3KFD - JenaLib

Asymmetric Unit(hide GO term definitions)

Chain A,B,C,D (TGFB1_HUMAN | P01137)

molecular function
	GO:0003823	antigen binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an antigen, any substance which is capable of inducing a specific immune response and of reacting with the products of that response, the specific antibody or specifically sensitized T-lymphocytes, or both. Binding may counteract the biological activity of the antigen.
	GO:0005125	cytokine activity	Functions to control the survival, growth, differentiation and effector function of tissues and cells.
	GO:0019899	enzyme binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any enzyme.
	GO:0008083	growth factor activity	The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation.
	GO:0047485	protein N-terminus binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein N-terminus, the end of any peptide chain at which the 2-amino (or 2-imino) function of a constituent amino acid is not attached in peptide linkage to another amino-acid residue.
	GO:0005515	protein binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
	GO:0046982	protein heterodimerization activity	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nonidentical protein to form a heterodimer.
	GO:0042803	protein homodimerization activity	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer.
	GO:0043539	protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity	Binds to and increases the activity of a protein serine/threonine kinase.
	GO:0005160	transforming growth factor beta receptor binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the transforming growth factor beta receptor.
	GO:0034713	type I transforming growth factor beta receptor binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a type I transforming growth factor beta receptor.
	GO:0005114	type II transforming growth factor beta receptor binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a type II transforming growth factor beta receptor.
	GO:0034714	type III transforming growth factor beta receptor binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a type III transforming growth factor beta receptor.
biological process
	GO:0006754	ATP biosynthetic process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.
	GO:0000165	MAPK cascade	An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a MAPK, a MAPKK and a MAP3K. The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell.
	GO:0007219	Notch signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to the receptor Notch on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0007183	SMAD protein complex assembly	The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a protein complex that contains SMAD proteins.
	GO:0007184	SMAD protein import into nucleus	The directed movement of a SMAD proteins from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. Pathway-restricted SMAD proteins and common-partner SMAD proteins are involved in the transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathways.
	GO:0060395	SMAD protein signal transduction	The cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor, causing a change in the activity of a SMAD protein, and ultimately effecting a change in the functioning of the cell.
	GO:0042110	T cell activation	The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific.
	GO:0030217	T cell differentiation	The process in which a precursor cell type acquires characteristics of a more mature T-cell. A T cell is a type of lymphocyte whose definin characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex.
	GO:0043029	T cell homeostasis	The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of T cells such that the total number of T cells within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus.
	GO:0046732	active induction of host immune response by virus	The intentional, virally-encoded stimulation of a host defense response to viral infection.
	GO:0002460	adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains	An immune response mediated by lymphocytes expressing specific receptors for antigen produced through a somatic diversification process that includes somatic recombination of germline gene segments encoding immunoglobulin superfamily domains. Recombined receptors for antigen encoded by immunoglobulin superfamily domains include T cell receptors and immunoglobulins (antibodies) produced by B cells. The first encounter with antigen elicits a primary immune response that is slow and not of great magnitude. T and B cells selected by antigen become activated and undergo clonal expansion. A fraction of antigen-reactive T and B cells become memory cells, whereas others differentiate into effector cells. The memory cells generated during the primary response enable a much faster and stronger secondary immune response upon subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory). An example of this is the adaptive immune response found in Mus musculus.
	GO:0007568	aging	A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700).
	GO:0031100	animal organ regeneration	The regrowth of a lost or destroyed animal organ.
	GO:0060751	branch elongation involved in mammary gland duct branching	The developmental growth process in which a branch of a mammary gland duct elongates.
	GO:0001775	cell activation	A change in the morphology or behavior of a cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand.
	GO:0007050	cell cycle arrest	A regulatory process that halts progression through the cell cycle during one of the normal phases (G1, S, G2, M).
	GO:0016049	cell growth	The process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present.
	GO:0016477	cell migration	The controlled self-propelled movement of a cell from one site to a destination guided by molecular cues. Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms.
	GO:0008283	cell proliferation	The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.
	GO:0045216	cell-cell junction organization	A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cell-cell junction. A cell-cell junction is a specialized region of connection between two cells.
	GO:0006874	cellular calcium ion homeostasis	Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions at the level of a cell.
	GO:0071549	cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dexamethasone stimulus.
	GO:0071363	cellular response to growth factor stimulus	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus.
	GO:0071407	cellular response to organic cyclic compound	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus.
	GO:0071560	cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a transforming growth factor beta stimulus.
	GO:0002062	chondrocyte differentiation	The process in which a chondroblast acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a chondrocyte. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage.
	GO:0007182	common-partner SMAD protein phosphorylation	The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a common-partner SMAD protein. A common partner SMAD protein binds to pathway-restricted SMAD proteins forming a complex that translocates to the nucleus.
	GO:0002248	connective tissue replacement involved in inflammatory response wound healing	The series of events leading to growth of connective tissue when loss of tissues that are incapable of regeneration occurs, or when fibrinous exudate cannot be adequately cleared that contribute to an inflammatory response.
	GO:0009817	defense response to fungus, incompatible interaction	A response of an organism to a fungus that prevents the occurrence or spread of disease.
	GO:0048565	digestive tract development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the digestive tract over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The digestive tract is the anatomical structure through which food passes and is processed.
	GO:0007492	endoderm development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the endoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The endoderm is the innermost germ layer that develops into the gastrointestinal tract, the lungs and associated tissues.
	GO:0007173	epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to the tyrosine kinase receptor EGFR (ERBB1) on the surface of a cell. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0001837	epithelial to mesenchymal transition	A transition where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell.
	GO:0019049	evasion or tolerance of host defenses by virus	Any process, either active or passive, by which a virus avoids or tolerates the effects of its host organism's defense(s). Host defenses may be induced by the presence of the virus or may be preformed (e.g. physical barriers). The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.
	GO:0085029	extracellular matrix assembly	The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the extracellular matrix.
	GO:0097191	extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals in which a signal is conveyed from the cell surface to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with either a ligand binding to a cell surface receptor, or a ligand being withdrawn from a cell surface receptor (e.g. in the case of signaling by dependence receptors), and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered.
	GO:0060325	face morphogenesis	The process in which the anatomical structures of the face are generated and organized. The face is the ventral division of the head.
	GO:0007565	female pregnancy	The set of physiological processes that allow an embryo or foetus to develop within the body of a female animal. It covers the time from fertilization of a female ovum by a male spermatozoon until birth.
	GO:0060364	frontal suture morphogenesis	The process in which the frontal suture is generated and organized.
	GO:0008354	germ cell migration	The orderly movement of a cell specialized to produce haploid gametes through the embryo from its site of production to the place where the gonads will form.
	GO:0040007	growth	The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell.
	GO:0002244	hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation	The process in which precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a hematopoietic progenitor cell, a class of cell types including myeloid progenitor cells and lymphoid progenitor cells.
	GO:0030214	hyaluronan catabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hyaluronan, the naturally occurring anionic form of hyaluronic acid, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans, the repeat units of which consist of beta-1,4 linked D-glucuronyl-beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.
	GO:0006954	inflammatory response	The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages.
	GO:0048839	inner ear development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the inner ear over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
	GO:0070306	lens fiber cell differentiation	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a lens fiber cell, any of the elongated, tightly packed cells that make up the bulk of the mature lens in the camera-type eye. The cytoplasm of a lens fiber cell is devoid of most intracellular organelles including the cell nucleus, and contains primarily crystallins, a group of water-soluble proteins expressed in vary large quantities.
	GO:0031663	lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to a receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Lipopolysaccharides are major components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, making them prime targets for recognition by the immune system.
	GO:0048535	lymph node development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of lymph nodes over time, from their formation to the mature structure. A lymph node is a round, oval, or bean shaped structure localized in clusters along the lymphatic vessels, with a distinct internal structure including specialized vasculature and B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes.
	GO:0010742	macrophage derived foam cell differentiation	The process in which a monocyte acquires the specialized features of a foam cell. A foam cell is a type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions.
	GO:0060744	mammary gland branching involved in thelarche	The process in which the branching structure of the mammary gland duct is generated and organized during the period of sexual maturity in mammals. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk.
	GO:0030879	mammary gland development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mammary gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk. Its development starts with the formation of the mammary line and ends as the mature gland cycles between nursing and weaning stages.
	GO:0007093	mitotic cell cycle checkpoint	A cell cycle checkpoint that ensures accurate chromosome replication and segregation by preventing progression through a mitotic cell cycle until conditions are suitable for the cell to proceed to the next stage.
	GO:0032943	mononuclear cell proliferation	The expansion of a mononuclear cell population by cell division. A mononuclear cell is a leukocyte with a single non-segmented nucleus in the mature form.
	GO:0001763	morphogenesis of a branching structure	The process in which the anatomical structures of branches are generated and organized. A branch is a division or offshoot from a main stem. Examples in animals would include blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics and other endothelial or epithelial tubes.
	GO:0042552	myelination	The process in which myelin sheaths are formed and maintained around neurons. Oligodendrocytes in the brain and spinal cord and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system wrap axons with compact layers of their plasma membrane. Adjacent myelin segments are separated by a non-myelinated stretch of axon called a node of Ranvier.
	GO:0043011	myeloid dendritic cell differentiation	The process in which a monocyte acquires the specialized features of a dendritic cell, an immunocompetent cell of the lymphoid and hemopoietic systems and skin.
	GO:0008156	negative regulation of DNA replication	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication.
	GO:0050868	negative regulation of T cell activation	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T cell activation.
	GO:0042130	negative regulation of T cell proliferation	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of T cell proliferation.
	GO:0043537	negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the migration of the endothelial cells of blood vessels.
	GO:0045786	negative regulation of cell cycle	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle.
	GO:0045596	negative regulation of cell differentiation	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation.
	GO:0030308	negative regulation of cell growth	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth.
	GO:0008285	negative regulation of cell proliferation	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
	GO:0022408	negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell adhesion to another cell.
	GO:0050680	negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation.
	GO:0010716	negative regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly	Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of extracellular matrix disassembly. Extracellular matrix disassembly is a process that results in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix.
	GO:0045599	negative regulation of fat cell differentiation	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of adipocyte differentiation.
	GO:0010629	negative regulation of gene expression	Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
	GO:0060965	negative regulation of gene silencing by miRNA	Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the downregulation of gene expression through the action of microRNAs (miRNAs), endogenous 21-24 nucleotide small RNAs processed from stem-loop RNA precursors (pre-miRNAs). Once incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), miRNAs can downregulate gene expression by either of two posttranscriptional mechanisms: mRNA cleavage or translational repression.
	GO:1900126	negative regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hyaluronan biosynthetic process.
	GO:0050777	negative regulation of immune response	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response, the immunological reaction of an organism to an immunogenic stimulus.
	GO:0032700	negative regulation of interleukin-17 production	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of production of any member of the interleukin-17 family of cytokines.
	GO:0010936	negative regulation of macrophage cytokine production	Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage cytokine production. Macrophage cytokine production is the appearance of a chemokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.
	GO:0045930	negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of progression through the mitotic cell cycle.
	GO:0045662	negative regulation of myoblast differentiation	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast differentiation. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.
	GO:0007406	negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the proliferation of neuroblasts.
	GO:0030279	negative regulation of ossification	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of bone formation.
	GO:0050765	negative regulation of phagocytosis	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phagocytosis.
	GO:1903799	negative regulation of production of miRNAs involved in gene silencing by miRNA	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of production of miRNAs involved in gene silencing by miRNA.
	GO:1903077	negative regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to plasma membrane.
	GO:0001933	negative regulation of protein phosphorylation	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein.
	GO:0051280	negative regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the release into the cytosolic compartment of calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria.
	GO:0048642	negative regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle tissue development.
	GO:0000122	negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
	GO:0045892	negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
	GO:0030512	negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of any TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway.
	GO:0014003	oligodendrocyte development	The process aimed at the progression of an oligodendrocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. An oligodendrocyte is a type of glial cell involved in myelinating the axons in the central nervous system.
	GO:0043932	ossification involved in bone remodeling	The formation or growth of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone, involved in response to injury or other physical, physiological or environmental stress stimuli.
	GO:0060389	pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation	The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a pathway restricted SMAD protein. A pathway restricted SMAD protein is an effector protein that acts directly downstream of the transforming growth factor family receptor.
	GO:0006796	phosphate-containing compound metabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways involving the phosphate group, the anion or salt of any phosphoric acid.
	GO:0002576	platelet degranulation	The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as histamine and serotonin by a platelet.
	GO:0043406	positive regulation of MAP kinase activity	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of MAP kinase activity.
	GO:1901666	positive regulation of NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity.
	GO:0051092	positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB.
	GO:0060391	positive regulation of SMAD protein import into nucleus	Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of SMAD protein import into the nucleus, i.e. the directed movement of a SMAD proteins from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. Pathway-restricted SMAD proteins and common-partner SMAD proteins are involved in the transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathways.
	GO:0043065	positive regulation of apoptotic process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
	GO:0043536	positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the migration of the endothelial cells of blood vessels.
	GO:0030501	positive regulation of bone mineralization	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of bone mineralization.
	GO:0090190	positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis	Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis, the process in which the branching structure of the ureteric bud is generated and organized. The ureteric bud is an epithelial tube that grows out from the metanephric duct. The bud elongates and branches to give rise to the ureter and kidney collecting tubules.
	GO:2000727	positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell differentiation.
	GO:0071158	positive regulation of cell cycle arrest	Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of cell cycle arrest, the process in which the cell cycle is halted during one of the normal phases.
	GO:0051781	positive regulation of cell division	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell division.
	GO:0030335	positive regulation of cell migration	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.
	GO:0008284	positive regulation of cell proliferation	Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
	GO:0032270	positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein, occurring at the level of an individual cell.
	GO:0050921	positive regulation of chemotaxis	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a specific chemical concentration gradient.
	GO:0032967	positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals.
	GO:0050679	positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation	Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation.
	GO:0010718	positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition	Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition is where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell.
	GO:0031536	positive regulation of exit from mitosis	Any process that activates or increases the rate of progression from anaphase/telophase (high mitotic CDK activity) to G1 (low mitotic CDK activity).
	GO:1901203	positive regulation of extracellular matrix assembly	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of extracellular matrix assembly.
	GO:0010763	positive regulation of fibroblast migration	Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of fibroblast cell migration. Fibroblast cell migration is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium.
	GO:0048146	positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of multiplication or reproduction of fibroblast cells.
	GO:0010628	positive regulation of gene expression	Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
	GO:0035066	positive regulation of histone acetylation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of an acetyl group to a histone protein.
	GO:0031065	positive regulation of histone deacetylation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the removal of acetyl groups from histones.
	GO:0032740	positive regulation of interleukin-17 production	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of production of any member of the interleukin-17 family of cytokines.
	GO:0048298	positive regulation of isotype switching to IgA isotypes	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of isotype switching to IgA isotypes.
	GO:0042482	positive regulation of odontogenesis	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the formation and development of a tooth or teeth.
	GO:0010862	positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation	Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation. Pathway-restricted SMAD proteins and common-partner SMAD proteins are involved in the transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathways.
	GO:0033138	positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine.
	GO:0010800	positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation	Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation. Peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation is the phosphorylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-threonine.
	GO:0050731	positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine.
	GO:0043552	positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity.
	GO:0031334	positive regulation of protein complex assembly	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein complex assembly.
	GO:0035307	positive regulation of protein dephosphorylation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of removal of phosphate groups from a protein.
	GO:0042307	positive regulation of protein import into nucleus	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of movement of proteins from the cytoplasm into the nucleus.
	GO:0051897	positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase B signaling, a series of reactions mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B.
	GO:1900182	positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to nucleus.
	GO:0001934	positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein.
	GO:0050714	positive regulation of protein secretion	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a protein from a cell.
	GO:1903911	positive regulation of receptor clustering	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of receptor clustering.
	GO:0045591	positive regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of differentiation of regulatory T cells.
	GO:0051152	positive regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell differentiation.
	GO:0032930	positive regulation of superoxide anion generation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of enzymatic generation of superoxide by a cell.
	GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
	GO:2000679	positive regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription regulatory region DNA binding.
	GO:0045893	positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
	GO:0010575	positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production	Any process that increases or activates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of vascular endothelial growth factor.
	GO:0043117	positive regulation of vascular permeability	Any process that increases the extent to which blood vessels can be pervaded by fluid.
	GO:0006611	protein export from nucleus	The directed movement of a protein from the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
	GO:0000060	protein import into nucleus, translocation	A protein transport process that contributes to protein import into the nucleus, and that results in the vectorial transfer of a cargo-carrier protein complex through the nuclear pore complex from the cytoplasmic side to the nucleoplasmic side of the nuclear envelope.
	GO:0043491	protein kinase B signaling	A series of reactions, mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B (also called AKT), which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound.
	GO:0006468	protein phosphorylation	The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.
	GO:0032801	receptor catabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.
	GO:0051101	regulation of DNA binding	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA binding. DNA binding is any process in which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
	GO:0060390	regulation of SMAD protein import into nucleus	Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of SMAD protein import into the nucleus, i.e. the directed movement of a SMAD proteins from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. Pathway-restricted SMAD proteins and common-partner SMAD proteins are involved in the transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathways.
	GO:2000249	regulation of actin cytoskeleton reorganization	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of actin cytoskeleton reorganization.
	GO:0042981	regulation of apoptotic process	Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process.
	GO:0051098	regulation of binding	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule.
	GO:0060312	regulation of blood vessel remodeling	Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of blood vessel remodeling, the reorganization or renovation of existing blood vessels.
	GO:0060762	regulation of branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis	Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis.
	GO:0061035	regulation of cartilage development	Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of cartilage development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cartilage over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage is a connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate.
	GO:0030334	regulation of cell migration	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.
	GO:0042127	regulation of cell proliferation	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation.
	GO:1905005	regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation.
	GO:0010468	regulation of gene expression	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
	GO:0032667	regulation of interleukin-23 production	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-23 production.
	GO:0042306	regulation of protein import into nucleus	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of movement of proteins from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.
	GO:0045589	regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of differentiation of regulatory T cells.
	GO:0002028	regulation of sodium ion transport	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
	GO:0016202	regulation of striated muscle tissue development	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle development.
	GO:0017015	regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of activity of any TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway.
	GO:0045066	regulatory T cell differentiation	The process in which a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires specialized features of a regulatory T cell. Regulatory T cells control or suppress immune responses through a variety of mechanisms and subsets include the CD4+CD25+ cell type as well as certain CD8+ cell types.
	GO:0070723	response to cholesterol	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cholesterol stimulus.
	GO:0042493	response to drug	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease.
	GO:0032355	response to estradiol	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by estradiol, a C18 steroid hormone hydroxylated at C3 and C17 that acts as a potent estrogen.
	GO:0009749	response to glucose	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus.
	GO:0001666	response to hypoxia	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level.
	GO:0034616	response to laminar fluid shear stress	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a laminar fluid shear stress stimulus. Laminar fluid flow is the force acting on an object in a system where the fluid is moving across a solid surface in parallel layers. As an example, laminar shear stress can be seen where blood flows against the luminal side of blood vessel walls.
	GO:0014070	response to organic cyclic compound	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus.
	GO:0010033	response to organic substance	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic substance stimulus.
	GO:0032570	response to progesterone	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a progesterone stimulus.
	GO:0009314	response to radiation	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electromagnetic radiation stimulus. Electromagnetic radiation is a propagating wave in space with electric and magnetic components. These components oscillate at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation.
	GO:0033280	response to vitamin D	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin D stimulus.
	GO:0009611	response to wounding	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to the organism.
	GO:0007435	salivary gland morphogenesis	The process in which the anatomical structures of the salivary gland are generated and organized.
	GO:0002513	tolerance induction to self antigen	Tolerance induction directed at self antigens.
	GO:0007179	transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0001657	ureteric bud development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ureteric bud over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
	GO:0042060	wound healing	The series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury.
cellular component
	GO:0005796	Golgi lumen	The volume enclosed by the membranes of any cisterna or subcompartment of the Golgi apparatus, including the cis- and trans-Golgi networks.
	GO:0030424	axon	The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter.
	GO:0072562	blood microparticle	A phospholipid microvesicle that is derived from any of several cell types, such as platelets, blood cells, endothelial cells, or others, and contains membrane receptors as well as other proteins characteristic of the parental cell. Microparticles are heterogeneous in size, and are characterized as microvesicles free of nucleic acids.
	GO:0009986	cell surface	The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
	GO:0005576	extracellular region	The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
	GO:0005615	extracellular space	That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
	GO:0005902	microvillus	Thin cylindrical membrane-covered projections on the surface of an animal cell containing a core bundle of actin filaments. Present in especially large numbers on the absorptive surface of intestinal cells.
	GO:0043025	neuronal cell body	The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites.
	GO:0005634	nucleus	A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
	GO:0005886	plasma membrane	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
	GO:0031093	platelet alpha granule lumen	The volume enclosed by the membrane of the platelet alpha granule.
	GO:0005578	proteinaceous extracellular matrix	A layer consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that forms a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. The proteins are secreted by cells in the vicinity. An example of this component is found in Mus musculus.
	GO:0030141	secretory granule	A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. Secretory granules move towards the periphery of the cell and upon stimulation, their membranes fuse with the cell membrane, and their protein load is exteriorized. Processing of the contained protein may take place in secretory granules.

Chain E,F,G,H (TGFR2_HUMAN | P37173)

molecular function
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.
	GO:0046332	SMAD binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a SMAD signaling protein.
	GO:0005539	glycosaminoglycan binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any glycan (polysaccharide) containing a substantial proportion of aminomonosaccharide residues.
	GO:0016301	kinase activity	Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.
	GO:0046872	metal ion binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
	GO:0031435	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase, any protein that can phosphorylate a MAP kinase kinase.
	GO:0000166	nucleotide binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose.
	GO:0005515	protein binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
	GO:0004672	protein kinase activity	Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP.
	GO:0004674	protein serine/threonine kinase activity	Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.
	GO:0004872	receptor activity	Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity.
	GO:0004702	signal transducer, downstream of receptor, with serine/threonine kinase activity	Conveys a signal from an upstream receptor or intracellular signal transducer by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.
	GO:0016740	transferase activity	Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2.
	GO:0050431	transforming growth factor beta binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with TGF-beta, transforming growth factor beta, a multifunctional peptide that controls proliferation, differentiation and other functions in many cell types.
	GO:0005026	transforming growth factor beta receptor activity, type II	Combining with transforming growth factor beta to initiate a change in cell activity; upon ligand binding, binds to and catalyzes the phosphorylation of a type I TGF-beta receptor.
	GO:0005024	transforming growth factor beta-activated receptor activity	Combining with a transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.
	GO:0004675	transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase activity	Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.
	GO:0034713	type I transforming growth factor beta receptor binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a type I transforming growth factor beta receptor.
	GO:0034714	type III transforming growth factor beta receptor binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a type III transforming growth factor beta receptor.
biological process
	GO:0007219	Notch signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to the receptor Notch on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0032147	activation of protein kinase activity	Any process that initiates the activity of an inactive protein kinase.
	GO:0007568	aging	A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700).
	GO:0009887	animal organ morphogenesis	Morphogenesis of an animal organ. An organ is defined as a tissue or set of tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Morphogenesis is the process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions.
	GO:0031100	animal organ regeneration	The regrowth of a lost or destroyed animal organ.
	GO:0006915	apoptotic process	A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died.
	GO:0001568	blood vessel development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a blood vessel over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The blood vessel is the vasculature carrying blood.
	GO:0007420	brain development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Brain development begins with patterning events in the neural tube and ends with the mature structure that is the center of thought and emotion. The brain is responsible for the coordination and control of bodily activities and the interpretation of information from the senses (sight, hearing, smell, etc.).
	GO:0001569	branching involved in blood vessel morphogenesis	The process of coordinated growth and sprouting of blood vessels giving rise to the organized vascular system.
	GO:0060433	bronchus development	The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a bronchus from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the bronchus and ends with the mature structure. The bronchus is the portion of the airway that connects to the lungs.
	GO:0060434	bronchus morphogenesis	The process in which the bronchus is generated and organized. The bronchus is the portion of the airway that connects to the lungs.
	GO:0051216	cartilage development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cartilage element over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage elements are skeletal elements that consist of connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate.
	GO:0030154	cell differentiation	The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state.
	GO:0007182	common-partner SMAD protein phosphorylation	The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a common-partner SMAD protein. A common partner SMAD protein binds to pathway-restricted SMAD proteins forming a complex that translocates to the nucleus.
	GO:0048565	digestive tract development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the digestive tract over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The digestive tract is the anatomical structure through which food passes and is processed.
	GO:0007566	embryo implantation	Attachment of the blastocyst to the uterine lining.
	GO:0048701	embryonic cranial skeleton morphogenesis	The process in which the anatomical structures of the cranial skeleton are generated and organized during the embryonic phase.
	GO:0035162	embryonic hemopoiesis	The stages of blood cell formation that take place within the embryo.
	GO:0007369	gastrulation	A complex and coordinated series of cellular movements that occurs at the end of cleavage during embryonic development of most animals. The details of gastrulation vary from species to species, but usually result in the formation of the three primary germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm.
	GO:0003430	growth plate cartilage chondrocyte growth	The growth of a growth plate cartilage chondrocyte, where growth contributes to the progression of the chondrocyte over time from one condition to another.
	GO:0003417	growth plate cartilage development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cartilage that will provide a scaffold for mineralization of endochondral bones as they elongate or grow.
	GO:0007507	heart development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the heart over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood.
	GO:0001701	in utero embryonic development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo in the uterus over time, from formation of the zygote in the oviduct, to birth. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.
	GO:0002088	lens development in camera-type eye	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lens over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The lens is a transparent structure in the eye through which light is focused onto the retina. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.
	GO:1990086	lens fiber cell apoptotic process	Any apoptotic process in a lens fiber cell. Lens fiber cells are elongated, tightly packed cells that make up the bulk of the mature lens in a camera-type eye.
	GO:0030324	lung development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lung over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In all air-breathing vertebrates the lungs are developed from the ventral wall of the oesophagus as a pouch which divides into two sacs. In amphibians and many reptiles the lungs retain very nearly this primitive sac-like character, but in the higher forms the connection with the esophagus becomes elongated into the windpipe and the inner walls of the sacs become more and more divided, until, in the mammals, the air spaces become minutely divided into tubes ending in small air cells, in the walls of which the blood circulates in a fine network of capillaries. In mammals the lungs are more or less divided into lobes, and each lung occupies a separate cavity in the thorax.
	GO:0060463	lung lobe morphogenesis	The process in which the anatomical structures of a lung lobe are generated and organized. A lung lobe is a projection that extends from the lung.
	GO:0060425	lung morphogenesis	The process in which the anatomical structures of the lung are generated and organized.
	GO:0060443	mammary gland morphogenesis	The process in which anatomical structures of the mammary gland are generated and organized. Morphogenesis refers to the creation of shape. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk.
	GO:0043011	myeloid dendritic cell differentiation	The process in which a monocyte acquires the specialized features of a dendritic cell, an immunocompetent cell of the lymphoid and hemopoietic systems and skin.
	GO:0060044	negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferation	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell proliferation.
	GO:0008285	negative regulation of cell proliferation	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
	GO:0030512	negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of any TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway.
	GO:0060021	palate development	The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of the palate from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure. The palate is the partition that separates the nasal and oral cavities.
	GO:0060389	pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation	The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a pathway restricted SMAD protein. A pathway restricted SMAD protein is an effector protein that acts directly downstream of the transforming growth factor family receptor.
	GO:0018105	peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	The phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-serine.
	GO:0018107	peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation	The phosphorylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-threonine.
	GO:0016310	phosphorylation	The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide.
	GO:0002663	positive regulation of B cell tolerance induction	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell tolerance induction.
	GO:0051138	positive regulation of NK T cell differentiation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer T cell differentiation.
	GO:0002666	positive regulation of T cell tolerance induction	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell tolerance induction.
	GO:0045766	positive regulation of angiogenesis	Any process that activates or increases angiogenesis.
	GO:0008284	positive regulation of cell proliferation	Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
	GO:0010634	positive regulation of epithelial cell migration	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell migration.
	GO:0010718	positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition	Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition is where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell.
	GO:0002053	positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation	The process of activating or increasing the rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation. Mesenchymal cells are loosely organized embryonic cells.
	GO:2000379	positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of reactive oxygen species metabolic process.
	GO:0043415	positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue regeneration	Any process that activates or increase the rate of skeletal muscle regeneration.
	GO:0048661	positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation.
	GO:0002651	positive regulation of tolerance induction to self antigen	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction to self antigen.
	GO:0006468	protein phosphorylation	The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.
	GO:0006898	receptor-mediated endocytosis	An endocytosis process in which cell surface receptors ensure specificity of transport. A specific receptor on the cell surface binds tightly to the extracellular macromolecule (the ligand) that it recognizes; the plasma-membrane region containing the receptor-ligand complex then undergoes endocytosis, forming a transport vesicle containing the receptor-ligand complex and excluding most other plasma-membrane proteins. Receptor-mediated endocytosis generally occurs via clathrin-coated pits and vesicles.
	GO:0042127	regulation of cell proliferation	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation.
	GO:0010468	regulation of gene expression	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
	GO:0040008	regulation of growth	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the growth of all or part of an organism so that it occurs at its proper speed, either globally or in a specific part of the organism's development.
	GO:0070723	response to cholesterol	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cholesterol stimulus.
	GO:0042493	response to drug	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease.
	GO:0043627	response to estrogen	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by an estrogen, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics.
	GO:0009749	response to glucose	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus.
	GO:0009612	response to mechanical stimulus	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus.
	GO:0007584	response to nutrient	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nutrient stimulus.
	GO:0014070	response to organic cyclic compound	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus.
	GO:0010033	response to organic substance	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic substance stimulus.
	GO:0048545	response to steroid hormone	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a steroid hormone stimulus.
	GO:0023014	signal transduction by protein phosphorylation	A process in which the transfer of one or more phosphate groups to a substrate transmits a signal to the phosphorylated substrate.
	GO:0007224	smoothened signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of activation of the transmembrane protein Smoothened.
	GO:0060440	trachea formation	The process pertaining to the initial formation of a trachea from unspecified parts. The process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the trachea is recognizable. The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches.
	GO:0060439	trachea morphogenesis	The process in which a trachea is generated and organized. The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches.
	GO:0007179	transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0007178	transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses serine/threonine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0001570	vasculogenesis	The differentiation of endothelial cells from progenitor cells during blood vessel development, and the de novo formation of blood vessels and tubes.
	GO:0042060	wound healing	The series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury.
cellular component
	GO:0005901	caveola	A membrane raft that forms small pit, depression, or invagination that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane. Examples include flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane in adipocytes associated with caveolin proteins, and minute pits or incuppings of the cell membrane formed during pinocytosis. Caveolae may be pinched off to form free vesicles within the cytoplasm.
	GO:0009986	cell surface	The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
	GO:0005829	cytosol	The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
	GO:0009897	external side of plasma membrane	The leaflet of the plasma membrane that faces away from the cytoplasm and any proteins embedded or anchored in it or attached to its surface.
	GO:0016021	integral component of membrane	The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
	GO:0005887	integral component of plasma membrane	The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
	GO:0016020	membrane	A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
	GO:0045121	membrane raft	Any of the small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. Small rafts can sometimes be stabilized to form larger platforms through protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions.
	GO:0005886	plasma membrane	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
	GO:0043235	receptor complex	Any protein complex that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.
	GO:0070022	transforming growth factor beta receptor complex	A homodimeric receptor complex that consists of two TGF-beta receptor monomers.

Chain I,J,K,L (TGFR1_HUMAN | P36897)

molecular function
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.
	GO:0070411	I-SMAD binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an inhibitory SMAD signaling protein.
	GO:0046332	SMAD binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a SMAD signaling protein.
	GO:0019838	growth factor binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any growth factor, proteins or polypeptides that stimulate a cell or organism to grow or proliferate.
	GO:0016301	kinase activity	Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.
	GO:0046872	metal ion binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
	GO:0000166	nucleotide binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose.
	GO:0005515	protein binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
	GO:0004672	protein kinase activity	Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP.
	GO:0004674	protein serine/threonine kinase activity	Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.
	GO:0005102	receptor binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.
	GO:0005057	signal transducer activity, downstream of receptor	Conveys a signal from an upstream receptor or intracellular signal transducer, converting the signal into a form where it can ultimately trigger a change in the state or activity of a cell.
	GO:0004702	signal transducer, downstream of receptor, with serine/threonine kinase activity	Conveys a signal from an upstream receptor or intracellular signal transducer by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.
	GO:0016740	transferase activity	Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2.
	GO:0050431	transforming growth factor beta binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with TGF-beta, transforming growth factor beta, a multifunctional peptide that controls proliferation, differentiation and other functions in many cell types.
	GO:0005025	transforming growth factor beta receptor activity, type I	Combining with a complex of transforming growth factor beta and a type II TGF-beta receptor to initiate a change in cell activity; upon binding, acts as a downstream transducer of TGF-beta signals.
	GO:0005024	transforming growth factor beta-activated receptor activity	Combining with a transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.
	GO:0004675	transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase activity	Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.
	GO:0005114	type II transforming growth factor beta receptor binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a type II transforming growth factor beta receptor.
biological process
	GO:0000186	activation of MAPKK activity	The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK).
	GO:0032924	activin receptor signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to an activin receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0001525	angiogenesis	Blood vessel formation when new vessels emerge from the proliferation of pre-existing blood vessels.
	GO:0009952	anterior/posterior pattern specification	The regionalization process in which specific areas of cell differentiation are determined along the anterior-posterior axis. The anterior-posterior axis is defined by a line that runs from the head or mouth of an organism to the tail or opposite end of the organism.
	GO:0006915	apoptotic process	A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died.
	GO:0048844	artery morphogenesis	The process in which the anatomical structures of arterial blood vessels are generated and organized. Arteries are blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and its organs.
	GO:0001824	blastocyst development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the blastocyst over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammalian blastocyst is a hollow ball of cells containing two cell types, the inner cell mass and the trophectoderm.
	GO:0060317	cardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition	A transition where a cardiac epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell.
	GO:0007050	cell cycle arrest	A regulatory process that halts progression through the cell cycle during one of the normal phases (G1, S, G2, M).
	GO:0030154	cell differentiation	The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state.
	GO:0048870	cell motility	Any process involved in the controlled self-propelled movement of a cell that results in translocation of the cell from one place to another.
	GO:0071560	cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a transforming growth factor beta stimulus.
	GO:0030199	collagen fibril organization	Any process that determines the size and arrangement of collagen fibrils within an extracellular matrix.
	GO:0048701	embryonic cranial skeleton morphogenesis	The process in which the anatomical structures of the cranial skeleton are generated and organized during the embryonic phase.
	GO:0042118	endothelial cell activation	The change in morphology and behavior of an endothelial cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor.
	GO:0043542	endothelial cell migration	The orderly movement of an endothelial cell into the extracellular matrix to form an endothelium.
	GO:0001837	epithelial to mesenchymal transition	A transition where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell.
	GO:0043062	extracellular structure organization	A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures in the space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane, and also covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
	GO:0008354	germ cell migration	The orderly movement of a cell specialized to produce haploid gametes through the embryo from its site of production to the place where the gonads will form.
	GO:0007507	heart development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the heart over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood.
	GO:0001701	in utero embryonic development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo in the uterus over time, from formation of the zygote in the oviduct, to birth. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.
	GO:0035556	intracellular signal transduction	The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell.
	GO:0001822	kidney development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The kidney is an organ that filters the blood and/or excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine.
	GO:0002088	lens development in camera-type eye	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lens over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The lens is a transparent structure in the eye through which light is focused onto the retina. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.
	GO:0008584	male gonad development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the male gonad over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
	GO:0048762	mesenchymal cell differentiation	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal cell. A mesenchymal cell is a loosely associated cell that is part of the connective tissue in an organism. Mesenchymal cells give rise to more mature connective tissue cell types.
	GO:0043066	negative regulation of apoptotic process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
	GO:0032331	negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chondrocyte differentiation.
	GO:0001937	negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate or extent of endothelial cell proliferation.
	GO:2001237	negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.
	GO:0030512	negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of any TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway.
	GO:0048663	neuron fate commitment	The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a neuron.
	GO:0060021	palate development	The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of the palate from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure. The palate is the partition that separates the nasal and oral cavities.
	GO:0060017	parathyroid gland development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the parathyroid gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The parathyroid gland is an organ specialised for secretion of parathyroid hormone.
	GO:0060389	pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation	The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a pathway restricted SMAD protein. A pathway restricted SMAD protein is an effector protein that acts directly downstream of the transforming growth factor family receptor.
	GO:0018105	peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	The phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-serine.
	GO:0018107	peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation	The phosphorylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-threonine.
	GO:0060037	pharyngeal system development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pharyngeal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pharyngeal system is a transient embryonic complex that is specific to vertebrates. It comprises the pharyngeal arches, bulges of tissues of mesoderm and neural crest derivation through which pass nerves and pharyngeal arch arteries. The arches are separated internally by pharyngeal pouches, evaginations of foregut endoderm, and externally by pharyngeal clefts, invaginations of surface ectoderm. The development of the system ends when the stucture it contributes to are forming: the thymus, thyroid, parathyroids, maxilla, mandible, aortic arch, cardiac outflow tract, external and middle ear.
	GO:0016310	phosphorylation	The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide.
	GO:0060391	positive regulation of SMAD protein import into nucleus	Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of SMAD protein import into the nucleus, i.e. the directed movement of a SMAD proteins from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. Pathway-restricted SMAD proteins and common-partner SMAD proteins are involved in the transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathways.
	GO:2001235	positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway.
	GO:0030307	positive regulation of cell growth	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth.
	GO:0030335	positive regulation of cell migration	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.
	GO:0008284	positive regulation of cell proliferation	Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
	GO:0051272	positive regulation of cellular component movement	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of a cellular component.
	GO:0001938	positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation	Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of endothelial cell proliferation.
	GO:0051491	positive regulation of filopodium assembly	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of a filopodium, a thin, stiff protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal growth cone.
	GO:0010628	positive regulation of gene expression	Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
	GO:0010862	positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation	Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation. Pathway-restricted SMAD proteins and common-partner SMAD proteins are involved in the transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathways.
	GO:0051897	positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase B signaling, a series of reactions mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B.
	GO:0045893	positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
	GO:0009791	post-embryonic development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the organism over time, from the completion of embryonic development to the mature structure. See embryonic development.
	GO:0006468	protein phosphorylation	The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.
	GO:0010717	regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition	Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell.
	GO:0010468	regulation of gene expression	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
	GO:0040008	regulation of growth	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the growth of all or part of an organism so that it occurs at its proper speed, either globally or in a specific part of the organism's development.
	GO:0043393	regulation of protein binding	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein binding.
	GO:0031396	regulation of protein ubiquitination	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of ubiquitin groups to a protein.
	GO:0006355	regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
	GO:0070723	response to cholesterol	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cholesterol stimulus.
	GO:0007165	signal transduction	The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.
	GO:0023014	signal transduction by protein phosphorylation	A process in which the transfer of one or more phosphate groups to a substrate transmits a signal to the phosphorylated substrate.
	GO:0001501	skeletal system development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skeleton over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skeleton is the bony framework of the body in vertebrates (endoskeleton) or the hard outer envelope of insects (exoskeleton or dermoskeleton).
	GO:0048705	skeletal system morphogenesis	The process in which the anatomical structures of the skeleton are generated and organized.
	GO:0048538	thymus development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the thymus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The thymus is a symmetric bi-lobed organ involved primarily in the differentiation of immature to mature T cells, with unique vascular, nervous, epithelial, and lymphoid cell components.
	GO:0007179	transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0007178	transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses serine/threonine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0042060	wound healing	The series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury.
cellular component
	GO:0005923	bicellular tight junction	An occluding cell-cell junction that is composed of a branching network of sealing strands that completely encircles the apical end of each cell in an epithelial sheet; the outer leaflets of the two interacting plasma membranes are seen to be tightly apposed where sealing strands are present. Each sealing strand is composed of a long row of transmembrane adhesion proteins embedded in each of the two interacting plasma membranes.
	GO:0005623	cell	The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Includes the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope.
	GO:0030054	cell junction	A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. At a cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix.
	GO:0009986	cell surface	The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.
	GO:0005768	endosome	A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered.
	GO:0016021	integral component of membrane	The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
	GO:0005622	intracellular	The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm.
	GO:0016020	membrane	A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
	GO:0045121	membrane raft	Any of the small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. Small rafts can sometimes be stabilized to form larger platforms through protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions.
	GO:0005886	plasma membrane	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
	GO:0043235	receptor complex	Any protein complex that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.
	GO:0070022	transforming growth factor beta receptor complex	A homodimeric receptor complex that consists of two TGF-beta receptor monomers.

Description

Compounds

Structural Features

Chains, Units

Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions (0, 0)

Sites (0, 0)

SS Bonds (62, 62)

Cis Peptide Bonds (8, 8)

Sequence-Structure Mapping

SAPs(SNPs)/Variants (7, 28)

PROSITE Motifs (1, 4)

Exons (7, 28)

Sequences/Alignments

Classification and Annotation

SCOP Domains (2, 8)

CATH Domains (2, 12)

Pfam Domains (3, 12)

Gene Ontology (332, 411)

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Related Entries

Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

Related Entries Specified in the PDB File