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(-) Description

Title :  IBR DOMAIN OF HUMAN PARKIN
 
Authors :  S. A. Beasley, V. A. Hristova, G. S. Shaw
Date :  24 Nov 06  (Deposition) - 27 Feb 07  (Release) - 24 Feb 09  (Revision)
Method :  SOLUTION NMR
Resolution :  NOT APPLICABLE
Chains :  NMR Structure  :  A  (20x)
Keywords :  Parkin, Ibr, E3 Ligase, Zinc Binding Domain, Rbr (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  S. A. Beasley, V. A. Hristova, G. S. Shaw
Structure Of The Parkin In-Between-Ring Domain Provides Insights For E3-Ligase Dysfunction In Autosomal Recessive Parkinson'S Disease.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. Usa V. 104 3095 2007
PubMed-ID: 17360614  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1073/PNAS.0610548104
(for further references see the PDB file header)

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - PARKIN
    ChainsA
    EC Number6.3.2.-
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemESCHERICHIA COLI
    Expression System PlasmidP11 (MODIFIED PET15B)
    Expression System StrainBL21(DE3) STAR
    Expression System Taxid562
    Expression System Vector TypePLASMID
    FragmentIBR-TYPE 1 DOMAIN, RESIDUES 308-384
    GenePARK2, PRKN
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606
    SynonymUBIQUITIN E3 LIGASE PRKN, PARKINSON JUVENILE DISEASE PROTEIN 2, PARKINSON DISEASE PROTEIN 2

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  
NMR Structure (20x)

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (1, 2)

NMR Structure (1, 2)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1ZN2Ligand/IonZINC ION

(-) Sites  (2, 2)

NMR Structure (2, 2)
No.NameEvidenceResiduesDescription
1AC1SOFTWARECYS A:28 , CYS A:33 , CYS A:48 , LEU A:54 , CYS A:56BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN A 201
2AC2SOFTWARECYS A:61 , CYS A:64 , HIS A:69 , CYS A:73BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN A 401

(-) SS Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "SS Bond" information available for 2JMO)

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 2JMO)

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (9, 9)

NMR Structure (9, 9)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_019754G284RPRKN_HUMANDisease (PARK2)751037529AG1R
2UniProtVAR_062672Q311RPRKN_HUMANUnclassified  ---AQ7R
3UniProtVAR_019756G328EPRKN_HUMANDisease (PARK2)  ---AG24E
4UniProtVAR_019757R334CPRKN_HUMANPolymorphism199657839AR30C
5UniProtVAR_019758A339SPRKN_HUMANPolymorphism  ---AA35S
6UniProtVAR_019759T351PPRKN_HUMANDisease (PARK2)  ---AT47P
7UniProtVAR_019760R366WPRKN_HUMANPolymorphism56092260AR62W
8UniProtVAR_062673A371TPRKN_HUMANUnclassified  ---AA67T
9UniProtVAR_019761V380LPRKN_HUMANPolymorphism1801582AV76L

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (0, 0)

(no "PROSITE Motif" information available for 2JMO)

(-) Exons   (4, 4)

NMR Structure (4, 4)
 ENSEMBLUniProtKBPDB
No.Transcript IDExonExon IDGenome LocationLengthIDLocationLengthCountLocationLength
1.1aENST000003668981aENSE00001442937chr6:163148803-163148694110PRKN_HUMAN1-330--
1.2bENST000003668982bENSE00002153621chr6:162864505-162864342164PRKN_HUMAN3-57550--
1.3ENST000003668983ENSE00002144972chr6:162683797-162683557241PRKN_HUMAN58-138810--
1.4ENST000003668984ENSE00002168037chr6:162622284-162622163122PRKN_HUMAN138-178410--
1.5ENST000003668985ENSE00002195412chr6:162475206-16247512384PRKN_HUMAN179-206280--
1.6ENST000003668986ENSE00002151207chr6:162394449-162394334116PRKN_HUMAN207-245390--
1.7ENST000003668987ENSE00002169394chr6:162206940-162206804137PRKN_HUMAN245-291471A:1-22
1.9bENST000003668989bENSE00001303667chr6:161990448-16199038762PRKN_HUMAN291-311211A:3-75
1.10ENST0000036689810ENSE00001305782chr6:161970035-161969886150PRKN_HUMAN312-361501A:8-5750
1.12ENST0000036689812ENSE00002160695chr6:161807909-16180782684PRKN_HUMAN362-389281A:58-8023
1.13ENST0000036689813ENSE00001306985chr6:161781237-161781120118PRKN_HUMAN390-429400--
1.14dENST0000036689814dENSE00001442933chr6:161771243-1617684522792PRKN_HUMAN429-465370--

(-) Sequences/Alignments

NMR Structure
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:80
 aligned with PRKN_HUMAN | O60260 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:465

    Alignment length:101
                                   293       303       313       323       333       343       353       363       373       383 
           PRKN_HUMAN   284 GYSLPCVAGCPNSLIKELHHFRILGEEQYNRYQQYGAEECVLQMGGVLCPRPGCGAGLLPEPDQRKVTCEGGNGLGCGFAFCRECKEAYHEGECSAVFEAS 384
               SCOP domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ..---------------------.............................................................................. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) R--------------------------R----------------E-----C----S-----------P--------------W----T--------L---- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
           Transcript 1 (1) Exon 1.7--------------------Exon 1.10  PDB: A:8-57 UniProt: 312-361           Exon 1.12  PDB: A:58-80 Transcript 1 (1)
           Transcript 1 (2) -------Exon 1.9b  PDB: A:3-7------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript 1 (2)
                 2jmo A   1 GH---------------------MGEEQYNRYQQYGAEECVLQMGGVLCPRPGCGAGLLPEPDQRKVTCEGGNGLGCGFAFCRECKEAYHEGECSAVFEAS  80
                             |       -         -   |     9        19        29        39        49        59        69        79 
                             2                     3                                                                             

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (0, 0)

(no "SCOP Domain" information available for 2JMO)

(-) CATH Domains  (0, 0)

(no "CATH Domain" information available for 2JMO)

(-) Pfam Domains  (0, 0)

(no "Pfam Domain" information available for 2JMO)

(-) Gene Ontology  (146, 146)

NMR Structure(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A   (PRKN_HUMAN | O60260)
molecular function
    GO:1990444    F-box domain binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an F-box domain of a protein.
    GO:0001664    G-protein coupled receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a G-protein coupled receptor.
    GO:0030544    Hsp70 protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Hsp70 proteins, any of a group of heat shock proteins around 70kDa in size.
    GO:0030165    PDZ domain binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a PDZ domain of a protein, a domain found in diverse signaling proteins.
    GO:0017124    SH3 domain binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a SH3 domain (Src homology 3) of a protein, small protein modules containing approximately 50 amino acid residues found in a great variety of intracellular or membrane-associated proteins.
    GO:0003779    actin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments.
    GO:0008013    beta-catenin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the beta subunit of the catenin complex.
    GO:0051087    chaperone binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a chaperone protein, a class of proteins that bind to nascent or unfolded polypeptides and ensure correct folding or transport.
    GO:0097602    cullin family protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any member of the cullin family, hydrophobic proteins that act as scaffolds for ubiquitin ligases (E3).
    GO:0019899    enzyme binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any enzyme.
    GO:0031072    heat shock protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock.
    GO:0042826    histone deacetylase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the enzyme histone deacetylase.
    GO:0042802    identical protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein or proteins.
    GO:0019900    kinase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group.
    GO:0016874    ligase activity    Catalysis of the joining of two substances, or two groups within a single molecule, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.
    GO:0046872    metal ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
    GO:0043274    phospholipase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any phospholipase, enzymes that catalyze of the hydrolysis of a glycerophospholipid.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0019901    protein kinase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate.
    GO:0003700    transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex.
    GO:0000976    transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific sequence of DNA that is part of a regulatory region that controls transcription of that section of the DNA. The transcribed region might be described as a gene, cistron, or operon.
    GO:0015631    tubulin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of tubulin, including microtubules.
    GO:0043130    ubiquitin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ubiquitin, a protein that when covalently bound to other cellular proteins marks them for proteolytic degradation.
    GO:0031624    ubiquitin conjugating enzyme binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin conjugating enzyme, any of the E2 proteins.
    GO:0061630    ubiquitin protein ligase activity    Catalysis of the transfer of ubiquitin to a substrate protein via the reaction X-ubiquitin + S -> X + S-ubiquitin, where X is either an E2 or E3 enzyme, the X-ubiquitin linkage is a thioester bond, and the S-ubiquitin linkage is an amide bond: an isopeptide bond between the C-terminal glycine of ubiquitin and the epsilon-amino group of lysine residues in the substrate or, in the linear extension of ubiquitin chains, a peptide bond the between the C-terminal glycine and N-terminal methionine of ubiquitin residues.
    GO:1904264    ubiquitin protein ligase activity involved in ERAD pathway    Any ubiquitin protein ligase activity that is involved in the ERAD pathway (the targeting of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident proteins for degradation by the cytoplasmic proteasome).
    GO:0031625    ubiquitin protein ligase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins.
    GO:0004842    ubiquitin-protein transferase activity    Catalysis of the transfer of ubiquitin from one protein to another via the reaction X-Ub + Y --> Y-Ub + X, where both X-Ub and Y-Ub are covalent linkages.
    GO:1990381    ubiquitin-specific protease binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin-specific protease.
    GO:0008270    zinc ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions.
biological process
    GO:0036503    ERAD pathway    The protein catabolic pathway which targets endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident proteins for degradation by the cytoplasmic proteasome. It begins with recognition of the ER-resident protein, includes retrotranslocation (dislocation) of the protein from the ER to the cytosol, protein modifications necessary for correct substrate transfer (e.g. ubiquitination), transport of the protein to the proteasome, and ends with degradation of the protein by the cytoplasmic proteasome.
    GO:0008344    adult locomotory behavior    Locomotory behavior in a fully developed and mature organism.
    GO:0070842    aggresome assembly    The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an aggresome; requires the microtubule cytoskeleton and dynein.
    GO:0006914    autophagy    The process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm; allows for both recycling of macromolecular constituents under conditions of cellular stress and remodeling the intracellular structure for cell differentiation.
    GO:0000422    autophagy of mitochondrion    The autophagic process in which mitochondria are delivered to the vacuole and degraded in response to changing cellular conditions.
    GO:0044257    cellular protein catabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells.
    GO:0044267    cellular protein metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification.
    GO:1903351    cellular response to dopamine    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dopamine stimulus.
    GO:0071287    cellular response to manganese ion    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a manganese ion stimulus.
    GO:0097237    cellular response to toxic substance    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a toxic stimulus.
    GO:0034620    cellular response to unfolded protein    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an unfolded protein stimulus.
    GO:0007417    central nervous system development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the central nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the brain and spinal cord. In those invertebrates with a central nervous system it typically consists of a brain, cerebral ganglia and a nerve cord.
    GO:0042417    dopamine metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline.
    GO:0051583    dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission    The directed movement of dopamine into a presynaptic neuron or glial cell. In this context, dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline.
    GO:0010994    free ubiquitin chain polymerization    The process of creating free ubiquitin chains, compounds composed of a large number of ubiquitin monomers. These chains are not conjugated to a protein.
    GO:0007612    learning    Any process in an organism in which a relatively long-lasting adaptive behavioral change occurs as the result of experience.
    GO:0007626    locomotory behavior    The specific movement from place to place of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli. Locomotion of a whole organism in a manner dependent upon some combination of that organism's internal state and external conditions.
    GO:0016236    macroautophagy    The major inducible pathway for the general turnover of cytoplasmic constituents in eukaryotic cells, it is also responsible for the degradation of active cytoplasmic enzymes and organelles during nutrient starvation. Macroautophagy involves the formation of double-membrane-bounded autophagosomes which enclose the cytoplasmic constituent targeted for degradation in a membrane-bounded structure. Autophagosomes then fuse with a lysosome (or vacuole) releasing single-membrane-bounded autophagic bodies that are then degraded within the lysosome (or vacuole). Though once thought to be a purely non-selective process, it appears that some types of macroautophagy, e.g. macropexophagy, macromitophagy, may involve selective targeting of the targets to be degraded.
    GO:0000266    mitochondrial fission    The division of a mitochondrion within a cell to form two or more separate mitochondrial compartments.
    GO:0007005    mitochondrion organization    A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion; includes mitochondrial morphogenesis and distribution, and replication of the mitochondrial genome as well as synthesis of new mitochondrial components.
    GO:0050804    modulation of chemical synaptic transmission    Any process that modulates the frequency or amplitude of synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse. Amplitude, in this case, refers to the change in postsynaptic membrane potential due to a single instance of synaptic transmission.
    GO:0044828    negative regulation by host of viral genome replication    A process in which a host organism stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of viral genome replication.
    GO:0046329    negative regulation of JNK cascade    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the JNK cascade.
    GO:0032232    negative regulation of actin filament bundle assembly    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of actin filament bundles.
    GO:0090090    negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway    Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.
    GO:0060548    negative regulation of cell death    Any process that decreases the rate or frequency of cell death. Cell death is the specific activation or halting of processes within a cell so that its vital functions markedly cease, rather than simply deteriorating gradually over time, which culminates in cell death.
    GO:1902236    negative regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of an endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.
    GO:1903382    negative regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of an endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.
    GO:0010629    negative regulation of gene expression    Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
    GO:0033132    negative regulation of glucokinase activity    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glucokinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a glucose molecule.
    GO:0046676    negative regulation of insulin secretion    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin.
    GO:1902254    negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator.
    GO:0010637    negative regulation of mitochondrial fusion    Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of merging of two or more mitochondria within a cell to form a single compartment.
    GO:0043524    negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons.
    GO:1901215    negative regulation of neuron death    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron death.
    GO:1903202    negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced cell death    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oxidative stress-induced cell death.
    GO:1903377    negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oxidative stress-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.
    GO:1902283    negative regulation of primary amine oxidase activity    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of primary amine oxidase activity.
    GO:0001933    negative regulation of protein phosphorylation    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein.
    GO:2000378    negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of reactive oxygen species metabolic process.
    GO:0090201    negative regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria    Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, the process in which cytochrome c is enabled to move from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol, which is an early step in apoptosis and leads to caspase activation.
    GO:1904049    negative regulation of spontaneous neurotransmitter secretion    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of spontaneous neurotransmitter secretion.
    GO:0000122    negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
    GO:0070050    neuron cellular homeostasis    The cellular homeostatic process that preserves a neuron in a stable, differentiated functional and structural state.
    GO:0042415    norepinephrine metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving norepinephrine, a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla, and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts in the central nervous system. It is also the demethylated biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine.
    GO:0043388    positive regulation of DNA binding    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA binding. DNA binding is any process in which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
    GO:0043123    positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling.
    GO:1903861    positive regulation of dendrite extension    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite extension.
    GO:0010628    positive regulation of gene expression    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
    GO:0098779    positive regulation of macromitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization    The macromitophagy process that is triggered by a detection of the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential.
    GO:0090141    positive regulation of mitochondrial fission    Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of mitochondrial fission. Mitochondrial fission is the division of a mitochondrion within a cell to form two or more separate mitochondrial compartments.
    GO:0010636    positive regulation of mitochondrial fusion    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of merging of two or more mitochondria within a cell to form a single compartment.
    GO:0051582    positive regulation of neurotransmitter uptake    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into a neuron or glial cell.
    GO:1903378    positive regulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oxidative stress-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.
    GO:1901800    positive regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of proteasomal protein catabolic process.
    GO:0032436    positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome.
    GO:0045732    positive regulation of protein catabolic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds.
    GO:1902530    positive regulation of protein linear polyubiquitination    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein linear polyubiquitination.
    GO:0045944    positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
    GO:1903265    positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway.
    GO:0010498    proteasomal protein catabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome.
    GO:0043161    proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome.
    GO:0070979    protein K11-linked ubiquitination    A protein ubiquitination process in which ubiquitin monomers are attached to a protein, and then ubiquitin polymers are formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 11 of the ubiquitin monomers. K11-linked polyubiquitination targets the substrate protein for degradation. The anaphase-promoting complex promotes the degradation of mitotic regulators by assembling K11-linked polyubiquitin chains.
    GO:0044314    protein K27-linked ubiquitination    A protein ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 27 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a protein.
    GO:0035519    protein K29-linked ubiquitination    A protein ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 29 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a protein. K29-linked ubiquitination targets the substrate protein for degradation.
    GO:0070936    protein K48-linked ubiquitination    A protein ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 48 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a protein. K48-linked ubiquitination targets the substrate protein for degradation.
    GO:0085020    protein K6-linked ubiquitination    A protein ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 6 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a protein. K6-linked ubiquitination is involved in DNA repair.
    GO:0070534    protein K63-linked ubiquitination    A protein ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 63 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a protein. K63-linked ubiquitination does not target the substrate protein for degradation, but is involved in several pathways, notably as a signal to promote error-free DNA postreplication repair.
    GO:0051865    protein autoubiquitination    The ubiquitination by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues, or residues on an identical protein. Ubiquitination occurs on the lysine residue by formation of an isopeptide crosslink.
    GO:0031648    protein destabilization    Any process that decreases the stability of a protein, making it more vulnerable to degradative processes or aggregation.
    GO:0070585    protein localization to mitochondrion    A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the mitochondrion.
    GO:0019538    protein metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general. Includes protein modification.
    GO:0006513    protein monoubiquitination    Addition of a single ubiquitin group to a protein.
    GO:0000209    protein polyubiquitination    Addition of multiple ubiquitin groups to a protein, forming a ubiquitin chain.
    GO:0050821    protein stabilization    Any process involved in maintaining the structure and integrity of a protein and preventing it from degradation or aggregation.
    GO:0016567    protein ubiquitination    The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein.
    GO:0042787    protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process    The process in which a ubiquitin group, or multiple groups, are covalently attached to the target protein, thereby initiating the degradation of that protein.
    GO:0010506    regulation of autophagy    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm.
    GO:0060828    regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway    Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.
    GO:1900407    regulation of cellular response to oxidative stress    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to oxidative stress.
    GO:0042053    regulation of dopamine metabolic process    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine.
    GO:0014059    regulation of dopamine secretion    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of dopamine.
    GO:0010906    regulation of glucose metabolic process    Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of glucose metabolism. Glucose metabolic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose.
    GO:0032368    regulation of lipid transport    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
    GO:0051881    regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential    Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of the mitochondrial membrane potential, the electric potential existing across the mitochondrial membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.
    GO:0010821    regulation of mitochondrion organization    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion.
    GO:1903146    regulation of mitophagy    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrion degradation (mitophagy).
    GO:0046928    regulation of neurotransmitter secretion    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a neurotransmitter from a cell.
    GO:1903214    regulation of protein targeting to mitochondrion    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein targeting to mitochondrion.
    GO:0031396    regulation of protein ubiquitination    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of ubiquitin groups to a protein.
    GO:2000377    regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reactive oxygen species metabolic process.
    GO:1902803    regulation of synaptic vesicle transport    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle transport.
    GO:0006355    regulation of transcription, DNA-templated    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
    GO:0034976    response to endoplasmic reticulum stress    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stress acting at the endoplasmic reticulum. ER stress usually results from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen.
    GO:0006979    response to oxidative stress    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals.
    GO:0001964    startle response    An action or movement due to the application of a sudden unexpected stimulus.
    GO:0001963    synaptic transmission, dopaminergic    The vesicular release of dopamine. from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of dopamine receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
    GO:0035249    synaptic transmission, glutamatergic    The vesicular release of glutamate from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of glutamate receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
    GO:0006351    transcription, DNA-templated    The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA.
    GO:0055069    zinc ion homeostasis    Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of zinc ions within an organism or cell.
cellular component
    GO:0005794    Golgi apparatus    A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.
    GO:0071797    LUBAC complex    A ubiquitin ligase complex that catalyzes linear head-to-tail polyubiquitin conjugation on its targets. In human the complex consists of RBCK1, RNF31 and SHARPIN, and has an MW of approximately 600 kDa, suggesting a heteromultimeric assembly of its subunits. LUBAC stands for Linear Ubiquitin Chain Assembly Complex.
    GO:0097413    Lewy body    Cytoplasmic, spherical inclusion commonly found in damaged neurons, and composed of abnormally phosphorylated, neurofilament proteins aggregated with ubiquitin and alpha-synuclein.
    GO:1990452    Parkin-FBXW7-Cul1 ubiquitin ligase complex    A ubiquitin ligase complex containing Parkin (PARK2), the F-box protein FBXW7 (also called SEL-10) and a cullin from the Cul1 subfamily; substrate specificity is conferred by the F-box protein.
    GO:0019005    SCF ubiquitin ligase complex    A ubiquitin ligase complex in which a cullin from the Cul1 subfamily and a RING domain protein form the catalytic core; substrate specificity is conferred by a Skp1 adaptor and an F-box protein. SCF complexes are involved in targeting proteins for degradation by the proteasome. The best characterized complexes are those from yeast and mammals (with core subunits named Cdc53/Cul1, Rbx1/Hrt1/Roc1).
    GO:0016235    aggresome    An inclusion body formed by dynein-dependent retrograde transport of an aggregated protein on microtubules.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0005829    cytosol    The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
    GO:0005783    endoplasmic reticulum    The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached).
    GO:0005739    mitochondrion    A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.
    GO:0043005    neuron projection    A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.
    GO:0005634    nucleus    A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
    GO:0048471    perinuclear region of cytoplasm    Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus.
    GO:0098793    presynapse    The part of a synapse that is part of the presynaptic cell.
    GO:0043234    protein complex    A stable macromolecular complex composed (only) of two or more polypeptide subunits along with any covalently attached molecules (such as lipid anchors or oligosaccharide) or non-protein prosthetic groups (such as nucleotides or metal ions). Prosthetic group in this context refers to a tightly bound cofactor. The component polypeptide subunits may be identical.
    GO:0000151    ubiquitin ligase complex    A protein complex that includes a ubiquitin-protein ligase and enables ubiquitin protein ligase activity. The complex also contains other proteins that may confer substrate specificity on the complex.

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        PRKN_HUMAN | O602601iyf 4bm9 4i1f 4i1h 5c1z 5c23 5c9v 5n2w 5n38 5tr5

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