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(-) Description

Title :  CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF ROCK I BOUND TO Y-27632
 
Authors :  M. Jacobs
Date :  27 Oct 05  (Deposition) - 08 Nov 05  (Release) - 24 Feb 09  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  2.60
Chains :  Asym./Biol. Unit :  A,B
Keywords :  Dimerization, Dimer, Phosphorylation, Kinase, Yoshitomi, Transferase (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  M. Jacobs, K. Hayakawa, L. Swenson, S. Bellon, M. Fleming, P. Taslimi, J. Doran
The Structure Of Dimeric Rock I Reveals The Mechanism For Ligand Selectivity.
J. Biol. Chem. V. 281 260 2006
PubMed-ID: 16249185  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1074/JBC.M508847200
(for further references see the PDB file header)

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - RHO-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN KINASE 1
    ChainsA, B
    EC Number2.7.1.37
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemSPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA
    Expression System CommonFALL ARMYWORM
    Expression System PlasmidPBEV10
    Expression System Taxid7108
    Expression System Vector TypeBACULOVIRUS
    FragmentN-TERMINAL AND KINASE DOMAIN, RESIDUES 6-415
    GeneROCK1
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606
    SynonymRHO-ASSOCIATED, COILED-COIL CONTAINING PROTEIN KINASE 1, P160 ROCK-1, P160ROCK

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  12
Asymmetric/Biological Unit AB

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (1, 2)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (1, 2)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1Y272Ligand/Ion(R)-TRANS-4-(1-AMINOETHYL)-N-(4-PYRIDYL)CYCLOHEXANECARBOXAMIDE

(-) Sites  (2, 2)

Asymmetric Unit (2, 2)
No.NameEvidenceResiduesDescription
1AC1SOFTWAREILE A:82 , VAL A:90 , ALA A:103 , MET A:153 , GLU A:154 , MET A:156 , ASN A:203 , ASP A:216 , PHE A:368 , HOH A:472BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE Y27 A 416
2AC2SOFTWAREILE B:82 , VAL B:90 , ALA B:103 , MET B:153 , GLU B:154 , MET B:156 , ASP B:202 , ASN B:203 , ASP B:216 , PHE B:368 , HOH B:468BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE Y27 B 416

(-) SS Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "SS Bond" information available for 2ETR)

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 2ETR)

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (1, 2)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (1, 2)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_041055S108NROCK1_HUMANPolymorphism55811609A/BS108N

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (3, 6)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (3, 6)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1PROTEIN_KINASE_ATPPS00107 Protein kinases ATP-binding region signature.ROCK1_HUMAN82-105
 
  2A:82-105
B:82-105
2PROTEIN_KINASE_STPS00108 Serine/Threonine protein kinases active-site signature.ROCK1_HUMAN194-206
 
  2A:194-206
B:194-206
3AGC_KINASE_CTERPS51285 AGC-kinase C-terminal domain profile.ROCK1_HUMAN341-409
 
  2A:341-405
B:341-402

(-) Exons   (11, 21)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (11, 21)
 ENSEMBLUniProtKBPDB
No.Transcript IDExonExon IDGenome LocationLengthIDLocationLengthCountLocationLength
1.1ENST000003997991ENSE00001540250chr18:18691812-186907791034ROCK1_HUMAN1-31312A:6-31
B:5-31 (gaps)
26
31
1.2ENST000003997992ENSE00000666550chr18:18650574-1865049382ROCK1_HUMAN32-59282A:32-59
B:32-59
28
28
1.3ENST000003997993ENSE00000666552chr18:18629841-18629741101ROCK1_HUMAN59-92342A:59-92
B:59-92
34
34
1.4ENST000003997994ENSE00000666554chr18:18629190-18629053138ROCK1_HUMAN93-138462A:93-138
B:93-138
46
46
1.5ENST000003997995ENSE00001106179chr18:18625428-18625253176ROCK1_HUMAN139-197592A:139-197
B:139-197
59
59
1.6ENST000003997996ENSE00001106157chr18:18624147-1862406385ROCK1_HUMAN197-225292A:197-225
B:197-225
29
29
1.7ENST000003997997ENSE00001106151chr18:18622670-18622526145ROCK1_HUMAN226-274492A:226-274
B:226-274
49
49
1.8ENST000003997998ENSE00001106132chr18:18622196-18622058139ROCK1_HUMAN274-320472A:274-320
B:274-320
47
47
1.9ENST000003997999ENSE00001106127chr18:18619524-1861943392ROCK1_HUMAN320-351322A:320-351
B:320-351
32
32
1.10ENST0000039979910ENSE00001205106chr18:18608896-18608737160ROCK1_HUMAN351-404542A:351-404
B:351-402
54
52
1.11ENST0000039979911ENSE00000666570chr18:18603641-1860358161ROCK1_HUMAN404-424211A:404-405
-
2
-
1.12ENST0000039979912ENSE00000666572chr18:18600200-1860011289ROCK1_HUMAN425-454300--
1.13ENST0000039979913ENSE00000666574chr18:18595440-1859539249ROCK1_HUMAN454-470170--
1.14ENST0000039979914ENSE00001106120chr18:18588155-18588020136ROCK1_HUMAN471-516460--
1.15ENST0000039979915ENSE00000666578chr18:18586751-1858666092ROCK1_HUMAN516-546310--
1.16ENST0000039979916ENSE00000666579chr18:18586558-18586312247ROCK1_HUMAN547-629830--
1.17ENST0000039979917ENSE00000948798chr18:18572898-18572792107ROCK1_HUMAN629-664360--
1.18ENST0000039979918ENSE00000948799chr18:18571287-18571137151ROCK1_HUMAN665-715510--
1.19ENST0000039979919ENSE00000666582chr18:18567071-18566911161ROCK1_HUMAN715-768540--
1.20ENST0000039979920ENSE00000666583chr18:18564496-18564312185ROCK1_HUMAN769-830620--
1.21ENST0000039979921ENSE00000666584chr18:18562793-1856272470ROCK1_HUMAN830-853240--
1.22ENST0000039979922ENSE00000666585chr18:18559965-1855987195ROCK1_HUMAN854-885320--
1.23ENST0000039979923ENSE00001106143chr18:18550474-18550309166ROCK1_HUMAN885-940560--
1.24ENST0000039979924ENSE00000948802chr18:18549169-1854907694ROCK1_HUMAN941-972320--
1.25ENST0000039979925ENSE00000948803chr18:18548821-1854873389ROCK1_HUMAN972-1001300--
1.26ENST0000039979926ENSE00000948804chr18:18547901-18547713189ROCK1_HUMAN1002-1064630--
1.27ENST0000039979927ENSE00001133063chr18:18547037-18546878160ROCK1_HUMAN1065-1118540--
1.28ENST0000039979928ENSE00001133053chr18:18540167-1854009771ROCK1_HUMAN1118-1141240--
1.29ENST0000039979929ENSE00001106113chr18:18539889-1853980189ROCK1_HUMAN1142-1171300--
1.30ENST0000039979930ENSE00001659208chr18:18535206-1853512879ROCK1_HUMAN1171-1197270--
1.31ENST0000039979931ENSE00001592636chr18:18535005-18534744262ROCK1_HUMAN1198-1285880--
1.32ENST0000039979932ENSE00001652301chr18:18533746-18533539208ROCK1_HUMAN1285-1354700--
1.33ENST0000039979933ENSE00001540219chr18:18531348-185297011648ROCK1_HUMAN1354-135410--

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:400
 aligned with ROCK1_HUMAN | Q13464 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:1354

    Alignment length:400
                                    15        25        35        45        55        65        75        85        95       105       115       125       135       145       155       165       175       185       195       205       215       225       235       245       255       265       275       285       295       305       315       325       335       345       355       365       375       385       395       405
          ROCK1_HUMAN     6 SFETRFEKMDNLLRDPKSEVNSDCLLDGLDALVYDLDFPALRKNKNIDNFLSRYKDTINKIRDLRMKAEDYEVVKVIGRGAFGEVQLVRHKSTRKVYAMKLLSKFEMIKRSDSAFFWEERDIMAFANSPWVVQLFYAFQDDRYLYMVMEYMPGGDLVNLMSNYDVPEKWARFYTAEVVLALDAIHSMGFIHRDVKPDNMLLDKSGHLKLADFGTCMKMNKEGMVRCDTAVGTPDYISPEVLKSQGGDGYYGRECDWWSVGVFLYEMLVGDTPFYADSLVGTYSKIMNHKNSLTFPDDNDISKEAKNLICAFLTDREVRLGRNGVEEIKRHLFFKNDQWAWETLRDTVAPVVPDLSSDIDTSNFDDLEEDKGEEETFPIPKAFVGNQLPFVGFTYYSNRRY 405
               SCOP domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains 2etrA01 A:6-159,A:359-405 Phosphorylase Kinase; domain 1                                                                                                  2etrA02 A:160-358 Transferase(Phosphotransferase) domain 1                                                                                                                                             2etrA01 A:6-159,A:359-405                       CATH domains
               Pfam domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author hhhhhhhhhhhhh.......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.hhh.eeeeeeeeee..eeeeeeee.....eeeeeeeehhhhhh.....hhhhhhhhhhhh.......eeeeee...eeeeee......hhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.ee....hhh.eee.....eee......ee......ee...........hhhhhh......ee.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh........hhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhh.....hhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhhhhh.......................................hhhhh.......... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------N--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------PROTEIN_KINASE_ATP      ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------PROTEIN_KINAS--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------AGC_KINASE_CTER  PDB: A:341-405 UniProt: 341-409                  PROSITE
           Transcript 1 (1) Exon 1.1  PDB: A:6-31     Exon 1.2  PDB: A:32-59      ---------------------------------Exon 1.4  PDB: A:93-138 UniProt: 93-138       Exon 1.5  PDB: A:139-197 UniProt: 139-197                  ----------------------------Exon 1.7  PDB: A:226-274 UniProt: 226-274        ----------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.10  PDB: A:351-404 UniProt: 351-404            - Transcript 1 (1)
           Transcript 1 (2) -----------------------------------------------------Exon 1.3  PDB: A:59-92            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.6  PDB: A:197-225     ------------------------------------------------Exon 1.8  PDB: A:274-320 UniProt: 274-320      -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. Transcript 1 (2)
           Transcript 1 (3) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.9  PDB: A:320-351        ------------------------------------------------------ Transcript 1 (3)
                 2etr A   6 SFETRFEKMDNLLRDPKSEVNSDCLLDGLDALVYDLDFPALRKNKNIDNFLSRYKDTINKIRDLRMKAEDYEVVKVIGRGAFGEVQLVRHKSTRKVYAMKLLSKFEMIKRSDSAFFWEERDIMAFANSPWVVQLFYAFQDDRYLYMVMEYMPGGDLVNLMSNYDVPEKWARFYTAEVVLALDAIHSMGFIHRDVKPDNMLLDKSGHLKLADFGTCMKMNKEGMVRCDTAVGTPDYISPEVLKSQGGDGYYGRECDWWSVGVFLYEMLVGDTPFYADSLVGTYSKIMNHKNSLTFPDDNDISKEAKNLICAFLTDREVRLGRNGVEEIKRHLFFKNDQWAWETLRDTVAPVVPDLSSDIDTSNFDDLEEDKGEEETFPIPKAFVGNQLPFVGFTYYSNRRY 405
                                    15        25        35        45        55        65        75        85        95       105       115       125       135       145       155       165       175       185       195       205       215       225       235       245       255       265       275       285       295       305       315       325       335       345       355       365       375       385       395       405

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:398
 aligned with ROCK1_HUMAN | Q13464 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:1354

    Alignment length:402
                                    10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160       170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240       250       260       270       280       290       300       310       320       330       340       350       360       370       380       390       400  
          ROCK1_HUMAN     1 MSTGDSFETRFEKMDNLLRDPKSEVNSDCLLDGLDALVYDLDFPALRKNKNIDNFLSRYKDTINKIRDLRMKAEDYEVVKVIGRGAFGEVQLVRHKSTRKVYAMKLLSKFEMIKRSDSAFFWEERDIMAFANSPWVVQLFYAFQDDRYLYMVMEYMPGGDLVNLMSNYDVPEKWARFYTAEVVLALDAIHSMGFIHRDVKPDNMLLDKSGHLKLADFGTCMKMNKEGMVRCDTAVGTPDYISPEVLKSQGGDGYYGRECDWWSVGVFLYEMLVGDTPFYADSLVGTYSKIMNHKNSLTFPDDNDISKEAKNLICAFLTDREVRLGRNGVEEIKRHLFFKNDQWAWETLRDTVAPVVPDLSSDIDTSNFDDLEEDKGEEETFPIPKAFVGNQLPFVGFTYYSN 402
               SCOP domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SCOP domains
               CATH domains 2e    trB01 B:5-159,B:359-402 Phosphorylase Kinase; domain 1                                                                                                   2etrB02 B:160-358 Transferase(Phosphotransferase) domain 1                                                                                                                                             2etrB01 B:5-159,B:359-402                    CATH domains
               Pfam domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .h----hhhhhhhhhhhh.......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.hhh.eeeeeeee......eeeeee.....eeeeeeeehhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhhh.......eeeeee...eeeeeee.....hhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.ee....hhh.eee.....eee......ee......ee......hhhhhhhhhhhh.....ee.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh........hhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhh.....hhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhhhhh.......................................hhhhh....... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------N------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------PROTEIN_KINASE_ATP      ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------PROTEIN_KINAS--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------AGC_KINASE_CTER  PDB: B:341-402 UniProt: 341-409               PROSITE
           Transcript 1 (1) Exon 1.1  PDB: B:5-31 (gaps)   Exon 1.2  PDB: B:32-59      ---------------------------------Exon 1.4  PDB: B:93-138 UniProt: 93-138       Exon 1.5  PDB: B:139-197 UniProt: 139-197                  ----------------------------Exon 1.7  PDB: B:226-274 UniProt: 226-274        ----------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.10  PDB: B:351-402 UniProt: 351-404           Transcript 1 (1)
           Transcript 1 (2) ----------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.3  PDB: B:59-92            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.6  PDB: B:197-225     ------------------------------------------------Exon 1.8  PDB: B:274-320 UniProt: 274-320      ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript 1 (2)
           Transcript 1 (3) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.9  PDB: B:320-351        --------------------------------------------------- Transcript 1 (3)
                 2etr B   5 MS----FETRFEKMDNLLRDPKSEVNSDCLLDGLDALVYDLDFPALRKNKNIDNFLSRYKDTINKIRDLRMKAEDYEVVKVIGRGAFGEVQLVRHKSTRKVYAMKLLSKFEMIKRSDSAFFWEERDIMAFANSPWVVQLFYAFQDDRYLYMVMEYMPGGDLVNLMSNYDVPEKWARFYTAEVVLALDAIHSMGFIHRDVKPDNMLLDKSGHLKLADFGTCMKMNKEGMVRCDTAVGTPDYISPEVLKSQGGDGYYGRECDWWSVGVFLYEMLVGDTPFYADSLVGTYSKIMNHKNSLTFPDDNDISKEAKNLICAFLTDREVRLGRNGVEEIKRHLFFKNDQWAWETLRDTVAPVVPDLSSDIDTSNFDDLEEDKGEEETFPIPKAFVGNQLPFVGFTYYSN 402
                             |    | 10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160       170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240       250       260       270       280       290       300       310       320       330       340       350       360       370       380       390       400  
                             6    7                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (0, 0)

(no "SCOP Domain" information available for 2ETR)

(-) CATH Domains  (2, 4)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
(-)
Class: Alpha Beta (26913)

(-) Pfam Domains  (0, 0)

(no "Pfam Domain" information available for 2ETR)

(-) Gene Ontology  (59, 59)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A,B   (ROCK1_HUMAN | Q13464)
molecular function
    GO:0005524    ATP binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.
    GO:0017049    GTP-Rho binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the GTP-bound form of the Rho protein.
    GO:0017048    Rho GTPase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Rho protein, any member of the Rho subfamily of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases. Proteins in the Rho subfamily are involved in relaying signals from cell-surface receptors to the actin cytoskeleton.
    GO:0016301    kinase activity    Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.
    GO:0046872    metal ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
    GO:0000166    nucleotide binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0004672    protein kinase activity    Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP.
    GO:0004674    protein serine/threonine kinase activity    Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.
    GO:0016740    transferase activity    Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2.
biological process
    GO:0007249    I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling    The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell through the I-kappaB-kinase (IKK)-dependent activation of NF-kappaB. The cascade begins with activation of a trimeric IKK complex (consisting of catalytic kinase subunits IKKalpha and/or IKKbeta, and the regulatory scaffold protein NEMO) and ends with the regulation of transcription of target genes by NF-kappaB. In a resting state, NF-kappaB dimers are bound to I-kappaB proteins, sequestering NF-kappaB in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of I-kappaB targets I-kappaB for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thus releasing the NF-kappaB dimers, which can translocate to the nucleus to bind DNA and regulate transcription.
    GO:0007266    Rho protein signal transduction    A series of molecular signals within the cell that are mediated by a member of the Rho family of proteins switching to a GTP-bound active state.
    GO:0030036    actin cytoskeleton organization    A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins.
    GO:0003383    apical constriction    The actin-mediated process that results in the contraction of the apical end of a polarized columnar epithelial cell.
    GO:0006915    apoptotic process    A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died.
    GO:0032060    bleb assembly    The assembly of a bleb, a cell extension caused by localized decoupling of the cytoskeleton from the plasma membrane and characterized by rapid formation, rounded shape, and scarcity of organelles within the protrusion. Plasma membrane blebbing occurs during apoptosis and other cellular processes, including cell locomotion, cell division, and as a result of physical or chemical stresses.
    GO:0006921    cellular component disassembly involved in execution phase of apoptosis    The breakdown of structures such as organelles, proteins, or other macromolecular structures during apoptosis.
    GO:0030866    cortical actin cytoskeleton organization    A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of actin-based cytoskeletal structures in the cell cortex, i.e. just beneath the plasma membrane.
    GO:0048013    ephrin receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an ephrin receptor binding to an ephrin.
    GO:0090002    establishment of protein localization to plasma membrane    The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in the plasma membrane.
    GO:0035556    intracellular signal transduction    The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell.
    GO:0007159    leukocyte cell-cell adhesion    The attachment of a leukocyte to another cell via adhesion molecules.
    GO:0050900    leukocyte migration    The movement of a leukocyte within or between different tissues and organs of the body.
    GO:0050901    leukocyte tethering or rolling    Transient adhesive interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells lining blood vessels. Carbohydrates on circulating leukocytes bind selectins on the vessel wall causing the leukocytes to slow down and roll along the inner surface of the vessel wall. During this rolling motion, transitory bonds are formed and broken between selectins and their ligands. Typically the first step in cellular extravasation (the movement of leukocytes out of the circulatory system, towards the site of tissue damage or infection).
    GO:0022614    membrane to membrane docking    The initial attachment of a membrane to a target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the two membranes. Docking requires only that the membranes come close enough for the proteins to interact and adhere.
    GO:0051451    myoblast migration    The orderly movement of a myoblast from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. A myoblast is a cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.
    GO:0016525    negative regulation of angiogenesis    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of angiogenesis.
    GO:1903347    negative regulation of bicellular tight junction assembly    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of tight junction assembly.
    GO:0035509    negative regulation of myosin-light-chain-phosphatase activity    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myosin-light-chain-phosphatase activity.
    GO:0043524    negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons.
    GO:0032091    negative regulation of protein binding    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein binding.
    GO:0016310    phosphorylation    The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide.
    GO:0051894    positive regulation of focal adhesion assembly    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of focal adhesion assembly, the establishment and maturation of focal adhesions.
    GO:0006468    protein phosphorylation    The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.
    GO:0032956    regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins.
    GO:0032970    regulation of actin filament-based process    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any cellular process that depends upon or alters the actin cytoskeleton.
    GO:0030155    regulation of cell adhesion    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a cell to another cell or to the extracellular matrix.
    GO:2000145    regulation of cell motility    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell motility.
    GO:0051493    regulation of cytoskeleton organization    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures.
    GO:2000114    regulation of establishment of cell polarity    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of cell polarity.
    GO:1903140    regulation of establishment of endothelial barrier    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of endothelial barrier.
    GO:0051893    regulation of focal adhesion assembly    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of focal adhesion formation, the establishment and maturation of focal adhesions.
    GO:0045616    regulation of keratinocyte differentiation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte differentiation.
    GO:0051492    regulation of stress fiber assembly    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of a stress fiber, a bundle of microfilaments and other proteins found in fibroblasts.
    GO:0007165    signal transduction    The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.
    GO:0006939    smooth muscle contraction    A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. Smooth muscle differs from striated muscle in the much higher actin/myosin ratio, the absence of conspicuous sarcomeres and the ability to contract to a much smaller fraction of its resting length.
    GO:0048010    vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway    Any series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) located on the surface of the receiving cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
cellular component
    GO:0005794    Golgi apparatus    A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.
    GO:0000139    Golgi membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus.
    GO:0032059    bleb    A cell extension caused by localized decoupling of the cytoskeleton from the plasma membrane and characterized by rapid formation, rounded shape, and scarcity of organelles within the protrusion. Blebs are formed during apoptosis and other cellular processes, including cell locomotion, cell division, and as a result of physical or chemical stresses.
    GO:0042995    cell projection    A prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon.
    GO:0005814    centriole    A cellular organelle, found close to the nucleus in many eukaryotic cells, consisting of a small cylinder with microtubular walls, 300-500 nm long and 150-250 nm in diameter. It contains nine short, parallel, peripheral microtubular fibrils, each fibril consisting of one complete microtubule fused to two incomplete microtubules. Cells usually have two centrioles, lying at right angles to each other. At division, each pair of centrioles generates another pair and the twin pairs form the pole of the mitotic spindle.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0005856    cytoskeleton    Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles.
    GO:0005829    cytosol    The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
    GO:0030027    lamellipodium    A thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of a migrating cell or extending cell process; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
    GO:0001726    ruffle    Projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell; the protrusions are supported by a microfilament meshwork.

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 Related Entries

(-) Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

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        ROCK1_HUMAN | Q134641s1c 2esm 2etk 2v55 3d9v 3ncz 3ndm 3o0z 3tv7 3twj 3v8s 4l2w 4w7p 4yvc 4yve 5bml 5f5p 5hvu 5kks 5kkt

(-) Related Entries Specified in the PDB File

2erz CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF C-AMP DEPENDENT KINASE (PKA) BOUND TO HYDROXYFASUDIL
2esm CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF ROCK 1 BOUND TO FASUDIL
2etk CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF ROCK 1 BOUND TO HYDROXYFASUDIL
2eto CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF ROCK I BOUND TO H-1152P A DI- METHYLATED VARIANT OF FASUDIL