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(-)Asym./Biol. Unit
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Asym./Biol. Unit  (Jmol Viewer)

(-) Description

Title :  THE STRUCTURE OF THE ACTIVIN:FOLLISTATIN 315 COMPLEX
 
Authors :  T. F. Lerch, S. Shimasaki, T. K. Woodruff, T. S. Jardetzky
Date :  16 Mar 07  (Deposition) - 03 Apr 07  (Release) - 09 Nov 11  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  3.40
Chains :  Asym./Biol. Unit :  A,B,C,D,E
Keywords :  Follistatin, Activin, Inhibin, Tgf-Beta, Signaling Protein (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  T. F. Lerch, S. Shimasaki, T. K. Woodruff, T. S. Jardetzky
Structural And Biophysical Coupling Of Heparin And Activin Binding To Follistatin Isoform Functions.
J. Biol. Chem. V. 282 15930 2007
PubMed-ID: 17409095  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1074/JBC.M700737200

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - INHIBIN BETA A CHAIN
    ChainsA, B
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemCRICETULUS GRISEUS
    Expression System CommonCHINESE HAMSTER
    Expression System Taxid10029
    GeneINHBA
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606
    SynonymACTIVIN BETA-A CHAIN, ERYTHROID DIFFERENTIATION PROTEIN, EDF
 
Molecule 2 - FOLLISTATIN
    ChainsD, C
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemCRICETULUS GRISEUS
    Expression System CommonCHINESE HAMSTER
    Expression System Taxid10029
    GeneFST
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606
    SynonymFS, ACTIVIN-BINDING PROTEIN
 
Molecule 3 - PROBABLE FRAGMENT OF FOLLISTATIN
    ChainsE
    EngineeredYES

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  12345
Asymmetric/Biological Unit ABCDE

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (0, 0)

(no "Ligand,Modified Residues,Ions" information available for 2P6A)

(-) Sites  (0, 0)

(no "Site" information available for 2P6A)

(-) SS Bonds  (36, 36)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
No.Residues
1A:11 -A:81
2A:40 -A:113
3A:44 -A:115
4B:11 -B:81
5B:40 -B:113
6B:44 -B:115
7C:3 -C:26
8C:13 -C:59
9C:27 -C:62
10C:66 -C:77
11C:71 -C:87
12C:89 -C:121
13C:93 -C:114
14C:103 -C:135
15C:139 -C:150
16C:144 -C:160
17C:163 -C:196
18C:167 -C:189
19C:178 -C:210
20C:216 -C:227
21C:241 -C:273
22C:245 -C:266
23D:3 -D:26
24D:13 -D:59
25D:27 -D:62
26D:66 -D:77
27D:71 -D:87
28D:103 -D:135
29D:139 -D:150
30D:144 -D:160
31D:163 -D:196
32D:167 -D:189
33D:178 -D:210
34D:216 -D:227
35D:221 -D:238
36D:255 -D:287

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (2, 2)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
No.Residues
1Ala A:31 -Pro A:32
2Ala B:31 -Pro B:32

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (2, 4)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (2, 4)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_072641N386SINHBA_HUMANUnclassified  ---A/BN76S
2UniProtVAR_049091E152QFST_HUMANPolymorphism11745088C/DE123Q

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (3, 10)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (3, 10)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1TBPS51364 TGF-beta binding (TB) domain profile.FST_HUMAN30-91
 
  2C:1-62
D:1-62
2KAZAL_2PS51465 Kazal domain profile.FST_HUMAN117-166
 
190-241
 
268-318
 
  6C:88-137
D:88-137
C:161-212
D:161-212
C:239-289
D:239-289
3TGF_BETA_1PS00250 TGF-beta family signature.INHBA_HUMAN339-354
 
  2A:29-44
B:29-44

(-) Exons   (6, 12)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (6, 12)
 ENSEMBLUniProtKBPDB
No.Transcript IDExonExon IDGenome LocationLengthIDLocationLengthCountLocationLength
1.1ENST000002422081ENSE00001410976chr7:41742706-41742603104INHBA_HUMAN-00--
1.2bENST000002422082bENSE00001410336chr7:41740115-41739585531INHBA_HUMAN1-1301300--
1.4cENST000002422084cENSE00001887422chr7:41730140-417247125429INHBA_HUMAN130-4262972A:1-116
B:1-116
116
116

2.1aENST000002567591aENSE00001190599chr5:52776239-52776706468FST_HUMAN1-29290--
2.2bENST000002567592bENSE00000743379chr5:52778710-52778901192FST_HUMAN29-93652C:1-64
D:1-64
64
64
2.3aENST000002567593aENSE00000743381chr5:52779334-52779552219FST_HUMAN93-166742C:64-137 (gaps)
D:64-137 (gaps)
74
74
2.4bENST000002567594bENSE00000743382chr5:52779899-52780123225FST_HUMAN166-241762C:137-212 (gaps)
D:137-212
76
76
2.5aENST000002567595aENSE00000743383chr5:52780827-52781057231FST_HUMAN241-318782C:212-289 (gaps)
D:212-289 (gaps)
78
78
2.6dENST000002567596dENSE00001941684chr5:52781781-527829641184FST_HUMAN318-344272C:289-290
D:289-299
2
11

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:116
 aligned with INHBA_HUMAN | P08476 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:426

    Alignment length:116
                                   320       330       340       350       360       370       380       390       400       410       420      
          INHBA_HUMAN   311 GLECDGKVNICCKKQFFVSFKDIGWNDWIIAPSGYHANYCEGECPSHIAGTSGSSLSFHSTVINHYRMRGHSPFANLKSCCVPTKLRPMSMLYYDDGQNIIKKDIQNMIVEECGCS 426
               SCOP domains d2p6aa1 A:1-116 Activin A (Inhibin beta A)                                                                           SCOP domains
               CATH domains 2p6aA00 A:1-116 Cystine-knot cytokines                                                                               CATH domains
               Pfam domains -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ..................hhhhhhhhhh.................hhhhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhh...eeeeeeeeeeeeee.....eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------S---------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ----------------------------TGF_BETA_1      ------------------------------------------------------------------------ PROSITE
               Transcript 1 Exon 1.4c  PDB: A:1-116 UniProt: 130-426 [INCOMPLETE]                                                                Transcript 1
                 2p6a A   1 GLECDGKVNICCKKQFFVSFKDIGWNDWIIAPSGYHANYCEGECPSHIAGTSGSSLSFHSTVINHYRMRGHSPFANLKSCCVPTKLRPMSMLYYDDGQNIIKKDIQNMIVEECGCS 116
                                    10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80        90       100       110      

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:116
 aligned with INHBA_HUMAN | P08476 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:426

    Alignment length:116
                                   320       330       340       350       360       370       380       390       400       410       420      
          INHBA_HUMAN   311 GLECDGKVNICCKKQFFVSFKDIGWNDWIIAPSGYHANYCEGECPSHIAGTSGSSLSFHSTVINHYRMRGHSPFANLKSCCVPTKLRPMSMLYYDDGQNIIKKDIQNMIVEECGCS 426
               SCOP domains d2p6ab1 B:1-116 Activin A (Inhibin beta A)                                                                           SCOP domains
               CATH domains 2p6aB00 B:1-116 Cystine-knot cytokines                                                                               CATH domains
           Pfam domains (1) -------TGF_beta-2p6aB01 B:8-116                                                                                      Pfam domains (1)
           Pfam domains (2) -------TGF_beta-2p6aB02 B:8-116                                                                                      Pfam domains (2)
         Sec.struct. author ............ee........................ee...............hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.....eeeee...ee..ee.....ee..ee......eeee. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------S---------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ----------------------------TGF_BETA_1      ------------------------------------------------------------------------ PROSITE
               Transcript 1 Exon 1.4c  PDB: B:1-116 UniProt: 130-426 [INCOMPLETE]                                                                Transcript 1
                 2p6a B   1 GLECDGKVNICCKKQFFVSFKDIGWNDWIIAPSGYHANYCEGECPSHIAGTSGSSLSFHSTVINHYRMRGHSPFANLKSCCVPTKLRPMSMLYYDDGQNIIKKDIQNMIVEECGCS 116
                                    10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80        90       100       110      

Chain C from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:282
 aligned with FST_HUMAN | P19883 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:344

    Alignment length:290
                                    39        49        59        69        79        89        99       109       119       129       139       149       159       169       179       189       199       209       219       229       239       249       259       269       279       289       299       309       319
            FST_HUMAN    30 GNCWLRQAKNGRCQVLYKTELSKEECCSTGRLSTSWTEEDVNDNTLFKWMIFNGGAPNCIPCKETCENVDCGPGKKCRMNKKNKPRCVCAPDCSNITWKGPVCGLDGKTYRNECALLKARCKEQPELEVQYQGRCKKTCRDVFCPGSSTCVVDQTNNAYCVTCNRICPEPASSEQYLCGNDGVTYSSACHLRKATCLLGRSIGLAYEGKCIKAKSCEDIQCTGGKKCLWDFKVGRGRCSLCDELCPDSKSDEPVCASDNATYASECAMKEAACSSGVLLEVKHSGSCNSI 319
               SCOP domains -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2p6aC03 C:172-212                        ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CATH domains
               Pfam domains -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .eeeeeee..eeeeeeeee..hhhhhhh......eee......hhhhhhhhhh....................--.ee.......ee........---.............hhhhhhhhhhhh.........................eeee.....eeee.........-.....eee..eeee.hhhhhhhhhhhhh....eee...................eeeee....eeeee........--....eee...ee..hhhhhhhhhh.........ee...... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Q----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE TB  PDB: C:1-62 UniProt: 30-91                                -------------------------KAZAL_2  PDB: C:88-137 UniProt: 117-166           -----------------------KAZAL_2  PDB: C:161-212 UniProt: 190-241            --------------------------KAZAL_2  PDB: C:239-289 UniProt: 268-318           - PROSITE
           Transcript 2 (1) Exon 2.2b  PDB: C:1-64 UniProt: 29-93 [INCOMPLETE]              ------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 2.4b  PDB: C:137-212 (gaps) UniProt: 166-241                           ----------------------------------------------------------------------------2. Transcript 2 (1)
           Transcript 2 (2) ---------------------------------------------------------------Exon 2.3a  PDB: C:64-137 (gaps) UniProt: 93-166                           --------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 2.5a  PDB: C:212-289 (gaps) UniProt: 241-318                             - Transcript 2 (2)
                 2p6a C   1 GNCWLRQAKNGRCQVLYKTELSKEECCSTGRLSTSWTEEDVNDNTLFKWMIFNGGAPNCIPCKETCENVDCGP--KCRMNKKNKPRCVCAPDCSN---KGPVCGLDGKTYRNECALLKARCKEQPELEVQYQGRCKKTCRDVFCPGSSTCVVDQTNNAYCVTCNRICPEP-SSEQYLCGNDGVTYSSACHLRKATCLLGRSIGLAYEGKCIKAKSCEDIQCTGGKKCLWDFKVGRGRCSLCDELCPD--SDEPVCASDNATYASECAMKEAACSSGVLLEVKHSGSCNSI 290
                                    10        20        30        40        50        60        70  |  |  80        90    |  100       110       120       130       140       150       160       170 |     180       190       200       210       220       230       240      |250       260       270       280       290
                                                                                                   73 76                 95  99                                                                    170 |                                                                        247  |                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                                     172                                                                           250                                        

Chain D from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:292
 aligned with FST_HUMAN | P19883 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:344

    Alignment length:299
                                    39        49        59        69        79        89        99       109       119       129       139       149       159       169       179       189       199       209       219       229       239       249       259       269       279       289       299       309       319         
            FST_HUMAN    30 GNCWLRQAKNGRCQVLYKTELSKEECCSTGRLSTSWTEEDVNDNTLFKWMIFNGGAPNCIPCKETCENVDCGPGKKCRMNKKNKPRCVCAPDCSNITWKGPVCGLDGKTYRNECALLKARCKEQPELEVQYQGRCKKTCRDVFCPGSSTCVVDQTNNAYCVTCNRICPEPASSEQYLCGNDGVTYSSACHLRKATCLLGRSIGLAYEGKCIKAKSCEDIQCTGGKKCLWDFKVGRGRCSLCDELCPDSKSDEPVCASDNATYASECAMKEAACSSGVLLEVKHSGSCNSISEDTEEEEE 328
               SCOP domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
           Pfam domains (1) -----------------------------------------------------------------FOLN-2p6  aD01 D:66-87--------   -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Kazal_1-2p  6aD03 D:238-287                       ------------ Pfam domains (1)
           Pfam domains (2) -----------------------------------------------------------------FOLN-2p6  aD02 D:66-87--------   -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Kazal_1-2p  6aD04 D:238-287                       ------------ Pfam domains (2)
           Pfam domains (3) -------------------------------------------------------------------------  --------------------   -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Kazal_1-2p  6aD05 D:238-287                       ------------ Pfam domains (3)
           Pfam domains (4) -------------------------------------------------------------------------  --------------------   -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Kazal_1-2p  6aD06 D:238-287                       ------------ Pfam domains (4)
           Pfam domains (5) -------------------------------------------------------------------------  --------------------   -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Kazal_1-2p  6aD07 D:238-287                       ------------ Pfam domains (5)
           Pfam domains (6) -------------------------------------------------------------------------  --------------------   -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Kazal_1-2p  6aD08 D:238-287                       ------------ Pfam domains (6)
         Sec.struct. author .eee.ee.....ee.......hhhhhh.......eee......hhhhhhhhh.......ee............--.eeee...eeee........---...eee....ee.hhhhhhhhhhhh.....eeee................eeee.....eeee...............ee.....ee.hhhhhhhhhhhhh...............hhhhh......eeeee....eeeee........--..............hhhhhhhhhhhh........................ Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Q-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE TB  PDB: D:1-62 UniProt: 30-91                                -------------------------KAZAL_2  PDB: D:88-137 UniProt: 117-166           -----------------------KAZAL_2  PDB: D:161-212 UniProt: 190-241            --------------------------KAZAL_2  PDB: D:239-289 UniProt: 268-318           ---------- PROSITE
           Transcript 2 (1) Exon 2.2b  PDB: D:1-64 UniProt: 29-93 [INCOMPLETE]              ------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 2.4b  PDB: D:137-212 UniProt: 166-241                                  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 2.6d   Transcript 2 (1)
           Transcript 2 (2) ---------------------------------------------------------------Exon 2.3a  PDB: D:64-137 (gaps) UniProt: 93-166                           --------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 2.5a  PDB: D:212-289 (gaps) UniProt: 241-318                             ---------- Transcript 2 (2)
                 2p6a D   1 GNCWLRQAKNGRCQVLYKTELSKEECCSTGRLSTSWTEEDVNDNTLFKWMIFNGGAPNCIPCKETCENVDCGP--KCRMNKKNKPRCVCAPDCSN---KGPVCGLDGKTYRNECALLKARCKEQPELEVQYQGRCKKTCRDVFCPGSSTCVVDQTNNAYCVTCNRICPEPASSEQYLCGNDGVTYSSACHLRKATCLLGRSIGLAYEGKCIKAKSCEDIQCTGGKKCLWDFKVGRGRCSLCDELCPD--SDEPVCASDNATYASECAMKEAACSSGVLLEVKHSGSCNSISEDTEEEEE 299
                                    10        20        30        40        50        60        70  |  |  80        90    |  100       110       120       130       140       150       160       170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240      |250       260       270       280       290         
                                                                                                   73 76                 95  99                                                                                                                                                 247  |                                                 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   250                                                 

Chain E from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:10
                                          
               SCOP domains ---------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ---------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ---------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .......... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ---------- PROSITE
                 Transcript ---------- Transcript
                 2p6a E   1 AAAAAAAAAA  10
                                    10

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (1, 2)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

(-) CATH Domains  (2, 3)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
(-)
Class: Alpha Beta (26913)
(-)
Class: Mainly Beta (13760)

(-) Pfam Domains  (3, 10)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
(-)
Clan: EGF (60)
(-)
Clan: Kazal (46)
3aKazal_1-2p6aD03D:238-287
3bKazal_1-2p6aD04D:238-287
3cKazal_1-2p6aD05D:238-287
3dKazal_1-2p6aD06D:238-287
3eKazal_1-2p6aD07D:238-287
3fKazal_1-2p6aD08D:238-287

(-) Gene Ontology  (73, 76)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A,B   (INHBA_HUMAN | P08476)
molecular function
    GO:0005125    cytokine activity    Functions to control the survival, growth, differentiation and effector function of tissues and cells.
    GO:0008083    growth factor activity    The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation.
    GO:0005179    hormone activity    The action characteristic of a hormone, any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action. The term was originally applied to agents with a stimulatory physiological action in vertebrate animals (as opposed to a chalone, which has a depressant action). Usage is now extended to regulatory compounds in lower animals and plants, and to synthetic substances having comparable effects; all bind receptors and trigger some biological process.
    GO:0042802    identical protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein or proteins.
    GO:0034711    inhibin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an inhibin monomer, any of the polypeptides that combine to form activin and inhibin dimers.
    GO:0017046    peptide hormone binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any peptide with hormonal activity in animals.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0046982    protein heterodimerization activity    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nonidentical protein to form a heterodimer.
    GO:0005102    receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.
    GO:0005160    transforming growth factor beta receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the transforming growth factor beta receptor.
    GO:0070699    type II activin receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a type II activin receptor.
biological process
    GO:0000082    G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle    The mitotic cell cycle transition by which a cell in G1 commits to S phase. The process begins with the build up of G1 cyclin-dependent kinase (G1 CDK), resulting in the activation of transcription of G1 cyclins. The process ends with the positive feedback of the G1 cyclins on the G1 CDK which commits the cell to S phase, in which DNA replication is initiated.
    GO:0097154    GABAergic neuron differentiation    The process in which a neuroblast acquires the specialized structural and functional features of a GABAergic neuron.
    GO:0060395    SMAD protein signal transduction    The cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor, causing a change in the activity of a SMAD protein, and ultimately effecting a change in the functioning of the cell.
    GO:0032924    activin receptor signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to an activin receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
    GO:0007050    cell cycle arrest    A regulatory process that halts progression through the cell cycle during one of the normal phases (G1, S, G2, M).
    GO:0048468    cell development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate.
    GO:0030154    cell differentiation    The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state.
    GO:0007166    cell surface receptor signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
    GO:0007267    cell-cell signaling    Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another. This process includes signal transduction in the receiving cell and, where applicable, release of a ligand and any processes that actively facilitate its transport and presentation to the receiving cell. Examples include signaling via soluble ligands, via cell adhesion molecules and via gap junctions.
    GO:0071397    cellular response to cholesterol    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cholesterol stimulus.
    GO:0071372    cellular response to follicle-stimulating hormone stimulus    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a follicle-stimulating hormone stimulus.
    GO:0006952    defense response    Reactions, triggered in response to the presence of a foreign body or the occurrence of an injury, which result in restriction of damage to the organism attacked or prevention/recovery from the infection caused by the attack.
    GO:0035987    endodermal cell differentiation    The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an endoderm cell, a cell of the inner of the three germ layers of the embryo.
    GO:0030218    erythrocyte differentiation    The process in which a myeloid precursor cell acquires specializes features of an erythrocyte.
    GO:0097191    extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals in which a signal is conveyed from the cell surface to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with either a ligand binding to a cell surface receptor, or a ligand being withdrawn from a cell surface receptor (e.g. in the case of signaling by dependence receptors), and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered.
    GO:0061029    eyelid development in camera-type eye    The progression of the eyelid in a camera-type eye from its formation to the mature state. The eyelid is a membranous cover that helps protect and lubricate the eye.
    GO:0040007    growth    The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell.
    GO:0001942    hair follicle development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hair follicle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A hair follicle is a tube-like opening in the epidermis where the hair shaft develops and into which the sebaceous glands open.
    GO:0002244    hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation    The process in which precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a hematopoietic progenitor cell, a class of cell types including myeloid progenitor cells and lymphoid progenitor cells.
    GO:0042541    hemoglobin biosynthetic process    The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hemoglobin, an oxygen carrying, conjugated protein containing four heme groups and globin.
    GO:0008584    male gonad development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the male gonad over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
    GO:0001707    mesoderm formation    The process that gives rise to the mesoderm. This process pertains to the initial formation of the structure from unspecified parts.
    GO:0048333    mesodermal cell differentiation    The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a mesoderm cell.
    GO:0045578    negative regulation of B cell differentiation    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of B cell differentiation.
    GO:0045786    negative regulation of cell cycle    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle.
    GO:0030308    negative regulation of cell growth    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth.
    GO:0008285    negative regulation of cell proliferation    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
    GO:0046882    negative regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone.
    GO:0045077    negative regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interferon-gamma.
    GO:0045650    negative regulation of macrophage differentiation    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage differentiation.
    GO:0042326    negative regulation of phosphorylation    Any process that stops, prevents or decreases the rate of addition of phosphate groups to a molecule.
    GO:0007399    nervous system development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state.
    GO:0042476    odontogenesis    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tooth or teeth over time, from formation to the mature structure(s). A tooth is any hard bony, calcareous, or chitinous organ found in the mouth or pharynx of an animal and used in procuring or masticating food.
    GO:0001541    ovarian follicle development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ovarian follicle over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
    GO:0060021    palate development    The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of the palate from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure. The palate is the partition that separates the nasal and oral cavities.
    GO:0032270    positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein, occurring at the level of an individual cell.
    GO:0045648    positive regulation of erythrocyte differentiation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of erythrocyte differentiation.
    GO:2001241    positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand.
    GO:0046881    positive regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone.
    GO:0010628    positive regulation of gene expression    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
    GO:0060279    positive regulation of ovulation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ovulation, the release of a mature ovum/oocyte from an ovary.
    GO:0010862    positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation    Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation. Pathway-restricted SMAD proteins and common-partner SMAD proteins are involved in the transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathways.
    GO:0045944    positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
    GO:0045893    positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
    GO:0042701    progesterone secretion    The regulated release of progesterone, a steroid hormone, by the corpus luteum of the ovary and by the placenta.
    GO:0043408    regulation of MAPK cascade    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the MAP kinase (MAPK) cascade.
    GO:0046880    regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone.
    GO:0006357    regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
    GO:0042493    response to drug    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease.
    GO:0021773    striatal medium spiny neuron differentiation    The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a medium spiny neuron residing in the striatum.
cellular component
    GO:0043509    activin A complex    A nonsteroidal regulator, composed of two covalently linked inhibin beta-A subunits (sometimes known as activin beta-A or activin/inhibin beta-A).
    GO:0005576    extracellular region    The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
    GO:0005615    extracellular space    That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
    GO:0043512    inhibin A complex    Heterodimeric hormone composed of an inhibin alpha subunit complexed with an inhibin beta-A subunit.
    GO:0048471    perinuclear region of cytoplasm    Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus.

Chain C,D   (FST_HUMAN | P19883)
molecular function
    GO:0048185    activin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with activin, a dimer of inhibin-beta subunits.
    GO:0043395    heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, any proteoglycan containing heparan sulfate as the glycosaminoglycan carbohydrate unit.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0004871    signal transducer activity    Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response.
biological process
    GO:0002244    hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation    The process in which precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a hematopoietic progenitor cell, a class of cell types including myeloid progenitor cells and lymphoid progenitor cells.
    GO:0032926    negative regulation of activin receptor signaling pathway    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of any activin receptor signaling pathway.
    GO:0000122    negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
    GO:0051798    positive regulation of hair follicle development    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hair follicle development.
    GO:0007165    signal transduction    The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.
cellular component
    GO:0005576    extracellular region    The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.

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 Related Entries

(-) Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
        FST_HUMAN | P198832b0u 3hh2 5jhw
        INHBA_HUMAN | P084761nys 1nyu 1s4y 2arp 2arv 2b0u 3b4v 4mid 5hly 5hlz

(-) Related Entries Specified in the PDB File

(no "Related Entries Specified in the PDB File" available for 2P6A)