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(-) Description

Title :  CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE GLUR6 AMINO TERMINAL DOMAIN DIMER ASSEMBLY MPD FORM
 
Authors :  J. Kumar, M. L. Mayer
Date :  23 Apr 09  (Deposition) - 26 May 09  (Release) - 13 Jul 11  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  2.90
Chains :  Asym./Biol. Unit :  A,B
Keywords :  Membrane Protein Glycoprotein, Cell Junction, Cell Membrane, Glycoprotein, Ion Transport, Ionic Channel, Isopeptide Bond, Membrane, Postsynaptic Cell Membrane, Receptor, Rna Editing, Synapse, Transmembrane, Transport, Membrane Protein (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  J. Kumar, P. Schuck, R. Jin, M. L. Mayer
The N-Terminal Domain Of Glur6-Subtype Glutamate Receptor Ion Channels.
Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. V. 16 631 2009
PubMed-ID: 19465914  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1038/NSMB.1613

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR, IONOTROPIC KAINATE 2
    ChainsA, B
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemHOMO SAPIENS
    Expression System PlasmidPRK8
    Expression System StrainHEK-293
    Expression System Taxid9606
    Expression System Vector TypePLASMID
    FragmentUNP RESIDUES 32-420
    GeneGLUR6, GRIK2
    Organism CommonRAT
    Organism ScientificRATTUS NORVEGICUS
    Organism Taxid10116
    SynonymGLUTAMATE RECEPTOR 6, GLUR-6, GLUR6

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  12
Asymmetric/Biological Unit AB

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (2, 10)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (2, 10)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1CA2Ligand/IonCALCIUM ION
2NAG8Ligand/IonN-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE

(-) Sites  (10, 10)

Asymmetric Unit (10, 10)
No.NameEvidenceResiduesDescription
01AC1SOFTWAREGLU A:15 , ASN A:36 , LEU A:39 , TRP A:337BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAG A 396
02AC2SOFTWAREGLY A:242 , VAL A:243 , ASN A:244 , SER A:362 , LYS A:364BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAG A 397
03AC3SOFTWAREASN A:347 , ASN A:350 , THR A:354BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAG A 398
04AC4SOFTWARESER A:378 , ASN A:381 , THR A:383BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAG A 399
05AC5SOFTWAREASN B:36 , LEU B:39 , TRP B:337BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAG B 396
06AC6SOFTWAREGLY B:242 , VAL B:243 , ASN B:244 , SER B:362 , LYS B:364BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAG B 397
07AC7SOFTWAREASN B:347 , ASN B:350 , THR B:354BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAG B 398
08AC8SOFTWAREASN B:381 , THR B:383BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NAG B 399
09AC9SOFTWAREILE B:33 , ASN B:34 , ASN B:36 , LEU B:39 , LEU B:40 , THR B:43BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE CA B 400
10BC1SOFTWAREILE A:33 , ASN A:34 , ASN A:36 , LEU A:39 , LEU A:40 , THR A:43BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE CA A 400

(-) SS Bonds  (2, 2)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
No.Residues
1A:65 -A:316
2B:65 -B:316

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (1, 1)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
No.Residues
1Glu A:15 -Ser A:16

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (0, 0)

(no "SAP(SNP)/Variant" information available for 3H6H)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (0, 0)

(no "PROSITE Motif" information available for 3H6H)

(-) Exons   (0, 0)

(no "Exon" information available for 3H6H)

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:383
 aligned with GRIK2_RAT | P42260 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:908

    Alignment length:383
                                    42        52        62        72        82        92       102       112       122       132       142       152       162       172       182       192       202       212       222       232       242       252       262       272       282       292       302       312       322       332       342       352       362       372       382       392       402       412   
            GRIK2_RAT    33 THVLRFGGIFEYVESGPMGAEELAFRFAVNTINRNRTLLPNTTLTYDTQKINLYDSFEASKKACDQLSLGVAAIFGPSHSSSANAVQSICNALGVPHIQTRWKHQVSDNKDSFYVSLYPDFSSLSRAILDLVQFFKWKTVTVVYDDSTGLIRLQELIKAPSRYNLRLKIRQLPADTKDAKPLLKEMKRGKEFHVIFDCSHEMAAGILKQALAMGMMTEYYHYIFTTLDLFALDVEPYRYSGVNMTGFRILNTENTQVSSIIEKWSMERLQAPPKPDSGLLDGFMTTDAALMYDAVHVVSVAVQQFPQMTVSSLQCNRHKPWRFGTRFMSLIKEAHWEGLTGRITFNKTNGLRTDFDLDVISLKEEGLEKIGTWDPASGLNMTE 415
               SCOP domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .eeeeeeeeee.......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh......eeeeeeeeee...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...ee...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....ee...............ee......hhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeeee...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeeee...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeee.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.......eeee...hhhhh..........eeeeee.....hhhhhhhhhhhhh..................hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...................hhhhhhhhhhh..eee..eee.............eeeeeee..eeeeeeeee...eeee.. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 3h6h A   2 THVLRFGGIFEYVESGPMGAEELAFRFAVNTINRNRTLLPNTTLTYDTQKINLYDSFEASKKACDQLSLGVAAIFGPSHSSSANAVQSICNALGVPHIQTRWKHQVSDNKDSFYVSLYPDFSSLSRAILDLVQFFKWKTVTVVYDDSTGLIRLQELIKAPSRYNLRLKIRQLPADTKDAKPLLKEMKRGKEFHVIFDCSHEMAAGILKQALAMGMMTEYYHYIFTTLDLFALDVEPYRYSGVNMTGFRILNTENTQVSSIIEKWSMERLQAPPKPDSGLLDGFMTTDAALMYDAVHVVSVAVQQFPQMTVSSLQCNRHKPWRFGTRFMSLIKEAHWEGLTGRITFNKTNGLRTDFDLDVISLKEEGLEKIGTWDPASGLNMTE 384
                                    11        21        31        41        51        61        71        81        91       101       111       121       131       141       151       161       171       181       191       201       211       221       231       241       251       261       271       281       291       301       311       321       331       341       351       361       371       381   

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:379
 aligned with GRIK2_RAT | P42260 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:908

    Alignment length:384
                                    41        51        61        71        81        91       101       111       121       131       141       151       161       171       181       191       201       211       221       231       241       251       261       271       281       291       301       311       321       331       341       351       361       371       381       391       401       411    
            GRIK2_RAT    32 TTHVLRFGGIFEYVESGPMGAEELAFRFAVNTINRNRTLLPNTTLTYDTQKINLYDSFEASKKACDQLSLGVAAIFGPSHSSSANAVQSICNALGVPHIQTRWKHQVSDNKDSFYVSLYPDFSSLSRAILDLVQFFKWKTVTVVYDDSTGLIRLQELIKAPSRYNLRLKIRQLPADTKDAKPLLKEMKRGKEFHVIFDCSHEMAAGILKQALAMGMMTEYYHYIFTTLDLFALDVEPYRYSGVNMTGFRILNTENTQVSSIIEKWSMERLQAPPKPDSGLLDGFMTTDAALMYDAVHVVSVAVQQFPQMTVSSLQCNRHKPWRFGTRFMSLIKEAHWEGLTGRITFNKTNGLRTDFDLDVISLKEEGLEKIGTWDPASGLNMTE 415
               SCOP domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SCOP domains
               CATH domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CATH domains
               Pfam domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ..eeeeeeeeee.......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh......eeeeeeeeee...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...ee...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....ee...............ee......hhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeeee...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeee.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh......eeee...hhhhh..........eeeeee.....hhhhhhhhhhhhh...-----..........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...................hhhhhhhhhhh..eee..eee.............eeeeeee..eeeeeeeee...eeee.. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PROSITE
                 Transcript ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Transcript
                 3h6h B   1 TTHVLRFGGIFEYVESGPMGAEELAFRFAVNTINRNRTLLPNTTLTYDTQKINLYDSFEASKKACDQLSLGVAAIFGPSHSSSANAVQSICNALGVPHIQTRWKHQVSDNKDSFYVSLYPDFSSLSRAILDLVQFFKWKTVTVVYDDSTGLIRLQELIKAPSRYNLRLKIRQLPADTKDAKPLLKEMKRGKEFHVIFDCSHEMAAGILKQALAMGMMTEYYHYIFTTLDLFALDVEPYRYSGVNMTGFRILNTENTQVSSIIEKWSMERL-----PDSGLLDGFMTTDAALMYDAVHVVSVAVQQFPQMTVSSLQCNRHKPWRFGTRFMSLIKEAHWEGLTGRITFNKTNGLRTDFDLDVISLKEEGLEKIGTWDPASGLNMTE 384
                                    10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160       170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240       250       260       270     | 280       290       300       310       320       330       340       350       360       370       380    
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       270   276                                                                                                            

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (0, 0)

(no "SCOP Domain" information available for 3H6H)

(-) CATH Domains  (0, 0)

(no "CATH Domain" information available for 3H6H)

(-) Pfam Domains  (0, 0)

(no "Pfam Domain" information available for 3H6H)

(-) Gene Ontology  (52, 52)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A,B   (GRIK2_RAT | P42260)
molecular function
    GO:0030165    PDZ domain binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a PDZ domain of a protein, a domain found in diverse signaling proteins.
    GO:0005234    extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity    Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
    GO:0008066    glutamate receptor activity    Combining with glutamate and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.
    GO:0042802    identical protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein or proteins.
    GO:0005216    ion channel activity    Enables the facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism. May be either selective (it enables passage of a specific ion only) or non-selective (it enables passage of two or more ions of same charge but different size).
    GO:0004970    ionotropic glutamate receptor activity    Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
    GO:0015277    kainate selective glutamate receptor activity    An ionotropic glutamate receptor activity that exhibits fast gating by glutamate, acts by opening a cation channel permeable to sodium and potassium, and for which kainate is an agonist.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0042803    protein homodimerization activity    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer.
    GO:0004872    receptor activity    Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity.
    GO:0031624    ubiquitin conjugating enzyme binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin conjugating enzyme, any of the E2 proteins.
    GO:0031625    ubiquitin protein ligase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins.
biological process
    GO:0001662    behavioral fear response    An acute behavioral change resulting from a perceived external threat.
    GO:0006874    cellular calcium ion homeostasis    Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions at the level of a cell.
    GO:0007268    chemical synaptic transmission    The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
    GO:0060079    excitatory postsynaptic potential    A process that leads to a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential.
    GO:0060080    inhibitory postsynaptic potential    A process that causes a temporary decrease in postsynaptic membrane potential due to the flow of negatively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an IPSP is an inhibitory postsynaptic current (IPSC) and makes it more difficult for the neuron to fire an action potential.
    GO:0006886    intracellular protein transport    The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell.
    GO:0034220    ion transmembrane transport    A process in which an ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
    GO:0006811    ion transport    The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
    GO:0035235    ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals initiated by glutamate binding to a glutamate receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by the movement of ions through a channel in the receptor complex. Ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
    GO:0050804    modulation of chemical synaptic transmission    Any process that modulates the frequency or amplitude of synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse. Amplitude, in this case, refers to the change in postsynaptic membrane potential due to a single instance of synaptic transmission.
    GO:0043524    negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons.
    GO:0051967    negative regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate.
    GO:0051402    neuron apoptotic process    Any apoptotic process in a neuron, the basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system.
    GO:0019228    neuronal action potential    An action potential that occurs in a neuron.
    GO:0043525    positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death of neurons by apoptotic process.
    GO:0050806    positive regulation of synaptic transmission    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse.
    GO:0043113    receptor clustering    The receptor metabolic process that results in grouping of a set of receptors at a cellular location, often to amplify the sensitivity of a signaling response.
    GO:0046328    regulation of JNK cascade    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the JNK cascade.
    GO:0048169    regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity    A process that modulates long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change long-term as circumstances require. Long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increase or decrease in actual synapse numbers.
    GO:0042391    regulation of membrane potential    Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.
    GO:0048172    regulation of short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity    A process that modulates short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change in the short-term as circumstances require. Short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increasing or decreasing synaptic sensitivity.
    GO:0035249    synaptic transmission, glutamatergic    The vesicular release of glutamate from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of glutamate receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
    GO:0006810    transport    The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) or cellular components (such as complexes and organelles) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter, pore or motor protein.
cellular component
    GO:0030424    axon    The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter.
    GO:0030054    cell junction    A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. At a cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix.
    GO:0030425    dendrite    A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, often branched, morphology, receives and integrates signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conducts a nerve impulse towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body.
    GO:0032839    dendrite cytoplasm    All of the contents of a dendrite, excluding the surrounding plasma membrane.
    GO:0016021    integral component of membrane    The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
    GO:0005887    integral component of plasma membrane    The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
    GO:0008328    ionotropic glutamate receptor complex    A multimeric assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand-gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex.
    GO:0032983    kainate selective glutamate receptor complex    An assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex. Kainate receptors are multimeric assemblies of GluK1-3 (also called GluR5-7), GluK4 (KA1) and GluK5 (KA2) subunits.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0043025    neuronal cell body    The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites.
    GO:0043204    perikaryon    The portion of the cell soma (neuronal cell body) that excludes the nucleus.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
    GO:0014069    postsynaptic density of dendrite    An electron dense network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane of the dendrite of asymetric synapses. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components.
    GO:0045211    postsynaptic membrane    A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters cross the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.
    GO:0042734    presynaptic membrane    A specialized area of membrane of the axon terminal that faces the plasma membrane of the neuron or muscle fiber with which the axon terminal establishes a synaptic junction; many synaptic junctions exhibit structural presynaptic characteristics, such as conical, electron-dense internal protrusions, that distinguish it from the remainder of the axon plasma membrane.
    GO:0045202    synapse    The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron, muscle fiber or glial cell. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.
    GO:0043195    terminal bouton    Terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters. The axon terminus is considered to be the whole region of thickening and the terminal bouton is a specialized region of it.

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 Related Entries

(-) Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
        GRIK2_RAT | P422601s50 1s7y 1s9t 1sd3 1tt1 1yae 2i0b 2i0c 2xxr 2xxt 2xxu 2xxv 2xxw 2xxx 2xxy 3g3f 3g3g 3g3h 3g3i 3g3j 3g3k 3h6g 3qlt 3qlu 3qlv 4bdl 4bdm 4bdn 4bdo 4bdq 4bdr 4h8i 4uqq 5cmk 5cmm 5kuf 5kuh

(-) Related Entries Specified in the PDB File

3c32 CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE GLUR6 LIGAND BINDING DOMAIN DIMER
3h5v CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE GLUR2 ATD DIMER
3h5w CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE GLUR2 ATD DIMER
3h6g CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE GLUR6 ATD DIMER TARTRATE FORM