| molecular function |
|---|
| | GO:0001530 | | lipopolysaccharide binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with lipopolysaccharide. |
| | GO:0001875 | | lipopolysaccharide receptor activity | | Combining with a lipopolysaccharide and transmitting the signal across the cell membrane to initiate a change in cell activity. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are major components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, making them prime targets for recognition by the immune system. |
| | GO:0005515 | | protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| | GO:0004872 | | receptor activity | | Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity. |
| | GO:0004888 | | transmembrane signaling receptor activity | | Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity or state as part of signal transduction. |
| biological process |
|---|
| | GO:0002322 | | B cell proliferation involved in immune response | | The expansion of a B cell population by cell division following B cell activation during an immune response. |
| | GO:0007249 | | I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling | | The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell through the I-kappaB-kinase (IKK)-dependent activation of NF-kappaB. The cascade begins with activation of a trimeric IKK complex (consisting of catalytic kinase subunits IKKalpha and/or IKKbeta, and the regulatory scaffold protein NEMO) and ends with the regulation of transcription of target genes by NF-kappaB. In a resting state, NF-kappaB dimers are bound to I-kappaB proteins, sequestering NF-kappaB in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of I-kappaB targets I-kappaB for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thus releasing the NF-kappaB dimers, which can translocate to the nucleus to bind DNA and regulate transcription. |
| | GO:0007252 | | I-kappaB phosphorylation | | The process of introducing a phosphate group into an inhibitor of kappa B (I-kappaB) protein. Phosphorylation of I-kappaB targets I-kappaB for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thus releasing bound NF-kappaB dimers, which can translocate to the nucleus to bind DNA and regulate transcription. |
| | GO:0002755 | | MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway | | Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor where the MyD88 adaptor molecule mediates transduction of the signal. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response. |
| | GO:0002756 | | MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway | | Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor not relying on the MyD88 adaptor molecule. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response. |
| | GO:0042088 | | T-helper 1 type immune response | | An immune response which is associated with resistance to intracellular bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, and pathological conditions such as arthritis, and which is typically orchestrated by the production of particular cytokines by T-helper 1 cells, most notably interferon-gamma, IL-2, and lymphotoxin. |
| | GO:0035666 | | TRIF-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway | | Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor where the TRIF adaptor mediates transduction of the signal. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response. |
| | GO:0000187 | | activation of MAPK activity | | The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase (MAPK). |
| | GO:0002218 | | activation of innate immune response | | Any process that initiates an innate immune response. Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens. Examples of this process include activation of the hypersensitive response of Arabidopsis thaliana and activation of any NOD or TLR signaling pathway in vertebrate species. |
| | GO:0097190 | | apoptotic signaling pathway | | A series of molecular signals which triggers the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with reception of a signal, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. |
| | GO:0014002 | | astrocyte development | | The process aimed at the progression of an astrocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. An astrocyte is the most abundant type of glial cell. Astrocytes provide support for neurons and regulate the environment in which they function. |
| | GO:0071222 | | cellular response to lipopolysaccharide | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipopolysaccharide stimulus; lipopolysaccharide is a major component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria. |
| | GO:0071223 | | cellular response to lipoteichoic acid | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipoteichoic acid stimulus; lipoteichoic acid is a major component of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a chain of glycerol-phosphate repeating units linked to a glycolipid anchor. |
| | GO:0071260 | | cellular response to mechanical stimulus | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus. |
| | GO:0050829 | | defense response to Gram-negative bacterium | | Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a Gram-negative bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism. |
| | GO:0042742 | | defense response to bacterium | | Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism. |
| | GO:0016046 | | detection of fungus | | The series of events in which a stimulus from a fungus is received and converted into a molecular signal. |
| | GO:0032497 | | detection of lipopolysaccharide | | The series of events in which a lipopolysaccharide stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. Lipopolysaccharide is a major component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria. |
| | GO:0006955 | | immune response | | Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. |
| | GO:0002376 | | immune system process | | Any process involved in the development or functioning of the immune system, an organismal system for calibrated responses to potential internal or invasive threats. |
| | GO:0006954 | | inflammatory response | | The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages. |
| | GO:0045087 | | innate immune response | | Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens. |
| | GO:0032609 | | interferon-gamma production | | The appearance of interferon-gamma due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon. |
| | GO:0050702 | | interleukin-1 beta secretion | | The regulated release of interleukin 1 beta from a cell. |
| | GO:0060729 | | intestinal epithelial structure maintenance | | A tissue homeostatic process required for the maintenance of the structure of the intestinal epithelium. |
| | GO:0031663 | | lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway | | A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to a receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Lipopolysaccharides are major components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, making them prime targets for recognition by the immune system. |
| | GO:0042116 | | macrophage activation | | A change in morphology and behavior of a macrophage resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. |
| | GO:0070266 | | necroptotic process | | A programmed necrotic cell death process which begins when a cell receives a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a death receptor or to a Toll-like receptor), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathways), characterized by activation of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 and/or 3 (RIPK1/3, also called RIP1/3) and by critical dependence on mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL), and which typically lead to common morphological features of necrotic cell death. The process ends when the cell has died. The process is divided into a signaling phase, and an execution phase, which is triggered by the former. |
| | GO:0070373 | | negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade. |
| | GO:0034128 | | negative regulation of MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway. |
| | GO:0032689 | | negative regulation of interferon-gamma production | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-gamma production. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon. |
| | GO:0032700 | | negative regulation of interleukin-17 production | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of production of any member of the interleukin-17 family of cytokines. |
| | GO:0032707 | | negative regulation of interleukin-23 production | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-23 production. |
| | GO:0032715 | | negative regulation of interleukin-6 production | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-6 production. |
| | GO:0045671 | | negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast differentiation. |
| | GO:0032720 | | negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of tumor necrosis factor production. |
| | GO:0002537 | | nitric oxide production involved in inflammatory response | | The synthesis or release of nitric oxide following a stimulus as part of an inflammatory response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. |
| | GO:0030890 | | positive regulation of B cell proliferation | | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of B cell proliferation. |
| | GO:0070374 | | positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade. |
| | GO:0043123 | | positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling. |
| | GO:0046330 | | positive regulation of JNK cascade | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the JNK cascade. |
| | GO:0045348 | | positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of MHC class II. |
| | GO:0042346 | | positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transfer of NF-kappaB, a transcription factor for eukaryotic RNA polymerase II promoters, from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, across the nuclear membrane. |
| | GO:0051092 | | positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB. |
| | GO:1900227 | | positive regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome complex assembly | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of NLRP3 inflammasome complex assembly. |
| | GO:0032722 | | positive regulation of chemokine production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of chemokine production. |
| | GO:0010628 | | positive regulation of gene expression | | Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. |
| | GO:0050729 | | positive regulation of inflammatory response | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response. |
| | GO:0032727 | | positive regulation of interferon-alpha production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-alpha production. |
| | GO:0045359 | | positive regulation of interferon-beta biosynthetic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interferon-beta. |
| | GO:0032728 | | positive regulation of interferon-beta production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-beta production. |
| | GO:0032729 | | positive regulation of interferon-gamma production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-gamma production. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon. |
| | GO:0032732 | | positive regulation of interleukin-1 production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-1 production. |
| | GO:0032733 | | positive regulation of interleukin-10 production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-10 production. |
| | GO:0045084 | | positive regulation of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-12. |
| | GO:0032735 | | positive regulation of interleukin-12 production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-12 production. |
| | GO:0032755 | | positive regulation of interleukin-6 production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-6 production. |
| | GO:0045416 | | positive regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-8. |
| | GO:0032757 | | positive regulation of interleukin-8 production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-8 production. |
| | GO:0050671 | | positive regulation of lymphocyte proliferation | | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of lymphocyte proliferation. |
| | GO:0060907 | | positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production | | Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage cytokine production. Macrophage cytokine production is the appearance of a chemokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. |
| | GO:0045429 | | positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide. |
| | GO:0051770 | | positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nitric oxide synthase enzyme. |
| | GO:0070430 | | positive regulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 signaling pathway | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 (NOD1) pathway. |
| | GO:0070434 | | positive regulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) pathway. |
| | GO:0010572 | | positive regulation of platelet activation | | Any process that increases the rate or frequency of platelet activation. Platelet activation is a series of progressive, overlapping events triggered by exposure of the platelets to subendothelial tissue. |
| | GO:0032874 | | positive regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the stress-activated MAPK cascade. |
| | GO:0045944 | | positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
| | GO:0042535 | | positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tumor necrosis factor, an inflammatory cytokine produced by macrophages/monocytes during acute inflammation and which is responsible for a diverse range of signaling events within cells, leading to necrosis or apoptosis. |
| | GO:0032760 | | positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of tumor necrosis factor production. |
| | GO:0050707 | | regulation of cytokine secretion | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cytokines from a cell. |
| | GO:0002730 | | regulation of dendritic cell cytokine production | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of dendritic cell cytokine production. |
| | GO:0050727 | | regulation of inflammatory response | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response, the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. |
| | GO:0009617 | | response to bacterium | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a bacterium. |
| | GO:0032496 | | response to lipopolysaccharide | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipopolysaccharide stimulus; lipopolysaccharide is a major component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria. |
| | GO:0007165 | | signal transduction | | The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. |
| | GO:0034142 | | toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway | | Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to toll-like receptor 4. |
| | GO:0002224 | | toll-like receptor signaling pathway | | Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response. |
| cellular component |
|---|
| | GO:0009986 | | cell surface | | The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane. |
| | GO:0005737 | | cytoplasm | | All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| | GO:0010008 | | endosome membrane | | The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome. |
| | GO:0009897 | | external side of plasma membrane | | The leaflet of the plasma membrane that faces away from the cytoplasm and any proteins embedded or anchored in it or attached to its surface. |
| | GO:0016021 | | integral component of membrane | | The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. |
| | GO:0005887 | | integral component of plasma membrane | | The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. |
| | GO:0031226 | | intrinsic component of plasma membrane | | The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane. |
| | GO:0046696 | | lipopolysaccharide receptor complex | | A multiprotein complex that consists of at least three proteins, CD14, TLR4, and MD-2, each of which is glycosylated and which functions as a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) receptor that primes the innate immune response against bacterial pathogens. |
| | GO:0016020 | | membrane | | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it. |
| | GO:0048471 | | perinuclear region of cytoplasm | | Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus. |
| | GO:0005886 | | plasma membrane | | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. |
Description
