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Asym./Biol. Unit (Jmol Viewer)

Asym./Biol. Unit - sites (Jmol Viewer)

Title :   CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE HUMAN KLHL11-CUL3 COMPLEX AT 2.8A RESOLUTION

Authors :   P. Canning, C. D. O. Cooper, T. Krojer, P. Filippakopoulos, V. Ayinampu C. H. Arrowsmith, A. M. Edwards, C. Bountra, F. Von Delft, A. N. Bulloc Structural Genomics Consortium (Sgc)

Date :   30 Mar 12 (Deposition) - 09 May 12 (Release) - 27 Mar 13 (Revision)

Method :   X-RAY DIFFRACTION

Resolution :   2.80

Chains :   Asym./Biol. Unit : A,B

Keywords :   Ubiquitination, E3 Ligase, Cell Cycle (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google)] )

Reference :   P. Canning, C. D. O. Cooper, T. Krojer, J. W. Murray, A. C. W. Pike, A. Chaikuad, T. Keates, C. Thangaratnarajah, V. Hojzan, B. D. Marsden O. Gileadi, S. Knapp, F. Von Delft, A. N. Bullock
Structural Basis For Cul3 Assembly With The Btb-Kelch Family Of E3 Ubiquitin Ligases.
J. Biol. Chem. V. 288 7803 2013
PubMed-ID: 23349464 | Reference-DOI: 10.1074/JBC.M112.437996

Molecule 1 - KELCH-LIKE PROTEIN 11
	Chains	:	A
	Engineered	:	YES
	Expression System	:	ESCHERICHIA COLI
	Expression System Plasmid	:	PNIC28-BSA4
	Expression System Strain	:	BL21(DE3)
	Expression System Taxid	:	469008
	Expression System Variant	:	R3 PRARE2
	Expression System Vector Type	:	PLASMID
	Fragment	:	BTB AND BACK DOMAIN, RESIDUES 67-340
	Organism Common	:	HUMAN
	Organism Scientific	:	HOMO SAPIENS
	Organism Taxid	:	9606

Molecule 2 - CULLIN-3
	Chains	:	B
	Engineered	:	YES
	Expression System	:	ESCHERICHIA COLI
	Expression System Plasmid	:	PNIC-CTHF
	Expression System Strain	:	BL21(DE3)
	Expression System Taxid	:	469008
	Expression System Variant	:	R3
	Expression System Vector Type	:	PLASMID
	Fragment	:	N-TERMINAL DOMAIN, RESIDUES 1-388
	Mutation	:	YES
	Organism Common	:	HUMAN
	Organism Scientific	:	HOMO SAPIENS
	Organism Taxid	:	9606
	Synonym	:	CUL-3

		1	2
Asymmetric/Biological Unit	:	A	B

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (3, 6)

No.	Name	Count	Type	Full Name
1	CL	1	Ligand/Ion	CHLORIDE ION
2	EDO	4	Ligand/Ion	1,2-ETHANEDIOL
3	IOD	1	Ligand/Ion	IODIDE ION

Asymmetric Unit (6, 6)

No.	Name	Evidence	Residues	Description
1	AC1	SOFTWARE	ARG A:88 , ARG A:109 , GLU A:155	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE EDO A 500
2	AC2	SOFTWARE	TYR A:160 , ARG A:187	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE IOD A 501
3	AC3	SOFTWARE	LEU B:288 , TYR B:320	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE CL B 500
4	AC4	SOFTWARE	ARG B:78	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE EDO B 501
5	AC5	SOFTWARE	GLU B:294	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE EDO B 502
6	AC6	SOFTWARE	LEU A:222	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE EDO B 504

(no "SS Bond" information available for 4AP2)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 4AP2)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (1, 1)

								dbSNP	PDB
No.	Source	Variant ID	Variant			UniProt ID	Status	ID	Chain	Variant
1	UniProt	VAR_048839	R	184	S	CUL3_HUMAN	Polymorphism	17480168	B	R	184	S

SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (1, 1)

	PROSITE			UniProtKB		PDB
No.	ID	AC	Description	ID	Location	Count	Location
1	BTB	PS50097	BTB domain profile.	KLH11_HUMAN	94-170	1	A:94-170

(no "Exon" information available for 4AP2)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

Reformat:	Number of residues per line = ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
	Number of residues per labelling interval =
	UniProt sequence: complete aligned part

Show mapping:	SCOP domains	CATH domains	Pfam domains	Secondary structure (by author)
	SAPs(SNPs)	PROSITE motifs	Exons
	(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)

Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:266
 aligned with KLH11_HUMAN | Q9NVR0 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:708

    Alignment length:270
                                    76        86        96       106       116       126       136       146       156       166       176       186       196       206       216       226       236       246       256       266       276       286       296       306       316       326       336
          KLH11_HUMAN    67 EAEDFECSSHCSELSWRQNEQRRQGLFCDITLCFGGAGGREFRAHRSVLAAATEYFTPLLSGQFSESRSGRVEMRKWSSEPGPEPDTVEAVIEYMYTGRIRVSTGSVHEVLELADRFLLIRLKEFCGEFLKKKLHLSNCVAIHSLAHMYTLSQLALKAADMIRRNFHKVIQDEEFYTLPFHLIRDWLSDLEITVDSEEVLFETVLKWVQRNAEERERYFEELFKLLRLSQMKPTYLTRHVKPERLVANNEVCVKLVADAVERHALRAENI 336
               SCOP domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SCOP domains
               CATH domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CATH domains
               Pfam domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.....eeee.----..eeeehhhhhhhhh.hhhhhh....hhhhhheee..........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.......hhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhh.....hhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ---------------------------BTB  PDB: A:94-170 UniProt: 94-170                                           ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Transcript
                 4ap2 A  67 EAEDFECSSHCSELSWRQNEQRRQGLFCDITLCF----GREFRAHRSVLAAATEYFTPLLSGQFSESRSGRVEMRKWSSEPGPEPDTVEAVIEYMYTGRIRVSTGSVHEVLELADRFLLIRLKEFCGEFLKKKLHLSNCVAIHSLAHMYTLSQLALKAADMIRRNFHKVIQDEEFYTLPFHLIRDWLSDLEITVDSEEVLFETVLKWVQRNAEERERYFEELFKLLRLSQMKPTYLTRHVKPERLVANNEVCVKLVADAVERHALRAENI 336
                                    76        86        96   |   106       116       126       136       146       156       166       176       186       196       206       216       226       236       246       256       266       276       286       296       306       316       326       336
                                                           100  105

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:359
 aligned with CUL3_HUMAN | Q13618 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:768

    Alignment length:365
                                    26        36        46        56        66        76        86        96       106       116       126       136       146       156       166       176       186       196       206       216       226       236       246       256       266       276       286       296       306       316       326       336       346       356       366       376     
           CUL3_HUMAN    17 RIRAFPMTMDEKYVNSIWDLLKNAIQEIQRKNNSGLSFEELYRNAYTMVLHKHGEKLYTGLREVVTEHLINKVREDVLNSLNNNFLQTLNQAWNDHQTAMVMIRDILMYMDRVYVQQNNVENVYNLGLIIFRDQVVRYGCIRDHLRQTLLDMIARERKGEVVDRGAIRNACQMLMILGLEGRSVYEEDFEAPFLEMSAEFFQMESQKFLAENSASVYIKKVEARINEEIERVMHCLDKSTEEPIVKVVERELISKHMKTIVEMENSGLVHMLKNGKTEDLGCMYKLFSRVPNGLKTMCECMSSYLREQGKALVSEEGEGKNPVDYIQGLLDLKSRFDRFLLESFNNDRLFKQTIAGDFEYFLNLN 381
               SCOP domains d4ap2b_ B: automated matches                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  SCOP domains
               CATH domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..hhhhhhh....hhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh------hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------S----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 4ap2 B  17 RIRAFPMTMDEKYVNSIWDLLKNAIQEIQRKNNSGLSFEELYRNAYTMVLHKHGEKLYTGLREVVTEHLINKVREDVLNSLNNNFLQTLNQAWNDHQTAMVMIRDILMYMDRVYVQQNNVENVYNLGLIIFRDQVVRYGCIRDHLRQTLLDMIARERKGEVVDRGAIRNACQMLMILGLEGRSVYEEDFEAPFLEMSAEFFQMESQKFLAENSASVYIKKVEARINEEIERVMHCLDKSTEEPIVKVVERELISKHMKTIVEMENSGLVHMLKNGKTEDLGCMYKLFSRVPNGLKTMCECMSSYLREQGKALVSE------PVDYRQGLDDLKSRFDRFLLESFNNDRLFKQTIAGDFEYFLNLN 381
                                    26        36        46        56        66        76        86        96       106       116       126       136       146       156       166       176       186       196       206       216       226       236       246       256       266       276       286       296       306       316       326    |    - |     346       356       366       376     
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    331    338

Legend:		→ Mismatch	(orange background)
	-	→ Gap	(green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
		→ Modified Residue	(blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
	x	→ Chemical Group	(purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
	extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '\|'

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

Classes(

)

Folds(

)

Superfamilies( (-)

)

Families(

)

Protein Domains( (-)

)

Organisms( (-)

)

Class: All alpha proteins (14657)

Fold: alpha-alpha superhelix (690)

Superfamily: Cullin repeat-like (11)

Family: automated matches (3)

Protein domain: automated matches (3)

Human (Homo sapiens) [TaxId: 9606] (2)

d4ap2b_

(no "CATH Domain" information available for 4AP2)

(no "Pfam Domain" information available for 4AP2)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)

Chain A (KLH11_HUMAN | Q9NVR0)

Chain B (CUL3_HUMAN | Q13618)

molecular function
	GO:0031208	POZ domain binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain of a protein, a protein-protein interaction domain found in many transcription factors.
	GO:0030332	cyclin binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with cyclins, proteins whose levels in a cell varies markedly during the cell cycle, rising steadily until mitosis, then falling abruptly to zero. As cyclins reach a threshold level, they are thought to drive cells into G2 phase and thus to mitosis.
	GO:0005515	protein binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
	GO:0046982	protein heterodimerization activity	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nonidentical protein to form a heterodimer.
	GO:0042803	protein homodimerization activity	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer.
	GO:0061630	ubiquitin protein ligase activity	Catalysis of the transfer of ubiquitin to a substrate protein via the reaction X-ubiquitin + S -> X + S-ubiquitin, where X is either an E2 or E3 enzyme, the X-ubiquitin linkage is a thioester bond, and the S-ubiquitin linkage is an amide bond: an isopeptide bond between the C-terminal glycine of ubiquitin and the epsilon-amino group of lysine residues in the substrate or, in the linear extension of ubiquitin chains, a peptide bond the between the C-terminal glycine and N-terminal methionine of ubiquitin residues.
	GO:0031625	ubiquitin protein ligase binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins.
	GO:0004842	ubiquitin-protein transferase activity	Catalysis of the transfer of ubiquitin from one protein to another via the reaction X-Ub + Y --> Y-Ub + X, where both X-Ub and Y-Ub are covalent linkages.
biological process
	GO:0048208	COPII vesicle coating	The addition of COPII proteins and adaptor proteins to ER membranes during the formation of transport vesicles, forming a vesicle coat.
	GO:0006888	ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport	The directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi.
	GO:0000082	G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle	The mitotic cell cycle transition by which a cell in G1 commits to S phase. The process begins with the build up of G1 cyclin-dependent kinase (G1 CDK), resulting in the activation of transcription of G1 cyclins. The process ends with the positive feedback of the G1 cyclins on the G1 CDK which commits the cell to S phase, in which DNA replication is initiated.
	GO:0000165	MAPK cascade	An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a MAPK, a MAPKK and a MAP3K. The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell.
	GO:0016055	Wnt signaling pathway	The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state.
	GO:0007050	cell cycle arrest	A regulatory process that halts progression through the cell cycle during one of the normal phases (G1, S, G2, M).
	GO:0016477	cell migration	The controlled self-propelled movement of a cell from one site to a destination guided by molecular cues. Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms.
	GO:0000902	cell morphogenesis	The developmental process in which the size or shape of a cell is generated and organized.
	GO:0030030	cell projection organization	A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon.
	GO:0040016	embryonic cleavage	The first few specialized divisions of an activated animal egg.
	GO:0044346	fibroblast apoptotic process	Any apoptotic process in a fibroblast, a connective tissue cell which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.
	GO:0007369	gastrulation	A complex and coordinated series of cellular movements that occurs at the end of cleavage during embryonic development of most animals. The details of gastrulation vary from species to species, but usually result in the formation of the three primary germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm.
	GO:0001701	in utero embryonic development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo in the uterus over time, from formation of the zygote in the oviduct, to birth. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.
	GO:0007229	integrin-mediated signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of extracellular ligand to an integrin on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
	GO:0097193	intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	A series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with reception of an intracellular signal (e.g. DNA damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress etc.), and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. The intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway is crucially regulated by permeabilization of the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOMP).
	GO:0072576	liver morphogenesis	The process in which the anatomical structures of the liver are generated and organized.
	GO:0000278	mitotic cell cycle	Progression through the phases of the mitotic cell cycle, the most common eukaryotic cell cycle, which canonically comprises four successive phases called G1, S, G2, and M and includes replication of the genome and the subsequent segregation of chromosomes into daughter cells. In some variant cell cycles nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division, or G1 and G2 phases may be absent.
	GO:0007080	mitotic metaphase plate congression	The cell cycle process in which chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate, a plane halfway between the poles of the mitotic spindle, during mitosis.
	GO:0035024	negative regulation of Rho protein signal transduction	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction.
	GO:0090090	negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.
	GO:0000122	negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
	GO:0008284	positive regulation of cell proliferation	Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
	GO:0032467	positive regulation of cytokinesis	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the division of the cytoplasm of a cell, and its separation into two daughter cells.
	GO:0045842	positive regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the cell cycle process in which a cell progresses from metaphase to anaphase during mitosis, triggered by the activation of the anaphase promoting complex by Cdc20/Sleepy homolog which results in the degradation of Securin.
	GO:0043161	proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome.
	GO:0006513	protein monoubiquitination	Addition of a single ubiquitin group to a protein.
	GO:0000209	protein polyubiquitination	Addition of multiple ubiquitin groups to a protein, forming a ubiquitin chain.
	GO:0016567	protein ubiquitination	The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein.
	GO:0042787	protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	The process in which a ubiquitin group, or multiple groups, are covalently attached to the target protein, thereby initiating the degradation of that protein.
	GO:0006357	regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
	GO:0017145	stem cell division	The self-renewing division of a stem cell. A stem cell is an undifferentiated cell, in the embryo or adult, that can undergo unlimited division and give rise to one or several different cell types.
	GO:0043149	stress fiber assembly	The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a stress fiber. A stress fiber is a contractile actin filament bundle that consists of short actin filaments with alternating polarity.
	GO:0006810	transport	The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) or cellular components (such as complexes and organelles) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter, pore or motor protein.
	GO:0001831	trophectodermal cellular morphogenesis	The morphogenesis of trophectoderm cells.
	GO:0006511	ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein.
	GO:0016192	vesicle-mediated transport	A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane.
cellular component
	GO:0031463	Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex	A ubiquitin ligase complex in which a cullin from the Cul3 subfamily and a RING domain protein form the catalytic core; substrate specificity is conferred by a BTB-domain-containing protein.
	GO:0005794	Golgi apparatus	A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.
	GO:0000139	Golgi membrane	The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus.
	GO:0031461	cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase complex	Any ubiquitin ligase complex in which the catalytic core consists of a member of the cullin family and a RING domain protein; the core is associated with one or more additional proteins that confer substrate specificity.
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
	GO:0005829	cytosol	The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
	GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
	GO:0016020	membrane	A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
	GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.
	GO:0005634	nucleus	A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
	GO:0005827	polar microtubule	Any of the spindle microtubules that come from each pole and overlap at the spindle midzone. This interdigitating structure consisting of antiparallel microtubules is responsible for pushing the poles of the spindle apart.

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
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	4ap2
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	KLH11_HUMAN \| Q9NVR0
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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
	CUL3_HUMAN \| Q13618	:	2myl 2mym 4apf 4eoz 4hxi 5nlb
	KLH11_HUMAN \| Q9NVR0	:	3i3n 4apf

(no "Related Entries Specified in the PDB File" available for 4AP2)

Description

Compounds

Structural Features

Chains, Units

Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions (3, 6)

Sites (6, 6)

SS Bonds (0, 0)

Cis Peptide Bonds (0, 0)

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SAPs(SNPs)/Variants (1, 1)

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