molecular function |
| GO:0050692 | | DBD domain binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the DBD, DNA binding domain, of a protein. The DNA binding domain of the vitamin D receptor, one of a family of receptors with the DBD, is split into three regions, the P, D and T boxes. Residues that are critical for target sequence selectivity form the P-box. The D-box contains residues that are important for homodimerization of class I nuclear receptors. The T-box is essential for both DNA-binding and transactivation of the VDR; this region may also be important for dimerization with RXR for class II nuclear receptors. |
| GO:0003677 | | DNA binding | | Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively and non-covalently with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). |
| GO:0050693 | | LBD domain binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the LBD, the ligand binding domain found in nuclear receptors. In general, the LBDs consist of three layers comprised of twelve alpha-helices and several beta-strands that are organized around a lipophilic ligand-binding pocket. |
| GO:0000981 | | RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription by RNA polymerase II. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex. |
| GO:0001046 | | core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is part of a core promoter region composed of the transcription start site and binding sites for the basal transcription machinery. The transcribed region might be described as a gene, cistron, or operon. |
| GO:0016922 | | ligand-dependent nuclear receptor binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently, in a ligand dependent manner, with a nuclear receptor protein. |
| GO:0005515 | | protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| GO:0043565 | | sequence-specific DNA binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding. |
| GO:0003714 | | transcription corepressor activity | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a repressing transcription factor and also with the basal transcription machinery in order to stop, prevent, or reduce the frequency, rate or extent of transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind the template nucleic acid, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between repressive transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery. |
| GO:0003705 | | transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is in a distal enhancer region for RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) in order to modulate transcription by RNAP II. |
| GO:0003700 | | transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex. |
| GO:0044212 | | transcription regulatory region DNA binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a DNA region that regulates the transcription of a region of DNA, which may be a gene, cistron, or operon. Binding may occur as a sequence specific interaction or as an interaction observed only once a factor has been recruited to the DNA by other factors. |
| GO:0001078 | | transcriptional repressor activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is in cis with and relatively close to a core promoter for RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) in order to stop, prevent, or reduce the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
biological process |
| GO:0090425 | | acinar cell differentiation | | The epithelial cell differentiation process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an acinar cell, a secretory cell that is grouped together with other cells of the same type to form grape-shaped clusters known as acini. |
| GO:0060414 | | aorta smooth muscle tissue morphogenesis | | The process in which the structure of the smooth muscle tissue surrounding the aorta is generated and organized. An aorta is an artery that carries blood from the heart to other parts of the body. |
| GO:0055009 | | atrial cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis | | The process in which the anatomical structure of cardiac atrium muscle is generated and organized. |
| GO:0007420 | | brain development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Brain development begins with patterning events in the neural tube and ends with the mature structure that is the center of thought and emotion. The brain is responsible for the coordination and control of bodily activities and the interpretation of information from the senses (sight, hearing, smell, etc.). |
| GO:0061114 | | branching involved in pancreas morphogenesis | | The process in which the branches of the pancreas are generated and organized. |
| GO:0055007 | | cardiac muscle cell differentiation | | The process in which a cardiac muscle precursor cell acquires specialized features of a cardiac muscle cell. Cardiac muscle cells are striated muscle cells that are responsible for heart contraction. |
| GO:0001709 | | cell fate determination | | A process involved in cell fate commitment. Once determination has taken place, a cell becomes committed to differentiate down a particular pathway regardless of its environment. |
| GO:0021707 | | cerebellar granule cell differentiation | | The process in which neuroblasts acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mature cerebellar granule cell. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a neuroblast to a granule cell fate. A granule cell is a glutamatergic interneuron found in the cerebellar cortex. |
| GO:0007623 | | circadian rhythm | | Any biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. |
| GO:0021542 | | dentate gyrus development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dentate gyrus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The dentate gyrus is one of two interlocking gyri of the hippocampus. It contains granule cells, which project to the pyramidal cells and interneurons of the CA3 region of the ammon gyrus. |
| GO:0021516 | | dorsal spinal cord development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dorsal region of the spinal cord over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The dorsal region of the mature spinal cord contains neurons that process and relay sensory input. |
| GO:0060059 | | embryonic retina morphogenesis in camera-type eye | | The process in which the anatomical structure of the retina is generated and organized in a camera-type eye during the embryonic life stage. |
| GO:0060214 | | endocardium formation | | Formation of the endocardium of the heart. The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers. |
| GO:0045446 | | endothelial cell differentiation | | The process in which a mesodermal, bone marrow or neural crest cell acquires specialized features of an endothelial cell, a thin flattened cell. A layer of such cells lines the inside surfaces of body cavities, blood vessels, and lymph vessels, making up the endothelium. |
| GO:0002194 | | hepatocyte cell migration | | The orderly movement of a hepatocyte during the development of the liver. Hepatocytes emerge from the hepatic epithelium, populating the septum transversum and lateral mesenchymal areas of the hepatic lobes. |
| GO:0070365 | | hepatocyte differentiation | | The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a hepatocyte. A hepatocyte is specialized epithelial cell that is organized into interconnected plates called lobules, and is the main structural component of the liver. |
| GO:0072574 | | hepatocyte proliferation | | The multiplication or reproduction of hepatocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Hepatocytes form the main structural component of the liver. They are specialized epithelial cells that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules. |
| GO:0048839 | | inner ear development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the inner ear over time, from its formation to the mature structure. |
| GO:0001822 | | kidney development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The kidney is an organ that filters the blood and/or excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine. |
| GO:0002088 | | lens development in camera-type eye | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lens over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The lens is a transparent structure in the eye through which light is focused onto the retina. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus. |
| GO:0070309 | | lens fiber cell morphogenesis | | The process in which the structures of a lens fiber cell are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of a lens fiber cell. A lens fiber cell is any of the elongated, tightly packed cells that make up the bulk of the mature lens in a camera-type eye. |
| GO:0002089 | | lens morphogenesis in camera-type eye | | The process in which the anatomical structures of the lens are generated and organized. The lens is a transparent structure in the eye through which light is focused onto the retina. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus. |
| GO:0001889 | | liver development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the liver over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The liver is an exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes. |
| GO:0030324 | | lung development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lung over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In all air-breathing vertebrates the lungs are developed from the ventral wall of the oesophagus as a pouch which divides into two sacs. In amphibians and many reptiles the lungs retain very nearly this primitive sac-like character, but in the higher forms the connection with the esophagus becomes elongated into the windpipe and the inner walls of the sacs become more and more divided, until, in the mammals, the air spaces become minutely divided into tubes ending in small air cells, in the walls of which the blood circulates in a fine network of capillaries. In mammals the lungs are more or less divided into lobes, and each lung occupies a separate cavity in the thorax. |
| GO:0001945 | | lymph vessel development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lymph vessel over time, from its formation to the mature structure. |
| GO:0001946 | | lymphangiogenesis | | Lymph vessel formation when new vessels emerge from the proliferation of pre-existing vessels. |
| GO:0060836 | | lymphatic endothelial cell differentiation | | The process in which a venous blood vessel endothelial cell acquires specialized features of a lymphatic vessel endothelial cell, a thin flattened cell that lines the inside surfaces of lymph vessels. |
| GO:0007275 | | multicellular organism development | | The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult). |
| GO:0070858 | | negative regulation of bile acid biosynthetic process | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bile acids. |
| GO:0008285 | | negative regulation of cell proliferation | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation. |
| GO:0043433 | | negative regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription. |
| GO:0000122 | | negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
| GO:0045892 | | negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. |
| GO:0045071 | | negative regulation of viral genome replication | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of viral genome replication. |
| GO:0021915 | | neural tube development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the neural tube over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mature structure of the neural tube exists when the tube has been segmented into the forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain and spinal cord regions. In addition neural crest has budded away from the epithelium. |
| GO:0030182 | | neuron differentiation | | The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron. |
| GO:0097150 | | neuronal stem cell population maintenance | | Any process in by an organism or tissue maintains a population of neuronal stem cells. |
| GO:0030910 | | olfactory placode formation | | The formation of a thickening of the neural ectoderm in the head region of the vertebrate embryo which develops into the olfactory region of the nasal cavity. |
| GO:0046619 | | optic placode formation involved in camera-type eye formation | | Establishment and formation of the optic placode, paired ectodermal placodes that become invaginated to form the embryonic lens vesicles. |
| GO:0043049 | | otic placode formation | | The initial developmental process that will lead to the formation of the vertebrate inner ear. The otic placode forms as a thickening of the head ectoderm adjacent to the developing hindbrain. |
| GO:0031016 | | pancreas development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pancreas over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pancreas is an endoderm derived structure that produces precursors of digestive enzymes and blood glucose regulating enzymes. |
| GO:0045787 | | positive regulation of cell cycle | | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle. |
| GO:1901978 | | positive regulation of cell cycle checkpoint | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell cycle checkpoint. |
| GO:0008284 | | positive regulation of cell proliferation | | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation. |
| GO:0045737 | | positive regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of CDK activity. |
| GO:0010595 | | positive regulation of endothelial cell migration | | Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the orderly movement of an endothelial cell into the extracellular matrix to form an endothelium. |
| GO:0001938 | | positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation | | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of endothelial cell proliferation. |
| GO:2000979 | | positive regulation of forebrain neuron differentiation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of forebrain neuron differentiation. |
| GO:0060421 | | positive regulation of heart growth | | Any process that increases the rate or extent of heart growth. Heart growth is the increase in size or mass of the heart. |
| GO:2000179 | | positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neural precursor cell proliferation. |
| GO:0060298 | | positive regulation of sarcomere organization | | Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent myofibril assembly by organization of muscle actomyosin into sarcomeres. The sarcomere is the repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs. |
| GO:0045944 | | positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
| GO:0045893 | | positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. |
| GO:0042752 | | regulation of circadian rhythm | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a circadian rhythm. A circadian rhythm is a biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. |
| GO:0010468 | | regulation of gene expression | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. |
| GO:0060849 | | regulation of transcription involved in lymphatic endothelial cell fate commitment | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter that contributes to the commitment of a venous endothelial cell to a lymphatic endothelial cell. |
| GO:0006355 | | regulation of transcription, DNA-templated | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. |
| GO:0031667 | | response to nutrient levels | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of nutrients. |
| GO:0060042 | | retina morphogenesis in camera-type eye | | The process in which the anatomical structure of the retina is generated and organized. |
| GO:0048511 | | rhythmic process | | Any process pertinent to the generation and maintenance of rhythms in the physiology of an organism. |
| GO:0030240 | | skeletal muscle thin filament assembly | | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins to form the actin-based thin filaments of myofibrils in skeletal muscle. |
| GO:0006351 | | transcription, DNA-templated | | The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA. |
| GO:0048845 | | venous blood vessel morphogenesis | | The process in which the anatomical structures of venous blood vessels are generated and organized. Veins are blood vessels that transport blood from the body and its organs to the heart. |
| GO:0055010 | | ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis | | The process in which the anatomical structures of cardiac ventricle muscle is generated and organized. |
| GO:0055005 | | ventricular cardiac myofibril assembly | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ventricular cardiac myofibril over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A cardiac myofibril is a myofibril specific to cardiac muscle cells. |
| GO:0060412 | | ventricular septum morphogenesis | | The developmental process in which a ventricular septum is generated and organized. A ventricular septum is an anatomical structure that separates the lower chambers (ventricles) of the heart from one another. |
cellular component |
| GO:0005737 | | cytoplasm | | All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| GO:0005634 | | nucleus | | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. |