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(-) Description

Title :  ACTIVE SITE DISTORTION IS SUFFICIENT FOR PROTEINASE INHIBIT SECOND CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF COVALENT SERPIN-PROTEINASE COMPLEX
 
Authors :  A. Dementiev, J. Dobo, P. G. Gettins
Date :  03 Sep 05  (Deposition) - 29 Nov 05  (Release) - 24 Feb 09  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  3.30
Chains :  Asym./Biol. Unit :  A,B,C
Keywords :  Serpine Proteinase, Serpin, Covalent Serpin-Proteinase Comp Protein-Protein Interactions, Hydrolase/Hydrolase Inhibitor Complex (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  A. Dementiev, J. Dobo, P. G. Gettins
Active Site Distortion Is Sufficient For Proteinase Inhibition By Serpins: Structure Of The Covalent Complex Of Alpha 1-Proteinase Inhibitor With Porcine Pancreatic Elastase
J. Biol. Chem. V. 281 3452 2006
PubMed-ID: 16321984  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1074/JBC.M510564200
(for further references see the PDB file header)

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - ALPHA-1-ANTITRYPSIN
    ChainsA
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemESCHERICHIA COLI
    Expression System PlasmidPQE30
    Expression System Taxid562
    Expression System Vector TypePLASMID
    FragmentRESIDUES 1-358
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606
    SynonymALPHA-1 PROTEASE INHIBITOR, ALPHA-1- ANTIPROTEINASE
    TissueBLOOD
 
Molecule 2 - ALPHA-1-ANTITRYPSIN
    ChainsB
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemESCHERICHIA COLI
    Expression System PlasmidPQE30
    Expression System Taxid562
    Expression System Vector TypePLASMID
    FragmentRESIDUES 359-394
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606
    SynonymALPHA-1 PROTEASE INHIBITOR, ALPHA-1- ANTIPROTEINASE
    TissueBLOOD
 
Molecule 3 - ELASTASE-1
    ChainsC
    EC Number3.4.21.36
    OrganPANCREAS
    Organism CommonPIG
    Organism ScientificSUS SCROFA
    Organism Taxid9823

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  123
Asymmetric/Biological Unit ABC

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (0, 0)

(no "Ligand,Modified Residues,Ions" information available for 2D26)

(-) Sites  (0, 0)

(no "Site" information available for 2D26)

(-) SS Bonds  (4, 4)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
No.Residues
1C:42 -C:58
2C:136 -C:201
3C:168 -C:182
4C:191 -C:220

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 2D26)

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (32, 32)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (32, 32)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
01UniProtVAR_006980A58TA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism149319176AA34T
02UniProtVAR_006981R63CA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism28931570AR39C
03UniProtVAR_006982L65PA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism28931569AL41P
04UniProtVAR_006983S69FA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism199687431AS45F
05UniProtVAR_006985S77FA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism55819880AS53F
06UniProtVAR_006986A84TA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism111850950AA60T
07UniProtVAR_006987G91EA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism28931568AG67E
08UniProtVAR_006988T92IA1AT_HUMANUnclassified  ---AA68I
09UniProtVAR_011620T109MA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism199422213AT85M
10UniProtVAR_006989P112TA1AT_HUMANUnclassified  ---AP88T
11UniProtVAR_006990I116NA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism28931572AI92N
12UniProtVAR_006991R125HA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism709932AH101H
13UniProtVAR_006992G139SA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism11558261AG115S
14UniProtVAR_006993G172RA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism112030253AG148R
15UniProtVAR_006994G172WA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism112030253AG148W
16UniProtVAR_006995Q180EA1AT_HUMANUnclassified  ---AQ156E
17UniProtVAR_006996E228KA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism199422208AE204K
18UniProtVAR_006997V237AA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism6647AV213A
19UniProtVAR_006998R247CA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism28929470AR223C
20UniProtVAR_006999D280VA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism28929472AD256V
21UniProtVAR_007000E288VA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism17580AE264V
22UniProtVAR_007001S354FA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism201788603AS330F
23UniProtVAR_007002A360TA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism1802959AA336T
24UniProtVAR_007003D365NA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism143370956AD341N
25UniProtVAR_007004E366KA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism28929474AE342K
26UniProtVAR_007005M382RA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism121912713AM358R
27UniProtVAR_007006P386HA1AT_HUMANUnclassified  ---BP362H
28UniProtVAR_007007P386TA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism12233BP362T
29UniProtVAR_007008E387KA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism121912712BE363K
30UniProtVAR_007009P393LA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism199422209BP369L
31UniProtVAR_007010E400DA1AT_HUMANPolymorphism1303BE376D
32UniProtVAR_007011P415HA1AT_HUMANUnclassified  ---BP391H

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (3, 3)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (3, 3)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1TRYPSIN_HISPS00134 Serine proteases, trypsin family, histidine active site.CELA1_PIG67-72  1C:53-58
2TRYPSIN_SERPS00135 Serine proteases, trypsin family, serine active site.CELA1_PIG208-219  1C:191-200
3SERPINPS00284 Serpins signature.A1AT_HUMAN388-398  1B:364-373

(-) Exons   (4, 5)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (4, 5)
 ENSEMBLUniProtKBPDB
No.Transcript IDExonExon IDGenome LocationLengthIDLocationLengthCountLocationLength
1.1dENST000003930881dENSE00001561696chr14:94856974-94856794181A1AT_HUMAN-00--
1.2bENST000003930882bENSE00001514164chr14:94855347-94855138210A1AT_HUMAN-00--
1.2dENST000003930882dENSE00001514163chr14:94855000-94854897104A1AT_HUMAN-00--
1.3bENST000003930883bENSE00001302079chr14:94849578-94848929650A1AT_HUMAN1-2162161A:23-192
-
170
-
1.4aENST000003930884aENSE00001310159chr14:94847478-94847208271A1AT_HUMAN216-306911A:192-282
-
91
-
1.5aENST000003930885aENSE00001226898chr14:94845948-94845801148A1AT_HUMAN306-355501A:282-331
-
50
-
1.6bENST000003930886bENSE00001854348chr14:94844977-94844713265A1AT_HUMAN356-418632A:332-358
B:362-391
27
30

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:336
 aligned with A1AT_HUMAN | P01009 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:418

    Alignment length:336
                                    56        66        76        86        96       106       116       126       136       146       156       166       176       186       196       206       216       226       236       246       256       266       276       286       296       306       316       326       336       346       356       366       376      
          A1AT_HUMAN     47 FNKITPNLAEFAFSLYRQLAHQSNSTNIFFSPVSIATAFAMLSLGTKADTHDEILEGLNFNLTEIPEAQIHEGFQELLRTLNQPDSQLQLTTGNGLFLSEGLKLVDKFLEDVKKLYHSEAFTVNFGDTEEAKKQINDYVEKGTQGKIVDLVKELDRDTVFALVNYIFFKGKWERPFEVKDTEEEDFHVDQVTTVKVPMMKRLGMFNIQHCKKLSSWVLLMKYLGNATAIFFLPDEGKLQHLENELTHDIITKFLENEDRRSASLHLPKLSITGTYDLKSVLGQLGITKVFSNGADLSGVTEEAPLKLSKAVHKAVLTIDEKGTEAAGAMFLEAIPM  382
               SCOP domains d2d26a1 A:23-358 Antitrypsin, alpha-1                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            SCOP domains
               CATH domains 2d26A01 A:23-194,A:290-358 Antithrombin, subunit I, domain 2                                                                                                                2d26A02 A:195-289 Alpha-1-antitrypsin, domain 1                                                2d26A01 A:23-194,A:290-358 Antithrombin, subunit I, domain 2          CATH domains
               Pfam domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....eeehhhhhh.hhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhhhhh......hhhhhhhhhhh............eeeeeeeee.......hhhhhhhhhhh....ee.....hhhhh...hhhhhh...................eeeeeeeeeeee..........eeeee.......eeeeeeeeee....eee....eeeeeee....eeeeeee....hhhhhhh..hhhhhhhhh.......eeeeee....eeeee..hhhhhh......................eeeeeeeee......ee..eeeeeeee... Sec.struct. author
             SAPs(SNPs) (1) -----------T----C-P---F-------F------T------EI----------------M--T---N--------H-------------S--------------------------------R-------E-----------------------------------------------K--------A---------C--------------------------------V-------V-----------------------------------------------------------------F-----T----NK---------------R SAPs(SNPs) (1)
             SAPs(SNPs) (2) -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------W------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SAPs(SNPs) (2)
                    PROSITE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PROSITE
           Transcript 1 (1) Exon 1.3b  PDB: A:23-192 UniProt: 1-216 [INCOMPLETE]                                                                                                                      -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.5a  PDB: A:282-331 UniProt: 306-355        Exon 1.6b  PDB: A:332-358   Transcript 1 (1)
           Transcript 1 (2) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.4a  PDB: A:192-282 UniProt: 216-306                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript 1 (2)
                2d26 A   23 FNKITPNLAEFAFSLYRQLAHQSNSTNILFSPVSIAAAFAMLSLGAKGDTHDEILEGLNFNLTEIPEAQIHEGFQELLHTLNQPDSQLQLTTGNGLFLSEGLKLVDKFLEDVKKLYHSEAFTVNFGDTEEAKKQINDYVEKGTQGKIVDLVKELDRDTVFALVNYIFFKGKWERPFEVKDTEEEDFHVDQVTTVKVPMMKRLGMFNIQHSKKLSSWVLLMKYLGNATAIFFLPDEGKLQHLENELTHDIITKFLENEDRRSASLHLPKLSITGTYDLKSVLGQLGITKVFSNGADLSGVTEEAPLKLSKAVHKAVLTIDEKGTEAAGAMFLEAIPM  358
                                    32        42        52        62        72        82        92       102       112       122       132       142       152       162       172       182       192       202       212       222       232       242       252       262       272       282       292       302       312       322       332       342       352      

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:30
 aligned with A1AT_HUMAN | P01009 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:418

    Alignment length:30
                                   395       405       415
          A1AT_HUMAN    386 PEVKFNKPFVFLMIEQNTKSPLFMGKVVNP  415
               SCOP domains ------------------------------ SCOP domains
               CATH domains ------------------------------ CATH domains
               Pfam domains ------------------------------ Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ........eee.eee........eeee... Sec.struct. author
             SAPs(SNPs) (1) HK-----L------D--------------H SAPs(SNPs) (1)
             SAPs(SNPs) (2) T----------------------------- SAPs(SNPs) (2)
                    PROSITE --SERPIN     ----------------- PROSITE
           Transcript 1 (1) Exon 1.6b  PDB: B:362-391      Transcript 1 (1)
           Transcript 1 (2) ------------------------------ Transcript 1 (2)
                2d26 B  362 PEVKFNKPFVFLIIEQNTKAPLFMGRVVNP  391
                                   371       381       391

Chain C from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:223
 aligned with CELA1_PIG | P00772 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:266

    Alignment length:236
                                    40        50        60        70        80        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160       170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240       250       260      
           CELA1_PIG     31 TEAQRNSWPSQISLQYRSGSSWAHTCGGTLIRQNWVMTAAHCVDRELTFRVVVGEHNLNQNDGTEQYVGVQKIVVHPYWNTDDVAAGYDIALLRLAQSVTLNSYVQLGVLPRAGTILANNSPCYITGWGLTRTNGQLAQTLQQAYLPTVDYAICSSSSYWGSTVKNSMVCAGGDGVRSGCQGDSGGPLHCLVNGQYAVHGVTSFVSRLGCNVTRKPTVFTRVSAYISWINNVIASN  266
               SCOP domains d2d26c1 C:20-245 Elastase                                                                                                                                                                                                                    SCOP domains
               CATH domains 2d26C01 2d26C02 C:28-120,C:233-245 Trypsin-like serine proteases                                           2d26C01 C:20-27,C:121       -232 Trypsin-like serine proteases                                                      2d26C02       CATH domains
               Pfam domains -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ...........eeeeeee..eeeeee..eeee..eeee..........eeeee............eeeeeeeeee...............eeeee...........................eeeee.-------......eeee..eehhhhhhh...........eeee..------.......eeee.......eeeeeee.............eeee...hhhhhhhhhhh. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ------------------------------------TRYPSI---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TRYPSIN_SER ----------------------------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                2d26 C   20 TEAQRNSWPSQISLQYRSGSSWAHTCGGTLIRQNWVMTAAHCVDRELTFRVVVGEHNLNQNDGTEQYVGVQKIVVHPYWNTDDVAAGYDIALLRLAQSVTLNSYVQLGVLPRAGTILANNSPCYITGW-------QLAQTLQQAYLPTVDYAICSSSSYWGSTVKNSMVCAGG------CQGDSGGPLHCLVNGQYAVHGVTSFVSRLGCNVTRKPTVFTRVSAYISWINNVIASN  245
                                    29       36C        46        56       65A        75        85        95    || 103       113       123       133       | -     | 154       164      |172       182  |    191       201       211      |220 |     229       239      
                                           36A||                           65A                                99A|                                       141     150                 170A|            185    191                       217A 221A                        
                                            36B|                                                               99B                                                                    170B                                                                              
                                             36C                                                                                                                                                                                                                        

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (2, 2)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

(-) CATH Domains  (3, 4)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
(-)
Class: Alpha Beta (26913)
(-)
Class: Mainly Beta (13760)

(-) Pfam Domains  (0, 0)

(no "Pfam Domain" information available for 2D26)

(-) Gene Ontology  (44, 47)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A,B   (A1AT_HUMAN | P01009)
molecular function
    GO:0042802    identical protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein or proteins.
    GO:0030414    peptidase inhibitor activity    Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds.
    GO:0002020    protease binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protease or peptidase.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0004867    serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity    Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of serine-type endopeptidases, enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nonterminal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain; a serine residue (and a histidine residue) are at the active center of the enzyme.
biological process
    GO:0048208    COPII vesicle coating    The addition of COPII proteins and adaptor proteins to ER membranes during the formation of transport vesicles, forming a vesicle coat.
    GO:0006888    ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport    The directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi.
    GO:0006953    acute-phase response    An acute inflammatory response that involves non-antibody proteins whose concentrations in the plasma increase in response to infection or injury of homeothermic animals.
    GO:0007596    blood coagulation    The sequential process in which the multiple coagulation factors of the blood interact, ultimately resulting in the formation of an insoluble fibrin clot; it may be divided into three stages: stage 1, the formation of intrinsic and extrinsic prothrombin converting principle; stage 2, the formation of thrombin; stage 3, the formation of stable fibrin polymers.
    GO:0007599    hemostasis    The stopping of bleeding (loss of body fluid) or the arrest of the circulation to an organ or part.
    GO:0010951    negative regulation of endopeptidase activity    Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of endopeptidase activity, the endohydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins.
    GO:0010466    negative regulation of peptidase activity    Any process that stops or reduces the rate of peptidase activity, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins.
    GO:0002576    platelet degranulation    The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as histamine and serotonin by a platelet.
cellular component
    GO:0030134    COPII-coated ER to Golgi transport vesicle    A vesicle with a coat formed of the COPII coat complex proteins. The COPII coat complex is formed by the Sec23p/Sec24p and the Sec13p/Sec31p heterodimers. COPII-associated vesicles transport proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus (anterograde transport).
    GO:0005794    Golgi apparatus    A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.
    GO:0000139    Golgi membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus.
    GO:0005783    endoplasmic reticulum    The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached).
    GO:0005788    endoplasmic reticulum lumen    The volume enclosed by the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum.
    GO:0033116    endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi intermediate compartment system.
    GO:0070062    extracellular exosome    A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
    GO:0005576    extracellular region    The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
    GO:0005615    extracellular space    That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
    GO:0031093    platelet alpha granule lumen    The volume enclosed by the membrane of the platelet alpha granule.
    GO:0005578    proteinaceous extracellular matrix    A layer consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that forms a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. The proteins are secreted by cells in the vicinity. An example of this component is found in Mus musculus.

Chain C   (CELA1_PIG | P00772)
molecular function
    GO:0016787    hydrolase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.
    GO:0046872    metal ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
    GO:0008233    peptidase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0004252    serine-type endopeptidase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine).
    GO:0008236    serine-type peptidase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine).
biological process
    GO:0016055    Wnt signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state.
    GO:0055123    digestive system development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the digestive system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The digestive system is the entire structure in which digestion takes place. Digestion is all of the physical, chemical, and biochemical processes carried out by multicellular organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism.
    GO:0060309    elastin catabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of elastin. Elastin is a glycoprotein which is randomly coiled and crosslinked to form elastic fibers that are found in connective tissue.
    GO:0031017    exocrine pancreas development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the exocrine pancreas over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The exocrine pancreas produces and store zymogens of digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsinogen and trypsinogen in the acinar cells.
    GO:0006954    inflammatory response    The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages.
    GO:0035264    multicellular organism growth    The increase in size or mass of an entire multicellular organism, as opposed to cell growth.
    GO:0000122    negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
    GO:0061113    pancreas morphogenesis    Morphogenesis of the pancreas. Morphogenesis is the process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized.
    GO:0045766    positive regulation of angiogenesis    Any process that activates or increases angiogenesis.
    GO:0045944    positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
    GO:0009791    post-embryonic development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the organism over time, from the completion of embryonic development to the mature structure. See embryonic development.
    GO:0006508    proteolysis    The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds.
    GO:0045595    regulation of cell differentiation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation, the process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and functional features.
    GO:0042127    regulation of cell proliferation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation.
    GO:0048771    tissue remodeling    The reorganization or renovation of existing tissues. This process can either change the characteristics of a tissue such as in blood vessel remodeling, or result in the dynamic equilibrium of a tissue such as in bone remodeling.
cellular component
    GO:0005576    extracellular region    The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
    GO:0005615    extracellular space    That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.

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 Related Entries

(-) Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
        A1AT_HUMAN | P010091atu 1d5s 1ezx 1hp7 1iz2 1kct 1oo8 1oph 1psi 1qlp 1qmb 2qug 3cwl 3cwm 3drm 3dru 3ndd 3ndf 3ne4 3t1p 4pyw 5io1 7api 8api 9api
        CELA1_PIG | P007721b0e 1bma 1btu 1c1m 1e34 1e35 1e36 1e37 1e38 1eai 1eas 1eat 1eau 1ela 1elb 1elc 1eld 1ele 1elf 1elg 1esa 1esb 1est 1fle 1fzz 1gvk 1gwa 1h9l 1hax 1hay 1haz 1hb0 1hv7 1inc 1jim 1l0z 1l1g 1lka 1lkb 1lvy 1mcv 1mmj 1nes 1okx 1qgf 1qix 1qnj 1qr3 1uo6 1uvo 1uvp 2a7c 2a7j 2bb4 2bd2 2bd3 2bd4 2bd5 2bd7 2bd8 2bd9 2bda 2bdb 2bdc 2blo 2blq 2cv3 2de8 2de9 2est 2fo9 2foa 2fob 2foc 2fod 2foe 2fof 2fog 2foh 2g4t 2g4u 2h1u 2iot 2oqu 2v0b 2v35 3e3t 3est 3hgn 3hgp 3mnb 3mnc 3mns 3mnx 3mo3 3mo6 3mo9 3moc 3mty 3mu0 3mu1 3mu4 3mu5 3mu8 3odd 3odf 3uou 4est 4gvu 4ym9 5avd 5est 6est 7est 8est 9est

(-) Related Entries Specified in the PDB File

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