| molecular function |
|---|
| | GO:0036478 | | L-dopa decarboxylase activator activity | | Interacts with and increases L-dopa decarboxylase activity. |
| | GO:0003723 | | RNA binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof. |
| | GO:0050681 | | androgen receptor binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an androgen receptor. |
| | GO:0005507 | | copper ion binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with copper (Cu) ions. |
| | GO:0001047 | | core promoter binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the regulatory region composed of the transcription start site and binding sites for the basal transcription machinery. Binding may occur as a sequence specific interaction or as an interaction observed only once a factor has been recruited to the DNA by other factors. |
| | GO:1903135 | | cupric ion binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with cupric ion, copper(2+). |
| | GO:1903136 | | cuprous ion binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with cuprous ion, copper(1+). |
| | GO:0019955 | | cytokine binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a cytokine, any of a group of proteins that function to control the survival, growth and differentiation of tissues and cells, and which have autocrine and paracrine activity. |
| | GO:0003690 | | double-stranded DNA binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded DNA. |
| | GO:0019899 | | enzyme binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any enzyme. |
| | GO:1990422 | | glyoxalase (glycolic acid-forming) activity | | Catalysis of the reaction: glyoxal + H2O = glycolic acid. Catalysis occurs in the absence of a cofactor. |
| | GO:0019172 | | glyoxalase III activity | | Catalysis of the reaction: methylglyoxal + H2O = D-lactate. |
| | GO:0016787 | | hydrolase activity | | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3. |
| | GO:0042802 | | identical protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein or proteins. |
| | GO:0019900 | | kinase binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group. |
| | GO:0003729 | | mRNA binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with messenger RNA (mRNA), an intermediate molecule between DNA and protein. mRNA includes UTR and coding sequences, but does not contain introns. |
| | GO:0045340 | | mercury ion binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with mercury (Hg) ions. |
| | GO:0016684 | | oxidoreductase activity, acting on peroxide as acceptor | | Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which the peroxide group acts as a hydrogen or electron acceptor. |
| | GO:0008233 | | peptidase activity | | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid. |
| | GO:0051920 | | peroxiredoxin activity | | Catalysis of the reaction: 2 R'-SH + ROOH = R'-S-S-R' + H2O + ROH. |
| | GO:0005515 | | protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| | GO:0042803 | | protein homodimerization activity | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer. |
| | GO:0005102 | | receptor binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function. |
| | GO:0070491 | | repressing transcription factor binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription repressor, any protein whose activity is required to prevent or downregulate transcription. |
| | GO:0097110 | | scaffold protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a scaffold protein. Scaffold proteins are crucial regulators of many key signaling pathways. Although not strictly defined in function, they are known to interact and/or bind with multiple members of a signaling pathway, tethering them into complexes. |
| | GO:0003697 | | single-stranded DNA binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with single-stranded DNA. |
| | GO:0044388 | | small protein activating enzyme binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a small protein activating enzyme, such as ubiquitin-activating enzyme. |
| | GO:0016532 | | superoxide dismutase copper chaperone activity | | A copper chaperone activity that specifically delivers copper to the Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase, to activate superoxide dismutase activity. |
| | GO:0003713 | | transcription coactivator activity | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a activating transcription factor and also with the basal transcription machinery in order to increase the frequency, rate or extent of transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind the template nucleic acid, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between activating transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery. |
| | GO:0008134 | | transcription factor binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription. |
| | GO:0036470 | | tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activator activity | | Interacts with and increases tyrosine 3-monooxygenase (tyrosine hydroxylase) activity. |
| | GO:0044390 | | ubiquitin-like protein conjugating enzyme binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin-like protein conjugating enzyme such as ubiquitin conjugating enzyme. |
| | GO:1990381 | | ubiquitin-specific protease binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin-specific protease. |
| biological process |
|---|
| | GO:0007265 | | Ras protein signal transduction | | A series of molecular signals within the cell that are mediated by a member of the Ras superfamily of proteins switching to a GTP-bound active state. |
| | GO:0032148 | | activation of protein kinase B activity | | Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme protein kinase B. |
| | GO:0008344 | | adult locomotory behavior | | Locomotory behavior in a fully developed and mature organism. |
| | GO:0006914 | | autophagy | | The process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm; allows for both recycling of macromolecular constituents under conditions of cellular stress and remodeling the intracellular structure for cell differentiation. |
| | GO:0098869 | | cellular oxidant detoxification | | Any process carried out at the cellular level that reduces or removes the toxicity superoxide radicals or hydrogen peroxide. |
| | GO:0036471 | | cellular response to glyoxal | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glyoxal stimulus. |
| | GO:0070301 | | cellular response to hydrogen peroxide | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stimulus. |
| | GO:0034599 | | cellular response to oxidative stress | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. |
| | GO:0034614 | | cellular response to reactive oxygen species | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a reactive oxygen species stimulus. Reactive oxygen species include singlet oxygen, superoxide, and oxygen free radicals. |
| | GO:0010273 | | detoxification of copper ion | | Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of copper ion. These include transport of copper away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of copper ion. |
| | GO:0050787 | | detoxification of mercury ion | | Any process that reduce or remove the toxicity of mercuric ion. These include transport of mercury away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of mercury ion and/or reduction of mercury ion (Hg[II]) to metallic mercury (Hg[0]). |
| | GO:0051583 | | dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission | | The directed movement of dopamine into a presynaptic neuron or glial cell. In this context, dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline. |
| | GO:0018323 | | enzyme active site formation via L-cysteine sulfinic acid | | The oxidation of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-L-cysteine sulfinic acid. |
| | GO:0046295 | | glycolate biosynthetic process | | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycolate, the anion of hydroxyethanoic acid (glycolic acid). |
| | GO:1903190 | | glyoxal catabolic process | | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glyoxal. |
| | GO:0042743 | | hydrogen peroxide metabolic process | | The chemical reactions and pathways involving hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a potentially harmful byproduct of aerobic cellular respiration which can cause damage to DNA. |
| | GO:0006954 | | inflammatory response | | The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages. |
| | GO:0019249 | | lactate biosynthetic process | | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lactate, the anion of lactic acid. |
| | GO:0051899 | | membrane depolarization | | The process in which membrane potential decreases with respect to its steady-state potential, usually from negative potential to a more positive potential. For example, the initial depolarization during the rising phase of an action potential is in the direction from the negative steady-state resting potential towards the positive membrane potential that will be the peak of the action potential. |
| | GO:0060081 | | membrane hyperpolarization | | The process in which membrane potential increases with respect to its steady-state potential, usually from negative potential to a more negative potential. For example, during the repolarization phase of an action potential the membrane potential often becomes more negative or hyperpolarized before returning to the steady-state resting potential. |
| | GO:0019243 | | methylglyoxal catabolic process to D-lactate via S-lactoyl-glutathione | | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methylglyoxal, CH3-CO-CHO, into D-lactate via the intermediate S-lactoyl-glutathione. Glutathione is used in the first step of the pathway and then regenerated in the second step. |
| | GO:0007005 | | mitochondrion organization | | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion; includes mitochondrial morphogenesis and distribution, and replication of the mitochondrial genome as well as synthesis of new mitochondrial components. |
| | GO:1903122 | | negative regulation of TRAIL-activated apoptotic signaling pathway | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of TRAIL-activated apoptotic signaling pathway. |
| | GO:0043066 | | negative regulation of apoptotic process | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. |
| | GO:0060548 | | negative regulation of cell death | | Any process that decreases the rate or frequency of cell death. Cell death is the specific activation or halting of processes within a cell so that its vital functions markedly cease, rather than simply deteriorating gradually over time, which culminates in cell death. |
| | GO:2001268 | | negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway. |
| | GO:1903073 | | negative regulation of death-inducing signaling complex assembly | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of death-inducing signaling complex assembly. |
| | GO:1902236 | | negative regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of an endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway. |
| | GO:2001237 | | negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway. |
| | GO:0010629 | | negative regulation of gene expression | | Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. |
| | GO:1903206 | | negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death. |
| | GO:1903208 | | negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide-induced neuron death | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hydrogen peroxide-induced neuron death. |
| | GO:1903384 | | negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a hydrogen peroxide-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway. |
| | GO:0043524 | | negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons. |
| | GO:1901215 | | negative regulation of neuron death | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron death. |
| | GO:1903202 | | negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced cell death | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oxidative stress-induced cell death. |
| | GO:1903204 | | negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron death | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oxidative stress-induced neuron death. |
| | GO:1903377 | | negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oxidative stress-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway. |
| | GO:0032435 | | negative regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome. |
| | GO:1903094 | | negative regulation of protein K48-linked deubiquitination | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein K48-linked deubiquitination. |
| | GO:1901984 | | negative regulation of protein acetylation | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein acetylation. |
| | GO:0032091 | | negative regulation of protein binding | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein binding. |
| | GO:0042177 | | negative regulation of protein catabolic process | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds. |
| | GO:0046826 | | negative regulation of protein export from nucleus | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of proteins from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. |
| | GO:0006469 | | negative regulation of protein kinase activity | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity. |
| | GO:0001933 | | negative regulation of protein phosphorylation | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein. |
| | GO:0033234 | | negative regulation of protein sumoylation | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of SUMO groups to a protein. |
| | GO:0031397 | | negative regulation of protein ubiquitination | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of ubiquitin groups to a protein. |
| | GO:0051444 | | negative regulation of ubiquitin-protein transferase activity | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin transferase activity. |
| | GO:2000157 | | negative regulation of ubiquitin-specific protease activity | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin-specific protease (deubiquitinase) activity. |
| | GO:1903197 | | positive regulation of L-dopa biosynthetic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of L-dopa biosynthetic process. |
| | GO:1903200 | | positive regulation of L-dopa decarboxylase activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of L-dopa decarboxylase activity. |
| | GO:2000825 | | positive regulation of androgen receptor activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of androgen receptor activity. |
| | GO:1903181 | | positive regulation of dopamine biosynthetic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dopamine biosynthetic process. |
| | GO:0010628 | | positive regulation of gene expression | | Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. |
| | GO:0032757 | | positive regulation of interleukin-8 production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-8 production. |
| | GO:1902958 | | positive regulation of mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone. |
| | GO:1903599 | | positive regulation of mitophagy | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrion degradation. |
| | GO:2000277 | | positive regulation of oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler activity. |
| | GO:1902177 | | positive regulation of oxidative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of an oxidative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway. |
| | GO:0033138 | | positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine. |
| | GO:0090073 | | positive regulation of protein homodimerization activity | | Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein homodimerization, interacting selectively with an identical protein to form a homodimer. |
| | GO:0051897 | | positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase B signaling, a series of reactions mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B. |
| | GO:1900182 | | positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to nucleus. |
| | GO:1903168 | | positive regulation of pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase activity. |
| | GO:1903428 | | positive regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process. |
| | GO:0051091 | | positive regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription. |
| | GO:1901671 | | positive regulation of superoxide dismutase activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of superoxide dismutase activity. |
| | GO:0045944 | | positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
| | GO:2000679 | | positive regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription regulatory region DNA binding. |
| | GO:1903178 | | positive regulation of tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity. |
| | GO:0006517 | | protein deglycosylation | | The removal of sugar residues from a glycosylated protein. |
| | GO:0050821 | | protein stabilization | | Any process involved in maintaining the structure and integrity of a protein and preventing it from degradation or aggregation. |
| | GO:0006508 | | proteolysis | | The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds. |
| | GO:0045560 | | regulation of TRAIL receptor biosynthetic process | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand) receptor. |
| | GO:0060765 | | regulation of androgen receptor signaling pathway | | Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the androgen receptor signaling pathway. |
| | GO:0050727 | | regulation of inflammatory response | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response, the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. |
| | GO:0051881 | | regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential | | Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of the mitochondrial membrane potential, the electric potential existing across the mitochondrial membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane. |
| | GO:0043523 | | regulation of neuron apoptotic process | | Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons. |
| | GO:1902903 | | regulation of supramolecular fiber organization | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of supramolecular fiber organization. |
| | GO:0042493 | | response to drug | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease. |
| | GO:0042542 | | response to hydrogen peroxide | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stimulus. |
| | GO:0006979 | | response to oxidative stress | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. |
| | GO:0007338 | | single fertilization | | The union of male and female gametes to form a zygote. |
| | GO:0001963 | | synaptic transmission, dopaminergic | | The vesicular release of dopamine. from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of dopamine receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse. |
| cellular component |
|---|
| | GO:0016605 | | PML body | | A class of nuclear body; they react against SP100 auto-antibodies (PML, promyelocytic leukemia); cells typically contain 10-30 PML bodies per nucleus; alterations in the localization of PML bodies occurs after viral infection. |
| | GO:0030424 | | axon | | The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter. |
| | GO:0044297 | | cell body | | The portion of a cell bearing surface projections such as axons, dendrites, cilia, or flagella that includes the nucleus, but excludes all cell projections. |
| | GO:0000785 | | chromatin | | The ordered and organized complex of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that forms the chromosome. |
| | GO:0005737 | | cytoplasm | | All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| | GO:0005829 | | cytosol | | The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. |
| | GO:0005783 | | endoplasmic reticulum | | The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached). |
| | GO:0070062 | | extracellular exosome | | A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm. |
| | GO:0016020 | | membrane | | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it. |
| | GO:0045121 | | membrane raft | | Any of the small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. Small rafts can sometimes be stabilized to form larger platforms through protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions. |
| | GO:0005758 | | mitochondrial intermembrane space | | The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of the mitochondrial envelope. |
| | GO:0005759 | | mitochondrial matrix | | The gel-like material, with considerable fine structure, that lies in the matrix space, or lumen, of a mitochondrion. It contains the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and, in some organisms, the enzymes concerned with fatty acid oxidation. |
| | GO:0005747 | | mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I | | A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It contains about 25 different polypeptide subunits, including NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), flavin mononucleotide and several different iron-sulfur clusters containing non-heme iron. The iron undergoes oxidation-reduction between Fe(II) and Fe(III), and catalyzes proton translocation linked to the oxidation of NADH by ubiquinone. |
| | GO:0005739 | | mitochondrion | | A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration. |
| | GO:0043005 | | neuron projection | | A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite. |
| | GO:0005634 | | nucleus | | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. |
| | GO:0005886 | | plasma membrane | | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. |
| | GO:0098793 | | presynapse | | The part of a synapse that is part of the presynaptic cell. |
Description
