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(-) Description

Title :  CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF DCOH1THR51SER
 
Authors :  H. Y. Rho, C. N. Jones, R. B. Rose
Date :  20 Jun 09  (Deposition) - 25 Aug 10  (Release) - 25 Aug 10  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  1.80
Chains :  Asym. Unit :  A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H
Biol. Unit 1:  A,B,C,D  (1x)
Biol. Unit 2:  E,F,G,H  (1x)
Keywords :  Alpha And Beta Structure, Lyase, Nucleus, Tetrahydrobiopterin Biosynthesis (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google)] )
 
Reference :  H. Y. Rho, C. N. Jones, R. B. Rose
Crystal Structure Of Dcoh1Thr51Ser
To Be Published
PubMed: search
(for further references see the PDB file header)

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - PTERIN-4-ALPHA-CARBINOLAMINE DEHYDRATASE
    Chains: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H
    EC Number: 4.2.1.96
    Engineered: YES
    Expression System: ESCHERICHIA COLI
    Expression System Plasmid: PGEX2T
    Expression System Strain: BL21
    Expression System Taxid: 562
    Expression System Vector Type: PLASMID
    Gene: DCOH, PCBD, PCBD/DCOH, PCBD1
    Mutation: YES
    Organism Common: RAT
    Organism Scientific: RATTUS NORVEGICUS
    Organism Taxid: 10116
    Synonym: PHS, 4-ALPHA-HYDROXY-TETRAHYDROPTERIN DEHYDRATASE, PHENYLALANINE HYDROXYLASE-STIMULATING PROTEIN, PTERIN CARBINOLAMINE DEHYDRATASE, PCD, DIMERIZATION COFACTOR OF HEPATOCYTE NUCLEAR FACTOR 1-ALPHA, DIMERIZATION COFACTOR OF HNF1, DCOH

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  12345678
Asymmetric Unit : ABCDEFGH
Biological Unit 1 (1x): ABCD    
Biological Unit 2 (1x):     EFGH

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (2, 16)

Asymmetric Unit (2, 16)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1GOL8Ligand/IonGLYCEROL
2SO48Ligand/IonSULFATE ION
Biological Unit 1 (2, 7)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1GOL3Ligand/IonGLYCEROL
2SO44Ligand/IonSULFATE ION
Biological Unit 2 (2, 9)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1GOL5Ligand/IonGLYCEROL
2SO44Ligand/IonSULFATE ION

(-) Sites  (16, 16)

Asymmetric Unit (16, 16)
No.NameEvidenceResiduesDescription
01AC1SOFTWAREHIS A:62 , THR A:79 , HIS A:80 , GLU A:81 , ARG A:88 , HOH A:118BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE SO4 A 105
02AC2SOFTWAREPHE A:35 , GLN H:15 , LEU H:16BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE GOL A 106
03AC3SOFTWAREHIS B:62 , THR B:79 , HIS B:80 , GLU B:81 , ARG B:88 , HOH B:331BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE SO4 B 105
04AC4SOFTWAREHIS C:62 , THR C:79 , HIS C:80 , GLU C:81 , ARG C:88 , HOH C:136BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE SO4 C 105
05AC5SOFTWARELYS C:36 , GLU C:97 , ALA C:100 , HOH C:115 , HOH C:512BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE GOL C 106
06AC6SOFTWAREHIS D:62 , THR D:79 , HIS D:80 , GLU D:81 , ARG D:88 , HOH D:153 , HOH D:296BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE SO4 D 105
07AC7SOFTWARELYS D:41 , ARG D:45 , HOH D:519BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE GOL D 106
08AC8SOFTWAREHIS E:62 , THR E:79 , HIS E:80 , GLU E:81 , ARG E:88 , HOH E:109BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE SO4 E 105
09AC9SOFTWAREASN A:19 , SER A:94 , ALA E:22 , VAL E:23 , HOH E:261BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE GOL E 106
10BC1SOFTWAREHIS F:62 , THR F:79 , HIS F:80 , GLU F:81 , ARG F:88 , HOH F:160BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE SO4 F 105
11BC2SOFTWAREHIS F:6 , ARG F:7 , CYS F:82BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE GOL F 106
12BC3SOFTWAREHIS G:62 , THR G:79 , HIS G:80 , GLU G:81 , ARG G:88 , GOL G:108 , HOH G:131BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE SO4 G 105
13BC4SOFTWAREHIS G:39 , ASN G:71 , LYS G:72 , HOH G:318BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE GOL G 106
14BC5SOFTWAREARG E:52 , SER E:102 , ARG G:45 , SER G:102 , MET G:103 , HOH G:472 , HOH G:522BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE GOL G 107
15BC6SOFTWAREASP G:61 , HIS G:63 , SO4 G:105 , HOH G:131BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE GOL G 108
16BC7SOFTWAREHIS H:62 , THR H:79 , HIS H:80 , GLU H:81 , ARG H:88 , HOH H:340 , HOH H:486BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE SO4 H 105

(-) SS Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "SS Bond" information available for 3HXA)

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 3HXA)

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (0, 0)

(no "SAP(SNP)/Variant" information available for 3HXA)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (0, 0)

(no "PROSITE Motif" information available for 3HXA)

(-) Exons   (3, 24)

Asymmetric Unit (3, 24)
 ENSEMBLUniProtKBPDB
No.Transcript IDExonExon IDGenome LocationLengthIDLocationLengthCountLocationLength
1.1ENSRNOT000000006871ENSRNOE00000458408chr20:28366640-2836665516PHS_RAT-00--
1.2ENSRNOT000000006872ENSRNOE00000433258chr20:28448637-2844872084PHS_RAT1-110--
1.3ENSRNOT000000006873ENSRNOE00000004350chr20:28451543-28451674132PHS_RAT2-45448A:5-45
B:5-45
C:6-45
D:4-45
E:4-45
F:4-45
G:5-45
H:4-45		41
41
40
42
42
42
41
42
1.4ENSRNOT000000006874ENSRNOE00000004351chr20:28452067-2845214781PHS_RAT46-72278A:46-72
B:46-72
C:46-72
D:46-72
E:46-72
F:46-72
G:46-72
H:46-72		27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
1.5ENSRNOT000000006875ENSRNOE00000004352chr20:28453672-28454164493PHS_RAT73-104328A:73-104
B:73-103
C:73-103
D:73-103
E:73-103
F:73-103
G:73-103
H:73-103		32
31
31
31
31
31
31
31

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it) 
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:100
 aligned with PHS_RAT | P61459 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:104

    Alignment length:100
                                    14        24        34        44        54        64        74        84        94       104
              PHS_RAT     5 AHRLSAEERDQLLPNLRAVGWNELEGRDAIFKQFHFKDFNRAFGFMTRVALQAEKLDHHPEWFNVYNKVHITLSTHECAGLSERDINLASFIEQVAVSMT 104
               SCOP domains d3hxaa_ A: automated matches                                                                         SCOP domains
               CATH domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ....hhhhhhhhhhhhhh...ee......eeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeee..eeeeee........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
               Transcript 1 Exon 1.3  PDB: A:5-45 UniProt: 2-45      Exon 1.4  PDB: A:46-72     Exon 1.5  PDB: A:73-104          Transcript 1
                 3hxa A   5 AHRLSAEERDQLLPNLRAVGWNELEGRDAIFKQFHFKDFNRAFGFMSRVALQAEKLDHHPEWFNVYNKVHITLSTHECAGLSERDINLASFIEQVAVSMT 104
                                    14        24        34        44        54        64        74        84        94       104


Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:99
 aligned with PHS_RAT | P61459 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:104

    Alignment length:99
                                    14        24        34        44        54        64        74        84        94         
              PHS_RAT     5 AHRLSAEERDQLLPNLRAVGWNELEGRDAIFKQFHFKDFNRAFGFMTRVALQAEKLDHHPEWFNVYNKVHITLSTHECAGLSERDINLASFIEQVAVSM 103
               SCOP domains d3hxab_ B: automated matches                                                                        SCOP domains
               CATH domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ....hhhhhhhhhhhhhh...ee......eeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeee..eeeeee........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
               Transcript 1 Exon 1.3  PDB: B:5-45 UniProt: 2-45      Exon 1.4  PDB: B:46-72     Exon 1.5  PDB: B:73-103         Transcript 1
                 3hxa B   5 AHRLSAEERDQLLPNLRAVGWNELEGRDAIFKQFHFKDFNRAFGFMSRVALQAEKLDHHPEWFNVYNKVHITLSTHECAGLSERDINLASFIEQVAVSM 103
                                    14        24        34        44        54        64        74        84        94         


Chain C from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:98
 aligned with PHS_RAT | P61459 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:104

    Alignment length:98
                                    15        25        35        45        55        65        75        85        95        
              PHS_RAT     6 HRLSAEERDQLLPNLRAVGWNELEGRDAIFKQFHFKDFNRAFGFMTRVALQAEKLDHHPEWFNVYNKVHITLSTHECAGLSERDINLASFIEQVAVSM 103
               SCOP domains d3hxac_ C: automated matches                                                                       SCOP domains
               CATH domains -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ...hhhhhhhhhhhhhh...ee......eeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeee..eeeeee........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
               Transcript 1 Exon 1.3  PDB: C:6-45 UniProt: 2-45     Exon 1.4  PDB: C:46-72     Exon 1.5  PDB: C:73-103         Transcript 1
                 3hxa C   6 HRLSAEERDQLLPNLRAVGWNELEGRDAIFKQFHFKDFNRAFGFMSRVALQAEKLDHHPEWFNVYNKVHITLSTHECAGLSERDINLASFIEQVAVSM 103
                                    15        25        35        45        55        65        75        85        95        


Chain D from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:100
 aligned with PHS_RAT | P61459 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:104

    Alignment length:100
                                    13        23        33        43        53        63        73        83        93       103
              PHS_RAT     4 KAHRLSAEERDQLLPNLRAVGWNELEGRDAIFKQFHFKDFNRAFGFMTRVALQAEKLDHHPEWFNVYNKVHITLSTHECAGLSERDINLASFIEQVAVSM 103
               SCOP domains d3hxad_ D: automated matches                                                                         SCOP domains
               CATH domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .....hhhhhhhhhhhhhh...ee......eeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeee..eeeeee.hhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
               Transcript 1 Exon 1.3  PDB: D:4-45 UniProt: 2-45       Exon 1.4  PDB: D:46-72     Exon 1.5  PDB: D:73-103         Transcript 1
                 3hxa D   4 KAHRLSAEERDQLLPNLRAVGWNELEGRDAIFKQFHFKDFNRAFGFMSRVALQAEKLDHHPEWFNVYNKVHITLSTHECAGLSERDINLASFIEQVAVSM 103
                                    13        23        33        43        53        63        73        83        93       103


Chain E from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:100
 aligned with PHS_RAT | P61459 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:104

    Alignment length:100
                                    13        23        33        43        53        63        73        83        93       103
              PHS_RAT     4 KAHRLSAEERDQLLPNLRAVGWNELEGRDAIFKQFHFKDFNRAFGFMTRVALQAEKLDHHPEWFNVYNKVHITLSTHECAGLSERDINLASFIEQVAVSM 103
               SCOP domains d3hxae_ E: automated matches                                                                         SCOP domains
               CATH domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..ee......eeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeee..eeeeee.hhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
               Transcript 1 Exon 1.3  PDB: E:4-45 UniProt: 2-45       Exon 1.4  PDB: E:46-72     Exon 1.5  PDB: E:73-103         Transcript 1
                 3hxa E   4 KAHRLSAEERDQLLPNLRAVGWNELEGRDAIFKQFHFKDFNRAFGFMSRVALQAEKLDHHPEWFNVYNKVHITLSTHECAGLSERDINLASFIEQVAVSM 103
                                    13        23        33        43        53        63        73        83        93       103


Chain F from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:100
 aligned with PHS_RAT | P61459 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:104

    Alignment length:100
                                    13        23        33        43        53        63        73        83        93       103
              PHS_RAT     4 KAHRLSAEERDQLLPNLRAVGWNELEGRDAIFKQFHFKDFNRAFGFMTRVALQAEKLDHHPEWFNVYNKVHITLSTHECAGLSERDINLASFIEQVAVSM 103
               SCOP domains d3hxaf_ F: automated matches                                                                         SCOP domains
               CATH domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .....hhhhhhhhhhhhhh...ee......eeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeee..eeeeee........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
               Transcript 1 Exon 1.3  PDB: F:4-45 UniProt: 2-45       Exon 1.4  PDB: F:46-72     Exon 1.5  PDB: F:73-103         Transcript 1
                 3hxa F   4 KAHRLSAEERDQLLPNLRAVGWNELEGRDAIFKQFHFKDFNRAFGFMSRVALQAEKLDHHPEWFNVYNKVHITLSTHECAGLSERDINLASFIEQVAVSM 103
                                    13        23        33        43        53        63        73        83        93       103


Chain G from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:99
 aligned with PHS_RAT | P61459 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:104

    Alignment length:99
                                    14        24        34        44        54        64        74        84        94         
              PHS_RAT     5 AHRLSAEERDQLLPNLRAVGWNELEGRDAIFKQFHFKDFNRAFGFMTRVALQAEKLDHHPEWFNVYNKVHITLSTHECAGLSERDINLASFIEQVAVSM 103
               SCOP domains d3hxag_ G: automated matches                                                                        SCOP domains
               CATH domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ....hhhhhhhhhhhhhh...ee......eeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeee..eeeeee........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
               Transcript 1 Exon 1.3  PDB: G:5-45 UniProt: 2-45      Exon 1.4  PDB: G:46-72     Exon 1.5  PDB: G:73-103         Transcript 1
                 3hxa G   5 AHRLSAEERDQLLPNLRAVGWNELEGRDAIFKQFHFKDFNRAFGFMSRVALQAEKLDHHPEWFNVYNKVHITLSTHECAGLSERDINLASFIEQVAVSM 103
                                    14        24        34        44        54        64        74        84        94         


Chain H from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:100
 aligned with PHS_RAT | P61459 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:104

    Alignment length:100
                                    13        23        33        43        53        63        73        83        93       103
              PHS_RAT     4 KAHRLSAEERDQLLPNLRAVGWNELEGRDAIFKQFHFKDFNRAFGFMTRVALQAEKLDHHPEWFNVYNKVHITLSTHECAGLSERDINLASFIEQVAVSM 103
               SCOP domains d3hxah_ H: automated matches                                                                         SCOP domains
               CATH domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .....hhhhhhhhhhhhhh...ee......eeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeee..eeeeee.hhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
               Transcript 1 Exon 1.3  PDB: H:4-45 UniProt: 2-45       Exon 1.4  PDB: H:46-72     Exon 1.5  PDB: H:73-103         Transcript 1
                 3hxa H   4 KAHRLSAEERDQLLPNLRAVGWNELEGRDAIFKQFHFKDFNRAFGFMSRVALQAEKLDHHPEWFNVYNKVHITLSTHECAGLSERDINLASFIEQVAVSM 103
                                    13        23        33        43        53        63        73        83        93       103
   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (1, 8)

Asymmetric Unit
(-)
Class: Alpha and beta proteins (a+b) (23004)

(-) CATH Domains  (0, 0)

(no "CATH Domain" information available for 3HXA)

(-) Pfam Domains  (0, 0)

(no "Pfam Domain" information available for 3HXA)

(-) Gene Ontology  (21, 21)

Asymmetric Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H   (PHS_RAT | P61459)
molecular function
    GO:0008124    4-alpha-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin dehydratase activity    Catalysis of the reaction: (6R)-6-(L-erythro-1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4a-hydroxypterin = (6R)-6-(L-erythro-1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-7,8-dihydro-6H-pterin + H(2)O.
    GO:0042802    identical protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein or proteins.
    GO:0016829    lyase activity    Catalysis of the cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond. They differ from other enzymes in that two substrates are involved in one reaction direction, but only one in the other direction. When acting on the single substrate, a molecule is eliminated and this generates either a new double bond or a new ring.
    GO:0003674    molecular_function    Elemental activities, such as catalysis or binding, describing the actions of a gene product at the molecular level. A given gene product may exhibit one or more molecular functions.
    GO:0004505    phenylalanine 4-monooxygenase activity    Catalysis of the reaction: L-phenylalanine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 = L-tyrosine + 4-alpha-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin.
    GO:0003713    transcription coactivator activity    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a activating transcription factor and also with the basal transcription machinery in order to increase the frequency, rate or extent of transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind the template nucleic acid, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between activating transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery.
biological process
    GO:0006558    L-phenylalanine metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-phenylalanine, the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid, i.e. (2S)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid.
    GO:0008150    biological_process    Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end.
    GO:0055114    oxidation-reduction process    A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons.
    GO:0045893    positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
    GO:0051291    protein heterooligomerization    The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of component monomers that are not all identical. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer.
    GO:0051289    protein homotetramerization    The formation of a protein homotetramer, a macromolecular structure consisting of four noncovalently associated identical subunits.
    GO:0043496    regulation of protein homodimerization activity    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein homodimerization, interacting selectively with an identical protein to form a homodimer.
    GO:0006355    regulation of transcription, DNA-templated    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
    GO:0006729    tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthetic process    The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tetrahydrobiopterin, the reduced form of biopterin (2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-(1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-pteridine). It functions as a hydroxylation coenzyme, e.g. in the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine.
    GO:0006351    transcription, DNA-templated    The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA.
cellular component
    GO:0005575    cellular_component    The part of a cell, extracellular environment or virus in which a gene product is located. A gene product may be located in one or more parts of a cell and its location may be as specific as a particular macromolecular complex, that is, a stable, persistent association of macromolecules that function together.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0070062    extracellular exosome    A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
    GO:0005654    nucleoplasm    That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.
    GO:0005634    nucleus    A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

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        PHS_RAT | P61459: 1dch 1dco 1dcp 1f93

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