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(-) Description

Title :  CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF BOVINE INSULIN (HEXAMERIC FORM)
 
Authors :  S. M. Jaimohan, M. D. Naresh, A. B. Mandal
Date :  27 Jun 08  (Deposition) - 22 Jul 08  (Release) - 24 Feb 09  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  2.56
Chains :  Asym. Unit :  A,B,C,D
Biol. Unit 1:  A,B  (3x)
Biol. Unit 2:  C,D  (3x)
Biol. Unit 3:  A,B,C,D  (3x)
Keywords :  Hexameric Form, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Cleavage On Pair Of Basic Residues, Glucose Metabolism, Hormone, Secreted (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  S. M. Jaimohan, M. D. Naresh, A. B. Mandal
Crystal Structure Of Bovine Insulin (Hexameric Form)
To Be Published
PubMed: search
(for further references see the PDB file header)

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - INSULIN A CHAIN
    ChainsA, C
    Organism CommonBOVINE
    Organism ScientificBOS TAURUS
    Organism Taxid9913
    TissuePANCREAS
 
Molecule 2 - INSULIN B CHAIN
    ChainsB, D
    Organism CommonBOVINE
    Organism ScientificBOS TAURUS
    Organism Taxid9913
    TissuePANCREAS

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  1234
Asymmetric Unit ABCD
Biological Unit 1 (3x)AB  
Biological Unit 2 (3x)  CD
Biological Unit 3 (3x)ABCD

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (1, 2)

Asymmetric Unit (1, 2)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1ZN2Ligand/IonZINC ION
Biological Unit 1 (0, 0)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1ZN-1Ligand/IonZINC ION
Biological Unit 2 (0, 0)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1ZN-1Ligand/IonZINC ION
Biological Unit 3 (0, 0)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1ZN-1Ligand/IonZINC ION

(-) Sites  (2, 2)

Asymmetric Unit (2, 2)
No.NameEvidenceResiduesDescription
1AC1SOFTWAREHIS B:10 , HOH B:38BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN B 31
2AC2SOFTWAREHIS D:10 , HOH D:36BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN D 31

(-) SS Bonds  (6, 6)

Asymmetric Unit
No.Residues
1A:6 -A:11
2A:7 -B:7
3A:20 -B:19
4C:6 -C:11
5C:7 -D:7
6C:20 -D:19

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 2ZP6)

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (0, 0)

(no "SAP(SNP)/Variant" information available for 2ZP6)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (1, 2)

Asymmetric Unit (1, 2)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1INSULINPS00262 Insulin family signature.INS_BOVIN90-104
 
  2A:6-20
C:6-20
Biological Unit 1 (1, 3)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1INSULINPS00262 Insulin family signature.INS_BOVIN90-104
 
  3A:6-20
-
Biological Unit 2 (1, 3)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1INSULINPS00262 Insulin family signature.INS_BOVIN90-104
 
  3-
C:6-20
Biological Unit 3 (1, 6)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1INSULINPS00262 Insulin family signature.INS_BOVIN90-104
 
  6A:6-20
C:6-20

(-) Exons   (0, 0)

(no "Exon" information available for 2ZP6)

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:21
 aligned with INS_BOVIN | P01317 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:105

    Alignment length:21
                                    94       104 
            INS_BOVIN    85 GIVEQCCASVCSLYQLENYCN 105
               SCOP domains --------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains --------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains --------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author hhhhhhhhh.eehhhhhhhh. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) --------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE -----INSULIN        - PROSITE
                 Transcript --------------------- Transcript
                 2zp6 A   1 GIVEQCCASVCSLYQLENYCN  21
                                    10        20 

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:30
 aligned with INS_BOVIN | P01317 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:105

    Alignment length:30
                                    34        44        54
            INS_BOVIN    25 FVNQHLCGSHLVEALYLVCGERGFFYTPKA  54
               SCOP domains d2zp6b1 B:1-30                 SCOP domains
               CATH domains ------------------------------ CATH domains
               Pfam domains ------------------------------ Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ..ee...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhheee.... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------------------------ SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ------------------------------ PROSITE
                 Transcript ------------------------------ Transcript
                 2zp6 B   1 FVNQHLCGSHLVEALYLVCGERGFFYTPKA  30
                                    10        20        30

Chain C from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:21
 aligned with INS_BOVIN | P01317 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:105

    Alignment length:21
                                    94       104 
            INS_BOVIN    85 GIVEQCCASVCSLYQLENYCN 105
               SCOP domains --------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains --------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains --------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author hhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhh. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) --------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE -----INSULIN        - PROSITE
                 Transcript --------------------- Transcript
                 2zp6 C   1 GIVEQCCASVCSLYQLENYCN  21
                                    10        20 

Chain D from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:30
 aligned with INS_BOVIN | P01317 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:105

    Alignment length:30
                                    34        44        54
            INS_BOVIN    25 FVNQHLCGSHLVEALYLVCGERGFFYTPKA  54
               SCOP domains d2zp6d1 D:1-30                 SCOP domains
               CATH domains ------------------------------ CATH domains
           Pfam domains (1) ---Insulin-2zp6D01 D:4-30      Pfam domains (1)
           Pfam domains (2) ---Insulin-2zp6D02 D:4-30      Pfam domains (2)
           Pfam domains (3) ---Insulin-2zp6D03 D:4-30      Pfam domains (3)
           Pfam domains (4) ---Insulin-2zp6D04 D:4-30      Pfam domains (4)
         Sec.struct. author .......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhheee.... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------------------------ SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ------------------------------ PROSITE
                 Transcript ------------------------------ Transcript
                 2zp6 D   1 FVNQHLCGSHLVEALYLVCGERGFFYTPKA  30
                                    10        20        30

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (1, 2)

Asymmetric Unit
(-)
Class: Peptides (792)

(-) CATH Domains  (0, 0)

(no "CATH Domain" information available for 2ZP6)

(-) Pfam Domains  (1, 4)

Asymmetric Unit
(-)
Clan: Insulin (93)

(-) Gene Ontology  (33, 33)

Asymmetric Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A,B,C,D   (INS_BOVIN | P01317)
molecular function
    GO:0005179    hormone activity    The action characteristic of a hormone, any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action. The term was originally applied to agents with a stimulatory physiological action in vertebrate animals (as opposed to a chalone, which has a depressant action). Usage is now extended to regulatory compounds in lower animals and plants, and to synthetic substances having comparable effects; all bind receptors and trigger some biological process.
    GO:0042802    identical protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein or proteins.
    GO:0005158    insulin receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the insulin receptor.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
biological process
    GO:0005975    carbohydrate metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule.
    GO:0035938    estradiol secretion    The regulated release of estradiol into the circulatory system.
    GO:0007631    feeding behavior    Behavior associated with the intake of food.
    GO:0044381    glucose import in response to insulin stimulus    The directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell as a result of an insulin stimulus.
    GO:0006006    glucose metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose. D-glucose is dextrorotatory and is sometimes known as dextrose; it is an important source of energy for living organisms and is found free as well as combined in homo- and hetero-oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.
    GO:0043066    negative regulation of apoptotic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
    GO:0032099    negative regulation of appetite    Any process that reduces appetite.
    GO:1903488    negative regulation of lactation    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lactation.
    GO:0050995    negative regulation of lipid catabolic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids.
    GO:0035025    positive regulation of Rho protein signal transduction    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction.
    GO:1903524    positive regulation of blood circulation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of blood circulation.
    GO:1903431    positive regulation of cell maturation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell maturation.
    GO:0010628    positive regulation of gene expression    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
    GO:0032024    positive regulation of insulin secretion    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin.
    GO:1903489    positive regulation of lactation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lactation.
    GO:0033601    positive regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation    Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation.
    GO:0090277    positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion    Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the regulated release of a peptide hormone from secretory granules.
    GO:0014068    positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase cascade.
    GO:0050714    positive regulation of protein secretion    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a protein from a cell.
    GO:0009306    protein secretion    The controlled release of proteins from a cell.
    GO:1903576    response to L-arginine    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a L-arginine stimulus.
    GO:1903544    response to butyrate    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a butyrate stimulus.
    GO:0032094    response to food    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a food stimulus; food is anything which, when taken into the body, serves to nourish or build up the tissues or to supply body heat.
    GO:0009749    response to glucose    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus.
    GO:0060416    response to growth hormone    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth hormone stimulus. Growth hormone is a peptide hormone that binds to the growth hormone receptor and stimulates growth.
    GO:0009408    response to heat    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism.
    GO:0031667    response to nutrient levels    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of nutrients.
cellular component
    GO:0005576    extracellular region    The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
    GO:0005615    extracellular space    That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.

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 Related Entries

(-) Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
        INS_BOVIN | P013171aph 1bph 1cph 1dph 1ho0 1pid 2a3g 2bn1 2bn3 2ins 3w14 4bs3 4e7t 4e7u 4e7v 4i5y 4i5z 4idw 4ihn 4m4f 4m4h 4m4i 4m4j 4m4l 4m4m 5azz 5miz

(-) Related Entries Specified in the PDB File

2a3g THE STRUCTURE OF T6 BOVINE INSULIN
2ins THE STRUCTURE OF DES-PHE B1 BOVINE INSULIN