molecular function |
| GO:0008536 | | Ran GTPase binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Ran, a conserved Ras-like GTP-binding protein, implicated in nucleocytoplasmic transport, cell cycle progression, spindle assembly, nuclear organization and nuclear envelope (NE) assembly. |
| GO:0051087 | | chaperone binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a chaperone protein, a class of proteins that bind to nascent or unfolded polypeptides and ensure correct folding or transport. |
| GO:0050897 | | cobalt ion binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a cobalt (Co) ion. |
| GO:0048037 | | cofactor binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a cofactor, a substance that is required for the activity of an enzyme or other protein. Cofactors may be inorganic, such as the metal atoms zinc, iron, and copper in certain forms, or organic, in which case they are referred to as coenzymes. Cofactors may either be bound tightly to active sites or bind loosely with the substrate. |
| GO:0004869 | | cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity | | Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a cysteine-type endopeptidase, any enzyme that hydrolyzes peptide bonds in polypeptides by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile. |
| GO:0043027 | | cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity involved in apoptotic process | | Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a cysteine-type endopeptidase involved in the apoptotic process. |
| GO:0019899 | | enzyme binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any enzyme. |
| GO:0042802 | | identical protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein or proteins. |
| GO:0046872 | | metal ion binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion. |
| GO:0008017 | | microtubule binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with microtubules, filaments composed of tubulin monomers. |
| GO:0030414 | | peptidase inhibitor activity | | Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds. |
| GO:0005515 | | protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| GO:0046982 | | protein heterodimerization activity | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nonidentical protein to form a heterodimer. |
| GO:0042803 | | protein homodimerization activity | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer. |
| GO:0015631 | | tubulin binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of tubulin, including microtubules. |
| GO:0004842 | | ubiquitin-protein transferase activity | | Catalysis of the transfer of ubiquitin from one protein to another via the reaction X-Ub + Y --> Y-Ub + X, where both X-Ub and Y-Ub are covalent linkages. |
| GO:0008270 | | zinc ion binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions. |
biological process |
| GO:0000086 | | G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle | | The mitotic cell cycle transition by which a cell in G2 commits to M phase. The process begins when the kinase activity of M cyclin/CDK complex reaches a threshold high enough for the cell cycle to proceed. This is accomplished by activating a positive feedback loop that results in the accumulation of unphosphorylated and active M cyclin/CDK complex. |
| GO:0006915 | | apoptotic process | | A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died. |
| GO:0007049 | | cell cycle | | The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division. |
| GO:0051301 | | cell division | | The process resulting in division and partitioning of components of a cell to form more cells; may or may not be accompanied by the physical separation of a cell into distinct, individually membrane-bounded daughter cells. |
| GO:0007059 | | chromosome segregation | | The process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized into specific structures and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets. In eukaryotes, chromosome segregation begins with the condensation of chromosomes, includes chromosome separation, and ends when chromosomes have completed movement to the spindle poles. |
| GO:0000910 | | cytokinesis | | The division of the cytoplasm and the plasma membrane of a cell and its partitioning into two daughter cells. |
| GO:0051303 | | establishment of chromosome localization | | The directed movement of a chromosome to a specific location. |
| GO:1990001 | | inhibition of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process | | Any process that prevents the activation of an inactive cysteine-type endopeptidase involved in an apoptotic process. |
| GO:0090307 | | mitotic spindle assembly | | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the spindle that contributes to the process of mitosis. |
| GO:0043066 | | negative regulation of apoptotic process | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. |
| GO:0043154 | | negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in the apoptotic process. |
| GO:0010466 | | negative regulation of peptidase activity | | Any process that stops or reduces the rate of peptidase activity, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins. |
| GO:0045892 | | negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. |
| GO:0008284 | | positive regulation of cell proliferation | | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation. |
| GO:0031536 | | positive regulation of exit from mitosis | | Any process that activates or increases the rate of progression from anaphase/telophase (high mitotic CDK activity) to G1 (low mitotic CDK activity). |
| GO:0045931 | | positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle | | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of progression through the mitotic cell cycle. |
| GO:0031503 | | protein complex localization | | A localization process that acts on a protein complex; the complex is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. |
| GO:0006468 | | protein phosphorylation | | The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein. |
| GO:0016925 | | protein sumoylation | | The process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is conjugated to a target protein via an isopeptide bond between the carboxyl terminus of SUMO with an epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue of the target protein. |
| GO:0016567 | | protein ubiquitination | | The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein. |
| GO:0042981 | | regulation of apoptotic process | | Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process. |
| GO:0009966 | | regulation of signal transduction | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction. |
| GO:0006355 | | regulation of transcription, DNA-templated | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. |
| GO:0007062 | | sister chromatid cohesion | | The cell cycle process in which the sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome become tethered to each other. |
| GO:0031577 | | spindle checkpoint | | A cell cycle checkpoint that originates from the mitotic or meiotic spindle. |
| GO:0006351 | | transcription, DNA-templated | | The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA. |
cellular component |
| GO:0005814 | | centriole | | A cellular organelle, found close to the nucleus in many eukaryotic cells, consisting of a small cylinder with microtubular walls, 300-500 nm long and 150-250 nm in diameter. It contains nine short, parallel, peripheral microtubular fibrils, each fibril consisting of one complete microtubule fused to two incomplete microtubules. Cells usually have two centrioles, lying at right angles to each other. At division, each pair of centrioles generates another pair and the twin pairs form the pole of the mitotic spindle. |
| GO:0005694 | | chromosome | | A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information. |
| GO:0032133 | | chromosome passenger complex | | A eukaryotically conserved protein complex that localizes to kinetochores in early mitosis, the spindle mid-zone in anaphase B and to the telophase midbody. It has been proposed that the passenger complex coordinates various events based on its location to different structures during the course of mitosis. Complex members include the BIR-domain-containing protein Survivin, Aurora kinase, INCENP and Borealin. |
| GO:0000775 | | chromosome, centromeric region | | The region of a chromosome that includes the centromeric DNA and associated proteins. In monocentric chromosomes, this region corresponds to a single area of the chromosome, whereas in holocentric chromosomes, it is evenly distributed along the chromosome. |
| GO:0000777 | | condensed chromosome kinetochore | | A multisubunit complex that is located at the centromeric region of a condensed chromosome and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules. |
| GO:0005737 | | cytoplasm | | All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| GO:0005881 | | cytoplasmic microtubule | | Any microtubule in the cytoplasm of a cell. |
| GO:0005856 | | cytoskeleton | | Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles. |
| GO:0005829 | | cytosol | | The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. |
| GO:0031021 | | interphase microtubule organizing center | | A microtubule organizing center found in interphase cells, which organize a longitudinal array of three to five MT bundles from the nuclear envelope during interphase. Each MT bundle is composed of two to seven MTs arranged in an antiparallel configuration, with the dynamic MT plus ends extending toward the cell tips and stable minus ends near the nucleus. |
| GO:0000776 | | kinetochore | | A multisubunit complex that is located at the centromeric region of DNA and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules. |
| GO:0005874 | | microtubule | | Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle. |
| GO:0030496 | | midbody | | A thin cytoplasmic bridge formed between daughter cells at the end of cytokinesis. The midbody forms where the contractile ring constricts, and may persist for some time before finally breaking to complete cytokinesis. |
| GO:0000228 | | nuclear chromosome | | A chromosome that encodes the nuclear genome and is found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell during the cell cycle phases when the nucleus is intact. |
| GO:0005654 | | nucleoplasm | | That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus. |
| GO:0005634 | | nucleus | | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. |
| GO:0005819 | | spindle | | The array of microtubules and associated molecules that forms between opposite poles of a eukaryotic cell during mitosis or meiosis and serves to move the duplicated chromosomes apart. |
| GO:0005876 | | spindle microtubule | | Any microtubule that is part of a mitotic or meiotic spindle; anchored at one spindle pole. |