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Asym./Biol. Unit (Jmol Viewer)

Asym./Biol. Unit - sites (Jmol Viewer)

Title :   CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-34 BOUND TO HUMAN CSF-1R

Authors :   X. Ma, J. F. Bazan, M. A. Starovasnik

Date :   03 Feb 12 (Deposition) - 11 Apr 12 (Release) - 25 Apr 12 (Revision)

Method :   X-RAY DIFFRACTION

Resolution :   3.00

Chains :   Asym./Biol. Unit : A,B,C

Keywords :   Dimeric Four-Helix Bundle Cytokine, Receptor Tyrosine Kinase, Glycosylation, Cytokine-Transferase Complex (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google)] )

Reference :   X. Ma, W. Y. Lin, Y. Chen, S. Stawicki, K. Mukhyala, Y. Wu, F. Martin, J. F. Bazan, M. A. Starovasnik
Structural Basis For The Dual Recognition Of Helical Cytokines Il-34 And Csf-1 By Csf-1R.
Structure V. 20 676 2012
PubMed-ID: 22483114 | Reference-DOI: 10.1016/J.STR.2012.02.010

Molecule 1 - INTERLEUKIN-34
	Chains	:	A, B
	Engineered	:	YES
	Expression System	:	TRICHOPLUSIA NI
	Expression System Cell Line	:	TNI PRO
	Expression System Taxid	:	7111
	Fragment	:	ACTIVE CORE, UNP RESIDUES 21-193
	Gene	:	IL34, C16ORF77
	Organism Common	:	HUMAN
	Organism Scientific	:	HOMO SAPIENS
	Organism Taxid	:	9606
	Synonym	:	IL-34

Molecule 2 - MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR 1 RECEPTOR
	Chains	:	C
	EC Number	:	2.7.10.1
	Engineered	:	YES
	Expression System	:	TRICHOPLUSIA NI
	Expression System Cell Line	:	TNI PRO
	Expression System Taxid	:	7111
	Fragment	:	D1-D3, UNP RESIDUES 20-299
	Gene	:	CSF1R, FMS
	Organism Common	:	HUMAN
	Organism Scientific	:	HOMO SAPIENS
	Organism Taxid	:	9606
	Synonym	:	CSF-1 RECEPTOR, CSF-1-R, CSF-1R, M-CSF-R, PROTO-ONCOGENE C- FMS

		1	2	3
Asymmetric/Biological Unit	:	A	B	C

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (2, 10)

No.	Name	Count	Type	Full Name
1	BMA	2	Ligand/Ion	BETA-D-MANNOSE
2	NAG	8	Ligand/Ion	N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE

Asymmetric Unit (10, 10)

No.	Name	Evidence	Residues	Description
01	AC1	SOFTWARE	TYR A:68 , GLU A:69 , VAL A:71 , PHE A:72 , ASN A:76 , ARG A:79 , VAL A:145 , NAG A:302	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAG A 301
02	AC2	SOFTWARE	TYR A:68 , GLU A:69 , LYS A:157 , NAG A:301 , BMA A:303	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAG A 302
03	AC3	SOFTWARE	NAG A:302 , HOH A:401	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE BMA A 303
04	AC4	SOFTWARE	GLU B:69 , VAL B:71 , PHE B:72 , ASN B:76 , ARG B:79 , NAG B:302 , HOH B:401	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAG B 301
05	AC5	SOFTWARE	TYR B:68 , GLU B:69 , LYS B:157 , NAG B:301 , BMA B:303	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAG B 302
06	AC6	SOFTWARE	TYR B:68 , NAG B:302 , HOH B:402	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE BMA B 303
07	AC7	SOFTWARE	ASN C:73 , HOH C:501	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAG C 401
08	AC8	SOFTWARE	ASN C:153	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAG C 402
09	AC9	SOFTWARE	ASN C:240 , PHE C:270 , GLN C:271 , ALA C:273	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAG C 403
10	BC1	SOFTWARE	ASN C:275 , SER C:290 , PHE C:292	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAG C 404

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

No.	Residues
1	A:35	-	A:180
2	A:177	-	A:191
3	B:35	-	B:180
4	B:177	-	B:191
5	C:42	-	C:84
6	C:127	-	C:177
7	C:224	-	C:278

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

No.	Residues
1	Glu C:24	-	Pro C:25
2	Pro C:54	-	Ser C:55
3	Ser C:55	-	Pro C:56
4	Val C:208	-	Pro C:209

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (4, 5)

								dbSNP	PDB
No.	Source	Variant ID	Variant			UniProt ID	Status	ID	Chain	Variant
1	UniProt	VAR_042038	V	32	G	CSF1R_HUMAN	Polymorphism	56048668	C	V	32	G
2	UniProt	VAR_033164	E	123	Q	IL34_HUMAN	Polymorphism	8046424	A/B	E	123	Q
3	UniProt	VAR_061290	A	245	S	CSF1R_HUMAN	Polymorphism	41338945	C	A	245	S
4	UniProt	VAR_049718	V	279	M	CSF1R_HUMAN	Polymorphism	3829986	C	V	279	M

SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

(no "PROSITE Motif" information available for 4DKD)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (4, 4)

	ENSEMBL					UniProtKB			PDB
No.	Transcript ID	Exon	Exon ID	Genome Location	Length	ID	Location	Length	Count	Location	Length
1.1	ENST00000286301	1	ENSE00000841168	chr5:149492935-149492824	112	CSF1R_HUMAN	-	0	0	-	-
1.2b	ENST00000286301	2b	ENSE00001366842	chr5:149466170-149465942	229	CSF1R_HUMAN	1-17	17	0	-	-
1.3	ENST00000286301	3	ENSE00001023095	chr5:149460587-149460330	258	CSF1R_HUMAN	17-103	87	1	C:20-103 (gaps)	84
1.4	ENST00000286301	4	ENSE00001023084	chr5:149459899-149459615	285	CSF1R_HUMAN	103-198	96	1	C:103-198	96
1.5	ENST00000286301	5	ENSE00001023099	chr5:149457811-149457675	137	CSF1R_HUMAN	198-243	46	1	C:198-243	46
1.6a	ENST00000286301	6a	ENSE00001023081	chr5:149456998-149456839	160	CSF1R_HUMAN	244-297	54	1	C:244-295	52
1.7	ENST00000286301	7	ENSE00001023101	chr5:149453056-149452864	193	CSF1R_HUMAN	297-361	65	0	-	-
1.8	ENST00000286301	8	ENSE00001023092	chr5:149450134-149450019	116	CSF1R_HUMAN	361-400	40	0	-	-
1.9	ENST00000286301	9	ENSE00001023097	chr5:149449865-149449745	121	CSF1R_HUMAN	400-440	41	0	-	-
1.10	ENST00000286301	10	ENSE00001023094	chr5:149449626-149449436	191	CSF1R_HUMAN	440-504	65	0	-	-
1.11	ENST00000286301	11	ENSE00001023090	chr5:149447893-149447778	116	CSF1R_HUMAN	504-542	39	0	-	-
1.13a	ENST00000286301	13a	ENSE00001023078	chr5:149441412-149441286	127	CSF1R_HUMAN	543-585	43	0	-	-
1.13d	ENST00000286301	13d	ENSE00001023098	chr5:149441158-149441054	105	CSF1R_HUMAN	585-620	36	0	-	-
1.14	ENST00000286301	14	ENSE00001023088	chr5:149440535-149440425	111	CSF1R_HUMAN	620-657	38	0	-	-
1.15b	ENST00000286301	15b	ENSE00001023096	chr5:149439425-149439263	163	CSF1R_HUMAN	657-711	55	0	-	-
1.17	ENST00000286301	17	ENSE00001023083	chr5:149437155-149437067	89	CSF1R_HUMAN	711-741	31	0	-	-
1.18	ENST00000286301	18	ENSE00001023077	chr5:149436947-149436850	98	CSF1R_HUMAN	741-773	33	0	-	-
1.19	ENST00000286301	19	ENSE00001023079	chr5:149435904-149435782	123	CSF1R_HUMAN	774-814	41	0	-	-
1.20	ENST00000286301	20	ENSE00001684899	chr5:149435700-149435589	112	CSF1R_HUMAN	815-852	38	0	-	-
1.21	ENST00000286301	21	ENSE00001023100	chr5:149434899-149434800	100	CSF1R_HUMAN	852-885	34	0	-	-
1.22b	ENST00000286301	22b	ENSE00001023085	chr5:149433993-149433885	109	CSF1R_HUMAN	885-921	37	0	-	-
1.23c	ENST00000286301	23c	ENSE00001083274	chr5:149433787-149432854	934	CSF1R_HUMAN	922-972	51	0	-	-

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

Reformat:	Number of residues per line = ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
	Number of residues per labelling interval =
	UniProt sequence: complete aligned part

Show mapping:	SCOP domains	CATH domains	Pfam domains	Secondary structure (by author)
	SAPs(SNPs)	PROSITE motifs	Exons
	(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)

Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:161
 aligned with IL34_HUMAN | Q6ZMJ4 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:242

    Alignment length:161
                                    41        51        61        71        81        91       101       111       121       131       141       151       161       171       181       191 
           IL34_HUMAN    32 NEECTVTGFLRDKLQYRSRLQYMKHYFPINYKISVPYEGVFRIANVTRLQRAQVSERELRYLWVLVSLSATESVQDVLLEGHPSWKYLQEVETLLLNVQQGLTDVEVSPKVESVLSLLNAPGPNLKLVRPKALLDNCFRVMELLYCSCCKQSSVLNWQDCE 192
               SCOP domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh........eeehhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh......hhhhhhhhhhhhh.....eeehhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..hhhhh... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Q--------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 4dkd A  32 NEECTVTGFLRDKLQYRSRLQYMKHYFPINYKISVPYEGVFRIANVTRLQRAQVSERELRYLWVLVSLSATESVQDVLLEGHPSWKYLQEVETLLLNVQQGLTDVEVSPKVESVLSLLNAPGPNLKLVRPKALLDNCFRVMELLYCSCCKQSSVLNWQDCE 192
                                    41        51        61        71        81        91       101       111       121       131       141       151       161       171       181       191

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:160
 aligned with IL34_HUMAN | Q6ZMJ4 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:242

    Alignment length:160
                                    42        52        62        72        82        92       102       112       122       132       142       152       162       172       182       192
           IL34_HUMAN    33 EECTVTGFLRDKLQYRSRLQYMKHYFPINYKISVPYEGVFRIANVTRLQRAQVSERELRYLWVLVSLSATESVQDVLLEGHPSWKYLQEVETLLLNVQQGLTDVEVSPKVESVLSLLNAPGPNLKLVRPKALLDNCFRVMELLYCSCCKQSSVLNWQDCE 192
               SCOP domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh........ee.hhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhhhh......eehhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh........... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Q--------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 4dkd B  33 EECTVTGFLRDKLQYRSRLQYMKHYFPINYKISVPYEGVFRIANVTRLQRAQVSERELRYLWVLVSLSATESVQDVLLEGHPSWKYLQEVETLLLNVQQGLTDVEVSPKVESVLSLLNAPGPNLKLVRPKALLDNCFRVMELLYCSCCKQSSVLNWQDCE 192
                                    42        52        62        72        82        92       102       112       122       132       142       152       162       172       182       192

Chain C from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:272
 aligned with CSF1R_HUMAN | P07333 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:972

    Alignment length:276
                                    29        39        49        59        69        79        89        99       109       119       129       139       149       159       169       179       189       199       209       219       229       239       249       259       269       279       289      
          CSF1R_HUMAN    20 IPVIEPSVPELVVKPGATVTLRCVGNGSVEWDGPPSPHWTLYSDGSSSILSTNNATFQNTGTYRCTEPGDPLGGSAAIHLYVKDPARPWNVLAQEVVVFEDQDALLPCLLTDPVLEAGVSLVRVRGRPLMRHTNYSFSPWHGFTIHRAKFIQSQDYQCSALMGGRKVMSISIRLKVQKVIPGPPALTLVPAELVRIRGEAAQIVCSASSVDVNFDVFLQHNNTKLAIPQQSDFHNNRYQKVLTLNLDQVDFQHAGNYSCVASNVQGKHSTSMFFRV 295
               SCOP domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SCOP domains
               CATH domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CATH domains
               Pfam domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ..eee......ee.....eeeeee...............ee.....eeeeee...hhhhh..eee...----...eee..ee......eee...eeeee....ee..eee.hhhhhh.eeeee.hhh.......ee.......ee...hhhhh.eeeeee......ee...eeeeee.......eeeee...........eeeeeeeee.....eee............eeeee..eeeeeeeeee........eeeeeeee....eeeeeeee.. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------G--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------S---------------------------------M---------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PROSITE
           Transcript 1 (1) Exon 1.3  PDB: C:20-103 (gaps) UniProt: 17-103 [INCOMPLETE]                         ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.5  PDB: C:198-243 UniProt: 198-243     Exon 1.6a  PDB: C:244-295 UniProt: 244-297           Transcript 1 (1)
           Transcript 1 (2) -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.4  PDB: C:103-198 UniProt: 103-198                                                       ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript 1 (2)
                 4dkd C  20 IPVIEPSVPELVVKPGATVTLRCVGNGSVEWDGPPSPHWTLYSDGSSSILSTNNATFQNTGTYRCTEP----GGSAAIHLYVKDPARPWNVLAQEVVVFEDQDALLPCLLTDPVLEAGVSLVRVRGRPLMRHTNYSFSPWHGFTIHRAKFIQSQDYQCSALMGGRKVMSISIRLKVQKVIPGPPALTLVPAELVRIRGEAAQIVCSASSVDVNFDVFLQHNNTKLAIPQQSDFHNNRYQKVLTLNLDQVDFQHAGNYSCVASNVQGKHSTSMFFRV 295
                                    29        39        49        59        69        79       | -  |     99       109       119       129       139       149       159       169       179       189       199       209       219       229       239       249       259       269       279       289      
                                                                                              87   92

Legend:		→ Mismatch	(orange background)
	-	→ Gap	(green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
		→ Modified Residue	(blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
	x	→ Chemical Group	(purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
	extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '\|'

(no "SCOP Domain" information available for 4DKD)

(no "CATH Domain" information available for 4DKD)

(no "Pfam Domain" information available for 4DKD)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)

Chain A,B (IL34_HUMAN | Q6ZMJ4)

molecular function
	GO:0005125	cytokine activity	Functions to control the survival, growth, differentiation and effector function of tissues and cells.
	GO:0008083	growth factor activity	The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation.
	GO:0005157	macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor.
biological process
	GO:0002376	immune system process	Any process involved in the development or functioning of the immune system, an organismal system for calibrated responses to potential internal or invasive threats.
	GO:0006954	inflammatory response	The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages.
	GO:0045087	innate immune response	Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.
	GO:0008284	positive regulation of cell proliferation	Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
	GO:0045651	positive regulation of macrophage differentiation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage differentiation.
	GO:0045657	positive regulation of monocyte differentiation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of monocyte differentiation.
	GO:0001934	positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein.
cellular component
	GO:0005576	extracellular region	The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
	GO:0005615	extracellular space	That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.

Chain C (CSF1R_HUMAN | P07333)

molecular function
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.
	GO:0019955	cytokine binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a cytokine, any of a group of proteins that function to control the survival, growth and differentiation of tissues and cells, and which have autocrine and paracrine activity.
	GO:0016301	kinase activity	Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.
	GO:0005011	macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor activity	Combining with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-tyrosine = ADP + a protein-L-tyrosine phosphate.
	GO:0000166	nucleotide binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose.
	GO:0042803	protein homodimerization activity	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer.
	GO:0004672	protein kinase activity	Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP.
	GO:0019903	protein phosphatase binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein phosphatase.
	GO:0004713	protein tyrosine kinase activity	Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate.
	GO:0016740	transferase activity	Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2.
	GO:0004714	transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity	Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-tyrosine = ADP + a protein-L-tyrosine phosphate.
biological process
	GO:0007411	axon guidance	The chemotaxis process that directs the migration of an axon growth cone to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.
	GO:0008283	cell proliferation	The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.
	GO:0045217	cell-cell junction maintenance	The maintenance of junctions between cells.
	GO:0071345	cellular response to cytokine stimulus	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cytokine stimulus.
	GO:0036006	cellular response to macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulus	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulus.
	GO:0019221	cytokine-mediated signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a cytokine to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0021879	forebrain neuron differentiation	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron that will reside in the forebrain.
	GO:0030097	hemopoiesis	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the myeloid and lymphoid derived organ/tissue systems of the blood and other parts of the body over time, from formation to the mature structure. The site of hemopoiesis is variable during development, but occurs primarily in bone marrow or kidney in many adult vertebrates.
	GO:0002376	immune system process	Any process involved in the development or functioning of the immune system, an organismal system for calibrated responses to potential internal or invasive threats.
	GO:0006954	inflammatory response	The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages.
	GO:0045087	innate immune response	Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.
	GO:0038145	macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the cytokine macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0030225	macrophage differentiation	The process in which a relatively unspecialized monocyte acquires the specialized features of a macrophage.
	GO:0060603	mammary gland duct morphogenesis	The process in which anatomical structures of the mammary ducts are generated and organized. Mammary ducts are epithelial tubes that transport milk.
	GO:0030224	monocyte differentiation	The process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a monocyte.
	GO:0007275	multicellular organism development	The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult).
	GO:0043066	negative regulation of apoptotic process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
	GO:0008285	negative regulation of cell proliferation	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
	GO:0021772	olfactory bulb development	The progression of the olfactory bulb over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The olfactory bulb coordinates neuronal signaling involved in the perception of smell. It receives input from the sensory neurons and outputs to the olfactory cortex.
	GO:0030316	osteoclast differentiation	The process in which a relatively unspecialized monocyte acquires the specialized features of an osteoclast. An osteoclast is a specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue.
	GO:0018108	peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	The phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine to form peptidyl-O4'-phospho-L-tyrosine.
	GO:0046488	phosphatidylinositol metabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylinositol, any glycophospholipid in which a sn-glycerol 3-phosphate residue is esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of 1D-myo-inositol.
	GO:0048015	phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling	A series of molecular signals in which a cell uses a phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling to convert a signal into a response. Phosphatidylinositols include phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives.
	GO:0016310	phosphorylation	The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide.
	GO:0070374	positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade.
	GO:0030335	positive regulation of cell migration	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.
	GO:2000147	positive regulation of cell motility	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell motility.
	GO:0008284	positive regulation of cell proliferation	Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
	GO:0090197	positive regulation of chemokine secretion	Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of chemokine secretion, the regulated release of chemokines from a cell.
	GO:0045672	positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast differentiation.
	GO:0001934	positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein.
	GO:0071902	positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity	Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein serine/threonine kinase activity.
	GO:0061098	positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity	Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein tyrosine kinase activity.
	GO:0046777	protein autophosphorylation	The phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues (cis-autophosphorylation), or residues on an identical protein (trans-autophosphorylation).
	GO:0006468	protein phosphorylation	The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.
	GO:2000249	regulation of actin cytoskeleton reorganization	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of actin cytoskeleton reorganization.
	GO:0045124	regulation of bone resorption	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of bone tissue loss (resorption).
	GO:0008360	regulation of cell shape	Any process that modulates the surface configuration of a cell.
	GO:0031529	ruffle organization	A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a ruffle, a projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell.
	GO:0007165	signal transduction	The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.
	GO:0007519	skeletal muscle tissue development	The developmental sequence of events leading to the formation of adult skeletal muscle tissue. The main events are: the fusion of myoblasts to form myotubes that increase in size by further fusion to them of myoblasts, the formation of myofibrils within their cytoplasm and the establishment of functional neuromuscular junctions with motor neurons. At this stage they can be regarded as mature muscle fibers.
	GO:0007169	transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses tyrosine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
cellular component
	GO:1990682	CSF1-CSF1R complex	A protein complex consisting of a macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF1, also called M-CSF) dimer bound to a dimerized receptor (CSF1R, also called FMS). Receptor dimerization requires the presence of the ligand.
	GO:0009986	cell surface	The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.
	GO:0016021	integral component of membrane	The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
	GO:0005887	integral component of plasma membrane	The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
	GO:0005622	intracellular	The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm.
	GO:0016020	membrane	A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
	GO:0005886	plasma membrane	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

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(no "Related Entries Specified in the PDB File" available for 4DKD)

Description

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SS Bonds (7, 7)

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