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(-) Description

Title :  STRUCTURE OF SDF-1/CXCL12
 
Authors :  B. F. Volkman, C. T. Veldkamp, F. C. Peterson
Date :  28 Jan 09  (Deposition) - 29 Sep 09  (Release) - 29 Sep 09  (Revision)
Method :  SOLUTION NMR
Resolution :  NOT APPLICABLE
Chains :  NMR Structure  :  A  (20x)
Keywords :  Stromal Cell Derived Factor-1, Sdf1-Alpha, Cxcl12, Chemokine, Alternative Splicing, Chemotaxis, Cytokine, Growth Factor, Secreted (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  C. T. Veldkamp, J. J. Ziarek, J. Su, H. Basnet, R. Lennertz, J. J. Weiner, F. C. Peterson, J. E. Baker, B. F. Volkman
Monomeric Structure Of The Cardioprotective Chemokine Sdf-1/Cxcl12
Protein Sci. V. 18 1359 2009
PubMed-ID: 19551879  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1002/PRO.167
(for further references see the PDB file header)

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - STROMAL CELL-DERIVED FACTOR 1-ALPHA
    ChainsA
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemESCHERICHIA COLI
    Expression System Taxid562
    Expression System VectorPQE30
    GeneCXCL12, SDF1, SDF1A, SDF1B
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606
    SynonymSDF-1, C-X-C MOTIF CHEMOKINE 12, PRE-B CELL GROWTH-STIMULATING FACTOR, PBSF, HIRH, SDF-1-ALPHA(3-67)

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  
NMR Structure (20x)

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (0, 0)

(no "Ligand,Modified Residues,Ions" information available for 2KED)

(-) Sites  (0, 0)

(no "Site" information available for 2KED)

(-) SS Bonds  (2, 2)

NMR Structure
No.Residues
1A:9 -A:34
2A:11 -A:50

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 2KED)

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (0, 0)

(no "SAP(SNP)/Variant" information available for 2KED)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (0, 0)

(no "PROSITE Motif" information available for 2KED)

(-) Exons   (3, 3)

NMR Structure (3, 3)
 ENSEMBLUniProtKBPDB
No.Transcript IDExonExon IDGenome LocationLengthIDLocationLengthCountLocationLength
1.2aENST000003744292aENSE00001463492chr10:44880540-44880393148SDF1_HUMAN1-21210--
1.3bENST000003744293bENSE00000701629chr10:44876328-44876211118SDF1_HUMAN21-60401A:1-3939
1.4aENST000003744294aENSE00001463490chr10:44874171-4487408587SDF1_HUMAN60-89301A:39-6830
1.6aENST000003744296aENSE00001902365chr10:44868791-448656133179SDF1_HUMAN89-9351A:68-681

(-) Sequences/Alignments

NMR Structure
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:68
 aligned with SDF1_HUMAN | P48061 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:93

    Alignment length:68
                                    31        41        51        61        71        81        
            SDF1_HUMAN   22 KPVSLSYRCPCRFFESHVARANVKHLKILNTPNCALQIVARLKNNNRQVCIDPKLKWIQEYLEKALNK 89
               SCOP domains d2keda_ A: automated matches                                         SCOP domains
               CATH domains 2kedA00 A:1-68  [code=2.40.50.40, no name defined]                   CATH domains
               Pfam domains --IL8-2kedA01 A:3-66                                              -- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ......................eeeeeeeee...eeeeeeee.....eeee...hhhhhhhhhhhhhh Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) -------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE -------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
           Transcript 1 (1) Exon 1.3b  PDB: A:1-39 UniProt: 21-60  ----------------------------1 Transcript 1 (1)
           Transcript 1 (2) --------------------------------------Exon 1.4a  PDB: A:39-68        Transcript 1 (2)
                  2ked A  1 KPVSLSYRCPCRFFESHVARANVKHLKILNTPNCALQIVARLKNNNRQVCIDPKLKWIQEYLEKALNK 68
                                    10        20        30        40        50        60        

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (1, 1)

NMR Structure

(-) CATH Domains  (1, 1)

NMR Structure
(-)
Class: Mainly Beta (13760)

(-) Pfam Domains  (1, 1)

NMR Structure

(-) Gene Ontology  (50, 50)

NMR Structure(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A   (SDF1_HUMAN | P48061)
molecular function
    GO:0045236    CXCR chemokine receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a chemokine receptor in the CXCR family.
    GO:0042056    chemoattractant activity    Providing the environmental signal that initiates the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration of that signal.
    GO:0008009    chemokine activity    The function of a family of small chemotactic cytokines; their name is derived from their ability to induce directed chemotaxis in nearby responsive cells. All chemokines possess a number of conserved cysteine residues involved in intramolecular disulfide bond formation. Some chemokines are considered pro-inflammatory and can be induced during an immune response to recruit cells of the immune system to a site of infection, while others are considered homeostatic and are involved in controlling the migration of cells during normal processes of tissue maintenance or development. Chemokines are found in all vertebrates, some viruses and some bacteria.
    GO:0042379    chemokine receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any chemokine receptor.
    GO:0005125    cytokine activity    Functions to control the survival, growth, differentiation and effector function of tissues and cells.
    GO:0008083    growth factor activity    The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation.
    GO:0005102    receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.
biological process
    GO:0007186    G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The pathway can start from the plasma membrane, Golgi or nuclear membrane (PMID:24568158 and PMID:16902576).
    GO:0008344    adult locomotory behavior    Locomotory behavior in a fully developed and mature organism.
    GO:0031100    animal organ regeneration    The regrowth of a lost or destroyed animal organ.
    GO:0007411    axon guidance    The chemotaxis process that directs the migration of an axon growth cone to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.
    GO:0008015    blood circulation    The flow of blood through the body of an animal, enabling the transport of nutrients to the tissues and the removal of waste products.
    GO:0007420    brain development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Brain development begins with patterning events in the neural tube and ends with the mature structure that is the center of thought and emotion. The brain is responsible for the coordination and control of bodily activities and the interpretation of information from the senses (sight, hearing, smell, etc.).
    GO:0007155    cell adhesion    The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules.
    GO:0060326    cell chemotaxis    The directed movement of a motile cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis).
    GO:0006874    cellular calcium ion homeostasis    Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions at the level of a cell.
    GO:0070098    chemokine-mediated signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a chemokine to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
    GO:0006935    chemotaxis    The directed movement of a motile cell or organism, or the directed growth of a cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis).
    GO:0006955    immune response    Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat.
    GO:0050930    induction of positive chemotaxis    Any process that initiates the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration in a concentration gradient of a specific chemical.
    GO:1902230    negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage.
    GO:2000107    negative regulation of leukocyte apoptotic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte apoptotic process.
    GO:1903237    negative regulation of leukocyte tethering or rolling    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte tethering or rolling.
    GO:0001764    neuron migration    The characteristic movement of an immature neuron from germinal zones to specific positions where they will reside as they mature.
    GO:0050918    positive chemotaxis    The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration of a chemical.
    GO:2000406    positive regulation of T cell migration    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell migration.
    GO:0048842    positive regulation of axon extension involved in axon guidance    Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of axon extension involved in axon guidance.
    GO:0090280    positive regulation of calcium ion import    Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into a cell or organelle.
    GO:0045785    positive regulation of cell adhesion    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell adhesion.
    GO:0030335    positive regulation of cell migration    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.
    GO:0008284    positive regulation of cell proliferation    Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
    GO:0033603    positive regulation of dopamine secretion    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of dopamine.
    GO:0001938    positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation    Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of endothelial cell proliferation.
    GO:0090026    positive regulation of monocyte chemotaxis    Any process that increases the frequency, rate, or extent of monocyte chemotaxis.
    GO:0045666    positive regulation of neuron differentiation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation.
    GO:0008064    regulation of actin polymerization or depolymerization    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly or disassembly of actin filaments by the addition or removal of actin monomers from a filament.
    GO:0051924    regulation of calcium ion transport    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
    GO:0009408    response to heat    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism.
    GO:0001666    response to hypoxia    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level.
    GO:0009612    response to mechanical stimulus    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus.
    GO:0043434    response to peptide hormone    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide hormone stimulus. A peptide hormone is any of a class of peptides that are secreted into the blood stream and have endocrine functions in living animals.
    GO:0009314    response to radiation    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electromagnetic radiation stimulus. Electromagnetic radiation is a propagating wave in space with electric and magnetic components. These components oscillate at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation.
    GO:0009615    response to virus    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a virus.
    GO:0007165    signal transduction    The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.
    GO:0022029    telencephalon cell migration    The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another at least one of which is located in the telencephalon.
cellular component
    GO:0009897    external side of plasma membrane    The leaflet of the plasma membrane that faces away from the cytoplasm and any proteins embedded or anchored in it or attached to its surface.
    GO:0070062    extracellular exosome    A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
    GO:0005576    extracellular region    The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
    GO:0005615    extracellular space    That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

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 Related Entries

(-) Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
        SDF1_HUMAN | P480611a15 1qg7 1sdf 1vmc 2j7z 2k01 2k03 2k04 2k05 2kec 2kee 2kol 2n55 2nwg 2sdf 3gv3 3hp3 4lmq 4uai

(-) Related Entries Specified in the PDB File

2ked 2kee