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(-) Description

Title :  CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE CATALYTIC DOMAIN OF BOTULINUM NEUROTOXIN SEROTYPE A WITH A SUBSTRATE ANALOG PEPTIDE
 
Authors :  D. Kumaran, S. Swaminathan
Date :  05 Jun 08  (Deposition) - 16 Sep 08  (Release) - 09 Jun 09  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  1.60
Chains :  Asym./Biol. Unit :  A,B
Keywords :  Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A, Botox, Catalytic Domain, Endopeptidase, Syntaxin, Bio-Warfare Agent, Hydrolase, Metal-Binding, Metalloprotease, Protease, Secreted, Transmembrane, Zinc, Enzyme-Substrate Complex, Pharmaceutical (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  D. Kumaran, R. Rawat, S. A. Ahmed, S. Swaminathan
Substrate Binding Mode And Its Implication On Drug Design For Botulinum Neurotoxin A
Plos Pathog. V. 4 E1000 2008
PubMed-ID: 18818739  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PPAT.1000165
(for further references see the PDB file header)

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - BOTULINUM NEUROTOXIN A LIGHT CHAIN
    Atcc3502
    ChainsA
    EC Number3.4.24.69
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemESCHERICHIA COLI
    Expression System PlasmidPET28B
    Expression System StrainBL21-DE3-RIL
    Expression System Taxid562
    Expression System Vector TypePLASMID
    FragmentRESIDUES 1-424
    GeneBOTA
    Organism ScientificCLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM
    Organism Taxid1491
    StrainHALL
    SynonymBOTULINUM NEUROTOXIN TYPE A, BONT/A, BONTOXILYSIN- A, BOTOX
 
Molecule 2 - SYNAPTOSOMAL-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 25
    ChainsB
    EngineeredYES
    Other DetailsTHE SNAP-25 PEPTIDE IS NATURALLY FOUND IN HOMO SAPIENS.
    SynonymSNAP-25, SYNAPTOSOMAL-ASSOCIATED 25 KDA PROTEIN, SUPER PROTEIN, SUP
    SyntheticYES

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  12
Asymmetric/Biological Unit AB

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (3, 4)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (3, 4)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1NH21Mod. Amino AcidAMINO GROUP
2SO42Ligand/IonSULFATE ION
3ZN1Ligand/IonZINC ION

(-) Sites  (3, 3)

Asymmetric Unit (3, 3)
No.NameEvidenceResiduesDescription
1AC1SOFTWAREHIS A:223 , HIS A:227 , GLU A:262 , ARG B:197BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN A 450
2AC2SOFTWARELYS A:340BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE SO4 A 451
3AC3SOFTWAREASN A:174 , LEU A:175 , THR A:176 , ARG A:177 , ASN A:394BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE SO4 A 452

(-) SS Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "SS Bond" information available for 3DDB)

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 3DDB)

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (1, 1)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (1, 1)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_BXA1_CLOBO_001 *V27ABXA1_CLOBO  ---  ---AA27A
   * ID not provided by source

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (1, 1)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (1, 1)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1ZINC_PROTEASEPS00142 Neutral zinc metallopeptidases, zinc-binding region signature.BXA1_CLOBH220-229  1A:220-229
BXA1_CLOBO220-229  1A:220-229

(-) Exons   (1, 1)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (1, 1)
 ENSEMBLUniProtKBPDB
No.Transcript IDExonExon IDGenome LocationLengthIDLocationLengthCountLocationLength
1.1aENST000002549761aENSE00001206321chr20:10199478-10199625148SNP25_HUMAN-00--
1.3aENST000002549763aENSE00001229068chr20:10256077-10256211135SNP25_HUMAN1-24240--
1.4aENST000002549764aENSE00001017161chr20:10258333-1025837442SNP25_HUMAN25-38140--
1.5ENST000002549765ENSE00000906745chr20:10265372-1026542049SNP25_HUMAN39-55170--
1.7ENST000002549767ENSE00002191142chr20:10273809-10273926118SNP25_HUMAN55-94400--
1.8bENST000002549768bENSE00000906747chr20:10277573-10277698126SNP25_HUMAN94-136430--
1.9ENST000002549769ENSE00000906748chr20:10279916-10280060145SNP25_HUMAN136-184490--
1.10ENST0000025497610ENSE00001937220chr20:10286777-102880661290SNP25_HUMAN185-206221B:197-2037

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:423
 aligned with BXA1_CLOBH | A5HZZ9 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:1296

    Alignment length:423
                                    10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160       170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240       250       260       270       280       290       300       310       320       330       340       350       360       370       380       390       400       410       420   
           BXA1_CLOBH     1 MPFVNKQFNYKDPVNGVDIAYIKIPNAGQMQPVKAFKIHNKIWVIPERDTFTNPEEGDLNPPPEAKQVPVSYYDSTYLSTDNEKDNYLKGVTKLFERIYSTDLGRMLLTSIVRGIPFWGGSTIDTELKVIDTNCINVIQPDGSYRSEELNLVIIGPSADIIQFECKSFGHEVLNLTRNGYGSTQYIRFSPDFTFGFEESLEVDTNPLLGAGKFATDPAVTLAHELIHAGHRLYGIAINPNRVFKVNTNAYYEMSGLEVSFEELRTFGGHDAKFIDSLQENEFRLYYYNKFKDIASTLNKAKSIVGTTASLQYMKNVFKEKYLLSEDTSGKFSVDKLKFDKLYKMLTEIYTEDNFVKFFKVLNRKTYLNFDKAVFKINIVPKVNYTIYDGFNLRNTNLAANFNGQNTEINNMNFTKLKNFTGLF 423
               SCOP domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ..................eeeee.........eeeeeee..eeeeeee....hhhhh......................hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...........ee..hhh.eeeee.....eeeee..eeeee........eee.................eeee....eeeee..hhhhhh........ee.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh........eee...hhhhhh...eeehhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.ee.....hhhhhhhhhhhhh..ee.....ee.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhh............eeee.................................hhhhheeeee..... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) --------------------------A------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ZINC_PROTE-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 3ddb A   1 MPFVNKQFNYKDPVNGVDIAYIKIPNAGQMQPVKAFKIHNKIWVIPERDTFTNPEEGDLNPPPEAKQVPVSYYDSTYLSTDNEKDNYLKGVTKLFERIYSTDLGRMLLTSIVRGIPFWGGSTIDTELKVIDTNCINVIQPDGSYRSEELNLVIIGPSADIIQFECKSFGHEVLNLTRNGYGSTQYIRFSPDFTFGFEESLEVDTNPLLGAGKFATDPAVTLAHELIHAGHRLYGIAINPNRVFKVNTNAYYEMSGLEVSFEELRTFGGHDAKFIDSLQENEFRLYYYNKFKDIASTLNKAKSIVGTTASLQYMKNVFKEKYLLSEDTSGKFSVDKLKFDKLYKMLTEIYTEDNFVKFFKVLNRKTYLNFDKAVFKINIVPKVNYTIYDGFNLRNTNLAANFNGQNTEINNMNFTKLKNFTGLF 423
                                    10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160       170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240       250       260       270       280       290       300       310       320       330       340       350       360       370       380       390       400       410       420   

Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:423
 aligned with BXA1_CLOBO | P10845 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:1296

    Alignment length:423
                                    10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160       170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240       250       260       270       280       290       300       310       320       330       340       350       360       370       380       390       400       410       420   
           BXA1_CLOBO     1 MPFVNKQFNYKDPVNGVDIAYIKIPNVGQMQPVKAFKIHNKIWVIPERDTFTNPEEGDLNPPPEAKQVPVSYYDSTYLSTDNEKDNYLKGVTKLFERIYSTDLGRMLLTSIVRGIPFWGGSTIDTELKVIDTNCINVIQPDGSYRSEELNLVIIGPSADIIQFECKSFGHEVLNLTRNGYGSTQYIRFSPDFTFGFEESLEVDTNPLLGAGKFATDPAVTLAHELIHAGHRLYGIAINPNRVFKVNTNAYYEMSGLEVSFEELRTFGGHDAKFIDSLQENEFRLYYYNKFKDIASTLNKAKSIVGTTASLQYMKNVFKEKYLLSEDTSGKFSVDKLKFDKLYKMLTEIYTEDNFVKFFKVLNRKTYLNFDKAVFKINIVPKVNYTIYDGFNLRNTNLAANFNGQNTEINNMNFTKLKNFTGLF 423
               SCOP domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ..................eeeee.........eeeeeee..eeeeeee....hhhhh......................hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...........ee..hhh.eeeee.....eeeee..eeeee........eee.................eeee....eeeee..hhhhhh........ee.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh........eee...hhhhhh...eeehhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.ee.....hhhhhhhhhhhhh..ee.....ee.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhh............eeee.................................hhhhheeeee..... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) --------------------------A------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SAPs(SNPs)
                PROSITE (2) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ZINC_PROTE-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE (2)
                 Transcript --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 3ddb A   1 MPFVNKQFNYKDPVNGVDIAYIKIPNAGQMQPVKAFKIHNKIWVIPERDTFTNPEEGDLNPPPEAKQVPVSYYDSTYLSTDNEKDNYLKGVTKLFERIYSTDLGRMLLTSIVRGIPFWGGSTIDTELKVIDTNCINVIQPDGSYRSEELNLVIIGPSADIIQFECKSFGHEVLNLTRNGYGSTQYIRFSPDFTFGFEESLEVDTNPLLGAGKFATDPAVTLAHELIHAGHRLYGIAINPNRVFKVNTNAYYEMSGLEVSFEELRTFGGHDAKFIDSLQENEFRLYYYNKFKDIASTLNKAKSIVGTTASLQYMKNVFKEKYLLSEDTSGKFSVDKLKFDKLYKMLTEIYTEDNFVKFFKVLNRKTYLNFDKAVFKINIVPKVNYTIYDGFNLRNTNLAANFNGQNTEINNMNFTKLKNFTGLF 423
                                    10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160       170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240       250       260       270       280       290       300       310       320       330       340       350       360       370       380       390       400       410       420   

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:7
 aligned with SNP25_HUMAN | P60880 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:206

    Alignment length:7
          SNP25_HUMAN   197 QRATKML 203
               SCOP domains ------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ....... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ------- PROSITE
               Transcript 1 1.10    Transcript 1
                 3ddb B 197 RRATKMx 203
                                  |
                                203-NH2

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (0, 0)

(no "SCOP Domain" information available for 3DDB)

(-) CATH Domains  (0, 0)

(no "CATH Domain" information available for 3DDB)

(-) Pfam Domains  (0, 0)

(no "Pfam Domain" information available for 3DDB)

(-) Gene Ontology  (56, 77)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A   (BXA1_CLOBO | P10845)
molecular function
    GO:0016787    hydrolase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.
    GO:0046872    metal ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
    GO:0004222    metalloendopeptidase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions.
    GO:0008237    metallopeptidase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions.
    GO:0008233    peptidase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0008320    protein transmembrane transporter activity    Enables the transfer of a protein from one side of a membrane to the other.
    GO:0008270    zinc ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions.
biological process
    GO:0051609    inhibition of neurotransmitter uptake    Any process that prevents the activation of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into a cell.
    GO:0009405    pathogenesis    The set of specific processes that generate the ability of an organism to induce an abnormal, generally detrimental state in another organism.
    GO:0071806    protein transmembrane transport    The directed movement of a protein across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
    GO:0006508    proteolysis    The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds.
cellular component
    GO:0005576    extracellular region    The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
    GO:0030430    host cell cytoplasm    The cytoplasm of a host cell.
    GO:0044164    host cell cytosol    The part of the host cell cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
    GO:0044156    host cell junction    A plasma membrane part that forms a specialized region of connection between two host cells or between a host cell and the host extracellular matrix. At a host cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the host plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix.
    GO:0033644    host cell membrane    Double layer of lipid molecules as it encloses host cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.
    GO:0020002    host cell plasma membrane    The plasma membrane surrounding a host cell.
    GO:0044231    host cell presynaptic membrane    A specialized area of membrane of the host axon terminal that faces the plasma membrane of the host neuron or muscle fiber with which the axon terminal establishes a synaptic junction; many host synaptic junctions exhibit structural presynaptic characteristics, such as conical, electron-dense internal protrusions, that distinguish it from the remainder of the axon plasma membrane.
    GO:0044221    host cell synapse    The junction between a nerve fiber of one host neuron and another host neuron or muscle fiber or glial cell; the site of interneuronal communication.
    GO:0016021    integral component of membrane    The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.

Chain A   (BXA1_CLOBH | A5HZZ9)
molecular function
    GO:0016787    hydrolase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.
    GO:0046872    metal ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
    GO:0004222    metalloendopeptidase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions.
    GO:0008237    metallopeptidase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions.
    GO:0008233    peptidase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid.
    GO:0008270    zinc ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions.
biological process
    GO:0051609    inhibition of neurotransmitter uptake    Any process that prevents the activation of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into a cell.
    GO:0009405    pathogenesis    The set of specific processes that generate the ability of an organism to induce an abnormal, generally detrimental state in another organism.
    GO:0006508    proteolysis    The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds.
cellular component
    GO:0005576    extracellular region    The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
    GO:0030430    host cell cytoplasm    The cytoplasm of a host cell.
    GO:0044164    host cell cytosol    The part of the host cell cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
    GO:0044156    host cell junction    A plasma membrane part that forms a specialized region of connection between two host cells or between a host cell and the host extracellular matrix. At a host cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the host plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix.
    GO:0033644    host cell membrane    Double layer of lipid molecules as it encloses host cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.
    GO:0020002    host cell plasma membrane    The plasma membrane surrounding a host cell.
    GO:0044231    host cell presynaptic membrane    A specialized area of membrane of the host axon terminal that faces the plasma membrane of the host neuron or muscle fiber with which the axon terminal establishes a synaptic junction; many host synaptic junctions exhibit structural presynaptic characteristics, such as conical, electron-dense internal protrusions, that distinguish it from the remainder of the axon plasma membrane.
    GO:0044221    host cell synapse    The junction between a nerve fiber of one host neuron and another host neuron or muscle fiber or glial cell; the site of interneuronal communication.
    GO:0016021    integral component of membrane    The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.

Chain B   (SNP25_HUMAN | P60880)
molecular function
    GO:0005484    SNAP receptor activity    Acting as a marker to identify a membrane and interacting selectively with one or more SNAREs on another membrane to mediate membrane fusion.
    GO:0000149    SNARE binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attached protein receptor) protein.
    GO:0048306    calcium-dependent protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules), in the presence of calcium.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0017075    syntaxin-1 binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the SNAP receptor syntaxin-1.
biological process
    GO:0008306    associative learning    Learning by associating a stimulus (the cause) with a particular outcome (the effect).
    GO:0007268    chemical synaptic transmission    The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
    GO:0014047    glutamate secretion    The controlled release of glutamate by a cell. The glutamate is the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in the nervous system.
    GO:0007626    locomotory behavior    The specific movement from place to place of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli. Locomotion of a whole organism in a manner dependent upon some combination of that organism's internal state and external conditions.
    GO:0060291    long-term synaptic potentiation    A process that modulates synaptic plasticity such that synapses are changed resulting in the increase in the rate, or frequency of synaptic transmission at the synapse.
    GO:0007269    neurotransmitter secretion    The regulated release of neurotransmitter from the presynapse into the synaptic cleft via calcium regualated exocytosis during synaptic transmission.
    GO:0001504    neurotransmitter uptake    The directed movement of neurotransmitters into neurons or glial cells. This process leads to inactivation and recycling of neurotransmitters.
    GO:0070201    regulation of establishment of protein localization    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein to a specific location.
    GO:0050796    regulation of insulin secretion    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin.
    GO:0010975    regulation of neuron projection development    Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection development. Neuron projection development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites).
    GO:0016081    synaptic vesicle docking    The initial (indirect) attachment of a synaptic vesicle membrane to the presynaptic active zone membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane and proteins of the presynaptic active zone cytoplasmic component. Synaptic vesicle tethering is the first step in this process.
    GO:0016079    synaptic vesicle exocytosis    Fusion of intracellular membrane-bounded vesicles with the pre-synaptic membrane of the neuronal cell resulting in release of neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft.
    GO:0031629    synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic active zone membrane    Fusion of the membrane of a synaptic vesicle with the presynaptic active zone membrane, thereby releasing its cargo neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft.
    GO:0016082    synaptic vesicle priming    A process that converts synaptic vesicles to a state of competence for calcium triggered fusion with the active zone membrane by bringing the two membranes into very close proximity. Priming typically (but not always) occurs after docking (Jahn and Fasshauer, 2012). Primed vesicles are also capable of spontaneously fusing with the active zone membrane.
cellular component
    GO:0031083    BLOC-1 complex    A protein complex required for the biogenesis of specialized organelles of the endosomal-lysosomal system, such as melanosomes and platelet dense granules. Many of the protein subunits are conserved between mouse and human; the mouse complex contains the Pallidin, Muted, Cappuccino, Dysbindin, Snapin, BLOS1, BLOS2, AND BLOS3 proteins.
    GO:0031201    SNARE complex    A protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers. One well-characterized example is the neuronal SNARE complex formed of synaptobrevin 2, syntaxin 1a, and SNAP-25.
    GO:0030054    cell junction    A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. At a cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0005829    cytosol    The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
    GO:0030426    growth cone    The migrating motile tip of a growing nerve cell axon or dendrite.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0043209    myelin sheath    An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system.
    GO:0043005    neuron projection    A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.
    GO:0048471    perinuclear region of cytoplasm    Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
    GO:0042734    presynaptic membrane    A specialized area of membrane of the axon terminal that faces the plasma membrane of the neuron or muscle fiber with which the axon terminal establishes a synaptic junction; many synaptic junctions exhibit structural presynaptic characteristics, such as conical, electron-dense internal protrusions, that distinguish it from the remainder of the axon plasma membrane.
    GO:0045202    synapse    The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron, muscle fiber or glial cell. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.
    GO:0070032    synaptobrevin 2-SNAP-25-syntaxin-1a-complexin I complex    A SNARE complex that contains synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), SNAP-25, syntaxin 1a, and complexin I (or orthologs thereof).
    GO:0005802    trans-Golgi network    The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located within the Golgi apparatus on the side distal to the endoplasmic reticulum, from which secretory vesicles emerge. The trans-Golgi network is important in the later stages of protein secretion where it is thought to play a key role in the sorting and targeting of secreted proteins to the correct destination.
    GO:0031982    vesicle    Any small, fluid-filled, spherical organelle enclosed by membrane.
    GO:0008076    voltage-gated potassium channel complex    A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which potassium ions may cross a cell membrane in response to changes in membrane potential.

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 Related Entries

(-) Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
        BXA1_CLOBH | A5HZZ91xtf 1xtg 2w2d 3bwi 3c8a 3c8b 3dda 3ds9 3dse 3k3q 3qix 3qiy 3qiz 3qj0 3qw5 3qw6 3qw7 3qw8 4ks6 4ktx 4kuf
        BXA1_CLOBO | P108451uee 1xtf 1xtg 2ilp 2ima 2imb 2imc 2ise 2isg 2ish 2nyy 2nz9 2vu9 2vua 2w2d 3bok 3bon 3boo 3bta 3bwi 3c88 3c89 3c8a 3c8b 3dda 3ds9 3fuo 3v0a 3v0b 3v0c 3zur 3zus 4ej5 4el4 4elc 4hev 4iqp 4jra 4zjx 5jlv 5jmc 5tpb 5tpc 5vgv 5vgx
        SNP25_HUMAN | P608801kil 1uee 1urq 1xtg 2n1t 3dda 3rk2 3rk3 3rl0 3zur

(-) Related Entries Specified in the PDB File

3bwi THE SAME PROTEIN COMPLEXED WITH AN ACETATE ION.
3c88 THE SAME PROTEIN COMPLEXED WITH RRGC PEPTIDE.
3c89 THE SAME PROTEIN COMPLEXED WITH RRGM PEPTIDE.
3c8a THE SAME PROTEIN COMPLEXED WITH RRGL PEPTIDE.
3c8b THE SAME PROTEIN COMPLEXED WITH RRGI PEPTIDE.
3dda