molecular function |
| GO:0044548 | | S100 protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a S100 protein. S100 is a small calcium and zinc binding protein produced in astrocytes that is implicated in Alzheimer's disease, Down Syndrome and ALS. |
| GO:0050785 | | advanced glycation end-product receptor activity | | Combining with advanced glycation end-products and transmitting the signal to initiate a change in cell activity. Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) form from a series of chemical reactions after an initial glycation event (a non-enzymatic reaction between reducing sugars and free amino groups of proteins). |
| GO:0070379 | | high mobility group box 1 binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with high mobility group box 1 (HMBGB1). |
| GO:0042802 | | identical protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein or proteins. |
| GO:0005515 | | protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| GO:0004872 | | receptor activity | | Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity. |
| GO:0004888 | | transmembrane signaling receptor activity | | Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity or state as part of signal transduction. |
biological process |
| GO:0007259 | | JAK-STAT cascade | | Any process in which STAT proteins (Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription) and JAK (Janus Activated Kinase) proteins convey a signal to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. The JAK-STAT cascade begins with activation of STAT proteins by members of the JAK family of tyrosine kinases, proceeds through dimerization and subsequent nuclear translocation of STAT proteins, and ends with regulation of target gene expression by STAT proteins. |
| GO:0007420 | | brain development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Brain development begins with patterning events in the neural tube and ends with the mature structure that is the center of thought and emotion. The brain is responsible for the coordination and control of bodily activities and the interpretation of information from the senses (sight, hearing, smell, etc.). |
| GO:0055074 | | calcium ion homeostasis | | Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions within an organism or cell. |
| GO:0007166 | | cell surface receptor signaling pathway | | A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. |
| GO:0035690 | | cellular response to drug | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease. |
| GO:0071398 | | cellular response to fatty acid | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fatty acid stimulus. |
| GO:0071333 | | cellular response to glucose stimulus | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus. |
| GO:0070301 | | cellular response to hydrogen peroxide | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stimulus. |
| GO:0071407 | | cellular response to organic cyclic compound | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus. |
| GO:0009100 | | glycoprotein metabolic process | | The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide. |
| GO:0006954 | | inflammatory response | | The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages. |
| GO:0045087 | | innate immune response | | Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens. |
| GO:0030324 | | lung development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lung over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In all air-breathing vertebrates the lungs are developed from the ventral wall of the oesophagus as a pouch which divides into two sacs. In amphibians and many reptiles the lungs retain very nearly this primitive sac-like character, but in the higher forms the connection with the esophagus becomes elongated into the windpipe and the inner walls of the sacs become more and more divided, until, in the mammals, the air spaces become minutely divided into tubes ending in small air cells, in the walls of which the blood circulates in a fine network of capillaries. In mammals the lungs are more or less divided into lobes, and each lung occupies a separate cavity in the thorax. |
| GO:0007162 | | negative regulation of cell adhesion | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell adhesion. |
| GO:0032966 | | negative regulation of collagen biosynthetic process | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals. |
| GO:0010596 | | negative regulation of endothelial cell migration | | Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the orderly movement of an endothelial cell into the extracellular matrix to form an endothelium. |
| GO:0001937 | | negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate or extent of endothelial cell proliferation. |
| GO:0032693 | | negative regulation of interleukin-10 production | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-10 production. |
| GO:0033689 | | negative regulation of osteoblast proliferation | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of osteoblast proliferation. |
| GO:0001933 | | negative regulation of protein phosphorylation | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein. |
| GO:0031175 | | neuron projection development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites). |
| GO:0051092 | | positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB. |
| GO:0042104 | | positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation | | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of activated T cell proliferation. |
| GO:0043065 | | positive regulation of apoptotic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. |
| GO:0010508 | | positive regulation of autophagy | | Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm. |
| GO:0030335 | | positive regulation of cell migration | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration. |
| GO:2001200 | | positive regulation of dendritic cell differentiation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell differentiation. |
| GO:2000353 | | positive regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell apoptotic process. |
| GO:0010718 | | positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition | | Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition is where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell. |
| GO:0010763 | | positive regulation of fibroblast migration | | Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of fibroblast cell migration. Fibroblast cell migration is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium. |
| GO:0048146 | | positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of multiplication or reproduction of fibroblast cells. |
| GO:0010628 | | positive regulation of gene expression | | Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. |
| GO:0050729 | | positive regulation of inflammatory response | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response. |
| GO:0032735 | | positive regulation of interleukin-12 production | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-12 production. |
| GO:0043525 | | positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death of neurons by apoptotic process. |
| GO:1901216 | | positive regulation of neuron death | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron death. |
| GO:0060100 | | positive regulation of phagocytosis, engulfment | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the internalization of bacteria, immune complexes and other particulate matter or of an apoptotic cell by phagocytosis. |
| GO:1901018 | | positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity. |
| GO:0001934 | | positive regulation of protein phosphorylation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein. |
| GO:2000379 | | positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of reactive oxygen species metabolic process. |
| GO:0014911 | | positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migration | | Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell migration. |
| GO:0048661 | | positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation | | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation. |
| GO:2000676 | | positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process. |
| GO:2000514 | | regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation. |
| GO:0001914 | | regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell mediated cytotoxicity. |
| GO:0014823 | | response to activity | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an activity stimulus. |
| GO:0009750 | | response to fructose | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fructose stimulus. |
| GO:0033595 | | response to genistein | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a genistein stimulus. |
| GO:0055093 | | response to hyperoxia | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating increased oxygen tension. |
| GO:0051595 | | response to methylglyoxal | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a methylglyoxal stimulus. Methylglyoxal is a 2-oxoaldehyde derived from propanal. |
| GO:0072714 | | response to selenite ion | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a selenite ion stimulus. |
| GO:0033189 | | response to vitamin A | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin A stimulus. |
| GO:0009611 | | response to wounding | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to the organism. |
| GO:0060290 | | transdifferentiation | | The conversion of a differentiated cell of one fate into a differentiated cell of another fate without first undergoing cell division or reversion to a more primitive or stem cell-like fate. |
cellular component |
| GO:0030424 | | axon | | The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter. |
| GO:0009925 | | basal plasma membrane | | The region of the plasma membrane located at the basal end of the cell. Often used in reference to animal polarized epithelial membranes, where the basal membrane is the part attached to the extracellular matrix, or in plant cells, where the basal membrane is defined with respect to the zygotic axis. |
| GO:0009986 | | cell surface | | The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane. |
| GO:0005737 | | cytoplasm | | All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| GO:0005829 | | cytosol | | The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. |
| GO:0005576 | | extracellular region | | The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite. |
| GO:0005615 | | extracellular space | | That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid. |
| GO:0016021 | | integral component of membrane | | The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. |
| GO:0005887 | | integral component of plasma membrane | | The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. |
| GO:0016020 | | membrane | | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it. |
| GO:0043025 | | neuronal cell body | | The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites. |
| GO:0005886 | | plasma membrane | | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. |