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(-) Description

Title :  CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF PLASMODIUM BERGHEI ACTIN I WITH D-LOOP FROM MUSCLE ACTIN
 
Authors :  J. Vahokoski, S. P. Bhargav, A. Desfosses, M. Andreadaki, E. P. Kumpula A. Ignatev, S. Munico Martinez, S. Lepper, F. Frischknecht, I. Siden C. Sachse, I. Kursula
Date :  17 Oct 13  (Deposition) - 30 Apr 14  (Release) - 15 Mar 17  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  2.50
Chains :  Asym./Biol. Unit :  A,G
Keywords :  Motor Protein, Malaria, Motility, Parasite (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  J. Vahokoski, S. P. Bhargav, A. Desfosses, M. Andreadaki, E. Kumpula, S. M. Martinez, A. Ignatev, S. Lepper, F. Frischknecht, I. Siden-Kiamos, C. Sachse, I. Kursula
Structural Differences Explain Diverse Functions Of Plasmodium Actins.
Plos Pathog. V. 10 4091 2014
PubMed-ID: 24743229  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PPAT.1004091

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - ACTIN, ALPHA SKELETAL MUSCLE, ACTIN
    ChainsA
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemSPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA
    Expression System CommonFALL ARMYWORM
    Expression System StrainSF21
    Expression System Taxid7108
    Expression System Vector TypeBACULOVIRUS
    FragmentACTIN RESIDUES 2-39, ALPHA SKELETAL MUSCLE RESIDUES 40-61,
    Organism ScientificPLASMODIUM BERGHEI, SYNTHETIC CONSTRUCT
    Organism Taxid5821, 32630
    Other DetailsRESIDUES 40-61 REPLACED BY THOSE OF SKELETAL MUSCLE ACTIN
    SynonymACTIN I, ALPHA-ACTIN-1, ACTIN
 
Molecule 2 - GELSOLIN
    ChainsG
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemESCHERICHIA COLI
    Expression System StrainBL21(DE3)
    Expression System Taxid469008
    Expression System VariantROSETTA
    FragmentG1 DOMAIN, RESIDUES 25-149
    Organism CommonHOUSE MOUSE
    Organism ScientificMUS MUSCULUS
    Organism Taxid10090
    SynonymACTIN-DEPOLYMERIZING FACTOR, ADF, BREVIN, GELSOLIN G1

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  12
Asymmetric/Biological Unit AG

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (3, 5)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (3, 5)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1ATP1Ligand/IonADENOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE
2CA3Ligand/IonCALCIUM ION
3DIO1Ligand/Ion1,4-DIETHYLENE DIOXIDE

(-) Sites  (5, 5)

Asymmetric Unit (5, 5)
No.NameEvidenceResiduesDescription
1AC1SOFTWAREATP A:1379 , HOH A:2003 , HOH A:2005 , HOH A:2006 , HOH A:2015 , HOH A:2022BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE CA A 1377
2AC2SOFTWAREGLU A:168 , HOH A:2024 , HOH A:2025 , ASP G:109 , GLY G:114 , ALA G:116BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE CA G 1150
3AC3SOFTWAREGLY G:65 , ASP G:66 , GLU G:97 , VAL G:145 , HOH G:2006 , HOH G:2015BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE CA G 1151
4AC4SOFTWARETYR A:144 , TYR A:170 , PHE A:376 , GLN G:107BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE DIO A 1378
5AC5SOFTWAREGLY A:14 , SER A:15 , GLY A:16 , ASN A:17 , LYS A:19 , GLY A:157 , ASP A:158 , GLY A:159 , VAL A:160 , GLY A:183 , LYS A:214 , GLU A:215 , GLY A:303 , THR A:304 , MET A:306 , CA A:1377 , HOH A:2006 , HOH A:2007 , HOH A:2021 , HOH A:2022BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ATP A 1379

(-) SS Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "SS Bond" information available for 4CBW)

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (1, 1)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
No.Residues
1Gln A:50 -Lys A:51

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (0, 0)

(no "SAP(SNP)/Variant" information available for 4CBW)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (3, 3)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (3, 3)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1ACTINS_1PS00406 Actins signature 1.ACT1_PLABA54-64  1A:55-64
2ACTINS_ACT_LIKEPS01132 Actins and actin-related proteins signature.ACT1_PLABA104-116  1A:105-117
3ACTINS_2PS00432 Actins signature 2.ACT1_PLABA356-364  1A:357-365

(-) Exons   (0, 0)

(no "Exon" information available for 4CBW)

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:367
 aligned with ACT1_PLABA | Q4Z1L3 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:375

    Alignment length:372
                                                                                                                          100                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                         99 |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
                                    14        24        34        44        54        64        74        84        94    | |103       113       123       133       143       153       163       173       183       193       203       213       223       233       243       253       263       273       283       293       303       313       323       333       343       353       363       373  
           ACT1_PLABA     5 EVQALVIDNGSGNVKAGVAGDDAPRSVFPSIVGRPKNPGIMVGMEEKDAFVGDEAQTKRGILTLKYPIEHGIVTNWDDMEKIWHHTFYNELRAAP-EHPVLLTEAPLNPKGNRERMTQIMFESFNVPAMYVAIQAVLSLYSSGRTTGIVLDSGDGVSHTVPIYEGYALPHAIMRLDLAGRDLTEYLMKILHERGYGFSTSAEKEIVRDIKEKLCYIALNFDEEMKTSEQSSDIEKSYELPDGNIITVGNERFRCPEALFQPSFLGKEAAGIHTTTFNSIKKCDVDIRKDLYGNIVLSGGTTMYEGIGERLTRDITTLAPSTMKIKVVAPLERKYSVWIGGSILSSLSTFQQMWITKEEYDESGPSIVHRKCF 375
               SCOP domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SCOP domains
               CATH domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CATH domains
               Pfam domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ....eeee....eeeeee.......eeee..eeee..-----.......eehhhhhhhhh.eeee..ee..ee.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhh.eeeee....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....eeeeeehhhhhhhhh....eeeeee....eeeeeee..ee.hhhheee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh......hhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhhh....eeee.....eeee.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhh.eeeehhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhhh.......ee......hhhhhhhhhhh...hhhhh.eehhhhhhhh..hhhhhh. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE -------------------------------------------------ACTINS_1   ----------------------------------------ACTINS_ACT_LI-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ACTINS_2 ----------- PROSITE
                 Transcript ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Transcript
                 4cbw A   5 EVQALVIDNGSGNVKAGVAGDDAPRSVFPSIVGRPRH-----GMGQKDSYVGDEAQSKRGILTLKYPIEHGIVTNWDDMEKIWHHTFYNELRAAPEEHPVLLTEAPLNPKGNRERMTQIMFESFNVPAMYVAIQAVLSLYSSGRTTGIVLDSGDGVSHTVPIYEGYALPHAIMRLDLAGRDLTEYLMKILHERGYGFSTSAEKEIVRDIKEKLCYIALNFDEEMKTSEQSSDIEKSYELPDGNIITVGNERFRCPEALFQPSFLGKEAAGIHTTTFNSIKKCDVDIRKDLYGNIVLSGGTTMYEGIGERLTRDITTLAPSTMKIKVVAPPERKYSVWIGGSILSSLSTFQQMWITKEEYDESGPSIVHRKCF 376
                                    14        24        34      |  -  |     54        64        74        84        94       104       114       124       134       144       154       164       174       184       194       204       214       224       234       244       254       264       274       284       294       304       314       324       334       344       354       364       374  
                                                               41    47                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

Chain G from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:123
 aligned with GELS_MOUSE | P13020 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:780

    Alignment length:123
                                    61        71        81        91       101       111       121       131       141       151       161       171   
           GELS_MOUSE    52 VEHPEFLKAGKEPGLQIWRVEKFDLVPVPPNLYGDFFTGDAYVILKTVQLRNGNLQYDLHYWLGNECSQDESGAAAIFTVQLDDYLNGRAVQHREVQGFESSTFSGYFKSGLKYKKGGVASGF 174
               SCOP domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ..hhhhhhh....eeeeeee....eee.hhhhh.eee...eeeeeeeee.....eeeeeeeee....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeeeee....hhhhhh......eee........ Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 4cbw G  27 VEHPEFLKAGKEPGLQIWRVEKFDLVPVPPNLYGDFFTGDAYVILKTVQLRNGNLQYDLHYWLGNECSQDESGAAAIFTVQLDDYLNGRAVQHREVQGFESSTFSGYFKSGLKYKKGGVASGF 149
                                    36        46        56        66        76        86        96       106       116       126       136       146   

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (0, 0)

(no "SCOP Domain" information available for 4CBW)

(-) CATH Domains  (0, 0)

(no "CATH Domain" information available for 4CBW)

(-) Pfam Domains  (0, 0)

(no "Pfam Domain" information available for 4CBW)

(-) Gene Ontology  (66, 68)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A   (ACT1_PLABA | Q4Z1L3)
molecular function
    GO:0005524    ATP binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.
    GO:0000166    nucleotide binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose.
cellular component
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0005856    cytoskeleton    Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles.

Chain G   (GELS_MOUSE | P13020)
molecular function
    GO:0003779    actin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments.
    GO:0005509    calcium ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+).
    GO:0046872    metal ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
    GO:0045159    myosin II binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a class II myosin, any member of the class of 'conventional' double-headed myosins that includes muscle myosin.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0019904    protein domain specific binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific domain of a protein.
biological process
    GO:0051693    actin filament capping    The binding of a protein or protein complex to the end of an actin filament, thus preventing the addition, exchange or removal of further actin subunits.
    GO:0030041    actin filament polymerization    Assembly of actin filaments by the addition of actin monomers to a filament.
    GO:0090527    actin filament reorganization    A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in dynamic structural changes to the arrangement of actin filaments.
    GO:0051014    actin filament severing    The process in which an actin filament is broken down into smaller filaments.
    GO:0045010    actin nucleation    The initial step in the formation of an actin filament, in which actin monomers combine to form a new filament. Nucleation is slow relative to the subsequent addition of more monomers to extend the filament.
    GO:0008154    actin polymerization or depolymerization    Assembly or disassembly of actin filaments by the addition or removal of actin monomers from a filament.
    GO:0007568    aging    A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700).
    GO:1990000    amyloid fibril formation    The generation of amyloid fibrils, insoluble fibrous protein aggregates exhibiting beta sheet structure, from proteins. An example of this is seen when human RIP1 and RIP3 kinases form a heterodimeric functional amyloid signaling complex (PMID:22817896).
    GO:0006915    apoptotic process    A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died.
    GO:0051016    barbed-end actin filament capping    The binding of a protein or protein complex to the barbed (or plus) end of an actin filament, thus preventing the addition, exchange or removal of further actin subunits.
    GO:0030030    cell projection organization    A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon.
    GO:0071276    cellular response to cadmium ion    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cadmium (Cd) ion stimulus.
    GO:0060271    cilium assembly    The assembly of a cilium, a specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole.
    GO:0097284    hepatocyte apoptotic process    Any apoptotic process in a hepatocyte, the main structural component of the liver.
    GO:0046597    negative regulation of viral entry into host cell    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the entry of viral entry into a host cell.
    GO:0014003    oligodendrocyte development    The process aimed at the progression of an oligodendrocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. An oligodendrocyte is a type of glial cell involved in myelinating the axons in the central nervous system.
    GO:0006911    phagocytosis, engulfment    The internalization of bacteria, immune complexes and other particulate matter or of an apoptotic cell by phagocytosis, including the membrane and cytoskeletal processes required, which involves one of three mechanisms: zippering of pseudopods around a target via repeated receptor-ligand interactions, sinking of the target directly into plasma membrane of the phagocytosing cell, or induced uptake via an enhanced membrane ruffling of the phagocytosing cell similar to macropinocytosis.
    GO:0048015    phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling    A series of molecular signals in which a cell uses a phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling to convert a signal into a response. Phosphatidylinositols include phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives.
    GO:0051127    positive regulation of actin nucleation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of actin nucleation, the initial step in the formation of an actin filament in which actin monomers combine to form a new filament.
    GO:2001269    positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway.
    GO:0010628    positive regulation of gene expression    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
    GO:1902174    positive regulation of keratinocyte apoptotic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte apoptotic process.
    GO:1903923    positive regulation of protein processing in phagocytic vesicle    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein processing in phagocytic vesicle.
    GO:0031648    protein destabilization    Any process that decreases the stability of a protein, making it more vulnerable to degradative processes or aggregation.
    GO:0030155    regulation of cell adhesion    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a cell to another cell or to the extracellular matrix.
    GO:1903903    regulation of establishment of T cell polarity    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of T cell polarity.
    GO:1903906    regulation of plasma membrane raft polarization    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of plasma membrane raft polarization.
    GO:0071801    regulation of podosome assembly    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of podosome assembly.
    GO:1903909    regulation of receptor clustering    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of receptor clustering.
    GO:1903689    regulation of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells.
    GO:0097017    renal protein absorption    A renal system process in which proteins are taken up from the collecting ducts, glomerulus and proximal and distal loops of the nephron. In non-mammalian species, absorption may occur in related structures (e.g. protein absorption is observed in nephrocytes in Drosophila, see PMID:23264686).
    GO:0045471    response to ethanol    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ethanol stimulus.
    GO:0051593    response to folic acid    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a folic acid stimulus.
    GO:0042989    sequestering of actin monomers    The selective interaction of actin monomers with specific molecules that inhibit their polymerization by preventing their access to other monomers.
    GO:0014891    striated muscle atrophy    A process, occurring in striated muscle, that is characterized by a decrease in protein content, fiber diameter, force production and fatigue resistance in response to different conditions such as starvation, aging and disuse.
    GO:0042246    tissue regeneration    The regrowth of lost or destroyed tissues.
    GO:0016192    vesicle-mediated transport    A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane.
    GO:0042060    wound healing    The series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury.
cellular component
    GO:0030478    actin cap    Polarized accumulation of cytoskeletal proteins (including F-actin) and regulatory proteins in a cell. An example of this is the actin cap found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
    GO:0015629    actin cytoskeleton    The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes.
    GO:0072562    blood microparticle    A phospholipid microvesicle that is derived from any of several cell types, such as platelets, blood cells, endothelial cells, or others, and contains membrane receptors as well as other proteins characteristic of the parental cell. Microparticles are heterogeneous in size, and are characterized as microvesicles free of nucleic acids.
    GO:0030864    cortical actin cytoskeleton    The portion of the actin cytoskeleton, comprising filamentous actin and associated proteins, that lies just beneath the plasma membrane.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0005856    cytoskeleton    Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles.
    GO:0005829    cytosol    The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
    GO:0070062    extracellular exosome    A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
    GO:0005576    extracellular region    The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
    GO:0005615    extracellular space    That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
    GO:0005925    focal adhesion    Small region on the surface of a cell that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments.
    GO:0030027    lamellipodium    A thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of a migrating cell or extending cell process; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments.
    GO:0043209    myelin sheath    An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system.
    GO:0005634    nucleus    A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
    GO:0048471    perinuclear region of cytoplasm    Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
    GO:0002102    podosome    An actin-rich adhesion structure characterized by formation upon cell substrate contact and localization at the substrate-attached part of the cell, contain an F-actin-rich core surrounded by a ring structure containing proteins such as vinculin and talin, and have a diameter of 0.5 mm.
    GO:0043234    protein complex    A stable macromolecular complex composed (only) of two or more polypeptide subunits along with any covalently attached molecules (such as lipid anchors or oligosaccharide) or non-protein prosthetic groups (such as nucleotides or metal ions). Prosthetic group in this context refers to a tightly bound cofactor. The component polypeptide subunits may be identical.
    GO:0001726    ruffle    Projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell; the protrusions are supported by a microfilament meshwork.
    GO:0016528    sarcoplasm    The cytoplasm of a muscle cell; includes the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

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 Related Entries

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        GELS_MOUSE | P130201nph 4cbu 4cbx 5mvv

(-) Related Entries Specified in the PDB File

4cbu CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM ACTIN I
4cbx CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF PLASMODIUM BERGHEI ACTIN II