| molecular function |
|---|
| | GO:0035325 | | Toll-like receptor binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a Toll-like protein, a pattern recognition receptor that binds pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate an innate immune response. |
| | GO:0001530 | | lipopolysaccharide binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with lipopolysaccharide. |
| | GO:0001875 | | lipopolysaccharide receptor activity | | Combining with a lipopolysaccharide and transmitting the signal across the cell membrane to initiate a change in cell activity. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are major components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, making them prime targets for recognition by the immune system. |
| | GO:0042834 | | peptidoglycan binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently, in a non-covalent manner, with peptidoglycan, any of a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls. |
| | GO:0005515 | | protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| | GO:0046982 | | protein heterodimerization activity | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nonidentical protein to form a heterodimer. |
| | GO:0004872 | | receptor activity | | Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity. |
| | GO:0008329 | | signaling pattern recognition receptor activity | | Combining with a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP), a structure conserved among microbial species, or damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), an endogenous molecule released from damaged cells), and transmitting a signal to initiate a change in cell activity. |
| | GO:0004888 | | transmembrane signaling receptor activity | | Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity or state as part of signal transduction. |
| | GO:0042497 | | triacyl lipopeptide binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a lipopeptide containing a nonprotein moiety consisting of three acyl groups. |
| biological process |
|---|
| | GO:0007252 | | I-kappaB phosphorylation | | The process of introducing a phosphate group into an inhibitor of kappa B (I-kappaB) protein. Phosphorylation of I-kappaB targets I-kappaB for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thus releasing bound NF-kappaB dimers, which can translocate to the nucleus to bind DNA and regulate transcription. |
| | GO:0002755 | | MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway | | Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor where the MyD88 adaptor molecule mediates transduction of the signal. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response. |
| | GO:0006915 | | apoptotic process | | A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died. |
| | GO:0071221 | | cellular response to bacterial lipopeptide | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bacterial lipopeptide stimulus. |
| | GO:0071726 | | cellular response to diacyl bacterial lipopeptide | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a diacylated bacterial lipopeptide stimulus. |
| | GO:0071223 | | cellular response to lipoteichoic acid | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipoteichoic acid stimulus; lipoteichoic acid is a major component of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a chain of glycerol-phosphate repeating units linked to a glycolipid anchor. |
| | GO:0071727 | | cellular response to triacyl bacterial lipopeptide | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a triacylated bacterial lipopeptide stimulus. |
| | GO:0002374 | | cytokine secretion involved in immune response | | The regulated release of cytokines from a cell that contributes to an immune response. |
| | GO:0050830 | | defense response to Gram-positive bacterium | | Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a Gram-positive bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism. |
| | GO:0042496 | | detection of diacyl bacterial lipopeptide | | The series of events in which a diacylated bacterial lipopeptide stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. Diacylated bacterial lipoproteins are lipopeptides of bacterial origin containing a nonprotein moiety consisting of two acyl groups. |
| | GO:0042495 | | detection of triacyl bacterial lipopeptide | | The series of events in which a triacylated bacterial lipoprotein stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. Triacylated bacterial lipoproteins are lipopeptides of bacterial origin containing a nonprotein moiety consisting of three acyl groups. |
| | GO:0006955 | | immune response | | Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. |
| | GO:0002376 | | immune system process | | Any process involved in the development or functioning of the immune system, an organismal system for calibrated responses to potential internal or invasive threats. |
| | GO:0006954 | | inflammatory response | | The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages. |
| | GO:0045087 | | innate immune response | | Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens. |
| | GO:0032613 | | interleukin-10 production | | The appearance of interleukin-10 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. |
| | GO:0031663 | | lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway | | A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to a receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Lipopolysaccharides are major components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, making them prime targets for recognition by the immune system. |
| | GO:0042346 | | positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transfer of NF-kappaB, a transcription factor for eukaryotic RNA polymerase II promoters, from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, across the nuclear membrane. |
| | GO:0051092 | | positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB. |
| | GO:0030177 | | positive regulation of Wnt signaling pathway | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Wnt signal transduction. |
| | GO:0032722 | | positive regulation of chemokine production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of chemokine production. |
| | GO:0010628 | | positive regulation of gene expression | | Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. |
| | GO:0050729 | | positive regulation of inflammatory response | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response. |
| | GO:0032728 | | positive regulation of interferon-beta production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-beta production. |
| | GO:0032735 | | positive regulation of interleukin-12 production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-12 production. |
| | GO:0032741 | | positive regulation of interleukin-18 production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-18 production. |
| | GO:0032755 | | positive regulation of interleukin-6 production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-6 production. |
| | GO:0032757 | | positive regulation of interleukin-8 production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-8 production. |
| | GO:0051770 | | positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nitric oxide synthase enzyme. |
| | GO:0034123 | | positive regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor signaling pathway. |
| | GO:0045944 | | positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
| | GO:0032760 | | positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of tumor necrosis factor production. |
| | GO:0050707 | | regulation of cytokine secretion | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cytokines from a cell. |
| | GO:0002237 | | response to molecule of bacterial origin | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus by molecules of bacterial origin such as peptides derived from bacterial flagellin. |
| | GO:0007165 | | signal transduction | | The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. |
| | GO:0034134 | | toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway | | Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to toll-like receptor 2. |
| | GO:0038123 | | toll-like receptor TLR1:TLR2 signaling pathway | | A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a heterodimeric TLR1:TLR2 complex to one of it's physiological ligands, followed by transmission of the signal by the activated receptor, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. |
| | GO:0038124 | | toll-like receptor TLR6:TLR2 signaling pathway | | A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a heterodimeric TLR6:TLR2 complex to one of it's physiological ligands, followed by transmission of the signal by the activated receptor, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. |
| | GO:0002224 | | toll-like receptor signaling pathway | | Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response. |
| cellular component |
|---|
| | GO:0005794 | | Golgi apparatus | | A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions. |
| | GO:0035354 | | Toll-like receptor 1-Toll-like receptor 2 protein complex | | A heterodimeric protein complex containing Toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) and Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). |
| | GO:0009986 | | cell surface | | The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane. |
| | GO:0005737 | | cytoplasm | | All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| | GO:0031410 | | cytoplasmic vesicle | | A vesicle found in the cytoplasm of a cell. |
| | GO:0016021 | | integral component of membrane | | The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. |
| | GO:0005887 | | integral component of plasma membrane | | The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. |
| | GO:0031226 | | intrinsic component of plasma membrane | | The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane. |
| | GO:0016020 | | membrane | | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it. |
| | GO:0045121 | | membrane raft | | Any of the small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. Small rafts can sometimes be stabilized to form larger platforms through protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions. |
| | GO:0030670 | | phagocytic vesicle membrane | | The lipid bilayer surrounding a phagocytic vesicle. |
| | GO:0005886 | | plasma membrane | | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. |
Description
