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(-) Description

Title :  WT HUMAN O6-ALKYLGUANINE-DNA ALKYLTRANSFERASE BOUND TO DNA CONTAINING AN ALKYLATED CYTOSINE
 
Authors :  E. M. Duguid, P. A. Rice, C. He
Date :  31 Dec 04  (Deposition) - 13 Dec 05  (Release) - 24 Feb 09  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  3.01
Chains :  Asym. Unit :  A,B,C,D,E,F,G
Biol. Unit 1:  C,D,E  (1x)
Biol. Unit 2:  A,F,G  (1x)
Biol. Unit 3:  B  (1x)
Keywords :  Protein-Dna Complex, Transferase/Dna Complex (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  E. M. Duguid, P. A. Rice, C. He
The Structure Of The Human Agt Protein Bound To Dna And Its Implications For Damage Detection.
J. Mol. Biol. V. 350 657 2005
PubMed-ID: 15964013  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1016/J.JMB.2005.05.028
(for further references see the PDB file header)

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - 5'-D(*GP*TP*GP*GP*AP*TP*GP*(XCY) P*GP*TP*GP*TP*AP*GP*GP*T)-3'
    ChainsD, F
    EngineeredYES
    Other DetailsOLIGONUCLEOTIDE SYNTHESIZED BY AUTOMATED PHOSPHORAMIDITE TECHNIQUE CONTAINING UNATURAL BASE
    SyntheticYES
 
Molecule 2 - 5'- D(*CP*CP*TP*AP*CP*AP*CP*AP*CP*AP*TP*CP*CP*AP*CP*A)-3'
    ChainsE, G
    EngineeredYES
    Other DetailsOLIGONUCLEOTIDE SYNTHESIZED BY AUTOMATED PHOSPHORAMIDITE TECHNIQUE
    SyntheticYES
 
Molecule 3 - METHYLATED-DNA--PROTEIN-CYSTEINE METHYLTRANSFERASE
    ChainsA, B, C
    EC Number2.1.1.63
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemESCHERICHIA COLI BL21
    Expression System PlasmidPGEX-6P-2
    Expression System StrainBL21
    Expression System Taxid511693
    Expression System Vector TypePLASMID
    GeneMGMT
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606
    Synonym6-O-METHYLGUANINE-DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE, MGMT, O- 6-METHYLGUANINE-DNA-ALKYLTRANSFERASE

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  1234567
Asymmetric Unit ABCDEFG
Biological Unit 1 (1x)  CDE  
Biological Unit 2 (1x)A    FG
Biological Unit 3 (1x) B     

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (2, 5)

Asymmetric Unit (2, 5)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1XCY2Mod. Nucleotide{5-[4-{[4-(AMINOMETHYL)BENZYL]AMINO}-2-OXOPYRIMIDIN-1(2H)- YL]-3-HYDROXYTETRAHYDROFURAN-2-YL}METHYLDIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE
2ZN3Ligand/IonZINC ION
Biological Unit 1 (1, 1)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1XCY1Mod. Nucleotide{5-[4-{[4-(AMINOMETHYL)BENZYL]AMINO}-2-OXOPYRIMIDIN-1(2H)- YL]-3-HYDROXYTETRAHYDROFURAN-2-YL}METHYLDIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE
2ZN-1Ligand/IonZINC ION
Biological Unit 2 (1, 1)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1XCY1Mod. Nucleotide{5-[4-{[4-(AMINOMETHYL)BENZYL]AMINO}-2-OXOPYRIMIDIN-1(2H)- YL]-3-HYDROXYTETRAHYDROFURAN-2-YL}METHYLDIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE
2ZN-1Ligand/IonZINC ION
Biological Unit 3 (0, 0)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1XCY-1Mod. Nucleotide{5-[4-{[4-(AMINOMETHYL)BENZYL]AMINO}-2-OXOPYRIMIDIN-1(2H)- YL]-3-HYDROXYTETRAHYDROFURAN-2-YL}METHYLDIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE
2ZN-1Ligand/IonZINC ION

(-) Sites  (3, 3)

Asymmetric Unit (3, 3)
No.NameEvidenceResiduesDescription
1AC1SOFTWARECYS A:5 , MET A:7 , CYS A:24 , HIS A:29 , HIS A:85BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN A 301
2AC2SOFTWARECYS C:5 , CYS C:24 , HIS C:29 , HIS C:85BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN C 302
3AC3SOFTWARECYS B:5 , MET B:7 , CYS B:24 , HIS B:29 , HIS B:85BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN B 303

(-) SS Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "SS Bond" information available for 1YFH)

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 1YFH)

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (10, 26)

Asymmetric Unit (10, 26)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
01UniProtVAR_014750E30KMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2020893A/B/CE30K
02UniProtVAR_056129L53FMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism12917A/BL53F
03UniProtVAR_029112P58SMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2308322A/B/CP58S
04UniProtVAR_020354W65CMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2282164A/B/CW65C
05UniProtVAR_014751L84FMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism12917A/B/CL84F
06UniProtVAR_056130I112VMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2308321A/B/CI112V
07UniProtVAR_014752I143VMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2308321A/B/CI143V
08UniProtVAR_014753G160RMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2308318A/BG160R
09UniProtVAR_014754E166DMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2308320A/B/CE166D
10UniProtVAR_014755K178RMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2308327AK178R

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Biological Unit 1 (7, 7)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
01UniProtVAR_014750E30KMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2020893CE30K
03UniProtVAR_029112P58SMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2308322CP58S
04UniProtVAR_020354W65CMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2282164CW65C
05UniProtVAR_014751L84FMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism12917CL84F
06UniProtVAR_056130I112VMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2308321CI112V
07UniProtVAR_014752I143VMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2308321CI143V
09UniProtVAR_014754E166DMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2308320CE166D

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Biological Unit 2 (10, 10)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
01UniProtVAR_014750E30KMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2020893AE30K
02UniProtVAR_056129L53FMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism12917AL53F
03UniProtVAR_029112P58SMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2308322AP58S
04UniProtVAR_020354W65CMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2282164AW65C
05UniProtVAR_014751L84FMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism12917AL84F
06UniProtVAR_056130I112VMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2308321AI112V
07UniProtVAR_014752I143VMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2308321AI143V
08UniProtVAR_014753G160RMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2308318AG160R
09UniProtVAR_014754E166DMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2308320AE166D
10UniProtVAR_014755K178RMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2308327AK178R

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Biological Unit 3 (9, 9)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
01UniProtVAR_014750E30KMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2020893BE30K
02UniProtVAR_056129L53FMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism12917BL53F
03UniProtVAR_029112P58SMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2308322BP58S
04UniProtVAR_020354W65CMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2282164BW65C
05UniProtVAR_014751L84FMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism12917BL84F
06UniProtVAR_056130I112VMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2308321BI112V
07UniProtVAR_014752I143VMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2308321BI143V
08UniProtVAR_014753G160RMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2308318BG160R
09UniProtVAR_014754E166DMGMT_HUMANPolymorphism2308320BE166D

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (1, 3)

Asymmetric Unit (1, 3)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1MGMTPS00374 Methylated-DNA--protein-cysteine methyltransferase active site.MGMT_HUMAN143-149
 
 
  3A:143-149
B:143-149
C:143-149
Biological Unit 1 (1, 1)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1MGMTPS00374 Methylated-DNA--protein-cysteine methyltransferase active site.MGMT_HUMAN143-149
 
 
  1-
-
C:143-149
Biological Unit 2 (1, 1)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1MGMTPS00374 Methylated-DNA--protein-cysteine methyltransferase active site.MGMT_HUMAN143-149
 
 
  1A:143-149
-
-
Biological Unit 3 (1, 1)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1MGMTPS00374 Methylated-DNA--protein-cysteine methyltransferase active site.MGMT_HUMAN143-149
 
 
  1-
B:143-149
-

(-) Exons   (0, 0)

(no "Exon" information available for 1YFH)

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:165
 aligned with MGMT_HUMAN | P16455 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:207

    Alignment length:175
                                    14        24        34        44        54        64        74        84        94       104       114       124       134       144       154       164       174     
           MGMT_HUMAN     5 CEMKRTTLDSPLGKLELSGCEQGLHEIKLLGKGTSAADAVEVPAPAAVLGGPEPLMQCTAWLNAYFHQPEAIEEFPVPALHHPVFQQESFTRQVLWKLLKVVKFGEVISYQQLAALAGNPKAARAVGGAMRGNPVPILIPCHRVVCSSGAVGNYSGGLAVKEWLLAHEGHRLGKP 179
               SCOP domains d1yfha2 A:5-91 O6-alkylguanine-          DNA alkyltransferase                          d1yfha1 A:92-179 O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase                                    SCOP domains
               CATH domains -1yfhA01 A:6-85 O6-alkylguanine          -DNA Alkyltransferase; Chain A, domain 11yfhA02 A:86-175 'winged helix' repressor DNA binding domain                              ---- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ...eeeeeee..eeeeeee....eeeeeeee----------..........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhh.......hhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhhh.....eehhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhhh...........ee...........hhhhhhhhhhhh....... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) -------------------------K----------------------F----S------C------------------F---------------------------V------------------------------V----------------R-----D-----------R- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------MGMT   ------------------------------ PROSITE
                 Transcript ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 1yfh A   5 CEMKRTTLDSPLGKLELSGCEQGLHEIKLLG----------VPAPAAVLGGPEPLMQCTAWLNAYFHQPEAIEEFPVPALHHPVFQQESFTRQVLWKLLKVVKFGEVISYQQLAALAGNPKAARAVGGAMRGNPVPILIPCHRVVCSSGAVGNYSGGLAVKEWLLAHEGHRLGKP 179
                                    14        24        34|        - |      54        64        74        84        94       104       114       124       134       144       154       164       174     
                                                         35         46                                                                                                                                     

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:161
 aligned with MGMT_HUMAN | P16455 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:207

    Alignment length:171
                                    14        24        34        44        54        64        74        84        94       104       114       124       134       144       154       164       174 
           MGMT_HUMAN     5 CEMKRTTLDSPLGKLELSGCEQGLHEIKLLGKGTSAADAVEVPAPAAVLGGPEPLMQCTAWLNAYFHQPEAIEEFPVPALHHPVFQQESFTRQVLWKLLKVVKFGEVISYQQLAALAGNPKAARAVGGAMRGNPVPILIPCHRVVCSSGAVGNYSGGLAVKEWLLAHEGHR 175
               SCOP domains d1yfhb2 B:5-91 O6-alkylguanine-          DNA alkyltransferase                          d1yfhb1 B:92-175 O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase                                SCOP domains
               CATH domains -1yfhB01 B:6-85 O6-alkylguanine          -DNA Alkyltransferase; Chain A, domain 11yfhB02 B:86-175 'winged helix' repressor DNA binding domain                               CATH domains
               Pfam domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ...eeeeeee..eeeeeee....eeeeee..----------....ee....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.........hhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhh......eehhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhhhh..........ee...........hhhhhhhhhhhh... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) -------------------------K----------------------F----S------C------------------F---------------------------V------------------------------V----------------R-----D--------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------MGMT   -------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 1yfh B   5 CEMKRTTLDSPLGKLELSGCEQGLHEIKLLG----------VPAPAAVLGGPEPLMQCTAWLNAYFHQPEAIEEFPVPALHHPVFQQESFTRQVLWKLLKVVKFGEVISYQQLAALAGNPKAARAVGGAMRGNPVPILIPCHRVVCSSGAVGNYSGGLAVKEWLLAHEGHR 175
                                    14        24        34|        - |      54        64        74        84        94       104       114       124       134       144       154       164       174 
                                                         35         46                                                                                                                                 

Chain C from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:149
 aligned with MGMT_HUMAN | P16455 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:207

    Alignment length:173
                                    14        24        34        44        54        64        74        84        94       104       114       124       134       144       154       164       174   
           MGMT_HUMAN     5 CEMKRTTLDSPLGKLELSGCEQGLHEIKLLGKGTSAADAVEVPAPAAVLGGPEPLMQCTAWLNAYFHQPEAIEEFPVPALHHPVFQQESFTRQVLWKLLKVVKFGEVISYQQLAALAGNPKAARAVGGAMRGNPVPILIPCHRVVCSSGAVGNYSGGLAVKEWLLAHEGHRLG 177
               SCOP domains d1yfhc2 C:5-91 O6-alkylguanine-                   DNA alkyltransferase                 d1yfhc1 C:92-177 O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase                                  SCOP domains
               CATH domains -1yfhC01 C:6-85 O6-alkylguanine                   -DNA Alkyltransferase; Chain A,1yfhC02 C:86-175 'winged helix' repressor DNA binding domain                              -- CATH domains
           Pfam domains (1) -Methyltransf_1N-1yfhC04 C:6-90                                                       -DNA_binding_1-1yfhC01 C:92-177                                                         Pfam domains (1)
           Pfam domains (2) -Methyltransf_1N-1yfhC05 C:6-90                                                       -DNA_binding_1-1yfhC02 C:92-177                                                         Pfam domains (2)
           Pfam domains (3) -Methyltransf_1N-1yfhC06 C:6-90                                                       -DNA_binding_1-1yfhC03 C:92-177                                                         Pfam domains (3)
         Sec.struct. author ...eeeeeee..eeeeeee....eeeeeeee-------------------.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhh......hhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhhh.....eehhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhhhh..........ee......-----hhhhhhhhhhhh..... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) -------------------------K---------------------------S------C------------------F---------------------------V------------------------------V----------------------D----------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------MGMT   ---------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 1yfh C   5 CEMKRTTLDSPLGKLELSGCEQGLHEIKLLG-------------------GPEPLMQCTAWLNAYFHQPEAIEEFPVPALHHPVFQQESFTRQVLWKLLKVVKFGEVISYQQLAALAGNPKAARAVGGAMRGNPVPILIPCHRVVCSSGAV-----GLAVKEWLLAHEGHRLG 177
                                    14        24        34|        -         -|       64        74        84        94       104       114       124       134       144       154|     |164       174   
                                                         35                  55                                                                                                 155   161                

Chain D from PDB  Type:DNA  Length:16
                                                
                 1yfh D   1 GTGGATGcGTGTAGGT  16
                                   |10      
                                   8-XCY    

Chain E from PDB  Type:DNA  Length:16
                                                
                 1yfh E  15 CCTACACACATCCACA  -1
                            |||||||||6||||||
                           15||||||||6||||||
                            14||||||| 5|||||
                             13||||||  4||||
                              12|||||   3|||
                               11||||    2||
                                10|||     1|
                                  9||     -1
                                   8|       
                                    7       

Chain F from PDB  Type:DNA  Length:16
                                                
                 1yfh F   1 GTGGATGcGTGTAGGT  16
                                   |10      
                                   8-XCY    

Chain G from PDB  Type:DNA  Length:16
                                                
                 1yfh G  15 CCTACACACATCCACA  -1
                            |||||||||6||||||
                           15||||||||6||||||
                            14||||||| 5|||||
                             13||||||  4||||
                              12|||||   3|||
                               11||||    2||
                                10|||     1|
                                  9||     -1
                                   8|       
                                    7       

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (2, 6)

Asymmetric Unit

(-) CATH Domains  (2, 6)

Asymmetric Unit
(-)
Class: Mainly Beta (13760)

(-) Pfam Domains  (2, 6)

Asymmetric Unit

(-) Gene Ontology  (32, 32)

Asymmetric Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A,B,C   (MGMT_HUMAN | P16455)
molecular function
    GO:0003677    DNA binding    Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively and non-covalently with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
    GO:0009008    DNA-methyltransferase activity    Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to a DNA molecule.
    GO:0005509    calcium ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+).
    GO:0003824    catalytic activity    Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic.
    GO:0003684    damaged DNA binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with damaged DNA.
    GO:0046872    metal ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
    GO:0003908    methylated-DNA-[protein]-cysteine S-methyltransferase activity    Catalysis of the reaction: DNA (containing 6-O-methylguanine) + (protein)-L-cysteine = DNA (without 6-O-methylguanine) + protein S-methyl-L-cysteine.
    GO:0008168    methyltransferase activity    Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule.
    GO:0016740    transferase activity    Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2.
biological process
    GO:0006307    DNA dealkylation involved in DNA repair    The repair of alkylation damage, e.g. the removal of the alkyl group at the O6-position of guanine by O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT).
    GO:0006266    DNA ligation    The re-formation of a broken phosphodiester bond in the DNA backbone, carried out by DNA ligase.
    GO:0006306    DNA methylation    The covalent transfer of a methyl group to either N-6 of adenine or C-5 or N-4 of cytosine.
    GO:0006281    DNA repair    The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway.
    GO:0006974    cellular response to DNA damage stimulus    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to its DNA from environmental insults or errors during metabolism.
    GO:0071479    cellular response to ionizing radiation    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ionizing radiation stimulus. Ionizing radiation is radiation with sufficient energy to remove electrons from atoms and may arise from spontaneous decay of unstable isotopes, resulting in alpha and beta particles and gamma rays. Ionizing radiation also includes X-rays.
    GO:0071407    cellular response to organic cyclic compound    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus.
    GO:0034599    cellular response to oxidative stress    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals.
    GO:0060644    mammary gland epithelial cell differentiation    The process in which a relatively unspecialized epithelial cell becomes a more specialized epithelial cell of the mammary gland.
    GO:0032259    methylation    The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule.
    GO:0043066    negative regulation of apoptotic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
    GO:0060548    negative regulation of cell death    Any process that decreases the rate or frequency of cell death. Cell death is the specific activation or halting of processes within a cell so that its vital functions markedly cease, rather than simply deteriorating gradually over time, which culminates in cell death.
    GO:0045739    positive regulation of DNA repair    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA repair.
    GO:2000781    positive regulation of double-strand break repair    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of double-strand break repair.
    GO:0043281    regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process    Any process that modulates the activity of a cysteine-type endopeptidase involved in apoptosis.
    GO:0042493    response to drug    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease.
    GO:0045471    response to ethanol    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ethanol stimulus.
    GO:0051593    response to folic acid    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a folic acid stimulus.
    GO:0014070    response to organic cyclic compound    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus.
    GO:0009636    response to toxic substance    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a toxic stimulus.
cellular component
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0005654    nucleoplasm    That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.
    GO:0005634    nucleus    A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

 Visualization

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 Related Entries

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        MGMT_HUMAN | P164551eh6 1eh7 1eh8 1qnt 1t38 1t39

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