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(-) Description

Title :  STRUCTURE OF BETA-CATENIN WITH LEF-1
 
Authors :  W. I. Weis, J. Sun
Date :  15 Sep 10  (Deposition) - 24 Nov 10  (Release) - 09 Dec 15  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  2.91
Chains :  Asym./Biol. Unit :  A,B
Keywords :  Wnt/Beta-Catenin Signaling Pathway, Tcf, Lef, Transcription Factors, Phosphorylation, Protein Binding (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  J. Sun, W. I. Weis
Biochemical And Structural Characterization Of Beta-Catenin Interactions With Nonphosphorylated And Ck2-Phosphorylated Lef-1.
J. Mol. Biol. V. 405 519 2011
PubMed-ID: 21075118  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1016/J.JMB.2010.11.010

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - CATENIN BETA-1
    ChainsA
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemESCHERICHIA COLI
    Expression System PlasmidPGEX
    Expression System Taxid562
    Expression System Vector TypePLASMID
    GeneCTNNB1, CATNB
    Organism CommonMOUSE
    Organism ScientificMUS MUSCULUS
    Organism Taxid10090
    SynonymBETA-CATENIN
 
Molecule 2 - LYMPHOID ENHANCER-BINDING FACTOR 1
    ChainsB
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemESCHERICHIA COLI
    Expression System PlasmidPPROEX
    Expression System Taxid562
    Expression System Vector TypePLASMID
    GeneLEF1, LEF-1
    Organism CommonMOUSE
    Organism ScientificMUS MUSCULUS
    Organism Taxid10090
    SynonymLEF-1

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  12
Asymmetric/Biological Unit AB

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (0, 0)

(no "Ligand,Modified Residues,Ions" information available for 3OUW)

(-) Sites  (0, 0)

(no "Site" information available for 3OUW)

(-) SS Bonds  (1, 1)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
No.Residues
1A:350 -B:16

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (1, 1)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
No.Residues
1Pro A:500 -Pro A:501

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (0, 0)

(no "SAP(SNP)/Variant" information available for 3OUW)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (1, 8)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (1, 8)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1ARM_REPEATPS50176 Armadillo/plakoglobin ARM repeat profile.CTNB1_MOUSE193-236
151-191
235-277
277-319
319-362
400-442
442-484
489-532
594-636
  8A:193-236
-
A:235-277
A:277-319
A:319-362
A:400-442
A:442-484
A:489-532
A:594-636

(-) Exons   (0, 0)

(no "Exon" information available for 3OUW)

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:496
 aligned with CTNB1_MOUSE | Q02248 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:781

    Alignment length:508
                                   166       176       186       196       206       216       226       236       246       256       266       276       286       296       306       316       326       336       346       356       366       376       386       396       406       416       426       436       446       456       466       476       486       496       506       516       526       536       546       556       566       576       586       596       606       616       626       636       646       656        
          CTNB1_MOUSE   157 TKLLNDEDQVVVNKAAVMVHQLSKKEASRHAIMRSPQMVSAIVRTMQNTNDVETARCTAGTLHNLSHHREGLLAIFKSGGIPALVKMLGSPVDSVLFYAITTLHNLLLHQEGAKMAVRLAGGLQKMVALLNKTNVKFLAITTDCLQILAYGNQESKLIILASGGPQALVNIMRTYTYEKLLWTTSRVLKVLSVCSSNKPAIVEAGGMQALGLHLTDPSQRLVQNCLWTLRNLSDAATKQEGMEGLLGTLVQLLGSDDINVVTCAAGILSNLTCNNYKNKMMVCQVGGIEALVRTVLRAGDREDITEPAICALRHLTSRHQEAEMAQNAVRLHYGLPVVVKLLHPPSHWPLIKATVGLIRNLALCPANHAPLREQGAIPRLVQLLVRAHQDTQRRTSMGGTQQQFVEGVRMEEIVEGCTGALHILARDVHNRIVIRGLNTIPLFVQLLYSPIENIQRVAAGVLCELAQDKEAAEAIEAEGATAPLTELLHSRNEGVATYAAAVLFRMSE 664
               SCOP domains d3ouwa_ A: beta-Catenin                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      SCOP domains
               CATH domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
           Pfam domains (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Arm-3ouwA01 A:583-623                    ----------------------------------------- Pfam domains (1)
           Pfam domains (2) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Arm-3ouwA02 A:583-623                    ----------------------------------------- Pfam domains (2)
           Pfam domains (3) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Arm-3ouwA03 A:583-623                    ----------------------------------------- Pfam domains (3)
           Pfam domains (4) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Arm-3ouwA04 A:583-623                    ----------------------------------------- Pfam domains (4)
         Sec.struct. author ..........hhhhhhh.......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhh.....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhhh.....------------...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhh..hhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                PROSITE (1) ARM_REPEAT  PDB: - UniProt: 151-191-ARM_REPEAT  PDB: A:193-236 UniProt: 193-236 ----------------------------------------ARM_REPEAT  PDB: A:277-319 UniProt: 277-319--------------------------------------------------------------------------------ARM_REPEAT  PDB: A:400-442 UniProt: 400-442----------------------------------------------ARM_REPEAT  PDB: A:489-532 UniProt: 489-532 -------------------------------------------------------------ARM_REPEAT  PDB: A:594-636 UniProt: 594-636---------------------------- PROSITE (1)
                PROSITE (2) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ARM_REPEAT  PDB: A:235-277 UniProt: 235-277-----------------------------------------ARM_REPEAT  PDB: A:319-362 UniProt: 319-362 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------ARM_REPEAT  PDB: A:442-484 UniProt: 442-484------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PROSITE (2)
                 Transcript ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 3ouw A 157 TKLLNDEDQVVVNKAAVMVHQLSKKEASRHAIMRSPQMVSAIVRTMQNTNDVETARCTAGTLHNLSHHREGLLAIFKSGGIPALVKMLGSPVDSVLFYAITTLHNLLLHQEGAKMAVRLAGGLQKMVALLNKTNVKFLAITTDCLQILAYGNQESKLIILASGGPQALVNIMRTYTYEKLLWTTSRVLKVLSVCSSNKPAIVEAGGMQALGLHLTDPSQRLVQNCLWTLRNLSDAATKQEGMEGLLGTLVQLLGSDDINVVTCAAGILSNLTCNNYKNKMMVCQVGGIEALVRTVLRAGDREDITEPAICALRHLTSRHQEAEMAQNAVRLHYGLPVVVKLLHPPSHWPLIKATVGLIRNLALCPANHAPLREQGAIPRLVQLLVRAHQDTQR------------EGVRMEEIVEGCTGALHILARDVHNRIVIRGLNTIPLFVQLLYSPIENIQRVAAGVLCELAQDKEAAEAIEAEGATAPLTELLHSRNEGVATYAAAVLFRMSE 664
                                   166       176       186       196       206       216       226       236       246       256       266       276       286       296       306       316       326       336       346       356       366       376       386       396       406       416       426       436       446       456       466       476       486       496       506       516       526       536       546  |      -     | 566       576       586       596       606       616       626       636       646       656        
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  549          562                                                                                                      

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:28
 aligned with LEF1_MOUSE | P27782 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:397

    Alignment length:50
                                    20        30        40        50        60
           LEF1_MOUSE    11 GDPELCATDEMIPFKDEGDPQKEKIFAEISHPEEEGDLADIKSSLVNESE  60
               SCOP domains -------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains -------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains CTNNB1_binding-                      3ouwB01 B:11- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ...............----------------------hhhhhhhhhh... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) -------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE -------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript -------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 3ouw B  11 GDPELCATDEMIPFK----------------------LADIKSSLVNESE  60
                                    20    |    -         -       |50        60
                                         25                     48            

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (1, 1)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

(-) CATH Domains  (0, 0)

(no "CATH Domain" information available for 3OUW)

(-) Pfam Domains  (2, 5)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
(-)
Clan: TPR (230)
(-)
Family: Arm (24)
1aArm-3ouwA01A:583-623
1bArm-3ouwA02A:583-623
1cArm-3ouwA03A:583-623
1dArm-3ouwA04A:583-623

(-) Gene Ontology  (344, 375)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A   (CTNB1_MOUSE | Q02248)
molecular function
    GO:0003677    DNA binding    Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively and non-covalently with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
    GO:0070411    I-SMAD binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an inhibitory SMAD signaling protein.
    GO:0070412    R-SMAD binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a receptor-regulated SMAD signaling protein.
    GO:0001102    RNA polymerase II activating transcription factor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II transcription activating factor, a protein involved in positive regulation of transcription.
    GO:0001085    RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription by RNA polymerase II.
    GO:0046332    SMAD binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a SMAD signaling protein.
    GO:0045294    alpha-catenin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the alpha subunit of the catenin complex.
    GO:0045296    cadherin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with cadherin, a type I membrane protein involved in cell adhesion.
    GO:0003682    chromatin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chromatin, the network of fibers of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that make up the chromosomes of the eukaryotic nucleus during interphase.
    GO:0003690    double-stranded DNA binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded DNA.
    GO:0019899    enzyme binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any enzyme.
    GO:0030331    estrogen receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an estrogen receptor.
    GO:1990188    euchromatin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with euchromatin, a dispersed and relatively uncompacted form of chromatin.
    GO:1990226    histone methyltransferase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a histone methyltransferase enzyme.
    GO:0044325    ion channel binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on an ion channel, a protein complex that spans a membrane and forms a water-filled channel across the phospholipid bilayer allowing selective ion transport down its electrochemical gradient.
    GO:0035255    ionotropic glutamate receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an ionotropic glutamate receptor. Ionotropic glutamate receptors bind glutamate and exert an effect through the regulation of ion channels.
    GO:0019900    kinase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group.
    GO:0050998    nitric-oxide synthase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the enzyme nitric-oxide synthase.
    GO:0035257    nuclear hormone receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nuclear hormone receptor, a ligand-dependent receptor found in the nucleus of the cell.
    GO:0008022    protein C-terminus binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein C-terminus, the end of any peptide chain at which the 1-carboxy function of a constituent amino acid is not attached in peptide linkage to another amino-acid residue.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0032403    protein complex binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0019901    protein kinase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate.
    GO:0019903    protein phosphatase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein phosphatase.
    GO:0070491    repressing transcription factor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription repressor, any protein whose activity is required to prevent or downregulate transcription.
    GO:0004871    signal transducer activity    Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response.
    GO:0003713    transcription coactivator activity    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a activating transcription factor and also with the basal transcription machinery in order to increase the frequency, rate or extent of transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind the template nucleic acid, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between activating transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery.
    GO:0003700    transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex.
    GO:0008134    transcription factor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription.
    GO:0044212    transcription regulatory region DNA binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a DNA region that regulates the transcription of a region of DNA, which may be a gene, cistron, or operon. Binding may occur as a sequence specific interaction or as an interaction observed only once a factor has been recruited to the DNA by other factors.
biological process
    GO:0014010    Schwann cell proliferation    The multiplication or reproduction of Schwann cells, resulting in the expansion of their population. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell in the peripheral nervous system.
    GO:0030217    T cell differentiation    The process in which a precursor cell type acquires characteristics of a more mature T-cell. A T cell is a type of lymphocyte whose definin characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex.
    GO:0033077    T cell differentiation in thymus    The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a T cell via a differentiation pathway dependent upon transit through the thymus.
    GO:0016055    Wnt signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state.
    GO:0034333    adherens junction assembly    The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an adherens junction. An adherens junction is a cell junction at which the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane is attached to actin filaments.
    GO:0034332    adherens junction organization    A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an adherens junction. An adherens junction is a cell junction at which the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane is attached to actin filaments.
    GO:0048513    animal organ development    Development of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Development pertains to the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a structure over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions.
    GO:0009948    anterior/posterior axis specification    The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the anterior/posterior axis. The anterior-posterior axis is defined by a line that runs from the head or mouth of an organism to the tail or opposite end of the organism.
    GO:1904886    beta-catenin destruction complex disassembly    The disaggregation of a beta-catenin destruction complex into its constituent components.
    GO:0045453    bone resorption    The process in which specialized cells known as osteoclasts degrade the organic and inorganic portions of bone, and endocytose and transport the degradation products.
    GO:0001569    branching involved in blood vessel morphogenesis    The process of coordinated growth and sprouting of blood vessels giving rise to the organized vascular system.
    GO:0001658    branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis    The process in which the branching structure of the ureteric bud is generated and organized. The ureteric bud is an epithelial tube that grows out from the metanephric duct. The bud elongates and branches to give rise to the ureter and kidney collecting tubules.
    GO:0060070    canonical Wnt signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes. In this pathway, the activated receptor signals via downstream effectors that result in the inhibition of beta-catenin phosphorylation, thereby preventing degradation of beta-catenin. Stabilized beta-catenin can then accumulate and travel to the nucleus to trigger changes in transcription of target genes.
    GO:0044336    canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in negative regulation of apoptotic process    The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes involved in the negative regulation of apoptotic process.
    GO:0061324    canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in positive regulation of cardiac outflow tract cell proliferation    The canonical Wnt signaling pathway that contributes to the modulation of the expansion of a population of cardiac outflow tract cells.
    GO:0044334    canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition    The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes involved in the positive regulation of epithelial cell to mesenchymal cell transition.
    GO:0060038    cardiac muscle cell proliferation    The expansion of a cardiac muscle cell population by cell division.
    GO:0060947    cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation    The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell. A cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell covers the heart vasculature and lacks transverse striations in its constituent fibers.
    GO:0007155    cell adhesion    The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules.
    GO:0030154    cell differentiation    The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state.
    GO:0001709    cell fate determination    A process involved in cell fate commitment. Once determination has taken place, a cell becomes committed to differentiate down a particular pathway regardless of its environment.
    GO:0001708    cell fate specification    The process involved in the specification of cell identity. Once specification has taken place, a cell will be committed to differentiate down a specific pathway if left in its normal environment.
    GO:0048469    cell maturation    A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a cell to attain its fully functional state.
    GO:0000904    cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation    The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs when relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history.
    GO:0008283    cell proliferation    The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.
    GO:0007160    cell-matrix adhesion    The binding of a cell to the extracellular matrix via adhesion molecules.
    GO:0009987    cellular process    Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level.
    GO:0034613    cellular protein localization    Any process in which a protein is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location at the level of a cell. Localization at the cellular level encompasses movement within the cell, from within the cell to the cell surface, or from one location to another at the surface of a cell.
    GO:0044344    cellular response to fibroblast growth factor stimulus    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an fibroblast growth factor stimulus.
    GO:0071363    cellular response to growth factor stimulus    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus.
    GO:0071681    cellular response to indole-3-methanol    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an indole-3-methanol stimulus.
    GO:1990314    cellular response to insulin-like growth factor stimulus    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin-like growth factor stimulus.
    GO:0071285    cellular response to lithium ion    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lithium (Li+) ion stimulus.
    GO:0071260    cellular response to mechanical stimulus    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus.
    GO:0022009    central nervous system vasculogenesis    The differentiation of endothelial cells from progenitor cells during blood vessel development, and the de novo formation of blood vessels and tubes in the central nervous system. The capillary endothelial cells in the brain are specialized to form the blood-brain barrier.
    GO:0007268    chemical synaptic transmission    The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
    GO:0048096    chromatin-mediated maintenance of transcription    Maintenance of transcription by remodelling of chromatin into an 'open configuration'. Once established, this regulation is mitotically stable and is maintained over many cell divisions. It is also heritable.
    GO:0060982    coronary artery morphogenesis    The process in which the anatomical structures of coronary arteries are generated and organized. Coronary arteries are blood vessels that transport blood to the heart muscle.
    GO:0061550    cranial ganglion development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cranial ganglion over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
    GO:1904888    cranial skeletal system development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cranial skeletal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cranial skeletal system is the skeletal subdivision of the head, and includes the skull (cranium plus mandible), pharyngeal and/or hyoid apparatus.
    GO:1990791    dorsal root ganglion development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a dorsal root ganglion over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
    GO:0009950    dorsal/ventral axis specification    The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the dorsal/ventral axis. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism.
    GO:0009953    dorsal/ventral pattern formation    The regionalization process in which the areas along the dorsal/ventral axis are established that will lead to differences in cell differentiation. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism.
    GO:0007398    ectoderm development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ectoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In animal embryos, the ectoderm is the outer germ layer of the embryo, formed during gastrulation.
    GO:0000578    embryonic axis specification    The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of a pattern along a line or a point in an embryo.
    GO:1990403    embryonic brain development    The process occurring during the embryonic phase whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
    GO:0042733    embryonic digit morphogenesis    The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the digit are generated and organized. A digit is one of the terminal divisions of an appendage, such as a finger or toe.
    GO:0048617    embryonic foregut morphogenesis    The process in which the anatomical structures of the foregut are generated and organized, during the embryonic phase.
    GO:0035115    embryonic forelimb morphogenesis    The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the forelimb are generated and organized. The forelimbs are the front limbs of an animal, e.g. the arms of a human.
    GO:0035050    embryonic heart tube development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryonic heart tube over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The heart tube forms as the heart rudiment from the heart field.
    GO:0035116    embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis    The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the hindlimbs are generated and organized. The hindlimbs are the posterior limbs of an animal.
    GO:0036023    embryonic skeletal limb joint morphogenesis    The process, occurring in the embryo, in which the anatomical structures of a skeletal limb joint are generated and organized. A skeletal limb joint is the connecting structure between the bones of a limb.
    GO:0001706    endoderm formation    The formation of the endoderm during gastrulation.
    GO:0001711    endodermal cell fate commitment    The cell differentiation process that results in commitment of a cell to become part of the endoderm.
    GO:0061154    endothelial tube morphogenesis    The process in which the anatomical structures of a tube are generated and organized from an endothelium. Endothelium refers to the layer of cells lining blood vessels, lymphatics, the heart, and serous cavities, and is derived from bone marrow or mesoderm. Corneal endothelium is a special case, derived from neural crest cells.
    GO:0060983    epicardium-derived cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation    The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell derived from the epicardium acquires specialized features of a cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell. A cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell covers the heart vasculature and lacks transverse striations in its constituent fibers.
    GO:0060742    epithelial cell differentiation involved in prostate gland development    The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epithelial cell of the prostate gland.
    GO:0060441    epithelial tube branching involved in lung morphogenesis    The process in which a highly ordered sequence of patterning events generates the branched epithelial tubes of the lung, consisting of reiterated combinations of bud outgrowth, elongation, and dichotomous subdivision of terminal units.
    GO:0030900    forebrain development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the forebrain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The forebrain is the anterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes especially the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus and especially in higher vertebrates is the main control center for sensory and associative information processing, visceral functions, and voluntary motor functions).
    GO:0061198    fungiform papilla formation    The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a spongiform papilla from unspecified parts. The fungiform papilla is a mushroom-shaped papilla of the tongue.
    GO:0001702    gastrulation with mouth forming second    A gastrulation process in which the initial invagination becomes the anus and the mouth forms second.
    GO:0035112    genitalia morphogenesis    The process in which the anatomical structures of genitalia are generated and organized. The genitalia are the organs of reproduction or generation, external and internal.
    GO:0007403    glial cell fate determination    The cell fate determination process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a glial cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed.
    GO:0022405    hair cycle process    A multicellular organismal process involved in the cyclical phases of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), quiescence (telogen), and shedding (exogen) in the life of a hair; one of the collection or mass of filaments growing from the skin of an animal, and forming a covering for a part of the head or for any part or the whole of the body.
    GO:0031069    hair follicle morphogenesis    The process in which the anatomical structures of the hair follicle are generated and organized.
    GO:0060789    hair follicle placode formation    The developmental process in which a hair placode forms. An hair follicle placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the hair follicle bud.
    GO:0007507    heart development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the heart over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood.
    GO:0030097    hemopoiesis    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the myeloid and lymphoid derived organ/tissue systems of the blood and other parts of the body over time, from formation to the mature structure. The site of hemopoiesis is variable during development, but occurs primarily in bone marrow or kidney in many adult vertebrates.
    GO:0030902    hindbrain development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hindbrain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The hindbrain is the posterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain, or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes the cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata and controls the autonomic functions and equilibrium).
    GO:0001701    in utero embryonic development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo in the uterus over time, from formation of the zygote in the oviduct, to birth. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.
    GO:0001822    kidney development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The kidney is an organ that filters the blood and/or excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine.
    GO:0021819    layer formation in cerebral cortex    The detachment of cells from radial glial fibers at the appropriate time when they cease to migrate and form distinct layer in the cerebral cortex.
    GO:0002089    lens morphogenesis in camera-type eye    The process in which the anatomical structures of the lens are generated and organized. The lens is a transparent structure in the eye through which light is focused onto the retina. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.
    GO:0060173    limb development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A limb is an appendage of an animal used for locomotion or grasping. Examples include legs, arms or some types of fin.
    GO:0001889    liver development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the liver over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The liver is an exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes.
    GO:0060479    lung cell differentiation    The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of a mature cell found in the lung. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate.
    GO:0030324    lung development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lung over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In all air-breathing vertebrates the lungs are developed from the ventral wall of the oesophagus as a pouch which divides into two sacs. In amphibians and many reptiles the lungs retain very nearly this primitive sac-like character, but in the higher forms the connection with the esophagus becomes elongated into the windpipe and the inner walls of the sacs become more and more divided, until, in the mammals, the air spaces become minutely divided into tubes ending in small air cells, in the walls of which the blood circulates in a fine network of capillaries. In mammals the lungs are more or less divided into lobes, and each lung occupies a separate cavity in the thorax.
    GO:0060492    lung induction    The close range interaction of two or more cells or tissues that causes the cells of the foregut to change their fates and specify the development of the lung.
    GO:0060484    lung-associated mesenchyme development    The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lung-associated mesenchyme from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of lung-associated mesenchyme and ends with the mature structure. Lung-associated mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the lung.
    GO:0030539    male genitalia development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the male genitalia over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
    GO:0060916    mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development    The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a mesenchymal cell population that contributes to the progression of the lung over time. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets.
    GO:0060485    mesenchyme development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesenchymal tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A mesenchymal tissue is made up of loosely packed stellate cells.
    GO:0072132    mesenchyme morphogenesis    The process in which the anatomical structures of a mesenchymal tissue are generated and organized. A mesenchymal tissue is made up of loosely packed stellate cells.
    GO:0003338    metanephros morphogenesis    The process in which the anatomical structures of the metanephros are generated and organized.
    GO:0030901    midbrain development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the midbrain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The midbrain is the middle division of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes a ventral part containing the cerebral peduncles and a dorsal tectum containing the corpora quadrigemina and that surrounds the aqueduct of Sylvius connecting the third and fourth ventricles).
    GO:1904948    midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation    The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a midbrain dopaminergic neuron.
    GO:0007494    midgut development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the midgut over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The midgut is the middle part of the alimentary canal from the stomach, or entrance of the bile duct, to, or including, the large intestine.
    GO:0016331    morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium    The process in which the anatomical structures of embryonic epithelia are generated and organized.
    GO:0045445    myoblast differentiation    The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myoblast. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into striated muscle fibers.
    GO:2001234    negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway.
    GO:0045596    negative regulation of cell differentiation    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation.
    GO:0008285    negative regulation of cell proliferation    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
    GO:0032331    negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chondrocyte differentiation.
    GO:0010629    negative regulation of gene expression    Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
    GO:0003340    negative regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis    Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity,forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the metanephros.
    GO:0045976    negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle, embryonic    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of progression through the embryonic mitotic cell cycle.
    GO:1901215    negative regulation of neuron death    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron death.
    GO:0048715    negative regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte differentiation.
    GO:0045671    negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast differentiation.
    GO:0033234    negative regulation of protein sumoylation    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of SUMO groups to a protein.
    GO:0000122    negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
    GO:0045892    negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
    GO:0072079    nephron tubule formation    The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a nephron tubule from unspecified parts. A nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the nephron, the functional part of the kidney.
    GO:0007399    nervous system development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state.
    GO:0001840    neural plate development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the neural plate over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The neural plate is a flat, thickened layer of ectodermal cells. The underlying dorsal mesoderm signals the ectodermal cells above it to elongate into columnar neural plate cells. The neural plate subsequently develops into the neural tube, which gives rise to the central nervous system.
    GO:0030182    neuron differentiation    The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron.
    GO:0001764    neuron migration    The characteristic movement of an immature neuron from germinal zones to specific positions where they will reside as they mature.
    GO:0042475    odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a dentin-containing tooth over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A dentin-containing tooth is a hard, bony organ borne on the jaw or other bone of a vertebrate, and is composed mainly of dentin, a dense calcified substance, covered by a layer of enamel.
    GO:0048599    oocyte development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an oocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.
    GO:0030316    osteoclast differentiation    The process in which a relatively unspecialized monocyte acquires the specialized features of an osteoclast. An osteoclast is a specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue.
    GO:0060066    oviduct development    The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of an oviduct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An oviduct is a tube through which an ova passes from the ovary to the uterus, or from the ovary to the outside of the organism.
    GO:0031016    pancreas development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pancreas over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pancreas is an endoderm derived structure that produces precursors of digestive enzymes and blood glucose regulating enzymes.
    GO:2000144    positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription, initiation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-templated transcription initiation.
    GO:0043123    positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling.
    GO:0043410    positive regulation of MAPK cascade    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the MAPK cascade.
    GO:0043065    positive regulation of apoptotic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
    GO:0061047    positive regulation of branching involved in lung morphogenesis    Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the process in which a highly ordered sequence of patterning events generates the branched structures of the lung, consisting of reiterated combinations of bud outgrowth, elongation, and dichotomous subdivision of terminal units.
    GO:0008284    positive regulation of cell proliferation    Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
    GO:1904501    positive regulation of chromatin-mediated maintenance of transcription    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chromatin-mediated maintenance of transcription.
    GO:2000017    positive regulation of determination of dorsal identity    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of determination of dorsal identity.
    GO:0045603    positive regulation of endothelial cell differentiation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell differentiation.
    GO:0030858    positive regulation of epithelial cell differentiation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell differentiation.
    GO:0060769    positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development    Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of epithelial cell proliferation that contributes to the progression of the prostate gland over time.
    GO:0010718    positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition    Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition is where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell.
    GO:0045743    positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity.
    GO:0010628    positive regulation of gene expression    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
    GO:0010909    positive regulation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process    Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthesis. Heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the heparan sulfate proteoglycan, a glycosaminoglycan with repeat unit consisting of alternating alpha-(1->4)-linked hexuronic acid and glucosamine residues.
    GO:0002053    positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation    The process of activating or increasing the rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation. Mesenchymal cells are loosely organized embryonic cells.
    GO:0002052    positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation    Any process that activates or increases the rate of neuroblast proliferation.
    GO:0043525    positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death of neurons by apoptotic process.
    GO:0045669    positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of osteoblast differentiation.
    GO:0051091    positive regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription.
    GO:0048643    positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development    Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of skeletal muscle tissue development.
    GO:0051973    positive regulation of telomerase activity    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of telomerase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1).
    GO:0032212    positive regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of telomeric repeats by telomerase.
    GO:0045944    positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
    GO:0045893    positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
    GO:0051291    protein heterooligomerization    The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of component monomers that are not all identical. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer.
    GO:0034394    protein localization to cell surface    A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.
    GO:0009954    proximal/distal pattern formation    The regionalization process in which specific areas of cell differentiation are determined along a proximal/distal axis. The proximal/distal axis is defined by a line that runs from main body (proximal end) of an organism outward (distal end).
    GO:0042129    regulation of T cell proliferation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell proliferation.
    GO:0042981    regulation of apoptotic process    Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process.
    GO:0090279    regulation of calcium ion import    Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into a cell or organelle.
    GO:0045595    regulation of cell differentiation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation, the process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and functional features.
    GO:0042127    regulation of cell proliferation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation.
    GO:0030997    regulation of centriole-centriole cohesion    Any process that modulates the extent to which the two centrioles within a centrosome remain tightly paired; may be mediated by the assembly and disassembly of a proteinaceous linker.
    GO:0070602    regulation of centromeric sister chromatid cohesion    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sister chromatid cohesion in the centromeric region of a chromosome.
    GO:1904499    regulation of chromatin-mediated maintenance of transcription    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chromatin-mediated maintenance of transcription.
    GO:1904796    regulation of core promoter binding    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of core promoter binding.
    GO:0030856    regulation of epithelial cell differentiation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell differentiation.
    GO:1904793    regulation of euchromatin binding    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of euchromatin binding.
    GO:0010468    regulation of gene expression    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
    GO:0051569    regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent addition of a methyl group to the lysine at position 4 of histone H3.
    GO:1904173    regulation of histone demethylase activity (H3-K4 specific)    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of histone demethylase activity (H3-K4 specific).
    GO:0031641    regulation of myelination    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a myelin sheath around nerve axons.
    GO:0072182    regulation of nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation.
    GO:0045667    regulation of osteoblast differentiation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of osteoblast differentiation.
    GO:0045670    regulation of osteoclast differentiation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast differentiation.
    GO:2000008    regulation of protein localization to cell surface    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to the cell surface.
    GO:0003266    regulation of secondary heart field cardioblast proliferation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast proliferation in the second heart field. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating. The secondary heart field is the region of the heart that will form the majority of the mesodermal component of the right ventricle, the arterial pole (outflow tract) and the venous pole (inflow tract).
    GO:0048660    regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation.
    GO:0006357    regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
    GO:0006355    regulation of transcription, DNA-templated    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
    GO:0072053    renal inner medulla development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the renal inner medulla over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The renal inner medulla is unique to mammalian kidneys and is the innermost region of the mammalian kidney.
    GO:0072054    renal outer medulla development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the renal outer medulla over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The renal outer medulla is the region of the kidney that lies between the renal cortex and the renal inner medulla.
    GO:0072001    renal system development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the renal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The renal system maintains fluid balance and contributes to electrolyte balance, acid/base balance, and disposal of nitrogenous waste products. In humans, the renal system comprises a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, urinary bladder, urethra, sphincter muscle and associated blood vessels.
    GO:0072033    renal vesicle formation    The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the renal vesicle from condensed mesenchymal cells. The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells.
    GO:0014823    response to activity    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an activity stimulus.
    GO:0046686    response to cadmium ion    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cadmium (Cd) ion stimulus.
    GO:0034097    response to cytokine    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cytokine stimulus.
    GO:0042493    response to drug    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease.
    GO:0032355    response to estradiol    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by estradiol, a C18 steroid hormone hydroxylated at C3 and C17 that acts as a potent estrogen.
    GO:0043627    response to estrogen    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by an estrogen, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics.
    GO:0009725    response to hormone    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hormone stimulus.
    GO:0014070    response to organic cyclic compound    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus.
    GO:0016337    single organismal cell-cell adhesion    The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules, where both cells are part of the same organism.
    GO:0001501    skeletal system development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skeleton over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skeleton is the bony framework of the body in vertebrates (endoskeleton) or the hard outer envelope of insects (exoskeleton or dermoskeleton).
    GO:0043588    skin development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skin over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skin is the external membranous integument of an animal. In vertebrates the skin generally consists of two layers, an outer nonsensitive and nonvascular epidermis (cuticle or skarfskin) composed of cells which are constantly growing and multiplying in the deeper, and being thrown off in the superficial layers, as well as an inner vascular dermis (cutis, corium or true skin) composed mostly of connective tissue.
    GO:0051145    smooth muscle cell differentiation    The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a smooth muscle cell; smooth muscle lacks transverse striations in its constituent fibers and are almost always involuntary.
    GO:0019827    stem cell population maintenance    The process by which an organism or tissue maintains a population of stem cells of a single type. This can be achieved by a number of mechanisms: stem cell asymmetric division maintains stem cell numbers; stem cell symmetric division increases them; maintenance of a stem cell niche maintains the conditions for commitment to the stem cell fate for some types of stem cell; stem cells may arise de novo from other cell types.
    GO:0061549    sympathetic ganglion development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a sympathetic ganglion over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
    GO:0050808    synapse organization    A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a synapse, the junction between a neuron and a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell).
    GO:0048489    synaptic vesicle transport    The directed movement of synaptic vesicles.
    GO:0048538    thymus development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the thymus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The thymus is a symmetric bi-lobed organ involved primarily in the differentiation of immature to mature T cells, with unique vascular, nervous, epithelial, and lymphoid cell components.
    GO:0060440    trachea formation    The process pertaining to the initial formation of a trachea from unspecified parts. The process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the trachea is recognizable. The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches.
    GO:0060439    trachea morphogenesis    The process in which a trachea is generated and organized. The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches.
    GO:0006351    transcription, DNA-templated    The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA.
    GO:0001944    vasculature development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the vasculature over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The vasculature is an interconnected tubular multi-tissue structure that contains fluid that is actively transported around the organism.
    GO:0001570    vasculogenesis    The differentiation of endothelial cells from progenitor cells during blood vessel development, and the de novo formation of blood vessels and tubes.
    GO:0003223    ventricular compact myocardium morphogenesis    The process in which the anatomical structures of the compact cardiac ventricle muscle are generated and organized.
cellular component
    GO:0034750    Scrib-APC-beta-catenin complex    A protein complex that contains the Scribble protein (a cell polarity determinant), the tumor suppressor protein adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), and beta-catenin; may be involved in the control of cell proliferation.
    GO:1990909    Wnt signalosome    A multiprotein protein complex containing membrane-localized Wnt receptors and cytosolic protein complexes, which is capable of transmitting the Wnt signal. Contains at least a Wnt protein, LRP5 or LRP6, a member of the Frizzled (Fz) family, Axin and and a Dishevelled (DVL) protein.
    GO:0030018    Z disc    Platelike region of a muscle sarcomere to which the plus ends of actin filaments are attached.
    GO:0005912    adherens junction    A cell junction at which anchoring proteins (cadherins or integrins) extend through the plasma membrane and are attached to actin filaments.
    GO:0043296    apical junction complex    A functional unit located near the cell apex at the points of contact between epithelial cells, which in vertebrates is composed of the tight junction, the zonula adherens, and desmosomes and in some invertebrates, such as Drosophila, is composed of the subapical complex (SAC), the zonula adherens and the septate junction. Functions in the regulation of cell polarity, tissue integrity and intercellular adhesion and permeability.
    GO:0045177    apical part of cell    The region of a polarized cell that forms a tip or is distal to a base. For example, in a polarized epithelial cell, the apical region has an exposed surface and lies opposite to the basal lamina that separates the epithelium from other tissue.
    GO:0016323    basolateral plasma membrane    The region of the plasma membrane that includes the basal end and sides of the cell. Often used in reference to animal polarized epithelial membranes, where the basal membrane is the part attached to the extracellular matrix, or in plant cells, where the basal membrane is defined with respect to the zygotic axis.
    GO:0030877    beta-catenin destruction complex    A cytoplasmic protein complex containing glycogen synthase kinase-3-beta (GSK-3-beta), the adenomatous polyposis coli protein (APC), and the scaffolding protein axin, among others; phosphorylates beta-catenin, targets it for degradation by the proteasome.
    GO:1990907    beta-catenin-TCF complex    A protein complex that contains beta-catenin and a member of the T-cell factor (TCF)/lymphoid enhancer binding factor (LEF) family of transcription factors.
    GO:0070369    beta-catenin-TCF7L2 complex    A protein complex that contains beta-catenin and TCF7L2 (TCF4), binds to the TCF DNA motif within a promoter element, and is involved in the regulation of WNT target gene transcription.
    GO:0005923    bicellular tight junction    An occluding cell-cell junction that is composed of a branching network of sealing strands that completely encircles the apical end of each cell in an epithelial sheet; the outer leaflets of the two interacting plasma membranes are seen to be tightly apposed where sealing strands are present. Each sealing strand is composed of a long row of transmembrane adhesion proteins embedded in each of the two interacting plasma membranes.
    GO:0016342    catenin complex    Complex of peripheral cytoplasmic proteins (alpha-, beta- and gamma-catenin) that interact with the cytoplasmic region of uvomorulin/E-cadherin to connect it to the actin cytoskeleton.
    GO:0071664    catenin-TCF7L2 complex    A protein complex that contains a catenin and TCF7L2 (TCF4), binds to the TCF DNA motif within a promoter element, and is involved in the regulation of WNT target gene transcription.
    GO:0005938    cell cortex    The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins.
    GO:0030054    cell junction    A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. At a cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix.
    GO:0071944    cell periphery    The part of a cell encompassing the cell cortex, the plasma membrane, and any external encapsulating structures.
    GO:0031253    cell projection membrane    The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a plasma membrane bounded cell surface projection.
    GO:0005913    cell-cell adherens junction    An adherens junction which connects a cell to another cell.
    GO:0005911    cell-cell junction    A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells in a multicellular organism; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals.
    GO:0005813    centrosome    A structure comprised of a core structure (in most organisms, a pair of centrioles) and peripheral material from which a microtubule-based structure, such as a spindle apparatus, is organized. Centrosomes occur close to the nucleus during interphase in many eukaryotic cells, though in animal cells it changes continually during the cell-division cycle.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0005856    cytoskeleton    Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles.
    GO:0005829    cytosol    The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
    GO:0043198    dendritic shaft    Cylindric portion of the dendrite, directly stemming from the perikaryon, and carrying the dendritic spines.
    GO:0070062    extracellular exosome    A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
    GO:0005916    fascia adherens    A cell-cell adherens junction that contains the transmembrane protein N-cadherin, which interacts with identical molecules from neighboring cells to form a tight mechanical intercellular link; forms a large portion of the intercalated disc, the structure at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes.
    GO:0016600    flotillin complex    A protein complex that contains flotillin-1 and flotillin-2, and may contain associated proteins. Flotillins associate into membrane microdomains resembling caveolae.
    GO:0005925    focal adhesion    Small region on the surface of a cell that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments.
    GO:0014704    intercalated disc    A complex cell-cell junction at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes; mediates mechanical and electrochemical integration between individual cardiomyocytes. The intercalated disc contains regions of tight mechanical attachment (fasciae adherentes and desmosomes) and electrical coupling (gap junctions) between adjacent cells.
    GO:0030027    lamellipodium    A thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of a migrating cell or extending cell process; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments.
    GO:0016328    lateral plasma membrane    The portion of the plasma membrane at the lateral side of the cell. In epithelial cells, lateral plasma membranes are on the sides of cells which lie at the interface of adjacent cells.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0005815    microtubule organizing center    An intracellular structure that can catalyze gamma-tubulin-dependent microtubule nucleation and that can anchor microtubules by interacting with their minus ends, plus ends or sides.
    GO:0031528    microvillus membrane    The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a microvillus.
    GO:0043005    neuron projection    A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.
    GO:0005719    nuclear euchromatin    The dispersed less dense form of chromatin in the interphase nucleus. It exists in at least two forms, a some being in the form of transcriptionally active chromatin which is the least condensed, while the rest is inactive euchromatin which is more condensed than active chromatin but less condensed than heterochromatin.
    GO:0044798    nuclear transcription factor complex    A protein complex, located in the nucleus, that is capable of associating with DNA by direct binding, or via other DNA-binding proteins or complexes, and regulating transcription.
    GO:0005634    nucleus    A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
    GO:0048471    perinuclear region of cytoplasm    Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
    GO:0043234    protein complex    A stable macromolecular complex composed (only) of two or more polypeptide subunits along with any covalently attached molecules (such as lipid anchors or oligosaccharide) or non-protein prosthetic groups (such as nucleotides or metal ions). Prosthetic group in this context refers to a tightly bound cofactor. The component polypeptide subunits may be identical.
    GO:0032993    protein-DNA complex    A macromolecular complex containing both protein and DNA molecules.
    GO:0000922    spindle pole    Either of the ends of a spindle, where spindle microtubules are organized; usually contains a microtubule organizing center and accessory molecules, spindle microtubules and astral microtubules.
    GO:0045202    synapse    The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron, muscle fiber or glial cell. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.
    GO:0005667    transcription factor complex    A protein complex that is capable of associating with DNA by direct binding, or via other DNA-binding proteins or complexes, and regulating transcription.

Chain B   (LEF1_MOUSE | P27782)
molecular function
    GO:0070742    C2H2 zinc finger domain binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a C2H2-type zinc finger domain of a protein. The C2H2 zinc finger is the classical zinc finger domain, in which two conserved cysteines and histidines co-ordinate a zinc ion.
    GO:0003677    DNA binding    Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively and non-covalently with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
    GO:0008301    DNA binding, bending    The activity of binding selectively and non-covalently to and distorting the original structure of DNA, typically a straight helix, into a bend, or increasing the bend if the original structure was intrinsically bent due to its sequence.
    GO:0000978    RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is in cis with and relatively close to a core promoter for RNA polymerase II.
    GO:0000977    RNA polymerase II regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific sequence of DNA that is part of a regulatory region that controls the transcription of a gene or cistron by RNA polymerase II.
    GO:0070016    armadillo repeat domain binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the armadillo repeat domain of a protein, an approximately 40 amino acid long tandemly repeated sequence motif first identified in the Drosophila segment polarity protein armadillo. Arm-repeat proteins are involved in various processes, including intracellular signalling and cytoskeletal regulation.
    GO:0008013    beta-catenin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the beta subunit of the catenin complex.
    GO:0003682    chromatin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chromatin, the network of fibers of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that make up the chromosomes of the eukaryotic nucleus during interphase.
    GO:0043027    cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity involved in apoptotic process    Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a cysteine-type endopeptidase involved in the apoptotic process.
    GO:0035326    enhancer binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an enhancer, a transcription regulatory region that is somewhat distal from the core promoter and which enhances transcription from that promoter.
    GO:0030284    estrogen receptor activity    Combining with estrogen and transmitting the signal within the cell to trigger a change in cell activity or function.
    GO:0030331    estrogen receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an estrogen receptor.
    GO:0045295    gamma-catenin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the gamma subunit of the catenin complex.
    GO:0042393    histone binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a histone, any of a group of water-soluble proteins found in association with the DNA of eukaroytic chromosomes. They are involved in the condensation and coiling of chromosomes during cell division and have also been implicated in nonspecific suppression of gene activity.
    GO:0042826    histone deacetylase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the enzyme histone deacetylase.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0043565    sequence-specific DNA binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding.
    GO:0003705    transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is in a distal enhancer region for RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) in order to modulate transcription by RNAP II.
    GO:0003700    transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex.
    GO:0008134    transcription factor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription.
    GO:0044212    transcription regulatory region DNA binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a DNA region that regulates the transcription of a region of DNA, which may be a gene, cistron, or operon. Binding may occur as a sequence specific interaction or as an interaction observed only once a factor has been recruited to the DNA by other factors.
    GO:0001077    transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is in cis with and relatively close to a core promoter for RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) in order to activate or increase the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from the RNAP II promoter.
    GO:0001228    transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is in the transcription regulatory region for RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) in order to activate or increase the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from the RNAP II promoter.
biological process
    GO:0042100    B cell proliferation    The expansion of a B cell population by cell division. Follows B cell activation.
    GO:0030509    BMP signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a member of the BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) family to a receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
    GO:0033153    T cell receptor V(D)J recombination    The process in which T cell receptor V, D, and J, or V and J gene segments, depending on the specific locus, are recombined within a single locus utilizing the conserved heptamer and nonomer recombination signal sequences (RSS).
    GO:0045063    T-helper 1 cell differentiation    The process in which a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires the specialized features of a T-helper 1 (Th1) cell. A Th1 cell is a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype T-bet-positive and produces interferon-gamma.
    GO:0016055    Wnt signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state.
    GO:0046632    alpha-beta T cell differentiation    The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of an alpha-beta T cell. An alpha-beta T cell is a T cell that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex.
    GO:0060033    anatomical structure regression    The developmental process in which an anatomical stucture is destroyed as a part of its normal progression.
    GO:0031100    animal organ regeneration    The regrowth of a lost or destroyed animal organ.
    GO:1902262    apoptotic process involved in blood vessel morphogenesis    Any apoptotic process that is involved in blood vessel morphogenesis.
    GO:0060561    apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis    Any apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of an anatomical structure.
    GO:0001569    branching involved in blood vessel morphogenesis    The process of coordinated growth and sprouting of blood vessels giving rise to the organized vascular system.
    GO:0060070    canonical Wnt signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes. In this pathway, the activated receptor signals via downstream effectors that result in the inhibition of beta-catenin phosphorylation, thereby preventing degradation of beta-catenin. Stabilized beta-catenin can then accumulate and travel to the nucleus to trigger changes in transcription of target genes.
    GO:0007155    cell adhesion    The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules.
    GO:0060326    cell chemotaxis    The directed movement of a motile cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis).
    GO:0048468    cell development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate.
    GO:0071345    cellular response to cytokine stimulus    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cytokine stimulus.
    GO:0071353    cellular response to interleukin-4    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-4 stimulus.
    GO:0060710    chorio-allantoic fusion    The cell-cell adhesion process in which the cells of the chorion fuse to the cells of the allantois.
    GO:0021542    dentate gyrus development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dentate gyrus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The dentate gyrus is one of two interlocking gyri of the hippocampus. It contains granule cells, which project to the pyramidal cells and interneurons of the CA3 region of the ammon gyrus.
    GO:0030326    embryonic limb morphogenesis    The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the limb are generated and organized. A limb is an appendage of an animal used for locomotion or grasping.
    GO:0001837    epithelial to mesenchymal transition    A transition where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell.
    GO:0048069    eye pigmentation    Establishment of a pattern of pigment in the eye of an organism.
    GO:0060325    face morphogenesis    The process in which the anatomical structures of the face are generated and organized. The face is the ventral division of the head.
    GO:0021873    forebrain neuroblast division    The division of a neuroblast located in the forebrain. Neuroblast division gives rise to at least another neuroblast.
    GO:0021879    forebrain neuron differentiation    The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron that will reside in the forebrain.
    GO:0021861    forebrain radial glial cell differentiation    The process in which neuroepithelial cells of the neural tube give rise to radial glial cells, specialized bipotential progenitors cells of the forebrain. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate.
    GO:0021943    formation of radial glial scaffolds    The formation of scaffolds from a radial glial cell. The scaffolds are used as a substrate for the radial migration of cells.
    GO:0021766    hippocampus development    The progression of the hippocampus over time from its initial formation until its mature state.
    GO:0043966    histone H3 acetylation    The modification of histone H3 by the addition of an acetyl group.
    GO:0043967    histone H4 acetylation    The modification of histone H4 by the addition of an acetyl group.
    GO:0021854    hypothalamus development    The progression of the hypothalamus region of the forebrain, from its initial formation to its mature state.
    GO:0001822    kidney development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The kidney is an organ that filters the blood and/or excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine.
    GO:0030879    mammary gland development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mammary gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk. Its development starts with the formation of the mammary line and ends as the mature gland cycles between nursing and weaning stages.
    GO:0048747    muscle fiber development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the muscle fiber over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In skeletal muscle, fibers are formed by the maturation of myotubes. They can be classed as slow, intermediate/fast or fast.
    GO:0043392    negative regulation of DNA binding    Any process that stops or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA binding. DNA binding is any process in which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
    GO:0043066    negative regulation of apoptotic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
    GO:0071866    negative regulation of apoptotic process in bone marrow    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process in the bone marrow.
    GO:0090090    negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway    Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.
    GO:0022408    negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell adhesion to another cell.
    GO:0043154    negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in the apoptotic process.
    GO:0071899    negative regulation of estrogen receptor binding    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of estrogen receptor binding, interacting selectively with an estrogen receptor.
    GO:0032696    negative regulation of interleukin-13 production    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-13 production.
    GO:0032713    negative regulation of interleukin-4 production    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-4 production.
    GO:0032714    negative regulation of interleukin-5 production    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-5 production.
    GO:0045843    negative regulation of striated muscle tissue development    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle development.
    GO:0000122    negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
    GO:0045892    negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
    GO:0001755    neural crest cell migration    The characteristic movement of cells from the dorsal ridge of the neural tube to a variety of locations in a vertebrate embryo.
    GO:0030223    neutrophil differentiation    The process in which a myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a neutrophil.
    GO:0071895    odontoblast differentiation    The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell of neural crest origin acquires the specialized features of an odontoblast, a cell on the outer surface of the dental pulp whose biological function is the creation of dentin.
    GO:0042475    odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a dentin-containing tooth over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A dentin-containing tooth is a hard, bony organ borne on the jaw or other bone of a vertebrate, and is composed mainly of dentin, a dense calcified substance, covered by a layer of enamel.
    GO:0001649    osteoblast differentiation    The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an osteoblast, a mesodermal or neural crest cell that gives rise to bone.
    GO:0060021    palate development    The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of the palate from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure. The palate is the partition that separates the nasal and oral cavities.
    GO:0048341    paraxial mesoderm formation    The process that gives rise to the paraxial mesoderm. This process pertains to the initial formation of the structure from unspecified parts.
    GO:0043923    positive regulation by host of viral transcription    Any process in which a host organism activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of viral transcription, the synthesis of either RNA on a template of DNA or DNA on a template of RNA.
    GO:0090068    positive regulation of cell cycle process    Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of a cellular process that is involved in the progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events.
    GO:0030307    positive regulation of cell growth    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth.
    GO:0030335    positive regulation of cell migration    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.
    GO:0008284    positive regulation of cell proliferation    Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
    GO:0071864    positive regulation of cell proliferation in bone marrow    A process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation in the bone marrow.
    GO:0022409    positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion    Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell adhesion to another cell.
    GO:0010718    positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition    Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition is where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell.
    GO:0010628    positive regulation of gene expression    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
    GO:0030854    positive regulation of granulocyte differentiation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of granulocyte differentiation.
    GO:0045944    positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
    GO:0045893    positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
    GO:0030111    regulation of Wnt signaling pathway    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the Wnt signal transduction pathway.
    GO:0022407    regulation of cell-cell adhesion    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a cell to another cell.
    GO:0006357    regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
    GO:0006355    regulation of transcription, DNA-templated    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
    GO:0010226    response to lithium ion    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lithium (Li+) ion stimulus.
    GO:0014070    response to organic cyclic compound    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus.
    GO:0050909    sensory perception of taste    The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process.
    GO:0043588    skin development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skin over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skin is the external membranous integument of an animal. In vertebrates the skin generally consists of two layers, an outer nonsensitive and nonvascular epidermis (cuticle or skarfskin) composed of cells which are constantly growing and multiplying in the deeper, and being thrown off in the superficial layers, as well as an inner vascular dermis (cutis, corium or true skin) composed mostly of connective tissue.
    GO:0001756    somitogenesis    The formation of mesodermal clusters that are arranged segmentally along the anterior posterior axis of an embryo.
    GO:0002040    sprouting angiogenesis    The extension of new blood vessels from existing capillaries into avascular tissues resulting from the proliferation of blood vessel endothelial cells.
    GO:0043401    steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor.
    GO:0043586    tongue development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the tongue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The tongue is the movable, muscular organ on the floor of the mouth of most vertebrates, in many other mammals is the principal organ of taste, aids in the prehension of food, in swallowing, and in modifying the voice as in speech.
    GO:0061153    trachea gland development    The progression of a trachea gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Trachea glands are found under the mucus of the trachea and secrete mucus, and agents that help protect the lung from injury and infection.
    GO:0006366    transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter    The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template by RNA polymerase II, originating at an RNA polymerase II promoter. Includes transcription of messenger RNA (mRNA) and certain small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs).
    GO:0006351    transcription, DNA-templated    The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA.
    GO:0001944    vasculature development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the vasculature over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The vasculature is an interconnected tubular multi-tissue structure that contains fluid that is actively transported around the organism.
cellular component
    GO:1990907    beta-catenin-TCF complex    A protein complex that contains beta-catenin and a member of the T-cell factor (TCF)/lymphoid enhancer binding factor (LEF) family of transcription factors.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0005634    nucleus    A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
    GO:0032993    protein-DNA complex    A macromolecular complex containing both protein and DNA molecules.
    GO:0005667    transcription factor complex    A protein complex that is capable of associating with DNA by direct binding, or via other DNA-binding proteins or complexes, and regulating transcription.

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 Related Entries

(-) Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

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        CTNB1_MOUSE | Q022481dow 1i7w 1i7x 1jpp 1m1e 1v18 2bct 3bct 3oux 4ev8 4ev9 4eva 4evp 4evt 4ons
        LEF1_MOUSE | P277822lef 3oux

(-) Related Entries Specified in the PDB File

3oux