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(-) Description

Title :  CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE HUMAN EPHA4 ECTODOMAIN IN COMPLEX WITH HUMAN EPHRIN A5 (AMINE-METHYLATED SAMPLE)
 
Authors :  E. Seiradake, A. Schaupp, D. Deltororuiz, R. Kaufmann, N. Mitakidis, K A. R. Aricescu, R. Klein, E. Y. Jones
Date :  22 Apr 13  (Deposition) - 03 Jul 13  (Release) - 11 Nov 15  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  4.00
Chains :  Asym./Biol. Unit :  A,C
Keywords :  Signaling Protein, Cell Adhesion, Cell Repulsion, Receptor Clustering, Receptor Cis Interaction, Erythropoetin-Producing Hepatocellular Receptor, Lbd, Egf, Fn (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  E. Seiradake, A. Schaupp, D. Del Toro Ruiz, R. Kaufmann, N. Mitakidis, K. Harlos, A. R. Aricescu, R. Klein, E. Y. Jones
Structurally Encoded Intraclass Differences In Epha Clusters Drive Distinct Cell Responses
Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. V. 20 958 2013
PubMed-ID: 23812375  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1038/NSMB.2617

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - EPHRIN TYPE-A RECEPTOR 4
    ChainsA
    EC Number2.7.10.1
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemHOMO SAPIENS
    Expression System Cell LineHEK 293T
    Expression System CommonHUMAN
    Expression System PlasmidPHLSEC
    Expression System Taxid9606
    FragmentHEPHA4 ECTODOMAIN, RESIDUES 20-547
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606
    Other DetailsSAMPLE WAS AMINE-METHYLATED PRIOR TO CRYSTALLIZATION
    SynonymEPH-LIKE KINASE 8, EK8, HEK8, TYROSINE-PROTEIN KINASE TYRO1, TYROSINE-PROTEIN KINASE RECEPTOR SEK
 
Molecule 2 - EPHRIN-A5
    ChainsC
    EC Number2.7.10.1
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemHOMO SAPIENS
    Expression System Cell LineHEK 293T
    Expression System CommonHUMAN
    Expression System PlasmidPHLSEC
    Expression System Taxid9606
    FragmentHEPHRINA5 RECEPTOR BINDING DOMAIN, RESIDUES 27-166
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606
    Other DetailsSAMPLE WAS AMINE-METHYLATED PRIOR TO CRYSTALLIZATION
    SynonymAL-1, EPH-RELATED RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASE LIGAND 7, LERK-7

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  12
Asymmetric/Biological Unit AC

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (0, 0)

(no "Ligand,Modified Residues,Ions" information available for 4BK5)

(-) Sites  (0, 0)

(no "Site" information available for 4BK5)

(-) SS Bonds  (13, 13)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
No.Residues
1A:73 -A:191
2A:108 -A:118
3A:204 -A:247
4A:233 -A:260
5A:262 -A:273
6A:276 -A:290
7A:293 -A:307
8A:309 -A:325
9A:366 -A:380
10A:369 -A:377
11C:57 -C:169
12C:66 -C:106
13C:94 -C:156

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (5, 5)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
No.Residues
1Ser A:48 -Pro A:49
2Glu A:62 -Lys A:63
3Asp A:151 -Glu A:152
4Gln A:156 -Val A:157
5Gly A:174 -Pro A:175

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (4, 4)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (4, 4)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_012035N55KEFNA5_HUMANPolymorphism469062CN59K
2UniProtVAR_042135R269QEPHA4_HUMANPolymorphism35084379AR269Q
3UniProtVAR_042136G370EEPHA4_HUMANUnclassified756952113AG370E
4UniProtVAR_042137S399FEPHA4_HUMANUnclassified868224085AS399F

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (5, 6)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (5, 6)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1EPH_LBDPS51550 Eph receptor ligand-binding domain profile.EPHA4_HUMAN30-209  1A:30-209
2EPHRIN_RBD_1PS01299 Ephrin receptor-binding (ephrin RBD) domain signature.EFNA5_HUMAN113-140  1C:117-144
3RECEPTOR_TYR_KIN_V_1PS00790 Receptor tyrosine kinase class V signature 1.EPHA4_HUMAN185-205  1A:185-205
4RECEPTOR_TYR_KIN_V_2PS00791 Receptor tyrosine kinase class V signature 2.EPHA4_HUMAN247-267  1A:247-267
5FN3PS50853 Fibronectin type-III domain profile.EPHA4_HUMAN328-439
440-537
  2A:328-439
A:440-533

(-) Exons   (0, 0)

(no "Exon" information available for 4BK5)

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:507
 aligned with EPHA4_HUMAN | P54764 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:986

    Alignment length:507
                                    36        46        56        66        76        86        96       106       116       126       136       146       156       166       176       186       196       206       216       226       236       246       256       266       276       286       296       306       316       326       336       346       356       366       376       386       396       406       416       426       436       446       456       466       476       486       496       506       516       526       
          EPHA4_HUMAN    27 PANEVTLLDSRSVQGELGWIASPLEGGWEEVSIMDEKNTPIRTYQVCNVMEPSQNNWLRTDWITREGAQRVYIEIKFTLRDCNSLPGVMGTCKETFNLYYYESDNDKERFIRENQFVKIDTIAADESFTQVDIGDRIMKLNTEIRDVGPLSKKGFYLAFQDVGACIALVSVRVFYKKCPLTVRNLAQFPDTITGADTSSLVEVRGSCVNNSEEKDVPKMYCGADGEWLVPIGNCLCNAGHEERSGECQACKIGYYKALSTDATCAKCPPHSYSVWEGATSCTCDRGFFRADNDAASMPCTRPPSAPLNLISNVNETSVNLEWSSPQNTGGRQDISYNVVCKKCGAGDPSKCRPCGSGVHYTPQQNGLKTTKVSITDLLAHTNYTFEIWAVNGVSKYNPNPDQSVSVTVTTNQAAPSSIALVQAKEVTRYSVALAWLEPDRPNGVILEYEVKYYEKDQNERSYRIVRTAARNTDIKGLNPLTSYVFHVRARTAAGYGDFSEPLEVTTN 533
               SCOP domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ....eeee...........eee......ee.............eeee........eeee...ee......eeeeeeee.................eeeeeeee.............eeeeee...................eeeeee......eeeeeeee...eeeeeeeeeee.ee..eee..eee..ee........eeee......ee.....eeee.............ee...ee......ee....ee.........ee..........................................eeeee....eeeee...........eeeeeee..............................eeee.......eeeeeeeeee.............eeeee...........ee..........eee.........eeeeeeeeeee.......eeeee...ee.........eeee.eeeee..........eeee.. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Q----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------E----------------------------F-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                PROSITE (1) ---EPH_LBD  PDB: A:30-209 UniProt: 30-209                                                                                                                                              -------------------------------------RECEPTOR_TYR_KIN_V_2 ------------------------------------------------------------FN3  PDB: A:328-439 UniProt: 328-439                                                                            FN3  PDB: A:440-533 UniProt: 440-537                                                           PROSITE (1)
                PROSITE (2) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------RECEPTOR_TYR_KIN_V_1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE (2)
                 Transcript --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 4bk5 A  27 PANEVTLLDSRSVQGELGWIASPLEGGWEEVSIMDEKNTPIRTYQVCNVMEPSQNNWLRTDWITREGAQRVYIEIKFTLRDCNSLPGVMGTCKETFNLYYYESDNDKERFIRENQFVKIDTIAADESFTQVDIGDRIMKLNTEIRDVGPLSKKGFYLAFQDVGACIALVSVRVFYKKCPLTVRNLAQFPDTITGADTSSLVEVRGSCVNNSEEKDVPKMYCGADGEWLVPIGNCLCNAGHEERSGECQACKIGYYKALSTDATCAKCPPHSYSVWEGATSCTCDRGFFRADNDAASMPCTRPPSAPLNLISNVNETSVNLEWSSPQNTGGRQDISYNVVCKKCGAGDPSKCRPCGSGVHYTPQQNGLKTTKVSITDLLAHTNYTFEIWAVNGVSKYNPNPDQSVSVTVTTNQAAPSSIALVQAKEVTRYSVALAWLEPDRPNGVILEYEVKYYEKDQNERSYRIVRTAARNTDIKGLNPLTSYVFHVRARTAAGYGDFSEPLEVTTN 533
                                    36        46        56        66        76        86        96       106       116       126       136       146       156       166       176       186       196       206       216       226       236       246       256       266       276       286       296       306       316       326       336       346       356       366       376       386       396       406       416       426       436       446       456       466       476       486       496       506       516       526       

Chain C from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:137
 aligned with EFNA5_HUMAN | P52803 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:228

    Alignment length:137
                                    39        49        59        69        79        89        99       109       119       129       139       149       159       
          EFNA5_HUMAN    30 DRYAVYWNSSNPRFQRGDYHIDVCINDYLDVFCPHYEDSVPEDKTERYVLYMVNFDGYSACDHTSKGFKRWECNRPHSPNGPLKFSEKFQLFTPFSLGFEFRPGREYFYISSAIPDNGRRSCLKLKVFVRPTNSCMK 166
               SCOP domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .eeeee....hhhhhhh..eeee....eeeee...............eeeee.hhhhhhhh......eeeee...........eeeee................eeeeeeeee.........eeeeeee........ Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) -------------------------K--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                PROSITE (2) -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------EPHRIN_RBD_1  PDB: C:117-144-------------------------- PROSITE (2)
                 Transcript ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 4bk5 C  34 DRYAVYWNSSNPRFQRGDYHIDVCINDYLDVFCPHYEDSVPEDKTERYVLYMVNFDGYSACDHTSKGFKRWECNRPHSPNGPLKFSEKFQLFTPFSLGFEFRPGREYFYISSAIPDNGRRSCLKLKVFVRPTNSCMK 171
                                    43        53        63        73        83        93       103       113       123       133       143    || 154       164       
                                                                                                                                            148|                     
                                                                                                                                             150                     

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (0, 0)

(no "SCOP Domain" information available for 4BK5)

(-) CATH Domains  (0, 0)

(no "CATH Domain" information available for 4BK5)

(-) Pfam Domains  (0, 0)

(no "Pfam Domain" information available for 4BK5)

(-) Gene Ontology  (92, 100)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A   (EPHA4_HUMAN | P54764)
molecular function
    GO:0005524    ATP binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.
    GO:0097161    DH domain binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a DH (Dbl homology) domain of a protein. The DH domain contains three structurally conserved regions separated by more variable regions. It is composed of 11 alpha helices that are folded into a flattened, elongated alpha-helix bundle in which two of the three conserved regions, conserved region 1 (CR1) and conserved region 3 (CR3), are exposed near the centre of one surface. CR1 and CR3, together with a part of alpha-6 and the DH/PH (pleckstrin homology) junction site, constitute the Rho GTPase interacting pocket.
    GO:0005004    GPI-linked ephrin receptor activity    Combining with a GPI-anchored ephrin to initiate a change in cell activity.
    GO:0042731    PH domain binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a PH domain (pleckstrin homology) of a protein, a domain of about 100 residues that occurs in a wide range of proteins involved in intracellular signaling or as constituents of the cytoskeleton.
    GO:0005003    ephrin receptor activity    Combining with an ephrin to initiate a change in cell activity.
    GO:0046875    ephrin receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an ephrin receptor.
    GO:0042802    identical protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein or proteins.
    GO:0016301    kinase activity    Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.
    GO:0000166    nucleotide binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0004672    protein kinase activity    Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP.
    GO:0004713    protein tyrosine kinase activity    Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate.
    GO:0016740    transferase activity    Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2.
    GO:0004714    transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity    Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-tyrosine = ADP + a protein-L-tyrosine phosphate.
    GO:0005005    transmembrane-ephrin receptor activity    Combining with a transmembrane ephrin to initiate a change in cell activity.
biological process
    GO:0007628    adult walking behavior    The behavior of an adult relating to the progression of that organism along the ground by the process of lifting and setting down each leg.
    GO:0007411    axon guidance    The chemotaxis process that directs the migration of an axon growth cone to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.
    GO:0007155    cell adhesion    The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules.
    GO:0021957    corticospinal tract morphogenesis    Generation of a long process of a pyramidal cell, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in cerebral cortex layer V towards target cells in the gray matter of the spinal cord. This axonal process is a member of those that make up the corticospinal tract.
    GO:0048013    ephrin receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an ephrin receptor binding to an ephrin.
    GO:0097156    fasciculation of motor neuron axon    The collection of motor neuron axons into a bundle of rods, known as a fascicle.
    GO:0097155    fasciculation of sensory neuron axon    The collection of sensory neuron axons into a bundle of rods, known as a fascicle.
    GO:0008347    glial cell migration    The orderly movement of a glial cell, non-neuronal cells that provide support and nutrition, maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and participate in signal transmission in the nervous system.
    GO:0008045    motor neuron axon guidance    The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a motor neuron is directed to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.
    GO:0007275    multicellular organism development    The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult).
    GO:0048681    negative regulation of axon regeneration    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of axon regeneration.
    GO:0072178    nephric duct morphogenesis    The process in which the anatomical structures of the nephric duct are generated and organized. A nephric duct is a tube that drains a primitive kidney.
    GO:0007399    nervous system development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state.
    GO:0018108    peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation    The phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine to form peptidyl-O4'-phospho-L-tyrosine.
    GO:0016310    phosphorylation    The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide.
    GO:0043507    positive regulation of JUN kinase activity    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of JUN kinase activity.
    GO:2001108    positive regulation of Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity.
    GO:0050775    positive regulation of dendrite morphogenesis    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite morphogenesis.
    GO:0046777    protein autophosphorylation    The phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues (cis-autophosphorylation), or residues on an identical protein (trans-autophosphorylation).
    GO:0006468    protein phosphorylation    The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.
    GO:0043087    regulation of GTPase activity    Any process that modulates the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
    GO:0048710    regulation of astrocyte differentiation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte differentiation.
    GO:0050770    regulation of axonogenesis    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of axonogenesis, the generation of an axon, the long process of a neuron.
    GO:0061001    regulation of dendritic spine morphogenesis    Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of dendritic spine morphogenesis, the process in which the anatomical structures of a dendritic spine are generated and organized. A dendritic spine is a protrusion from a dendrite and a specialized subcellular compartment involved in synaptic transmission.
    GO:0007169    transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses tyrosine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
cellular component
    GO:0005794    Golgi apparatus    A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.
    GO:0030424    axon    The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter.
    GO:0043679    axon terminus    Terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters. The axon terminus is considered to be the whole region of thickening and the terminal button is a specialized region of it.
    GO:0044295    axonal growth cone    The migrating motile tip of a growing nerve cell axon.
    GO:0044297    cell body    The portion of a cell bearing surface projections such as axons, dendrites, cilia, or flagella that includes the nucleus, but excludes all cell projections.
    GO:0030054    cell junction    A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. At a cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix.
    GO:0042995    cell projection    A prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon.
    GO:0009986    cell surface    The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0030425    dendrite    A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, often branched, morphology, receives and integrates signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conducts a nerve impulse towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body.
    GO:0043197    dendritic spine    A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment - typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable including "thin", "stubby", "mushroom", and "branched", with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity.
    GO:0005769    early endosome    A membrane-bounded organelle that receives incoming material from primary endocytic vesicles that have been generated by clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytosis; vesicles fuse with the early endosome to deliver cargo for sorting into recycling or degradation pathways.
    GO:0031901    early endosome membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding an early endosome.
    GO:0005783    endoplasmic reticulum    The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached).
    GO:0005768    endosome    A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered.
    GO:0030175    filopodium    Thin, stiff, actin-based protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal or dendritic growth cone, or a dendritic shaft.
    GO:0016021    integral component of membrane    The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
    GO:0005887    integral component of plasma membrane    The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0005741    mitochondrial outer membrane    The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope.
    GO:0031594    neuromuscular junction    The junction between the axon of a motor neuron and a muscle fiber. In response to the arrival of action potentials, the presynaptic button releases molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane of the muscle fiber, leading to a change in post-synaptic potential.
    GO:0043204    perikaryon    The portion of the cell soma (neuronal cell body) that excludes the nucleus.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
    GO:0014069    postsynaptic density of dendrite    An electron dense network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane of the dendrite of asymetric synapses. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components.
    GO:0045211    postsynaptic membrane    A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters cross the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.
    GO:0045202    synapse    The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron, muscle fiber or glial cell. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.

Chain C   (EFNA5_HUMAN | P52803)
molecular function
    GO:0045499    chemorepellent activity    Providing the environmental signal that initiates the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration of that signal.
    GO:0046875    ephrin receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an ephrin receptor.
    GO:0005168    neurotrophin TRKA receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the neurotrophin TRKA receptor.
    GO:0005169    neurotrophin TRKB receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the neurotrophin TRKB receptor.
    GO:0005170    neurotrophin TRKC receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the neurotrophin TRKC receptor.
    GO:0030297    transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activator activity    Binds to and increases the activity of a transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase.
biological process
    GO:0007171    activation of transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity    Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity.
    GO:0006915    apoptotic process    A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died.
    GO:0007411    axon guidance    The chemotaxis process that directs the migration of an axon growth cone to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.
    GO:0030154    cell differentiation    The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state.
    GO:0048668    collateral sprouting    The process in which outgrowths develop from the shafts of existing axons.
    GO:0048013    ephrin receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an ephrin receptor binding to an ephrin.
    GO:0007275    multicellular organism development    The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult).
    GO:0050919    negative chemotaxis    The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration of a chemical.
    GO:1900025    negative regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading.
    GO:0007399    nervous system development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state.
    GO:0048672    positive regulation of collateral sprouting    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of collateral sprouting.
    GO:0050731    positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine.
    GO:0001934    positive regulation of protein phosphorylation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein.
    GO:0051965    positive regulation of synapse assembly    Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synapse assembly, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a synapse.
    GO:0043087    regulation of GTPase activity    Any process that modulates the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
    GO:0032956    regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins.
    GO:0022604    regulation of cell morphogenesis    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell morphogenesis. Cell morphogenesis is the developmental process in which the shape of a cell is generated and organized.
    GO:0022407    regulation of cell-cell adhesion    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a cell to another cell.
    GO:0051893    regulation of focal adhesion assembly    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of focal adhesion formation, the establishment and maturation of focal adhesions.
    GO:0061178    regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin that contributes to the response of a cell to glucose.
    GO:0070507    regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins.
    GO:0031290    retinal ganglion cell axon guidance    The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a retinal ganglion cell (RGC) is directed to its target in the brain in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.
cellular component
    GO:0031362    anchored component of external side of plasma membrane    The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products that are tethered to the external side of the membrane only by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid group embedded in the membrane. Gene products with peptide sequences that are embedded in the membrane are excluded from this grouping.
    GO:0031225    anchored component of membrane    The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products that are tethered to the membrane only by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid group that is embedded in the membrane. Gene products with peptide sequences that are embedded in the membrane are excluded from this grouping.
    GO:0005901    caveola    A membrane raft that forms small pit, depression, or invagination that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane. Examples include flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane in adipocytes associated with caveolin proteins, and minute pits or incuppings of the cell membrane formed during pinocytosis. Caveolae may be pinched off to form free vesicles within the cytoplasm.
    GO:0005576    extracellular region    The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

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 Related Entries

(-) Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
        EFNA5_HUMAN | P528032x11 3mx0 4bka 4l0p 4m4r
        EPHA4_HUMAN | P547642lw8 2wo1 2wo2 2wo3 3ckh 3gxu 4bk4 4bka 4bkf 4m4p 4m4r 4w4z 4w50 5jr2

(-) Related Entries Specified in the PDB File

4bk4 CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE HUMAN EPHA4 ECTODOMAIN