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Asym./Biol. Unit (Jmol Viewer)

Asym./Biol. Unit - sites (Jmol Viewer)

Title :   CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF PLASMODIUM BERGHEI ACTIN II

Authors :   J. Vahokoski, S. P. Bhargav, A. Desfosses, M. Andreadaki, E. P. Kumpula A. Ignatev, S. Munico Martinez, S. Lepper, F. Frischknecht, I. Siden C. Sachse, I. Kursula

Date :   17 Oct 13 (Deposition) - 30 Apr 14 (Release) - 05 Jul 17 (Revision)

Method :   X-RAY DIFFRACTION

Resolution :   2.20

Chains :   Asym./Biol. Unit : A,G

Keywords :   Motor Protein, Malaria, Motility, Parasite (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google)] )

Reference :   J. Vahokoski, S. P. Bhargav, A. Desfosses, M. Andreadaki, E. Kumpula, S. M. Martinez, A. Ignatev, S. Lepper, F. Frischknecht, I. Siden-Kiamos, C. Sachse, I. Kursula
Structural Differences Explain Diverse Functions Of Plasmodium Actins.
Plos Pathog. V. 10 4091 2014
PubMed-ID: 24743229 | Reference-DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PPAT.1004091

Molecule 1 - ACTIN-2
	Chains	:	A
	Engineered	:	YES
	Expression System	:	SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA
	Expression System Cell Line	:	SF21
	Expression System Common	:	FALL ARMYWORM
	Expression System Taxid	:	7108
	Expression System Vector Type	:	BACULOVIRUS
	Organism Scientific	:	PLASMODIUM BERGHEI
	Organism Taxid	:	5821
	Synonym	:	ACTIN II, ACTIN

Molecule 2 - GELSOLIN
	Chains	:	G
	Engineered	:	YES
	Expression System	:	ESCHERICHIA COLI
	Expression System Strain	:	BL21(DE3)
	Expression System Taxid	:	469008
	Expression System Variant	:	ROSETTA
	Fragment	:	G1 DOMAIN, RESIDUES 50-174
	Organism Common	:	HOUSE MOUSE
	Organism Scientific	:	MUS MUSCULUS
	Organism Taxid	:	10090
	Synonym	:	ACTIN-DEPOLYMERIZING FACTOR, ADF, BREVIN, GELSOLIN G1

		1	2
Asymmetric/Biological Unit	:	A	G

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (5, 8)

No.	Name	Count	Type	Full Name
1	ATP	1	Ligand/Ion	ADENOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE
2	CA	3	Ligand/Ion	CALCIUM ION
3	NA	1	Ligand/Ion	SODIUM ION
4	PO4	1	Ligand/Ion	PHOSPHATE ION
5	SO4	2	Ligand/Ion	SULFATE ION

Asymmetric Unit (8, 8)

No.	Name	Evidence	Residues	Description
1	AC1	SOFTWARE	ATP A:1374 , HOH A:2003 , HOH A:2005 , HOH A:2006 , HOH A:2085 , HOH A:2099	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE CA A 1378
2	AC2	SOFTWARE	GLY A:13 , SER A:14 , GLY A:15 , MET A:16 , LYS A:18 , GLY A:156 , ASP A:157 , GLY A:158 , VAL A:159 , GLY A:182 , ARG A:210 , LYS A:213 , GLU A:214 , GLY A:302 , GLY A:303 , THR A:304 , MET A:306 , LYS A:337 , CA A:1378 , HOH A:2006 , HOH A:2099 , HOH A:2101 , HOH A:2105 , HOH A:2143 , HOH A:2229	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ATP A 1374
3	AC3	SOFTWARE	ARG A:270 , GLU A:271 , CYS A:272 , HOH A:2178	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE SO4 A 1375
4	AC4	SOFTWARE	ARG A:147 , LYS A:329 , HOH A:2094 , ARG G:120 , HOH G:2096	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE PO4 G 1150
5	AC5	SOFTWARE	TYR A:309 , ILE A:310 , GLY A:311 , GLU A:312 , HOH A:2201 , HOH A:2202 , HOH A:2206 , HOH A:2224 , HOH A:2245	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE SO4 A 1376
6	AC6	SOFTWARE	ASN A:296 , ASN A:297 , HOH A:2248	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NA A 1377
7	AC7	SOFTWARE	GLU A:167 , HOH A:2111 , ASP G:109 , GLY G:114 , ALA G:116	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE CA G 1151
8	AC8	SOFTWARE	GLY G:65 , ASP G:66 , GLU G:97 , VAL G:145 , HOH G:2045 , HOH G:2046	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE CA G 1152

(no "SS Bond" information available for 4CBX)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

No.	Residues
1	Ser A:5	-	Ile A:6
2	Glu A:51	-	Cys A:52

(no "SAP(SNP)/Variant" information available for 4CBX)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (3, 3)

	PROSITE			UniProtKB		PDB
No.	ID	AC	Description	ID	Location	Count	Location
1	ACTINS_1	PS00406	Actins signature 1.	ACT2_PLABA	53-63	1	A:53-63
2	ACTINS_ACT_LIKE	PS01132	Actins and actin-related proteins signature.	ACT2_PLABA	104-116	1	A:104-116
3	ACTINS_2	PS00432	Actins signature 2.	ACT2_PLABA	357-365	1	A:357-365

(no "Exon" information available for 4CBX)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

Reformat:	Number of residues per line = ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
	Number of residues per labelling interval =
	UniProt sequence: complete aligned part

Show mapping:	SCOP domains	CATH domains	Pfam domains	Secondary structure (by author)
	SAPs(SNPs)	PROSITE motifs	Exons
	(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)

Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:358
 aligned with ACT2_PLABA | Q4YU79 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:376

    Alignment length:369
                                    14        24        34        44        54        64        74        84        94       104       114       124       134       144       154       164       174       184       194       204       214       224       234       244       254       264       274       284       294       304       314       324       334       344       354       364         
           ACT2_PLABA     5 SIALVVDNGSGMVKSGLAGDDAPKCVFPSIIGIPKMPNIMVGMEQKECYVGDEAQNKRGILTLKYPIEHGIVTNWDDMEKIWRHTFFNELRVSPEEHPVLLTEAPLNPKTNREKMTQIMFESFDVPAMYVSIQAILSLYASGRTTGIVLDSGDGVTHTVPIYEGYVLPHAINRTDMAGRDLTYYMMKLFTERGYTFTTTAEREIVRDIKEKLCYIALDYDEELKKSEERTEEVEEMYELPDGNLITVGSERFRCPEALFNPSLIGRECPGLHITAYQSIMKCDIDIRKELYNNIVLSGGTTMYNYIGERLTNEMTSLAPPSMKIKVIAPPERKYSVWIGGSILSSLSTFQKMWITKEEYDESGPSIVHR 373
               SCOP domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ...eeeee...eeeeee.......eeee..eee.-----------...ee.hhhhhh....eee..ee..ee.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhh.eeeee....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....eeeeeehhhhhhhhh....eeeeee....eeeeeee..ee.....eee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.eeee.....eeee.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.....hhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhh.eeeehhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhhh.......ee...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eehhhhhhhhhhhh.. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ------------------------------------------------ACTINS_1   ----------------------------------------ACTINS_ACT_LI------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ACTINS_2 -------- PROSITE
                 Transcript --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 4cbx A   5 SIALVVDNGSGMVKSGLAGDDAPKCVFPSIIGIP-----------KECYVGDEAQNKRGILTLKYPIEHGIVTNWDDMEKIWRHTFFNELRVSPEEHPVLLTEAPLNPKTNREKMTQIMFESFDVPAMYVSIQAILSLYASGRTTGIVLDSGDGVTHTVPIYEGYVLPHAINRTDMAGRDLTYYMMKLFTERGYTFTTTAEREIVRDIKEKLCYIALDYDEELKKSEERTEEVEEMYELPDGNLITVGSERFRCPEALFNPSLIGRECPGLHITAYQSIMKCDIDIRKELYNNIVLSGGTTMYNYIGERLTNEMTSLAPPSMKIKVIAPPERKYSVWIGGSILSSLSTFQKMWITKEEYDESGPSIVHR 373
                                    14        24        34   |     -     |  54        64        74        84        94       104       114       124       134       144       154       164       174       184       194       204       214       224       234       244       254       264       274       284       294       304       314       324       334       344       354       364         
                                                            38          50

Chain G from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:122
 aligned with GELS_MOUSE | P13020 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:780

    Alignment length:122
                                    62        72        82        92       102       112       122       132       142       152       162       172  
           GELS_MOUSE    53 EHPEFLKAGKEPGLQIWRVEKFDLVPVPPNLYGDFFTGDAYVILKTVQLRNGNLQYDLHYWLGNECSQDESGAAAIFTVQLDDYLNGRAVQHREVQGFESSTFSGYFKSGLKYKKGGVASGF 174
               SCOP domains -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .hhhhhhh....eeeeeee....eee.hhhhh.eee...eeeeeeeee.....eeeeeeeee....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeeeee....hhhhhhh.....eee........ Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 4cbx G  28 EHPEFLKAGKEPGLQIWRVEKFDLVPVPPNLYGDFFTGDAYVILKTVQLRNGNLQYDLHYWLGNECSQDESGAAAIFTVQLDDYLNGRAVQHREVQGFESSTFSGYFKSGLKYKKGGVASGF 149
                                    37        47        57        67        77        87        97       107       117       127       137       147

Legend:		→ Mismatch	(orange background)
	-	→ Gap	(green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
		→ Modified Residue	(blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
	x	→ Chemical Group	(purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
	extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '\|'

(no "SCOP Domain" information available for 4CBX)

(no "CATH Domain" information available for 4CBX)

(no "Pfam Domain" information available for 4CBX)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)

Chain A (ACT2_PLABA | Q4YU79)

molecular function
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.
	GO:0000166	nucleotide binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose.
cellular component
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
	GO:0005856	cytoskeleton	Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles.

Chain G (GELS_MOUSE | P13020)

molecular function
	GO:0003779	actin binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments.
	GO:0005509	calcium ion binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+).
	GO:0046872	metal ion binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
	GO:0045159	myosin II binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a class II myosin, any member of the class of 'conventional' double-headed myosins that includes muscle myosin.
	GO:0005515	protein binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
	GO:0019904	protein domain specific binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific domain of a protein.
biological process
	GO:0051693	actin filament capping	The binding of a protein or protein complex to the end of an actin filament, thus preventing the addition, exchange or removal of further actin subunits.
	GO:0030041	actin filament polymerization	Assembly of actin filaments by the addition of actin monomers to a filament.
	GO:0090527	actin filament reorganization	A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in dynamic structural changes to the arrangement of actin filaments.
	GO:0051014	actin filament severing	The process in which an actin filament is broken down into smaller filaments.
	GO:0045010	actin nucleation	The initial step in the formation of an actin filament, in which actin monomers combine to form a new filament. Nucleation is slow relative to the subsequent addition of more monomers to extend the filament.
	GO:0008154	actin polymerization or depolymerization	Assembly or disassembly of actin filaments by the addition or removal of actin monomers from a filament.
	GO:0007568	aging	A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700).
	GO:1990000	amyloid fibril formation	The generation of amyloid fibrils, insoluble fibrous protein aggregates exhibiting beta sheet structure, from proteins. An example of this is seen when human RIP1 and RIP3 kinases form a heterodimeric functional amyloid signaling complex (PMID:22817896).
	GO:0006915	apoptotic process	A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died.
	GO:0051016	barbed-end actin filament capping	The binding of a protein or protein complex to the barbed (or plus) end of an actin filament, thus preventing the addition, exchange or removal of further actin subunits.
	GO:0030030	cell projection organization	A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon.
	GO:0071276	cellular response to cadmium ion	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cadmium (Cd) ion stimulus.
	GO:0060271	cilium assembly	The assembly of a cilium, a specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole.
	GO:0097284	hepatocyte apoptotic process	Any apoptotic process in a hepatocyte, the main structural component of the liver.
	GO:0046597	negative regulation of viral entry into host cell	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the entry of viral entry into a host cell.
	GO:0014003	oligodendrocyte development	The process aimed at the progression of an oligodendrocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. An oligodendrocyte is a type of glial cell involved in myelinating the axons in the central nervous system.
	GO:0006911	phagocytosis, engulfment	The internalization of bacteria, immune complexes and other particulate matter or of an apoptotic cell by phagocytosis, including the membrane and cytoskeletal processes required, which involves one of three mechanisms: zippering of pseudopods around a target via repeated receptor-ligand interactions, sinking of the target directly into plasma membrane of the phagocytosing cell, or induced uptake via an enhanced membrane ruffling of the phagocytosing cell similar to macropinocytosis.
	GO:0048015	phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling	A series of molecular signals in which a cell uses a phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling to convert a signal into a response. Phosphatidylinositols include phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives.
	GO:0051127	positive regulation of actin nucleation	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of actin nucleation, the initial step in the formation of an actin filament in which actin monomers combine to form a new filament.
	GO:2001269	positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway.
	GO:0010628	positive regulation of gene expression	Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
	GO:1902174	positive regulation of keratinocyte apoptotic process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte apoptotic process.
	GO:1903923	positive regulation of protein processing in phagocytic vesicle	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein processing in phagocytic vesicle.
	GO:0031648	protein destabilization	Any process that decreases the stability of a protein, making it more vulnerable to degradative processes or aggregation.
	GO:0030155	regulation of cell adhesion	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a cell to another cell or to the extracellular matrix.
	GO:1903903	regulation of establishment of T cell polarity	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of T cell polarity.
	GO:1903906	regulation of plasma membrane raft polarization	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of plasma membrane raft polarization.
	GO:0071801	regulation of podosome assembly	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of podosome assembly.
	GO:1903909	regulation of receptor clustering	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of receptor clustering.
	GO:1903689	regulation of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells.
	GO:0097017	renal protein absorption	A renal system process in which proteins are taken up from the collecting ducts, glomerulus and proximal and distal loops of the nephron. In non-mammalian species, absorption may occur in related structures (e.g. protein absorption is observed in nephrocytes in Drosophila, see PMID:23264686).
	GO:0045471	response to ethanol	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ethanol stimulus.
	GO:0051593	response to folic acid	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a folic acid stimulus.
	GO:0042989	sequestering of actin monomers	The selective interaction of actin monomers with specific molecules that inhibit their polymerization by preventing their access to other monomers.
	GO:0014891	striated muscle atrophy	A process, occurring in striated muscle, that is characterized by a decrease in protein content, fiber diameter, force production and fatigue resistance in response to different conditions such as starvation, aging and disuse.
	GO:0042246	tissue regeneration	The regrowth of lost or destroyed tissues.
	GO:0016192	vesicle-mediated transport	A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane.
	GO:0042060	wound healing	The series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury.
cellular component
	GO:0030478	actin cap	Polarized accumulation of cytoskeletal proteins (including F-actin) and regulatory proteins in a cell. An example of this is the actin cap found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
	GO:0015629	actin cytoskeleton	The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes.
	GO:0072562	blood microparticle	A phospholipid microvesicle that is derived from any of several cell types, such as platelets, blood cells, endothelial cells, or others, and contains membrane receptors as well as other proteins characteristic of the parental cell. Microparticles are heterogeneous in size, and are characterized as microvesicles free of nucleic acids.
	GO:0030864	cortical actin cytoskeleton	The portion of the actin cytoskeleton, comprising filamentous actin and associated proteins, that lies just beneath the plasma membrane.
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
	GO:0005856	cytoskeleton	Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles.
	GO:0005829	cytosol	The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
	GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
	GO:0005576	extracellular region	The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
	GO:0005615	extracellular space	That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
	GO:0005925	focal adhesion	Small region on the surface of a cell that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments.
	GO:0030027	lamellipodium	A thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of a migrating cell or extending cell process; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments.
	GO:0043209	myelin sheath	An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system.
	GO:0005634	nucleus	A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
	GO:0048471	perinuclear region of cytoplasm	Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus.
	GO:0005886	plasma membrane	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
	GO:0002102	podosome	An actin-rich adhesion structure characterized by formation upon cell substrate contact and localization at the substrate-attached part of the cell, contain an F-actin-rich core surrounded by a ring structure containing proteins such as vinculin and talin, and have a diameter of 0.5 mm.
	GO:0043234	protein complex	A stable macromolecular complex composed (only) of two or more polypeptide subunits along with any covalently attached molecules (such as lipid anchors or oligosaccharide) or non-protein prosthetic groups (such as nucleotides or metal ions). Prosthetic group in this context refers to a tightly bound cofactor. The component polypeptide subunits may be identical.
	GO:0001726	ruffle	Projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell; the protrusions are supported by a microfilament meshwork.
	GO:0016528	sarcoplasm	The cytoplasm of a muscle cell; includes the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
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	Cis Peptide Bonds
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	4cbx
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		Structure Alignment	:	STRAP(Java WebStart application, automatic local installation, requires Java; full application with system access!)
		Structure and Sequence Browser	:	STING

Access by UniProt ID/Accession number
	ACT2_PLABA \| Q4YU79
		Protein Disorder Prediction	:	DisEMBL \| FoldIndex \| GLOBPLOT (for more information see DisProt)
	GELS_MOUSE \| P13020
		Protein Disorder Prediction	:	DisEMBL \| FoldIndex \| GLOBPLOT (for more information see DisProt)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
	GELS_MOUSE \| P13020	:	1nph 4cbu 4cbw 5mvv

4cbu	CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM ACTIN I
4cbw	CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF PLASMODIUM BERGHEI ACTIN I WITH D -LOOP FROM MUSCLE ACTIN

Description

Compounds

Structural Features

Chains, Units

Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions (5, 8)

Sites (8, 8)

SS Bonds (0, 0)

Cis Peptide Bonds (2, 2)

Sequence-Structure Mapping

SAPs(SNPs)/Variants (0, 0)

PROSITE Motifs (3, 3)

Exons (0, 0)

Sequences/Alignments

Classification and Annotation

SCOP Domains (0, 0)

CATH Domains (0, 0)

Pfam Domains (0, 0)

Gene Ontology (66, 68)

Visualization

Interactive Views

Still Images

Databases and Analysis Tools

Databases

Analysis Tools

Related Entries

Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

Related Entries Specified in the PDB File