1I7X - JenaLib

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)

molecular function
	GO:0003677	DNA binding	Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively and non-covalently with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
	GO:0070411	I-SMAD binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an inhibitory SMAD signaling protein.
	GO:0070412	R-SMAD binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a receptor-regulated SMAD signaling protein.
	GO:0001102	RNA polymerase II activating transcription factor binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II transcription activating factor, a protein involved in positive regulation of transcription.
	GO:0001085	RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription by RNA polymerase II.
	GO:0046332	SMAD binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a SMAD signaling protein.
	GO:0045294	alpha-catenin binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the alpha subunit of the catenin complex.
	GO:0045296	cadherin binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with cadherin, a type I membrane protein involved in cell adhesion.
	GO:0003682	chromatin binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chromatin, the network of fibers of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that make up the chromosomes of the eukaryotic nucleus during interphase.
	GO:0003690	double-stranded DNA binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded DNA.
	GO:0019899	enzyme binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any enzyme.
	GO:0030331	estrogen receptor binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an estrogen receptor.
	GO:1990188	euchromatin binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with euchromatin, a dispersed and relatively uncompacted form of chromatin.
	GO:1990226	histone methyltransferase binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a histone methyltransferase enzyme.
	GO:0044325	ion channel binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on an ion channel, a protein complex that spans a membrane and forms a water-filled channel across the phospholipid bilayer allowing selective ion transport down its electrochemical gradient.
	GO:0035255	ionotropic glutamate receptor binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an ionotropic glutamate receptor. Ionotropic glutamate receptors bind glutamate and exert an effect through the regulation of ion channels.
	GO:0019900	kinase binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group.
	GO:0050998	nitric-oxide synthase binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the enzyme nitric-oxide synthase.
	GO:0035257	nuclear hormone receptor binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nuclear hormone receptor, a ligand-dependent receptor found in the nucleus of the cell.
	GO:0008022	protein C-terminus binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein C-terminus, the end of any peptide chain at which the 1-carboxy function of a constituent amino acid is not attached in peptide linkage to another amino-acid residue.
	GO:0005515	protein binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
	GO:0032403	protein complex binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
	GO:0019901	protein kinase binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate.
	GO:0019903	protein phosphatase binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein phosphatase.
	GO:0070491	repressing transcription factor binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription repressor, any protein whose activity is required to prevent or downregulate transcription.
	GO:0004871	signal transducer activity	Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response.
	GO:0003713	transcription coactivator activity	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a activating transcription factor and also with the basal transcription machinery in order to increase the frequency, rate or extent of transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind the template nucleic acid, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between activating transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery.
	GO:0003700	transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex.
	GO:0008134	transcription factor binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription.
	GO:0044212	transcription regulatory region DNA binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a DNA region that regulates the transcription of a region of DNA, which may be a gene, cistron, or operon. Binding may occur as a sequence specific interaction or as an interaction observed only once a factor has been recruited to the DNA by other factors.
biological process
	GO:0014010	Schwann cell proliferation	The multiplication or reproduction of Schwann cells, resulting in the expansion of their population. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell in the peripheral nervous system.
	GO:0030217	T cell differentiation	The process in which a precursor cell type acquires characteristics of a more mature T-cell. A T cell is a type of lymphocyte whose definin characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex.
	GO:0033077	T cell differentiation in thymus	The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a T cell via a differentiation pathway dependent upon transit through the thymus.
	GO:0016055	Wnt signaling pathway	The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state.
	GO:0034333	adherens junction assembly	The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an adherens junction. An adherens junction is a cell junction at which the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane is attached to actin filaments.
	GO:0034332	adherens junction organization	A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an adherens junction. An adherens junction is a cell junction at which the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane is attached to actin filaments.
	GO:0048513	animal organ development	Development of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Development pertains to the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a structure over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions.
	GO:0009948	anterior/posterior axis specification	The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the anterior/posterior axis. The anterior-posterior axis is defined by a line that runs from the head or mouth of an organism to the tail or opposite end of the organism.
	GO:1904886	beta-catenin destruction complex disassembly	The disaggregation of a beta-catenin destruction complex into its constituent components.
	GO:0045453	bone resorption	The process in which specialized cells known as osteoclasts degrade the organic and inorganic portions of bone, and endocytose and transport the degradation products.
	GO:0001569	branching involved in blood vessel morphogenesis	The process of coordinated growth and sprouting of blood vessels giving rise to the organized vascular system.
	GO:0001658	branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis	The process in which the branching structure of the ureteric bud is generated and organized. The ureteric bud is an epithelial tube that grows out from the metanephric duct. The bud elongates and branches to give rise to the ureter and kidney collecting tubules.
	GO:0060070	canonical Wnt signaling pathway	The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes. In this pathway, the activated receptor signals via downstream effectors that result in the inhibition of beta-catenin phosphorylation, thereby preventing degradation of beta-catenin. Stabilized beta-catenin can then accumulate and travel to the nucleus to trigger changes in transcription of target genes.
	GO:0044336	canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in negative regulation of apoptotic process	The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes involved in the negative regulation of apoptotic process.
	GO:0061324	canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in positive regulation of cardiac outflow tract cell proliferation	The canonical Wnt signaling pathway that contributes to the modulation of the expansion of a population of cardiac outflow tract cells.
	GO:0044334	canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition	The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes involved in the positive regulation of epithelial cell to mesenchymal cell transition.
	GO:0060038	cardiac muscle cell proliferation	The expansion of a cardiac muscle cell population by cell division.
	GO:0060947	cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell. A cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell covers the heart vasculature and lacks transverse striations in its constituent fibers.
	GO:0007155	cell adhesion	The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules.
	GO:0030154	cell differentiation	The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state.
	GO:0001709	cell fate determination	A process involved in cell fate commitment. Once determination has taken place, a cell becomes committed to differentiate down a particular pathway regardless of its environment.
	GO:0001708	cell fate specification	The process involved in the specification of cell identity. Once specification has taken place, a cell will be committed to differentiate down a specific pathway if left in its normal environment.
	GO:0048469	cell maturation	A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a cell to attain its fully functional state.
	GO:0000904	cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation	The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs when relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history.
	GO:0008283	cell proliferation	The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.
	GO:0007160	cell-matrix adhesion	The binding of a cell to the extracellular matrix via adhesion molecules.
	GO:0009987	cellular process	Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level.
	GO:0034613	cellular protein localization	Any process in which a protein is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location at the level of a cell. Localization at the cellular level encompasses movement within the cell, from within the cell to the cell surface, or from one location to another at the surface of a cell.
	GO:0044344	cellular response to fibroblast growth factor stimulus	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an fibroblast growth factor stimulus.
	GO:0071363	cellular response to growth factor stimulus	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus.
	GO:0071681	cellular response to indole-3-methanol	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an indole-3-methanol stimulus.
	GO:1990314	cellular response to insulin-like growth factor stimulus	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin-like growth factor stimulus.
	GO:0071285	cellular response to lithium ion	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lithium (Li+) ion stimulus.
	GO:0071260	cellular response to mechanical stimulus	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus.
	GO:0022009	central nervous system vasculogenesis	The differentiation of endothelial cells from progenitor cells during blood vessel development, and the de novo formation of blood vessels and tubes in the central nervous system. The capillary endothelial cells in the brain are specialized to form the blood-brain barrier.
	GO:0007268	chemical synaptic transmission	The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
	GO:0048096	chromatin-mediated maintenance of transcription	Maintenance of transcription by remodelling of chromatin into an 'open configuration'. Once established, this regulation is mitotically stable and is maintained over many cell divisions. It is also heritable.
	GO:0060982	coronary artery morphogenesis	The process in which the anatomical structures of coronary arteries are generated and organized. Coronary arteries are blood vessels that transport blood to the heart muscle.
	GO:0061550	cranial ganglion development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cranial ganglion over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
	GO:1904888	cranial skeletal system development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cranial skeletal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cranial skeletal system is the skeletal subdivision of the head, and includes the skull (cranium plus mandible), pharyngeal and/or hyoid apparatus.
	GO:1990791	dorsal root ganglion development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a dorsal root ganglion over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
	GO:0009950	dorsal/ventral axis specification	The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the dorsal/ventral axis. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism.
	GO:0009953	dorsal/ventral pattern formation	The regionalization process in which the areas along the dorsal/ventral axis are established that will lead to differences in cell differentiation. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism.
	GO:0007398	ectoderm development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ectoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In animal embryos, the ectoderm is the outer germ layer of the embryo, formed during gastrulation.
	GO:0000578	embryonic axis specification	The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of a pattern along a line or a point in an embryo.
	GO:1990403	embryonic brain development	The process occurring during the embryonic phase whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
	GO:0042733	embryonic digit morphogenesis	The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the digit are generated and organized. A digit is one of the terminal divisions of an appendage, such as a finger or toe.
	GO:0048617	embryonic foregut morphogenesis	The process in which the anatomical structures of the foregut are generated and organized, during the embryonic phase.
	GO:0035115	embryonic forelimb morphogenesis	The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the forelimb are generated and organized. The forelimbs are the front limbs of an animal, e.g. the arms of a human.
	GO:0035050	embryonic heart tube development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryonic heart tube over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The heart tube forms as the heart rudiment from the heart field.
	GO:0035116	embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis	The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the hindlimbs are generated and organized. The hindlimbs are the posterior limbs of an animal.
	GO:0036023	embryonic skeletal limb joint morphogenesis	The process, occurring in the embryo, in which the anatomical structures of a skeletal limb joint are generated and organized. A skeletal limb joint is the connecting structure between the bones of a limb.
	GO:0001706	endoderm formation	The formation of the endoderm during gastrulation.
	GO:0001711	endodermal cell fate commitment	The cell differentiation process that results in commitment of a cell to become part of the endoderm.
	GO:0061154	endothelial tube morphogenesis	The process in which the anatomical structures of a tube are generated and organized from an endothelium. Endothelium refers to the layer of cells lining blood vessels, lymphatics, the heart, and serous cavities, and is derived from bone marrow or mesoderm. Corneal endothelium is a special case, derived from neural crest cells.
	GO:0060983	epicardium-derived cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell derived from the epicardium acquires specialized features of a cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell. A cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell covers the heart vasculature and lacks transverse striations in its constituent fibers.
	GO:0060742	epithelial cell differentiation involved in prostate gland development	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epithelial cell of the prostate gland.
	GO:0060441	epithelial tube branching involved in lung morphogenesis	The process in which a highly ordered sequence of patterning events generates the branched epithelial tubes of the lung, consisting of reiterated combinations of bud outgrowth, elongation, and dichotomous subdivision of terminal units.
	GO:0030900	forebrain development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the forebrain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The forebrain is the anterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes especially the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus and especially in higher vertebrates is the main control center for sensory and associative information processing, visceral functions, and voluntary motor functions).
	GO:0061198	fungiform papilla formation	The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a spongiform papilla from unspecified parts. The fungiform papilla is a mushroom-shaped papilla of the tongue.
	GO:0001702	gastrulation with mouth forming second	A gastrulation process in which the initial invagination becomes the anus and the mouth forms second.
	GO:0035112	genitalia morphogenesis	The process in which the anatomical structures of genitalia are generated and organized. The genitalia are the organs of reproduction or generation, external and internal.
	GO:0007403	glial cell fate determination	The cell fate determination process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a glial cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed.
	GO:0022405	hair cycle process	A multicellular organismal process involved in the cyclical phases of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), quiescence (telogen), and shedding (exogen) in the life of a hair; one of the collection or mass of filaments growing from the skin of an animal, and forming a covering for a part of the head or for any part or the whole of the body.
	GO:0031069	hair follicle morphogenesis	The process in which the anatomical structures of the hair follicle are generated and organized.
	GO:0060789	hair follicle placode formation	The developmental process in which a hair placode forms. An hair follicle placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the hair follicle bud.
	GO:0007507	heart development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the heart over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood.
	GO:0030097	hemopoiesis	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the myeloid and lymphoid derived organ/tissue systems of the blood and other parts of the body over time, from formation to the mature structure. The site of hemopoiesis is variable during development, but occurs primarily in bone marrow or kidney in many adult vertebrates.
	GO:0030902	hindbrain development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hindbrain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The hindbrain is the posterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain, or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes the cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata and controls the autonomic functions and equilibrium).
	GO:0001701	in utero embryonic development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo in the uterus over time, from formation of the zygote in the oviduct, to birth. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.
	GO:0001822	kidney development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The kidney is an organ that filters the blood and/or excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine.
	GO:0021819	layer formation in cerebral cortex	The detachment of cells from radial glial fibers at the appropriate time when they cease to migrate and form distinct layer in the cerebral cortex.
	GO:0002089	lens morphogenesis in camera-type eye	The process in which the anatomical structures of the lens are generated and organized. The lens is a transparent structure in the eye through which light is focused onto the retina. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.
	GO:0060173	limb development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A limb is an appendage of an animal used for locomotion or grasping. Examples include legs, arms or some types of fin.
	GO:0001889	liver development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the liver over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The liver is an exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes.
	GO:0060479	lung cell differentiation	The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of a mature cell found in the lung. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate.
	GO:0030324	lung development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lung over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In all air-breathing vertebrates the lungs are developed from the ventral wall of the oesophagus as a pouch which divides into two sacs. In amphibians and many reptiles the lungs retain very nearly this primitive sac-like character, but in the higher forms the connection with the esophagus becomes elongated into the windpipe and the inner walls of the sacs become more and more divided, until, in the mammals, the air spaces become minutely divided into tubes ending in small air cells, in the walls of which the blood circulates in a fine network of capillaries. In mammals the lungs are more or less divided into lobes, and each lung occupies a separate cavity in the thorax.
	GO:0060492	lung induction	The close range interaction of two or more cells or tissues that causes the cells of the foregut to change their fates and specify the development of the lung.
	GO:0060484	lung-associated mesenchyme development	The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lung-associated mesenchyme from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of lung-associated mesenchyme and ends with the mature structure. Lung-associated mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the lung.
	GO:0030539	male genitalia development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the male genitalia over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
	GO:0060916	mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development	The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a mesenchymal cell population that contributes to the progression of the lung over time. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets.
	GO:0060485	mesenchyme development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesenchymal tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A mesenchymal tissue is made up of loosely packed stellate cells.
	GO:0072132	mesenchyme morphogenesis	The process in which the anatomical structures of a mesenchymal tissue are generated and organized. A mesenchymal tissue is made up of loosely packed stellate cells.
	GO:0003338	metanephros morphogenesis	The process in which the anatomical structures of the metanephros are generated and organized.
	GO:0030901	midbrain development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the midbrain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The midbrain is the middle division of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes a ventral part containing the cerebral peduncles and a dorsal tectum containing the corpora quadrigemina and that surrounds the aqueduct of Sylvius connecting the third and fourth ventricles).
	GO:1904948	midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a midbrain dopaminergic neuron.
	GO:0007494	midgut development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the midgut over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The midgut is the middle part of the alimentary canal from the stomach, or entrance of the bile duct, to, or including, the large intestine.
	GO:0016331	morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium	The process in which the anatomical structures of embryonic epithelia are generated and organized.
	GO:0045445	myoblast differentiation	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myoblast. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into striated muscle fibers.
	GO:2001234	negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway.
	GO:0045596	negative regulation of cell differentiation	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation.
	GO:0008285	negative regulation of cell proliferation	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
	GO:0032331	negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chondrocyte differentiation.
	GO:0010629	negative regulation of gene expression	Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
	GO:0003340	negative regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis	Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity,forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the metanephros.
	GO:0045976	negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle, embryonic	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of progression through the embryonic mitotic cell cycle.
	GO:1901215	negative regulation of neuron death	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron death.
	GO:0048715	negative regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte differentiation.
	GO:0045671	negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast differentiation.
	GO:0033234	negative regulation of protein sumoylation	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of SUMO groups to a protein.
	GO:0000122	negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
	GO:0045892	negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
	GO:0072079	nephron tubule formation	The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a nephron tubule from unspecified parts. A nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the nephron, the functional part of the kidney.
	GO:0007399	nervous system development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state.
	GO:0001840	neural plate development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the neural plate over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The neural plate is a flat, thickened layer of ectodermal cells. The underlying dorsal mesoderm signals the ectodermal cells above it to elongate into columnar neural plate cells. The neural plate subsequently develops into the neural tube, which gives rise to the central nervous system.
	GO:0030182	neuron differentiation	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron.
	GO:0001764	neuron migration	The characteristic movement of an immature neuron from germinal zones to specific positions where they will reside as they mature.
	GO:0042475	odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a dentin-containing tooth over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A dentin-containing tooth is a hard, bony organ borne on the jaw or other bone of a vertebrate, and is composed mainly of dentin, a dense calcified substance, covered by a layer of enamel.
	GO:0048599	oocyte development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an oocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.
	GO:0030316	osteoclast differentiation	The process in which a relatively unspecialized monocyte acquires the specialized features of an osteoclast. An osteoclast is a specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue.
	GO:0060066	oviduct development	The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of an oviduct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An oviduct is a tube through which an ova passes from the ovary to the uterus, or from the ovary to the outside of the organism.
	GO:0031016	pancreas development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pancreas over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pancreas is an endoderm derived structure that produces precursors of digestive enzymes and blood glucose regulating enzymes.
	GO:2000144	positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription, initiation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-templated transcription initiation.
	GO:0043123	positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling.
	GO:0043410	positive regulation of MAPK cascade	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the MAPK cascade.
	GO:0043065	positive regulation of apoptotic process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
	GO:0061047	positive regulation of branching involved in lung morphogenesis	Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the process in which a highly ordered sequence of patterning events generates the branched structures of the lung, consisting of reiterated combinations of bud outgrowth, elongation, and dichotomous subdivision of terminal units.
	GO:0008284	positive regulation of cell proliferation	Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
	GO:1904501	positive regulation of chromatin-mediated maintenance of transcription	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chromatin-mediated maintenance of transcription.
	GO:2000017	positive regulation of determination of dorsal identity	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of determination of dorsal identity.
	GO:0045603	positive regulation of endothelial cell differentiation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell differentiation.
	GO:0030858	positive regulation of epithelial cell differentiation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell differentiation.
	GO:0060769	positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development	Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of epithelial cell proliferation that contributes to the progression of the prostate gland over time.
	GO:0010718	positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition	Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition is where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell.
	GO:0045743	positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity.
	GO:0010628	positive regulation of gene expression	Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
	GO:0010909	positive regulation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process	Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthesis. Heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the heparan sulfate proteoglycan, a glycosaminoglycan with repeat unit consisting of alternating alpha-(1->4)-linked hexuronic acid and glucosamine residues.
	GO:0002053	positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation	The process of activating or increasing the rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation. Mesenchymal cells are loosely organized embryonic cells.
	GO:0002052	positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation	Any process that activates or increases the rate of neuroblast proliferation.
	GO:0043525	positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death of neurons by apoptotic process.
	GO:0045669	positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of osteoblast differentiation.
	GO:0051091	positive regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription.
	GO:0048643	positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development	Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of skeletal muscle tissue development.
	GO:0051973	positive regulation of telomerase activity	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of telomerase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1).
	GO:0032212	positive regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of telomeric repeats by telomerase.
	GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
	GO:0045893	positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
	GO:0051291	protein heterooligomerization	The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of component monomers that are not all identical. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer.
	GO:0034394	protein localization to cell surface	A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.
	GO:0009954	proximal/distal pattern formation	The regionalization process in which specific areas of cell differentiation are determined along a proximal/distal axis. The proximal/distal axis is defined by a line that runs from main body (proximal end) of an organism outward (distal end).
	GO:0042129	regulation of T cell proliferation	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell proliferation.
	GO:0042981	regulation of apoptotic process	Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process.
	GO:0090279	regulation of calcium ion import	Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into a cell or organelle.
	GO:0045595	regulation of cell differentiation	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation, the process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and functional features.
	GO:0042127	regulation of cell proliferation	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation.
	GO:0030997	regulation of centriole-centriole cohesion	Any process that modulates the extent to which the two centrioles within a centrosome remain tightly paired; may be mediated by the assembly and disassembly of a proteinaceous linker.
	GO:0070602	regulation of centromeric sister chromatid cohesion	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sister chromatid cohesion in the centromeric region of a chromosome.
	GO:1904499	regulation of chromatin-mediated maintenance of transcription	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chromatin-mediated maintenance of transcription.
	GO:1904796	regulation of core promoter binding	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of core promoter binding.
	GO:0030856	regulation of epithelial cell differentiation	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell differentiation.
	GO:1904793	regulation of euchromatin binding	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of euchromatin binding.
	GO:0010468	regulation of gene expression	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
	GO:0051569	regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent addition of a methyl group to the lysine at position 4 of histone H3.
	GO:1904173	regulation of histone demethylase activity (H3-K4 specific)	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of histone demethylase activity (H3-K4 specific).
	GO:0031641	regulation of myelination	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a myelin sheath around nerve axons.
	GO:0072182	regulation of nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation.
	GO:0045667	regulation of osteoblast differentiation	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of osteoblast differentiation.
	GO:0045670	regulation of osteoclast differentiation	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast differentiation.
	GO:2000008	regulation of protein localization to cell surface	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to the cell surface.
	GO:0003266	regulation of secondary heart field cardioblast proliferation	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast proliferation in the second heart field. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating. The secondary heart field is the region of the heart that will form the majority of the mesodermal component of the right ventricle, the arterial pole (outflow tract) and the venous pole (inflow tract).
	GO:0048660	regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation.
	GO:0006357	regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
	GO:0006355	regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
	GO:0072053	renal inner medulla development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the renal inner medulla over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The renal inner medulla is unique to mammalian kidneys and is the innermost region of the mammalian kidney.
	GO:0072054	renal outer medulla development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the renal outer medulla over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The renal outer medulla is the region of the kidney that lies between the renal cortex and the renal inner medulla.
	GO:0072001	renal system development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the renal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The renal system maintains fluid balance and contributes to electrolyte balance, acid/base balance, and disposal of nitrogenous waste products. In humans, the renal system comprises a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, urinary bladder, urethra, sphincter muscle and associated blood vessels.
	GO:0072033	renal vesicle formation	The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the renal vesicle from condensed mesenchymal cells. The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells.
	GO:0014823	response to activity	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an activity stimulus.
	GO:0046686	response to cadmium ion	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cadmium (Cd) ion stimulus.
	GO:0034097	response to cytokine	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cytokine stimulus.
	GO:0042493	response to drug	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease.
	GO:0032355	response to estradiol	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by estradiol, a C18 steroid hormone hydroxylated at C3 and C17 that acts as a potent estrogen.
	GO:0043627	response to estrogen	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by an estrogen, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics.
	GO:0009725	response to hormone	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hormone stimulus.
	GO:0014070	response to organic cyclic compound	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus.
	GO:0016337	single organismal cell-cell adhesion	The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules, where both cells are part of the same organism.
	GO:0001501	skeletal system development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skeleton over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skeleton is the bony framework of the body in vertebrates (endoskeleton) or the hard outer envelope of insects (exoskeleton or dermoskeleton).
	GO:0043588	skin development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skin over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skin is the external membranous integument of an animal. In vertebrates the skin generally consists of two layers, an outer nonsensitive and nonvascular epidermis (cuticle or skarfskin) composed of cells which are constantly growing and multiplying in the deeper, and being thrown off in the superficial layers, as well as an inner vascular dermis (cutis, corium or true skin) composed mostly of connective tissue.
	GO:0051145	smooth muscle cell differentiation	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a smooth muscle cell; smooth muscle lacks transverse striations in its constituent fibers and are almost always involuntary.
	GO:0019827	stem cell population maintenance	The process by which an organism or tissue maintains a population of stem cells of a single type. This can be achieved by a number of mechanisms: stem cell asymmetric division maintains stem cell numbers; stem cell symmetric division increases them; maintenance of a stem cell niche maintains the conditions for commitment to the stem cell fate for some types of stem cell; stem cells may arise de novo from other cell types.
	GO:0061549	sympathetic ganglion development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a sympathetic ganglion over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
	GO:0050808	synapse organization	A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a synapse, the junction between a neuron and a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell).
	GO:0048489	synaptic vesicle transport	The directed movement of synaptic vesicles.
	GO:0048538	thymus development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the thymus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The thymus is a symmetric bi-lobed organ involved primarily in the differentiation of immature to mature T cells, with unique vascular, nervous, epithelial, and lymphoid cell components.
	GO:0060440	trachea formation	The process pertaining to the initial formation of a trachea from unspecified parts. The process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the trachea is recognizable. The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches.
	GO:0060439	trachea morphogenesis	The process in which a trachea is generated and organized. The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches.
	GO:0006351	transcription, DNA-templated	The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA.
	GO:0001944	vasculature development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the vasculature over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The vasculature is an interconnected tubular multi-tissue structure that contains fluid that is actively transported around the organism.
	GO:0001570	vasculogenesis	The differentiation of endothelial cells from progenitor cells during blood vessel development, and the de novo formation of blood vessels and tubes.
	GO:0003223	ventricular compact myocardium morphogenesis	The process in which the anatomical structures of the compact cardiac ventricle muscle are generated and organized.
cellular component
	GO:0034750	Scrib-APC-beta-catenin complex	A protein complex that contains the Scribble protein (a cell polarity determinant), the tumor suppressor protein adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), and beta-catenin; may be involved in the control of cell proliferation.
	GO:1990909	Wnt signalosome	A multiprotein protein complex containing membrane-localized Wnt receptors and cytosolic protein complexes, which is capable of transmitting the Wnt signal. Contains at least a Wnt protein, LRP5 or LRP6, a member of the Frizzled (Fz) family, Axin and and a Dishevelled (DVL) protein.
	GO:0030018	Z disc	Platelike region of a muscle sarcomere to which the plus ends of actin filaments are attached.
	GO:0005912	adherens junction	A cell junction at which anchoring proteins (cadherins or integrins) extend through the plasma membrane and are attached to actin filaments.
	GO:0043296	apical junction complex	A functional unit located near the cell apex at the points of contact between epithelial cells, which in vertebrates is composed of the tight junction, the zonula adherens, and desmosomes and in some invertebrates, such as Drosophila, is composed of the subapical complex (SAC), the zonula adherens and the septate junction. Functions in the regulation of cell polarity, tissue integrity and intercellular adhesion and permeability.
	GO:0045177	apical part of cell	The region of a polarized cell that forms a tip or is distal to a base. For example, in a polarized epithelial cell, the apical region has an exposed surface and lies opposite to the basal lamina that separates the epithelium from other tissue.
	GO:0016323	basolateral plasma membrane	The region of the plasma membrane that includes the basal end and sides of the cell. Often used in reference to animal polarized epithelial membranes, where the basal membrane is the part attached to the extracellular matrix, or in plant cells, where the basal membrane is defined with respect to the zygotic axis.
	GO:0030877	beta-catenin destruction complex	A cytoplasmic protein complex containing glycogen synthase kinase-3-beta (GSK-3-beta), the adenomatous polyposis coli protein (APC), and the scaffolding protein axin, among others; phosphorylates beta-catenin, targets it for degradation by the proteasome.
	GO:1990907	beta-catenin-TCF complex	A protein complex that contains beta-catenin and a member of the T-cell factor (TCF)/lymphoid enhancer binding factor (LEF) family of transcription factors.
	GO:0070369	beta-catenin-TCF7L2 complex	A protein complex that contains beta-catenin and TCF7L2 (TCF4), binds to the TCF DNA motif within a promoter element, and is involved in the regulation of WNT target gene transcription.
	GO:0005923	bicellular tight junction	An occluding cell-cell junction that is composed of a branching network of sealing strands that completely encircles the apical end of each cell in an epithelial sheet; the outer leaflets of the two interacting plasma membranes are seen to be tightly apposed where sealing strands are present. Each sealing strand is composed of a long row of transmembrane adhesion proteins embedded in each of the two interacting plasma membranes.
	GO:0016342	catenin complex	Complex of peripheral cytoplasmic proteins (alpha-, beta- and gamma-catenin) that interact with the cytoplasmic region of uvomorulin/E-cadherin to connect it to the actin cytoskeleton.
	GO:0071664	catenin-TCF7L2 complex	A protein complex that contains a catenin and TCF7L2 (TCF4), binds to the TCF DNA motif within a promoter element, and is involved in the regulation of WNT target gene transcription.
	GO:0005938	cell cortex	The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins.
	GO:0030054	cell junction	A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. At a cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix.
	GO:0071944	cell periphery	The part of a cell encompassing the cell cortex, the plasma membrane, and any external encapsulating structures.
	GO:0031253	cell projection membrane	The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a plasma membrane bounded cell surface projection.
	GO:0005913	cell-cell adherens junction	An adherens junction which connects a cell to another cell.
	GO:0005911	cell-cell junction	A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells in a multicellular organism; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals.
	GO:0005813	centrosome	A structure comprised of a core structure (in most organisms, a pair of centrioles) and peripheral material from which a microtubule-based structure, such as a spindle apparatus, is organized. Centrosomes occur close to the nucleus during interphase in many eukaryotic cells, though in animal cells it changes continually during the cell-division cycle.
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
	GO:0005856	cytoskeleton	Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles.
	GO:0005829	cytosol	The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
	GO:0043198	dendritic shaft	Cylindric portion of the dendrite, directly stemming from the perikaryon, and carrying the dendritic spines.
	GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
	GO:0005916	fascia adherens	A cell-cell adherens junction that contains the transmembrane protein N-cadherin, which interacts with identical molecules from neighboring cells to form a tight mechanical intercellular link; forms a large portion of the intercalated disc, the structure at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes.
	GO:0016600	flotillin complex	A protein complex that contains flotillin-1 and flotillin-2, and may contain associated proteins. Flotillins associate into membrane microdomains resembling caveolae.
	GO:0005925	focal adhesion	Small region on the surface of a cell that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments.
	GO:0014704	intercalated disc	A complex cell-cell junction at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes; mediates mechanical and electrochemical integration between individual cardiomyocytes. The intercalated disc contains regions of tight mechanical attachment (fasciae adherentes and desmosomes) and electrical coupling (gap junctions) between adjacent cells.
	GO:0030027	lamellipodium	A thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of a migrating cell or extending cell process; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments.
	GO:0016328	lateral plasma membrane	The portion of the plasma membrane at the lateral side of the cell. In epithelial cells, lateral plasma membranes are on the sides of cells which lie at the interface of adjacent cells.
	GO:0016020	membrane	A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
	GO:0005815	microtubule organizing center	An intracellular structure that can catalyze gamma-tubulin-dependent microtubule nucleation and that can anchor microtubules by interacting with their minus ends, plus ends or sides.
	GO:0031528	microvillus membrane	The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a microvillus.
	GO:0043005	neuron projection	A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.
	GO:0005719	nuclear euchromatin	The dispersed less dense form of chromatin in the interphase nucleus. It exists in at least two forms, a some being in the form of transcriptionally active chromatin which is the least condensed, while the rest is inactive euchromatin which is more condensed than active chromatin but less condensed than heterochromatin.
	GO:0044798	nuclear transcription factor complex	A protein complex, located in the nucleus, that is capable of associating with DNA by direct binding, or via other DNA-binding proteins or complexes, and regulating transcription.
	GO:0005634	nucleus	A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
	GO:0048471	perinuclear region of cytoplasm	Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus.
	GO:0005886	plasma membrane	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
	GO:0043234	protein complex	A stable macromolecular complex composed (only) of two or more polypeptide subunits along with any covalently attached molecules (such as lipid anchors or oligosaccharide) or non-protein prosthetic groups (such as nucleotides or metal ions). Prosthetic group in this context refers to a tightly bound cofactor. The component polypeptide subunits may be identical.
	GO:0032993	protein-DNA complex	A macromolecular complex containing both protein and DNA molecules.
	GO:0000922	spindle pole	Either of the ends of a spindle, where spindle microtubules are organized; usually contains a microtubule organizing center and accessory molecules, spindle microtubules and astral microtubules.
	GO:0045202	synapse	The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron, muscle fiber or glial cell. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.
	GO:0005667	transcription factor complex	A protein complex that is capable of associating with DNA by direct binding, or via other DNA-binding proteins or complexes, and regulating transcription.

Chain B,D (CADH1_MOUSE | P09803)

molecular function
	GO:0032794	GTPase activating protein binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a GTPase activating protein.
	GO:0030506	ankyrin binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ankyrin, a 200 kDa cytoskeletal protein that attaches other cytoskeletal proteins to integral membrane proteins.
	GO:0008013	beta-catenin binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the beta subunit of the catenin complex.
	GO:0005509	calcium ion binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+).
	GO:0050839	cell adhesion molecule binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a cell adhesion molecule.
	GO:0045295	gamma-catenin binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the gamma subunit of the catenin complex.
	GO:0046872	metal ion binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
	GO:0005515	protein binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
	GO:0019904	protein domain specific binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific domain of a protein.
	GO:0019903	protein phosphatase binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein phosphatase.
biological process
	GO:0034332	adherens junction organization	A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an adherens junction. An adherens junction is a cell junction at which the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane is attached to actin filaments.
	GO:0070830	bicellular tight junction assembly	The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a tight junction, an occluding cell-cell junction that is composed of a branching network of sealing strands that completely encircles the apical end of each cell in an epithelial sheet.
	GO:0016339	calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion via plasma membrane cell adhesion molecules	The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules that require the presence of calcium for the interaction.
	GO:0007155	cell adhesion	The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules.
	GO:0071230	cellular response to amino acid stimulus	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amino acid stimulus. An amino acid is a carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups.
	GO:0071681	cellular response to indole-3-methanol	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an indole-3-methanol stimulus.
	GO:0071285	cellular response to lithium ion	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lithium (Li+) ion stimulus.
	GO:0090102	cochlea development	The progression of the cochlea over time from its formation to the mature structure. The cochlea is the snail-shaped portion of the inner ear that is responsible for the detection of sound.
	GO:0046697	decidualization	The cellular and vascular changes occurring in the endometrium of the pregnant uterus just after the onset of blastocyst implantation. This process involves the proliferation and differentiation of the fibroblast-like endometrial stromal cells into large, polyploid decidual cells that eventually form the maternal component of the placenta.
	GO:0007566	embryo implantation	Attachment of the blastocyst to the uterine lining.
	GO:0003382	epithelial cell morphogenesis	The change in form that occurs when an epithelial cell progresses from its initial formation to its mature state.
	GO:0090002	establishment of protein localization to plasma membrane	The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in the plasma membrane.
	GO:0007156	homophilic cell adhesion via plasma membrane adhesion molecules	The attachment of a plasma membrane adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell.
	GO:0001701	in utero embryonic development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo in the uterus over time, from formation of the zygote in the oviduct, to birth. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.
	GO:0060576	intestinal epithelial cell development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell of the intestine over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
	GO:0090090	negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.
	GO:0022408	negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell adhesion to another cell.
	GO:0050680	negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation.
	GO:0010955	negative regulation of protein processing	Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of protein maturation by peptide bond cleavage.
	GO:0042993	positive regulation of transcription factor import into nucleus	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of a transcription factor from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.
	GO:0045893	positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
	GO:0051260	protein homooligomerization	The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of identical component monomers. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer.
	GO:0072659	protein localization to plasma membrane	A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location in the plasma membrane.
	GO:0019538	protein metabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general. Includes protein modification.
	GO:0060693	regulation of branching involved in salivary gland morphogenesis	Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of branching morphogenesis in the salivary gland epithelium.
	GO:0043281	regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process	Any process that modulates the activity of a cysteine-type endopeptidase involved in apoptosis.
	GO:0050776	regulation of immune response	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response, the immunological reaction of an organism to an immunogenic stimulus.
	GO:2001222	regulation of neuron migration	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuron migration.
	GO:0032880	regulation of protein localization	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.
	GO:2000008	regulation of protein localization to cell surface	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to the cell surface.
	GO:0033561	regulation of water loss via skin	A process that modulates the rate or extent of water loss from an organism via the skin.
	GO:0060662	salivary gland cavitation	The process in which the solid core of salivary epithelium gives rise to the hollow tube of the gland.
	GO:0007605	sensory perception of sound	The series of events required for an organism to receive an auditory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Sonic stimuli are detected in the form of vibrations and are processed to form a sound.
	GO:0016337	single organismal cell-cell adhesion	The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules, where both cells are part of the same organism.
	GO:0001829	trophectodermal cell differentiation	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a trophectoderm cell.
	GO:0035847	uterine epithelium development	The progression of an epithelium of the uterus over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure.
cellular component
	GO:0005794	Golgi apparatus	A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.
	GO:0043220	Schmidt-Lanterman incisure	Regions within compact myelin in which the cytoplasmic faces of the enveloping myelin sheath are not tightly juxtaposed, and include cytoplasm from the cell responsible for making the myelin. Schmidt-Lanterman incisures occur in the compact myelin internode, while lateral loops are analogous structures found in the paranodal region adjacent to the nodes of Ranvier.
	GO:0015629	actin cytoskeleton	The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes.
	GO:0005912	adherens junction	A cell junction at which anchoring proteins (cadherins or integrins) extend through the plasma membrane and are attached to actin filaments.
	GO:0016235	aggresome	An inclusion body formed by dynein-dependent retrograde transport of an aggregated protein on microtubules.
	GO:0043296	apical junction complex	A functional unit located near the cell apex at the points of contact between epithelial cells, which in vertebrates is composed of the tight junction, the zonula adherens, and desmosomes and in some invertebrates, such as Drosophila, is composed of the subapical complex (SAC), the zonula adherens and the septate junction. Functions in the regulation of cell polarity, tissue integrity and intercellular adhesion and permeability.
	GO:0045177	apical part of cell	The region of a polarized cell that forms a tip or is distal to a base. For example, in a polarized epithelial cell, the apical region has an exposed surface and lies opposite to the basal lamina that separates the epithelium from other tissue.
	GO:0030424	axon	The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter.
	GO:0043679	axon terminus	Terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters. The axon terminus is considered to be the whole region of thickening and the terminal button is a specialized region of it.
	GO:0016323	basolateral plasma membrane	The region of the plasma membrane that includes the basal end and sides of the cell. Often used in reference to animal polarized epithelial membranes, where the basal membrane is the part attached to the extracellular matrix, or in plant cells, where the basal membrane is defined with respect to the zygotic axis.
	GO:0016342	catenin complex	Complex of peripheral cytoplasmic proteins (alpha-, beta- and gamma-catenin) that interact with the cytoplasmic region of uvomorulin/E-cadherin to connect it to the actin cytoskeleton.
	GO:0030054	cell junction	A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. At a cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix.
	GO:0071944	cell periphery	The part of a cell encompassing the cell cortex, the plasma membrane, and any external encapsulating structures.
	GO:0009986	cell surface	The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.
	GO:0005913	cell-cell adherens junction	An adherens junction which connects a cell to another cell.
	GO:0005911	cell-cell junction	A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells in a multicellular organism; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals.
	GO:0030864	cortical actin cytoskeleton	The portion of the actin cytoskeleton, comprising filamentous actin and associated proteins, that lies just beneath the plasma membrane.
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
	GO:0009898	cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane	The leaflet the plasma membrane that faces the cytoplasm and any proteins embedded or anchored in it or attached to its surface.
	GO:0005768	endosome	A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered.
	GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
	GO:0016600	flotillin complex	A protein complex that contains flotillin-1 and flotillin-2, and may contain associated proteins. Flotillins associate into membrane microdomains resembling caveolae.
	GO:0005925	focal adhesion	Small region on the surface of a cell that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments.
	GO:0016021	integral component of membrane	The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
	GO:0030027	lamellipodium	A thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of a migrating cell or extending cell process; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments.
	GO:0043219	lateral loop	Non-compact myelin located adjacent to the nodes of Ranvier in a myelin segment. These non-compact regions include cytoplasm from the cell responsible for synthesizing the myelin. Lateral loops are found in the paranodal region adjacent to the nodes of Ranvier, while Schmidt-Lantermann clefts are analogous structures found within the compact myelin internode.
	GO:0016328	lateral plasma membrane	The portion of the plasma membrane at the lateral side of the cell. In epithelial cells, lateral plasma membranes are on the sides of cells which lie at the interface of adjacent cells.
	GO:0016020	membrane	A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
	GO:0033268	node of Ranvier	An axon part that is a gap in the myelin where voltage-gated sodium channels cluster and saltatory conduction is executed.
	GO:0048471	perinuclear region of cytoplasm	Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus.
	GO:0005886	plasma membrane	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
	GO:0005802	trans-Golgi network	The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located within the Golgi apparatus on the side distal to the endoplasmic reticulum, from which secretory vesicles emerge. The trans-Golgi network is important in the later stages of protein secretion where it is thought to play a key role in the sorting and targeting of secreted proteins to the correct destination.

Description

Compounds

Structural Features

Chains, Units

Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions (0, 0)

Sites (0, 0)

SS Bonds (0, 0)

Cis Peptide Bonds (4, 4)

Sequence-Structure Mapping

SAPs(SNPs)/Variants (0, 0)

PROSITE Motifs (1, 18)

Exons (0, 0)

Sequences/Alignments

Classification and Annotation

SCOP Domains (2, 4)

CATH Domains (1, 2)

Pfam Domains (0, 0)

Gene Ontology (315, 343)

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Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

Related Entries Specified in the PDB File