molecular function |
| GO:0060090 | | binding, bridging | | The binding activity of a molecule that brings together two or more molecules through a selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric interaction, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way. |
| GO:0005509 | | calcium ion binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+). |
| GO:0043027 | | cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity involved in apoptotic process | | Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a cysteine-type endopeptidase involved in the apoptotic process. |
| GO:0046872 | | metal ion binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion. |
| GO:0001786 | | phosphatidylserine binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phosphatidylserine, a class of glycophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of L-serine. |
| GO:0005515 | | protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| GO:0030296 | | protein tyrosine kinase activator activity | | Increases the activity of a protein tyrosine kinase, an enzyme which phosphorylates a tyrosyl phenolic group on a protein. |
| GO:0048018 | | receptor agonist activity | | Interacts with receptors such that the proportion of receptors in the active form is increased. |
| GO:0005102 | | receptor binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function. |
| GO:0030971 | | receptor tyrosine kinase binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a receptor that possesses protein tyrosine kinase activity. |
| GO:0005245 | | voltage-gated calcium channel activity | | Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded. |
biological process |
| GO:0035754 | | B cell chemotaxis | | The directed movement of a B cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis). |
| GO:0006888 | | ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport | | The directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi. |
| GO:0032148 | | activation of protein kinase B activity | | Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme protein kinase B. |
| GO:0031100 | | animal organ regeneration | | The regrowth of a lost or destroyed animal organ. |
| GO:0043277 | | apoptotic cell clearance | | The recognition and removal of an apoptotic cell by a neighboring cell or by a phagocyte. |
| GO:0007596 | | blood coagulation | | The sequential process in which the multiple coagulation factors of the blood interact, ultimately resulting in the formation of an insoluble fibrin clot; it may be divided into three stages: stage 1, the formation of intrinsic and extrinsic prothrombin converting principle; stage 2, the formation of thrombin; stage 3, the formation of stable fibrin polymers. |
| GO:0070588 | | calcium ion transmembrane transport | | A process in which a calcium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. |
| GO:0007155 | | cell adhesion | | The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules. |
| GO:0007050 | | cell cycle arrest | | A regulatory process that halts progression through the cell cycle during one of the normal phases (G1, S, G2, M). |
| GO:0016477 | | cell migration | | The controlled self-propelled movement of a cell from one site to a destination guided by molecular cues. Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms. |
| GO:0008283 | | cell proliferation | | The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. |
| GO:0031589 | | cell-substrate adhesion | | The attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules. |
| GO:0035690 | | cellular response to drug | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease. |
| GO:0071333 | | cellular response to glucose stimulus | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus. |
| GO:0071363 | | cellular response to growth factor stimulus | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus. |
| GO:0035457 | | cellular response to interferon-alpha | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interferon-alpha stimulus. Interferon-alpha is a type I interferon. |
| GO:0009267 | | cellular response to starvation | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of nourishment. |
| GO:0071307 | | cellular response to vitamin K | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin K stimulus. |
| GO:0097028 | | dendritic cell differentiation | | The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a dendritic cell. A dendritic cell is a leukocyte of dendritic lineage specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation. |
| GO:0007167 | | enzyme linked receptor protein signaling pathway | | Any series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell, where the receptor possesses catalytic activity or is closely associated with an enzyme such as a protein kinase, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. |
| GO:0085029 | | extracellular matrix assembly | | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the extracellular matrix. |
| GO:0019064 | | fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane | | Fusion of a viral membrane with the host cell membrane during viral entry. Results in release of the virion contents into the cytoplasm. |
| GO:0097241 | | hematopoietic stem cell migration to bone marrow | | The orderly movement of a hematopoietic stem cell into the bone marrow, and its subsequent positioning within defined functional compartments in that microenvironment. A hematopoietic stem cell is a cell from which all cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineages develop, including blood cells and cells of the immune system. |
| GO:0050900 | | leukocyte migration | | The movement of a leukocyte within or between different tissues and organs of the body. |
| GO:0010934 | | macrophage cytokine production | | The appearance of a macrophage cytokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. |
| GO:0043066 | | negative regulation of apoptotic process | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. |
| GO:0070168 | | negative regulation of biomineral tissue development | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of biomineral tissue development, the formation of hard tissues that consist mainly of inorganic compounds. |
| GO:0043154 | | negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in the apoptotic process. |
| GO:2000669 | | negative regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic process | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell apoptotic process. |
| GO:2000352 | | negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell apoptotic process. |
| GO:2000270 | | negative regulation of fibroblast apoptotic process | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast apoptotic process. |
| GO:0032689 | | negative regulation of interferon-gamma production | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-gamma production. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon. |
| GO:0050711 | | negative regulation of interleukin-1 secretion | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of interleukin-1 from a cell. |
| GO:0032715 | | negative regulation of interleukin-6 production | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-6 production. |
| GO:1900165 | | negative regulation of interleukin-6 secretion | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-6 secretion. |
| GO:1900142 | | negative regulation of oligodendrocyte apoptotic process | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte apoptotic process. |
| GO:0033159 | | negative regulation of protein import into nucleus, translocation | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the vectorial transfer of a protein from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, across the nuclear membrane. |
| GO:2000533 | | negative regulation of renal albumin absorption | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of renal albumin absorption. |
| GO:0043433 | | negative regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription. |
| GO:0045892 | | negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. |
| GO:0032720 | | negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of tumor necrosis factor production. |
| GO:0010804 | | negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway | | Any process that decreases the rate or extent of the tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway. The tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of tumor necrosis factor binding to a cell surface receptor. |
| GO:0001764 | | neuron migration | | The characteristic movement of an immature neuron from germinal zones to specific positions where they will reside as they mature. |
| GO:0018105 | | peptidyl-serine phosphorylation | | The phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-serine. |
| GO:0006909 | | phagocytosis | | An endocytosis process that results in the engulfment of external particulate material by phagocytes. The particles are initially contained within phagocytic vacuoles (phagosomes), which then fuse with primary lysosomes to effect digestion of the particles. |
| GO:0030168 | | platelet activation | | A series of progressive, overlapping events triggered by exposure of the platelets to subendothelial tissue. These events include shape change, adhesiveness, aggregation, and release reactions. When carried through to completion, these events lead to the formation of a stable hemostatic plug. |
| GO:0070527 | | platelet aggregation | | The adhesion of one platelet to one or more other platelets via adhesion molecules. |
| GO:0002576 | | platelet degranulation | | The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as histamine and serotonin by a platelet. |
| GO:0070374 | | positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade. |
| GO:0032008 | | positive regulation of TOR signaling | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of TOR signaling. |
| GO:0001961 | | positive regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a cytokine mediated signaling pathway. |
| GO:2000510 | | positive regulation of dendritic cell chemotaxis | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell chemotaxis. |
| GO:0048146 | | positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of multiplication or reproduction of fibroblast cells. |
| GO:0010628 | | positive regulation of gene expression | | Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. |
| GO:0003104 | | positive regulation of glomerular filtration | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular filtration. Glomerular filtration is the processs whereby blood is filtered by the glomerulus into the renal tubule. |
| GO:0032825 | | positive regulation of natural killer cell differentiation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell differentiation. |
| GO:0033138 | | positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine. |
| GO:0050766 | | positive regulation of phagocytosis | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phagocytosis. |
| GO:0046827 | | positive regulation of protein export from nucleus | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of directed movement of proteins from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. |
| GO:0051897 | | positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase B signaling, a series of reactions mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B. |
| GO:0045860 | | positive regulation of protein kinase activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity. |
| GO:0001934 | | positive regulation of protein phosphorylation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein. |
| GO:0061098 | | positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity | | Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein tyrosine kinase activity. |
| GO:0043491 | | protein kinase B signaling | | A series of reactions, mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B (also called AKT), which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound. |
| GO:0006468 | | protein phosphorylation | | The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein. |
| GO:0072661 | | protein targeting to plasma membrane | | The process of directing proteins towards the plasma membrane; usually uses signals contained within the protein. |
| GO:0046813 | | receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell | | The process by which a virion attaches to a host cell by binding to a receptor on the host cell surface. |
| GO:0040008 | | regulation of growth | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the growth of all or part of an organism so that it occurs at its proper speed, either globally or in a specific part of the organism's development. |
| GO:0006465 | | signal peptide processing | | The proteolytic removal of a signal peptide from a protein during or after transport to a specific location in the cell. |
| GO:0007165 | | signal transduction | | The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. |
| GO:0046718 | | viral entry into host cell | | The process that occurs after viral attachment by which a virus, or viral nucleic acid, breaches the plasma membrane or cell envelope and enters the host cell. The process ends when the viral nucleic acid is released into the host cell cytoplasm. |
| GO:0019079 | | viral genome replication | | Any process involved directly in viral genome replication, including viral nucleotide metabolism. |
| GO:0016032 | | viral process | | A multi-organism process in which a virus is a participant. The other participant is the host. Includes infection of a host cell, replication of the viral genome, and assembly of progeny virus particles. In some cases the viral genetic material may integrate into the host genome and only subsequently, under particular circumstances, 'complete' its life cycle. |
cellular component |
| GO:0005796 | | Golgi lumen | | The volume enclosed by the membranes of any cisterna or subcompartment of the Golgi apparatus, including the cis- and trans-Golgi networks. |
| GO:0005737 | | cytoplasm | | All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| GO:0005788 | | endoplasmic reticulum lumen | | The volume enclosed by the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum. |
| GO:0070062 | | extracellular exosome | | A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm. |
| GO:0005576 | | extracellular region | | The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite. |
| GO:0005615 | | extracellular space | | That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid. |
| GO:0005622 | | intracellular | | The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm. |
| GO:0031093 | | platelet alpha granule lumen | | The volume enclosed by the membrane of the platelet alpha granule. |