane	A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
	GO:0005730	nucleolus	A small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is rich in RNA and protein, is not bounded by a limiting membrane, and is not seen during mitosis. Its prime function is the transcription of the nucleolar DNA into 45S ribosomal-precursor RNA, the processing of this RNA into 5.8S, 18S, and 28S components of ribosomal RNA, and the association of these components with 5S RNA and proteins synthesized outside the nucleolus. This association results in the formation of ribonucleoprotein precursors; these pass into the cytoplasm and mature into the 40S and 60S subunits of the ribosome.
	GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.
	GO:0005634	nucleus	A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
	GO:0005886	plasma membrane	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
	GO:0005840	ribosome	An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins.
	GO:0015935	small ribosomal subunit	The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome.

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