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Asym./Biol. Unit  (Jmol Viewer)

(-) Description

Title :  TRUNCATED SNARE COMPLEX WITH COMPLEXIN
 
Authors :  D. Kuemmel, K. M. Reinisch
Date :  17 Apr 11  (Deposition) - 27 Jul 11  (Release) - 24 Aug 11  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  3.50
Chains :  Asym./Biol. Unit :  A,B,C,D,E
Keywords :  Snare Proteins, Membrane Fusion, Membrane Protein-Exocytosis- Transport Protein Complex, Membrane Protein-Exocytosis Complex (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  D. Kummel, S. S. Krishnakumar, D. T. Radoff, F. Li, C. G. Giraudo, F. Pincet, J. E. Rothman, K. M. Reinisch
Complexin Cross-Links Prefusion Snares Into A Zigzag Array.
Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. V. 18 927 2011
PubMed-ID: 21785414  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1038/NSMB.2101

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - VAMP2
    ChainsA
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemESCHERICHIA COLI
    Expression System Taxid562
    FragmentUNP RESIDUES 28-60
    GeneVAMP2, SYB2
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606
 
Molecule 2 - SYNTAXIN 1A
    ChainsB
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemESCHERICHIA COLI
    Expression System Taxid562
    FragmentUNP RESIDUES 191-253
    GeneSTX1A, SAP
    Organism ScientificRATTUS NORVEGICUS
    Organism Taxid10116
 
Molecule 3 - SNAP25
    ChainsC
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemESCHERICHIA COLI
    Expression System Taxid562
    FragmentUNP RESIDUES 7-82
    GeneSNAP25, SNAP
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606
 
Molecule 4 - SNAP25
    ChainsD
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemESCHERICHIA COLI
    Expression System Taxid562
    FragmentUNP RESIDUES 141-203
    GeneSNAP25, SNAP
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606
 
Molecule 5 - COMPLEXIN-1
    ChainsE
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemESCHERICHIA COLI
    Expression System Taxid562
    FragmentUNP RESIDUES 26-83
    GeneCPLX1
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606
    SynonymCOMPLEXIN I, CPX I, SYNAPHIN-2

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  12345
Asymmetric/Biological Unit ABCDE

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (0, 0)

(no "Ligand,Modified Residues,Ions" information available for 3RK3)

(-) Sites  (0, 0)

(no "Site" information available for 3RK3)

(-) SS Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "SS Bond" information available for 3RK3)

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 3RK3)

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (1, 1)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (1, 1)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_073698I67NSNP25_HUMANDisease (CMS18)  ---CI67N

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (4, 6)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (4, 6)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1T_SNAREPS50192 t-SNARE coiled-coil homology domain profile.SNP25_HUMAN19-81
140-202
  2C:19-74
D:141-202
STX1A_RAT192-254  1B:192-250
2V_SNAREPS50892 v-SNARE coiled-coil homology domain profile.VAMP2_HUMAN31-91  1A:31-60
3SYNAPTOBREVINPS00417 Synaptobrevin signature.VAMP2_HUMAN49-68  1A:49-60
4SYNTAXINPS00914 Syntaxin / epimorphin family signature.STX1A_RAT198-237  1B:198-237

(-) Exons   (9, 9)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (9, 9)
 ENSEMBLUniProtKBPDB
No.Transcript IDExonExon IDGenome LocationLengthIDLocationLengthCountLocationLength
1.1ENSRNOT000000496011ENSRNOE00000287178chr12:22765064-2276500461STX1A_RAT1-10100--
1.2ENSRNOT000000496012ENSRNOE00000361256chr12:22752097-2275202078STX1A_RAT11-36260--
1.3ENSRNOT000000496013ENSRNOE00000279130chr12:22751752-22751653100STX1A_RAT37-70340--
1.4ENSRNOT000000496014ENSRNOE00000343385chr12:22748087-2274801375STX1A_RAT70-95260--
1.5ENSRNOT000000496015ENSRNOE00000295520chr12:22747334-2274726174STX1A_RAT95-119250--
1.6ENSRNOT000000496016ENSRNOE00000302188chr12:22747159-22747051109STX1A_RAT120-156370--
1.7ENSRNOT000000496017ENSRNOE00000358330chr12:22746606-2274653374STX1A_RAT156-180251B:189-1902
1.8ENSRNOT000000496018ENSRNOE00000316992chr12:22743199-22743062138STX1A_RAT181-226461B:191-22636
1.9ENSRNOT000000496019ENSRNOE00000335636chr12:22739362-22739252111STX1A_RAT227-263371B:227-25024
1.10ENSRNOT0000004960110ENSRNOE00000345574chr12:22738422-227371121311STX1A_RAT264-288250--

2.1aENST000002549761aENSE00001206321chr20:10199478-10199625148SNP25_HUMAN-00--
2.3aENST000002549763aENSE00001229068chr20:10256077-10256211135SNP25_HUMAN1-24241C:10-24
-
15
-
2.4aENST000002549764aENSE00001017161chr20:10258333-1025837442SNP25_HUMAN25-38141C:25-38
-
14
-
2.5ENST000002549765ENSE00000906745chr20:10265372-1026542049SNP25_HUMAN39-55171C:39-55
-
17
-
2.7ENST000002549767ENSE00002191142chr20:10273809-10273926118SNP25_HUMAN55-94401C:55-74
-
20
-
2.8bENST000002549768bENSE00000906747chr20:10277573-10277698126SNP25_HUMAN94-136430--
2.9ENST000002549769ENSE00000906748chr20:10279916-10280060145SNP25_HUMAN136-184491-
D:140-184
-
45
2.10ENST0000025497610ENSE00001937220chr20:10286777-102880661290SNP25_HUMAN185-206221-
D:185-203
-
19

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:34
 aligned with VAMP2_HUMAN | P63027 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:116

    Alignment length:43
                                    27        37        47        57   
          VAMP2_HUMAN    18 GPPAPPPNLTSNRRLQQTQAQVDEVVDIMRVNVDKVLERDQKL  60
               SCOP domains ------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author h---------hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                PROSITE (2) -------------V_SNARE  PDB: A:31-60          PROSITE (2)
                PROSITE (3) -------------------------------SYNAPTOBREVI PROSITE (3)
                 Transcript ------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 3rk3 A  27 G---------SNRRLQQTQAQVDEVVDIMRVNVDKVLERDQKL  60
                            |        -|       37        47        57   
                           27        28                                

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:62
 aligned with STX1A_RAT | P32851 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:288

    Alignment length:79
                                   181       191       201       211       221       231       241         
            STX1A_RAT   172 GNPAIFASGIIMDSSISKQALSEIETRHSEIIKLENSIRELHDMFMDMAMLVESQGEMIDRIEYNVEHAVDYVERAVSD 250
               SCOP domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author hh-----------------hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                PROSITE (2) --------------------T_SNARE  PDB: B:192-250 UniProt: 192-254                    PROSITE (2)
                PROSITE (3) --------------------------SYNTAXIN  PDB: B:198-237                ------------- PROSITE (3)
               Transcript 1 Exon 1.7 Exon 1.8  PDB: B:191-226 UniProt: 181-226     Exon 1.9  PDB: B:227-250 Transcript 1
                 3rk3 B 189 GS-----------------ALSEIETRHSEIIKLENSIRELHDMFMDMAMLVESQGEMIDRIEYNVEHAVDYVERAVSD 250
                             |       -       191       201       211       221       231       241         
                           190               191                                                           

Chain C from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:65
 aligned with SNP25_HUMAN | P60880 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:206

    Alignment length:65
                                    19        29        39        49        59        69     
          SNP25_HUMAN    10 ELEEMQRRADQLADESLESTRRMLQLVEESKDAGIRTLVMLDEQGEQLERIEEGMDQINKDMKEA  74
               SCOP domains ----------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ----------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ----------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------------------------------------------------------N------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ---------T_SNARE  PDB: C:19-74 UniProt: 19-81                     PROSITE
           Transcript 2 (1) Exon 2.3a      Exon 2.4a     Exon 2.5         ------------------- Transcript 2 (1)
           Transcript 2 (2) ---------------------------------------------Exon 2.7             Transcript 2 (2)
                 3rk3 C  10 ELEEMQRRADQLADESLESTRRMLQLVEESKDAGIRTLVMLDEQGEQLDRVEEGMNHINQDMKEA  74
                                    19        29        39        49        59        69     

Chain D from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:65
 aligned with SNP25_HUMAN | P60880 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:206

    Alignment length:72
                                   141       151       161       171       181       191       201  
          SNP25_HUMAN   132 GFIRRVTNDARENEMDENLEQVSGIIGNLRHMALDMGNEIDTQNRQIDRIMEKADSNKTRIDEANQRATKML 203
               SCOP domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------ SCOP domains
               CATH domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------ CATH domains
               Pfam domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author h-------hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE --------T_SNARE  PDB: D:141-202 UniProt: 140-202                       - PROSITE
           Transcript 2 (1) 2.8b ------------------------------------------------Exon 2.10           Transcript 2 (1)
           Transcript 2 (2) ----Exon 2.9  PDB: D:140-184 UniProt: 136-184        ------------------- Transcript 2 (2)
                 3rk3 D 139 G-------SARENEMDENLEQVSGIIGNLRHMALDMGNEIDTQNRQIDRIMEKADSNKTRIDEANQRATKML 203
                            |      141       151       161       171       181       191       201  
                          139     140                                                               

Chain E from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:50
 aligned with CPLX1_HUMAN | O14810 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:134

    Alignment length:52
                                    31        41        51        61        71  
          CPLX1_HUMAN    22 GDEEKDPDAAKKEEERQEALRQAEEERKAKYAKMEAEREAVRQGIRDKYGIK  73
               SCOP domains ---------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ---------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ---------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .--...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ---------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript ---------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 3rk3 E  24 G--SKLPDAAKKFEEAQEALRQAEEERKAKYAKMEAEREAVRQGIRDKYGIK  73
                            |  |    31        41        51        61        71  
                            | 25                                                
                           24                                                   

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (0, 0)

(no "SCOP Domain" information available for 3RK3)

(-) CATH Domains  (0, 0)

(no "CATH Domain" information available for 3RK3)

(-) Pfam Domains  (0, 0)

(no "Pfam Domain" information available for 3RK3)

(-) Gene Ontology  (113, 180)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A   (VAMP2_HUMAN | P63027)
molecular function
    GO:0005484    SNAP receptor activity    Acting as a marker to identify a membrane and interacting selectively with one or more SNAREs on another membrane to mediate membrane fusion.
    GO:0000149    SNARE binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attached protein receptor) protein.
    GO:0048306    calcium-dependent protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules), in the presence of calcium.
    GO:0005516    calmodulin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calmodulin, a calcium-binding protein with many roles, both in the calcium-bound and calcium-free states.
    GO:0042802    identical protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein or proteins.
    GO:0044325    ion channel binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on an ion channel, a protein complex that spans a membrane and forms a water-filled channel across the phospholipid bilayer allowing selective ion transport down its electrochemical gradient.
    GO:0017022    myosin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any part of a myosin complex; myosins are any of a superfamily of molecular motor proteins that bind to actin and use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to generate force and movement along actin filaments.
    GO:0005543    phospholipid binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phospholipids, a class of lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester.
    GO:0008022    protein C-terminus binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein C-terminus, the end of any peptide chain at which the 1-carboxy function of a constituent amino acid is not attached in peptide linkage to another amino-acid residue.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0032403    protein complex binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0043621    protein self-association    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a domain within the same polypeptide.
    GO:0019905    syntaxin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a syntaxin, a SNAP receptor involved in the docking of synaptic vesicles at the presynaptic zone of a synapse.
    GO:0017075    syntaxin-1 binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the SNAP receptor syntaxin-1.
biological process
    GO:0043001    Golgi to plasma membrane protein transport    The directed movement of proteins from the Golgi to the plasma membrane in transport vesicles that move from the trans-Golgi network to the plasma membrane.
    GO:0017156    calcium ion regulated exocytosis    The release of intracellular molecules (e.g. hormones, matrix proteins) contained within a membrane-bounded vesicle by fusion of the vesicle with the plasma membrane of a cell, induced by a rise in cytosolic calcium-ion levels.
    GO:0032869    cellular response to insulin stimulus    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms.
    GO:0043308    eosinophil degranulation    The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as major basic protein, eosinophil peroxidase, and eosinophil cationic protein by an eosinophil.
    GO:0006887    exocytosis    A process of secretion by a cell that results in the release of intracellular molecules (e.g. hormones, matrix proteins) contained within a membrane-bounded vesicle. Exocytosis can occur either by full fusion, when the vesicle collapses into the plasma membrane, or by a kiss-and-run mechanism that involves the formation of a transient contact, a pore, between a granule (for exemple of chromaffin cells) and the plasma membrane. The latter process most of the time leads to only partial secretion of the granule content. Exocytosis begins with steps that prepare vesicles for fusion with the membrane (tethering and docking) and ends when molecules are secreted from the cell.
    GO:0014047    glutamate secretion    The controlled release of glutamate by a cell. The glutamate is the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in the nervous system.
    GO:0060291    long-term synaptic potentiation    A process that modulates synaptic plasticity such that synapses are changed resulting in the increase in the rate, or frequency of synaptic transmission at the synapse.
    GO:0061025    membrane fusion    The membrane organization process that joins two lipid bilayers to form a single membrane.
    GO:0070254    mucus secretion    The regulated release of mucus by the mucosa. Mucus is a viscous slimy secretion consisting of mucins and various inorganic salts dissolved in water, with suspended epithelial cells and leukocytes. The mucosa, or mucous membrane, is the membrane covered with epithelium that lines the tubular organs of the body. Mucins are carbohydrate-rich glycoproteins that have a lubricating and protective function.
    GO:0043320    natural killer cell degranulation    The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as perforin and granzymes by a natural killer cell.
    GO:0007269    neurotransmitter secretion    The regulated release of neurotransmitter from the presynapse into the synaptic cleft via calcium regualated exocytosis during synaptic transmission.
    GO:0043312    neutrophil degranulation    The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as proteases, lipases, and inflammatory mediators by a neutrophil.
    GO:0090316    positive regulation of intracellular protein transport    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of proteins within cells.
    GO:0006892    post-Golgi vesicle-mediated transport    The directed movement of substances from the Golgi to other parts of the cell, including organelles and the plasma membrane, mediated by small transport vesicles.
    GO:0006461    protein complex assembly    The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a protein complex.
    GO:0015031    protein transport    The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
    GO:1902259    regulation of delayed rectifier potassium channel activity    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of delayed rectifier potassium channel activity.
    GO:0017157    regulation of exocytosis    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of exocytosis.
    GO:1903593    regulation of histamine secretion by mast cell    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of histamine secretion by mast cell.
    GO:0060627    regulation of vesicle-mediated transport    Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of vesicle-mediated transport, the directed movement of substances, either within a vesicle or in the vesicle membrane, into, out of or within a cell.
    GO:0009749    response to glucose    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus.
    GO:0016079    synaptic vesicle exocytosis    Fusion of intracellular membrane-bounded vesicles with the pre-synaptic membrane of the neuronal cell resulting in release of neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft.
    GO:0006906    vesicle fusion    Fusion of the membrane of a transport vesicle with its target membrane.
    GO:0016192    vesicle-mediated transport    A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane.
cellular component
    GO:0031201    SNARE complex    A protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers. One well-characterized example is the neuronal SNARE complex formed of synaptobrevin 2, syntaxin 1a, and SNAP-25.
    GO:0030054    cell junction    A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. At a cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix.
    GO:0030136    clathrin-coated vesicle    A vesicle with a coat formed of clathrin connected to the membrane via one of the clathrin adaptor complexes.
    GO:0061202    clathrin-sculpted gamma-aminobutyric acid transport vesicle membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding a clathrin-sculpted gamma-aminobutyric acid transport vesicle.
    GO:0060203    clathrin-sculpted glutamate transport vesicle membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding a clathrin-sculpted glutamate transport vesicle.
    GO:0070083    clathrin-sculpted monoamine transport vesicle membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding a clathrin-sculpted monoamine transport vesicle.
    GO:0031410    cytoplasmic vesicle    A vesicle found in the cytoplasm of a cell.
    GO:0005829    cytosol    The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
    GO:0070062    extracellular exosome    A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
    GO:0016021    integral component of membrane    The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
    GO:0005887    integral component of plasma membrane    The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
    GO:0043231    intracellular membrane-bounded organelle    Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane.
    GO:0043229    intracellular organelle    Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0043005    neuron projection    A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.
    GO:0044306    neuron projection terminus    The specialized, terminal region of a neuron projection such as an axon or a dendrite.
    GO:0048471    perinuclear region of cytoplasm    Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
    GO:0030141    secretory granule    A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. Secretory granules move towards the periphery of the cell and upon stimulation, their membranes fuse with the cell membrane, and their protein load is exteriorized. Processing of the contained protein may take place in secretory granules.
    GO:0030667    secretory granule membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding a secretory granule.
    GO:0000322    storage vacuole    A vacuole that functions primarily in the storage of materials, including nutrients, pigments, waste products, and small molecules.
    GO:0045202    synapse    The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron, muscle fiber or glial cell. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.
    GO:0008021    synaptic vesicle    A secretory organelle, typically 50 nm in diameter, of presynaptic nerve terminals; accumulates in high concentrations of neurotransmitters and secretes these into the synaptic cleft by fusion with the 'active zone' of the presynaptic plasma membrane.
    GO:0030672    synaptic vesicle membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding a synaptic vesicle.
    GO:0070044    synaptobrevin 2-SNAP-25-syntaxin-1a complex    A SNARE complex that contains synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), SNAP-25, and syntaxin 1a (or orthologs thereof).
    GO:0070032    synaptobrevin 2-SNAP-25-syntaxin-1a-complexin I complex    A SNARE complex that contains synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), SNAP-25, syntaxin 1a, and complexin I (or orthologs thereof).
    GO:0070033    synaptobrevin 2-SNAP-25-syntaxin-1a-complexin II complex    A SNARE complex that contains synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), SNAP-25, syntaxin 1a, and complexin II (or orthologs thereof).
    GO:0043195    terminal bouton    Terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters. The axon terminus is considered to be the whole region of thickening and the terminal bouton is a specialized region of it.
    GO:0005802    trans-Golgi network    The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located within the Golgi apparatus on the side distal to the endoplasmic reticulum, from which secretory vesicles emerge. The trans-Golgi network is important in the later stages of protein secretion where it is thought to play a key role in the sorting and targeting of secreted proteins to the correct destination.
    GO:0031982    vesicle    Any small, fluid-filled, spherical organelle enclosed by membrane.
    GO:0008076    voltage-gated potassium channel complex    A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which potassium ions may cross a cell membrane in response to changes in membrane potential.
    GO:0042589    zymogen granule membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding a zymogen granule.

Chain B   (STX1A_RAT | P32851)
molecular function
    GO:0043008    ATP-dependent protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules) using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP.
    GO:0005484    SNAP receptor activity    Acting as a marker to identify a membrane and interacting selectively with one or more SNAREs on another membrane to mediate membrane fusion.
    GO:0000149    SNARE binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attached protein receptor) protein.
    GO:0019855    calcium channel inhibitor activity    Stops, prevents, or reduces the activity of a calcium channel.
    GO:0048306    calcium-dependent protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules), in the presence of calcium.
    GO:0019869    chloride channel inhibitor activity    Stops, prevents, or reduces the activity of a chloride channel.
    GO:0044325    ion channel binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on an ion channel, a protein complex that spans a membrane and forms a water-filled channel across the phospholipid bilayer allowing selective ion transport down its electrochemical gradient.
    GO:0019900    kinase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group.
    GO:0017022    myosin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any part of a myosin complex; myosins are any of a superfamily of molecular motor proteins that bind to actin and use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to generate force and movement along actin filaments.
    GO:0032028    myosin head/neck binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the head/neck region of a myosin heavy chain.
    GO:0047485    protein N-terminus binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein N-terminus, the end of any peptide chain at which the 2-amino (or 2-imino) function of a constituent amino acid is not attached in peptide linkage to another amino-acid residue.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0030674    protein binding, bridging    The binding activity of a molecule that brings together two or more protein molecules, or a protein and another macromolecule or complex, through a selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric interaction, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way.
    GO:0019904    protein domain specific binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific domain of a protein.
    GO:0046982    protein heterodimerization activity    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nonidentical protein to form a heterodimer.
biological process
    GO:0017156    calcium ion regulated exocytosis    The release of intracellular molecules (e.g. hormones, matrix proteins) contained within a membrane-bounded vesicle by fusion of the vesicle with the plasma membrane of a cell, induced by a rise in cytosolic calcium-ion levels.
    GO:0006887    exocytosis    A process of secretion by a cell that results in the release of intracellular molecules (e.g. hormones, matrix proteins) contained within a membrane-bounded vesicle. Exocytosis can occur either by full fusion, when the vesicle collapses into the plasma membrane, or by a kiss-and-run mechanism that involves the formation of a transient contact, a pore, between a granule (for exemple of chromaffin cells) and the plasma membrane. The latter process most of the time leads to only partial secretion of the granule content. Exocytosis begins with steps that prepare vesicles for fusion with the membrane (tethering and docking) and ends when molecules are secreted from the cell.
    GO:0006886    intracellular protein transport    The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell.
    GO:0006836    neurotransmitter transport    The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell.
    GO:0045956    positive regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis.
    GO:0033605    positive regulation of catecholamine secretion    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a catecholamine.
    GO:2000463    positive regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential    Any process that enhances the establishment or increases the extent of the excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) which is a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential.
    GO:0045921    positive regulation of exocytosis    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of exocytosis.
    GO:0001956    positive regulation of neurotransmitter secretion    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a neurotransmitter.
    GO:0010701    positive regulation of norepinephrine secretion    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of norepinephrine.
    GO:0017157    regulation of exocytosis    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of exocytosis.
    GO:0010807    regulation of synaptic vesicle priming    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle priming. Synaptic vesicle priming is the formation of SNARE-containing complexes, bringing synaptic vesicle membrane and plasma membranes into close proximity and thereby facilitating membrane fusion.
    GO:0009629    response to gravity    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gravitational stimulus.
    GO:0032940    secretion by cell    The controlled release of a substance by a cell.
    GO:0016081    synaptic vesicle docking    The initial (indirect) attachment of a synaptic vesicle membrane to the presynaptic active zone membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane and proteins of the presynaptic active zone cytoplasmic component. Synaptic vesicle tethering is the first step in this process.
    GO:0031629    synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic active zone membrane    Fusion of the membrane of a synaptic vesicle with the presynaptic active zone membrane, thereby releasing its cargo neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft.
    GO:0006810    transport    The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) or cellular components (such as complexes and organelles) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter, pore or motor protein.
    GO:0016192    vesicle-mediated transport    A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane.
cellular component
    GO:0031201    SNARE complex    A protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers. One well-characterized example is the neuronal SNARE complex formed of synaptobrevin 2, syntaxin 1a, and SNAP-25.
    GO:0042641    actomyosin    Any complex of actin, myosin, and accessory proteins.
    GO:0030054    cell junction    A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. At a cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix.
    GO:0031410    cytoplasmic vesicle    A vesicle found in the cytoplasm of a cell.
    GO:0016021    integral component of membrane    The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
    GO:0043229    intracellular organelle    Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0043005    neuron projection    A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
    GO:0043234    protein complex    A stable macromolecular complex composed (only) of two or more polypeptide subunits along with any covalently attached molecules (such as lipid anchors or oligosaccharide) or non-protein prosthetic groups (such as nucleotides or metal ions). Prosthetic group in this context refers to a tightly bound cofactor. The component polypeptide subunits may be identical.
    GO:0030141    secretory granule    A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. Secretory granules move towards the periphery of the cell and upon stimulation, their membranes fuse with the cell membrane, and their protein load is exteriorized. Processing of the contained protein may take place in secretory granules.
    GO:0045202    synapse    The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron, muscle fiber or glial cell. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.
    GO:0008021    synaptic vesicle    A secretory organelle, typically 50 nm in diameter, of presynaptic nerve terminals; accumulates in high concentrations of neurotransmitters and secretes these into the synaptic cleft by fusion with the 'active zone' of the presynaptic plasma membrane.
    GO:0030672    synaptic vesicle membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding a synaptic vesicle.
    GO:0070044    synaptobrevin 2-SNAP-25-syntaxin-1a complex    A SNARE complex that contains synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), SNAP-25, and syntaxin 1a (or orthologs thereof).
    GO:0070032    synaptobrevin 2-SNAP-25-syntaxin-1a-complexin I complex    A SNARE complex that contains synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), SNAP-25, syntaxin 1a, and complexin I (or orthologs thereof).
    GO:0070033    synaptobrevin 2-SNAP-25-syntaxin-1a-complexin II complex    A SNARE complex that contains synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), SNAP-25, syntaxin 1a, and complexin II (or orthologs thereof).
    GO:0008076    voltage-gated potassium channel complex    A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which potassium ions may cross a cell membrane in response to changes in membrane potential.

Chain C,D   (SNP25_HUMAN | P60880)
molecular function
    GO:0005484    SNAP receptor activity    Acting as a marker to identify a membrane and interacting selectively with one or more SNAREs on another membrane to mediate membrane fusion.
    GO:0000149    SNARE binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attached protein receptor) protein.
    GO:0048306    calcium-dependent protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules), in the presence of calcium.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0017075    syntaxin-1 binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the SNAP receptor syntaxin-1.
biological process
    GO:0008306    associative learning    Learning by associating a stimulus (the cause) with a particular outcome (the effect).
    GO:0007268    chemical synaptic transmission    The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
    GO:0014047    glutamate secretion    The controlled release of glutamate by a cell. The glutamate is the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in the nervous system.
    GO:0007626    locomotory behavior    The specific movement from place to place of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli. Locomotion of a whole organism in a manner dependent upon some combination of that organism's internal state and external conditions.
    GO:0060291    long-term synaptic potentiation    A process that modulates synaptic plasticity such that synapses are changed resulting in the increase in the rate, or frequency of synaptic transmission at the synapse.
    GO:0007269    neurotransmitter secretion    The regulated release of neurotransmitter from the presynapse into the synaptic cleft via calcium regualated exocytosis during synaptic transmission.
    GO:0001504    neurotransmitter uptake    The directed movement of neurotransmitters into neurons or glial cells. This process leads to inactivation and recycling of neurotransmitters.
    GO:0070201    regulation of establishment of protein localization    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein to a specific location.
    GO:0050796    regulation of insulin secretion    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin.
    GO:0010975    regulation of neuron projection development    Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection development. Neuron projection development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites).
    GO:0016081    synaptic vesicle docking    The initial (indirect) attachment of a synaptic vesicle membrane to the presynaptic active zone membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane and proteins of the presynaptic active zone cytoplasmic component. Synaptic vesicle tethering is the first step in this process.
    GO:0016079    synaptic vesicle exocytosis    Fusion of intracellular membrane-bounded vesicles with the pre-synaptic membrane of the neuronal cell resulting in release of neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft.
    GO:0031629    synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic active zone membrane    Fusion of the membrane of a synaptic vesicle with the presynaptic active zone membrane, thereby releasing its cargo neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft.
    GO:0016082    synaptic vesicle priming    A process that converts synaptic vesicles to a state of competence for calcium triggered fusion with the active zone membrane by bringing the two membranes into very close proximity. Priming typically (but not always) occurs after docking (Jahn and Fasshauer, 2012). Primed vesicles are also capable of spontaneously fusing with the active zone membrane.
cellular component
    GO:0031083    BLOC-1 complex    A protein complex required for the biogenesis of specialized organelles of the endosomal-lysosomal system, such as melanosomes and platelet dense granules. Many of the protein subunits are conserved between mouse and human; the mouse complex contains the Pallidin, Muted, Cappuccino, Dysbindin, Snapin, BLOS1, BLOS2, AND BLOS3 proteins.
    GO:0031201    SNARE complex    A protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers. One well-characterized example is the neuronal SNARE complex formed of synaptobrevin 2, syntaxin 1a, and SNAP-25.
    GO:0030054    cell junction    A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. At a cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0005829    cytosol    The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
    GO:0030426    growth cone    The migrating motile tip of a growing nerve cell axon or dendrite.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0043209    myelin sheath    An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system.
    GO:0043005    neuron projection    A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.
    GO:0048471    perinuclear region of cytoplasm    Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
    GO:0042734    presynaptic membrane    A specialized area of membrane of the axon terminal that faces the plasma membrane of the neuron or muscle fiber with which the axon terminal establishes a synaptic junction; many synaptic junctions exhibit structural presynaptic characteristics, such as conical, electron-dense internal protrusions, that distinguish it from the remainder of the axon plasma membrane.
    GO:0045202    synapse    The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron, muscle fiber or glial cell. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.
    GO:0070032    synaptobrevin 2-SNAP-25-syntaxin-1a-complexin I complex    A SNARE complex that contains synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), SNAP-25, syntaxin 1a, and complexin I (or orthologs thereof).
    GO:0005802    trans-Golgi network    The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located within the Golgi apparatus on the side distal to the endoplasmic reticulum, from which secretory vesicles emerge. The trans-Golgi network is important in the later stages of protein secretion where it is thought to play a key role in the sorting and targeting of secreted proteins to the correct destination.
    GO:0031982    vesicle    Any small, fluid-filled, spherical organelle enclosed by membrane.
    GO:0008076    voltage-gated potassium channel complex    A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which potassium ions may cross a cell membrane in response to changes in membrane potential.

Chain E   (CPLX1_HUMAN | O14810)
molecular function
    GO:0000149    SNARE binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attached protein receptor) protein.
    GO:0005326    neurotransmitter transporter activity    Enables the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell.
    GO:0019905    syntaxin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a syntaxin, a SNAP receptor involved in the docking of synaptic vesicles at the presynaptic zone of a synapse.
    GO:0017075    syntaxin-1 binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the SNAP receptor syntaxin-1.
biological process
    GO:0007268    chemical synaptic transmission    The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
    GO:0006887    exocytosis    A process of secretion by a cell that results in the release of intracellular molecules (e.g. hormones, matrix proteins) contained within a membrane-bounded vesicle. Exocytosis can occur either by full fusion, when the vesicle collapses into the plasma membrane, or by a kiss-and-run mechanism that involves the formation of a transient contact, a pore, between a granule (for exemple of chromaffin cells) and the plasma membrane. The latter process most of the time leads to only partial secretion of the granule content. Exocytosis begins with steps that prepare vesicles for fusion with the membrane (tethering and docking) and ends when molecules are secreted from the cell.
    GO:0014047    glutamate secretion    The controlled release of glutamate by a cell. The glutamate is the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in the nervous system.
    GO:0030073    insulin secretion    The regulated release of proinsulin from secretory granules (B granules) in the B cells of the pancreas; accompanied by cleavage of proinsulin to form mature insulin.
    GO:0007269    neurotransmitter secretion    The regulated release of neurotransmitter from the presynapse into the synaptic cleft via calcium regualated exocytosis during synaptic transmission.
    GO:0006836    neurotransmitter transport    The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell.
    GO:0017157    regulation of exocytosis    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of exocytosis.
    GO:0016079    synaptic vesicle exocytosis    Fusion of intracellular membrane-bounded vesicles with the pre-synaptic membrane of the neuronal cell resulting in release of neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft.
    GO:0006810    transport    The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) or cellular components (such as complexes and organelles) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter, pore or motor protein.
cellular component
    GO:0031201    SNARE complex    A protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers. One well-characterized example is the neuronal SNARE complex formed of synaptobrevin 2, syntaxin 1a, and SNAP-25.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0005829    cytosol    The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
    GO:0030425    dendrite    A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, often branched, morphology, receives and integrates signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conducts a nerve impulse towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body.
    GO:0043025    neuronal cell body    The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites.
    GO:0043234    protein complex    A stable macromolecular complex composed (only) of two or more polypeptide subunits along with any covalently attached molecules (such as lipid anchors or oligosaccharide) or non-protein prosthetic groups (such as nucleotides or metal ions). Prosthetic group in this context refers to a tightly bound cofactor. The component polypeptide subunits may be identical.
    GO:0045202    synapse    The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron, muscle fiber or glial cell. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.
    GO:0070032    synaptobrevin 2-SNAP-25-syntaxin-1a-complexin I complex    A SNARE complex that contains synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), SNAP-25, syntaxin 1a, and complexin I (or orthologs thereof).
    GO:0070554    synaptobrevin 2-SNAP-25-syntaxin-3-complexin complex    A SNARE complex that contains synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), SNAP-25, syntaxin 3, and a complexin (or orthologs thereof).
    GO:0043195    terminal bouton    Terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters. The axon terminus is considered to be the whole region of thickening and the terminal bouton is a specialized region of it.

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 Related Entries

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        CPLX1_HUMAN | O148103rl0
        SNP25_HUMAN | P608801kil 1uee 1urq 1xtg 2n1t 3dda 3ddb 3rk2 3rl0 3zur
        STX1A_RAT | P328511br0 1ez3 1hvv 1jth 1kil 1n7s 1sfc 1urq 2bu0 2m8r 2n1t 3c98 3hd7 3ipd 3j96 3j97 3j98 3j99 3rk2 3rl0 4jeh 4jeu 5ccg 5cch 5cci 5kj7 5kj8
        VAMP2_HUMAN | P630273fie 3fii 3rk2 3rl0

(-) Related Entries Specified in the PDB File

3rk2