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(-) Description

Title :  1.6A CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE NON-HISTONE DOMAIN OF THE HISTONE VARIANT MACROH2A1.1.
 
Authors :  S. Chakravarthy, G. Y. S. K. Swamy, C. Caron, P. Y. Perche, J. R. Pehrson, S. Khochbin, K. Luger
Date :  23 Dec 04  (Deposition) - 27 Sep 05  (Release) - 24 Feb 09  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  1.60
Chains :  Asym. Unit :  A,B,C,D
Biol. Unit 1:  A  (1x)
Biol. Unit 2:  B  (1x)
Biol. Unit 3:  C  (1x)
Biol. Unit 4:  D  (1x)
Keywords :  Alpha-Beta Structure, A1Pp Domain, Macro-Domain, Structural Protein (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  S. Chakravarthy, S. K. Gundimella, C. Caron, P. Y. Perche, J. R. Pehrson, S. Khochbin, K. Luger
Structural Characterization Of The Histone Variant Macroh2A
Mol. Cell. Biol. V. 25 7616 2005
PubMed-ID: 16107708  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1128/MCB.25.17.7616-7624.2005
(for further references see the PDB file header)

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - CORE HISTONE MACRO-H2A.1
    ChainsA, B, C, D
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemESCHERICHIA COLI
    Expression System Taxid562
    FragmentNON-HISTONE DOMAIN
    GeneH2AFY
    Organism CommonNORWAY RAT
    Organism ScientificRATTUS NORVEGICUS
    Organism Taxid10116
    SynonymHISTONE MACROH2A1, MH2A1, H2A.Y, H2A/Y

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  1234
Asymmetric Unit ABCD
Biological Unit 1 (1x)A   
Biological Unit 2 (1x) B  
Biological Unit 3 (1x)  C 
Biological Unit 4 (1x)   D

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (1, 4)

Asymmetric Unit (1, 4)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1AU4Ligand/IonGOLD ION
Biological Unit 1 (0, 0)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1AU-1Ligand/IonGOLD ION
Biological Unit 2 (0, 0)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1AU-1Ligand/IonGOLD ION
Biological Unit 3 (0, 0)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1AU-1Ligand/IonGOLD ION
Biological Unit 4 (0, 0)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1AU-1Ligand/IonGOLD ION

(-) Sites  (4, 4)

Asymmetric Unit (4, 4)
No.NameEvidenceResiduesDescription
1AC1SOFTWARETRP B:102 , CYS B:107 , GLU B:108BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE AU B 3306
2AC2SOFTWARESER C:104 , CYS C:107BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE AU C 3307
3AC3SOFTWARETRP D:102 , CYS D:107 , GLU D:108 , HOH D:767BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE AU D 3308
4AC4SOFTWARESER A:104 , CYS A:107 , HOH A:649 , ARG D:139BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE AU A 3309

(-) SS Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "SS Bond" information available for 1YD9)

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 1YD9)

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (0, 0)

(no "SAP(SNP)/Variant" information available for 1YD9)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (1, 4)

Asymmetric Unit (1, 4)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1MACROPS51154 Macro domain profile.H2AY_RAT183-369
 
 
 
  4A:8-191
B:8-191
C:8-191
D:8-191
Biological Unit 1 (1, 1)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1MACROPS51154 Macro domain profile.H2AY_RAT183-369
 
 
 
  1A:8-191
-
-
-
Biological Unit 2 (1, 1)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1MACROPS51154 Macro domain profile.H2AY_RAT183-369
 
 
 
  1-
B:8-191
-
-
Biological Unit 3 (1, 1)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1MACROPS51154 Macro domain profile.H2AY_RAT183-369
 
 
 
  1-
-
C:8-191
-
Biological Unit 4 (1, 1)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1MACROPS51154 Macro domain profile.H2AY_RAT183-369
 
 
 
  1-
-
-
D:8-191

(-) Exons   (5, 20)

Asymmetric Unit (5, 20)
 ENSEMBLUniProtKBPDB
No.Transcript IDExonExon IDGenome LocationLengthIDLocationLengthCountLocationLength
1.1ENSRNOT000000517021ENSRNOE00000349513chr17:14457307-14457458152H2AY_RAT-00--
1.2ENSRNOT000000517022ENSRNOE00000339071chr17:14463822-14464026205H2AY_RAT1-58580--
1.3ENSRNOT000000517023ENSRNOE00000294386chr17:14488821-14488927107H2AY_RAT58-93360--
1.4ENSRNOT000000517024ENSRNOE00000109242chr17:14489269-14489466198H2AY_RAT94-159660--
1.5aENSRNOT000000517025aENSRNOE00000304223chr17:14496975-14497085111H2AY_RAT160-196374A:6-21
B:6-21
C:5-21
D:6-21
16
16
17
16
1.7ENSRNOT000000517027ENSRNOE00000355075chr17:14503032-14503131100H2AY_RAT197-230344A:22-52 (gaps)
B:22-52 (gaps)
C:22-52 (gaps)
D:22-52 (gaps)
34
34
34
34
1.9ENSRNOT000000517029ENSRNOE00000300985chr17:14509049-1450913890H2AY_RAT230-260314A:52-82
B:52-82
C:52-82
D:52-82
31
31
31
31
1.10ENSRNOT0000005170210ENSRNOE00000285906chr17:14510982-14511156175H2AY_RAT260-318594A:82-140
B:82-140
C:82-140
D:82-140
59
59
59
59
1.11ENSRNOT0000005170211ENSRNOE00000330832chr17:14520258-14520943686H2AY_RAT318-372554A:140-193
B:140-192
C:140-191
D:140-193
54
53
52
54

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:188
 aligned with H2AY_RAT | Q02874 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:371

    Alignment length:191
                                   190       200       210       220       230       240       250       260       270       280       290       300       310       320       330       340       350       360       370 
             H2AY_RAT   181 GFTVLSTKSLFLGQKLNLIHSEISNLAGFEVEAIINPTNADIDLKDDLGSTLEKKGGKEFVEAVLELRKKNGPLEVAGAAVSAGHGLPAKFVIHCNSPVWGADKCEELLEKTVKNCLALADDRKLKSIAFPSIGSGRNGFPKQTAAQLILKAISSYFVSTMSSSIKTVYFVLFDSESIGIYVQEMAKLDAN 371
               SCOP domains d1yd9a1 A:6-193 Histone mac   ro-H2a1.1                                                                                                                                                         SCOP domains
               CATH domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ...eeeeee.....eeeee..hhhhh.---..eeeee........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh......eeeee.......eeeee........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeee..........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh........eeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhh..... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE --MACRO  PDB: A:8-191 UniProt: 183-369                                                                                                                                                       -- PROSITE
           Transcript 1 (1) Exon 1.5a       Exon 1.7  PDB: A:22-52 (gaps)     -----------------------------Exon 1.10  PDB: A:82-140 UniProt: 260-318                  ----------------------------------------------------- Transcript 1 (1)
           Transcript 1 (2) -------------------------------------------------Exon 1.9  PDB: A:52-82         ---------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.11  PDB: A:140-193 UniProt: 318-372             Transcript 1 (2)
                 1yd9 A   6 GFTVLSTKSLFLGQKLQVVQADIASID---SDAVVHPTNTDFYIGGEVGSTLEKKGGKEFVEAVLELRKKNGPLEVAGAAVSAGHGLPAKFVIHCNSPVWGSDKCEELLEKTVKNCLALADDRKLKSIAFPSIGSGRNGFPKQTAAQLILKAISSYFVSTMSSSIKTVYFVLFDSESIGIYVQEMAKLDAN 193
                                    15        25      |  -|       42        52        62        72        82        92       102       112       122       132       142       152       162       172       182       192 
                                                     32  33                                                                                                                                                                

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:187
 aligned with H2AY_RAT | Q02874 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:371

    Alignment length:190
                                   190       200       210       220       230       240       250       260       270       280       290       300       310       320       330       340       350       360       370
             H2AY_RAT   181 GFTVLSTKSLFLGQKLNLIHSEISNLAGFEVEAIINPTNADIDLKDDLGSTLEKKGGKEFVEAVLELRKKNGPLEVAGAAVSAGHGLPAKFVIHCNSPVWGADKCEELLEKTVKNCLALADDRKLKSIAFPSIGSGRNGFPKQTAAQLILKAISSYFVSTMSSSIKTVYFVLFDSESIGIYVQEMAKLDA 370
               SCOP domains d1yd9b_ B: automated matche   s                                                                                                                                                                SCOP domains
               CATH domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ..eeeeeee.....eeeeee.......---..eeeee........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh......eeeee.......eeeee........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeee.........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh......eeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhh.... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE --MACRO  PDB: B:8-191 UniProt: 183-369                                                                                                                                                       - PROSITE
           Transcript 1 (1) Exon 1.5a       Exon 1.7  PDB: B:22-52 (gaps)     -----------------------------Exon 1.10  PDB: B:82-140 UniProt: 260-318                  ---------------------------------------------------- Transcript 1 (1)
           Transcript 1 (2) -------------------------------------------------Exon 1.9  PDB: B:52-82         ---------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.11  PDB: B:140-192 UniProt: 318-372            Transcript 1 (2)
                 1yd9 B   6 GFTVLSTKSLFLGQKLQVVQADIASID---SDAVVHPTNTDFYIGGEVGSTLEKKGGKEFVEAVLELRKKNGPLEVAGAAVSAGHGLPAKFVIHCNSPVWGSDKCEELLEKTVKNCLALADDRKLKSIAFPSIGSGRNGFPKQTAAQLILKAISSYFVSTMSSSIKTVYFVLFDSESIGIYVQEMAKLDA 192
                                    15        25      |  -|       42        52        62        72        82        92       102       112       122       132       142       152       162       172       182       192
                                                     32  33                                                                                                                                                               

Chain C from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:187
 aligned with H2AY_RAT | Q02874 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:371

    Alignment length:190
                                   189       199       209       219       229       239       249       259       269       279       289       299       309       319       329       339       349       359       369
             H2AY_RAT   180 DGFTVLSTKSLFLGQKLNLIHSEISNLAGFEVEAIINPTNADIDLKDDLGSTLEKKGGKEFVEAVLELRKKNGPLEVAGAAVSAGHGLPAKFVIHCNSPVWGADKCEELLEKTVKNCLALADDRKLKSIAFPSIGSGRNGFPKQTAAQLILKAISSYFVSTMSSSIKTVYFVLFDSESIGIYVQEMAKLD 369
               SCOP domains d1yd9c_ C: automated matches                                                                                                                                                                   SCOP domains
               CATH domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ....eeeeee.....eeeee........---..eeeeee.......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh......eeeee.......eeeeee.......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeee..........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh......eeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ---MACRO  PDB: C:8-191 UniProt: 183-369                                                                                                                                                        PROSITE
           Transcript 1 (1) Exon 1.5a        Exon 1.7  PDB: C:22-52 (gaps)     -----------------------------Exon 1.10  PDB: C:82-140 UniProt: 260-318                  --------------------------------------------------- Transcript 1 (1)
           Transcript 1 (2) --------------------------------------------------Exon 1.9  PDB: C:52-82         ---------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.11  PDB: C:140-191 UniProt: 318-372           Transcript 1 (2)
                 1yd9 C   5 SGFTVLSTKSLFLGQKLQVVQADIASID---SDAVVHPTNTDFYIGGEVGSTLEKKGGKEFVEAVLELRKKNGPLEVAGAAVSAGHGLPAKFVIHCNSPVWGSDKCEELLEKTVKNCLALADDRKLKSIAFPSIGSGRNGFPKQTAAQLILKAISSYFVSTMSSSIKTVYFVLFDSESIGIYVQEMAKLD 191
                                    14        24       | - |      41        51        61        71        81        91       101       111       121       131       141       151       161       171       181       191
                                                      32  33                                                                                                                                                              

Chain D from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:188
 aligned with H2AY_RAT | Q02874 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:371

    Alignment length:191
                                   190       200       210       220       230       240       250       260       270       280       290       300       310       320       330       340       350       360       370 
             H2AY_RAT   181 GFTVLSTKSLFLGQKLNLIHSEISNLAGFEVEAIINPTNADIDLKDDLGSTLEKKGGKEFVEAVLELRKKNGPLEVAGAAVSAGHGLPAKFVIHCNSPVWGADKCEELLEKTVKNCLALADDRKLKSIAFPSIGSGRNGFPKQTAAQLILKAISSYFVSTMSSSIKTVYFVLFDSESIGIYVQEMAKLDAN 371
               SCOP domains d1yd9d_ D: automated matche   s                                                                                                                                                                 SCOP domains
               CATH domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
           Pfam domains (1) ------------------------------------------------Macro-1yd9D01 D:51-151                                                                               ------------------------------------------ Pfam domains (1)
           Pfam domains (2) ------------------------------------------------Macro-1yd9D02 D:51-151                                                                               ------------------------------------------ Pfam domains (2)
           Pfam domains (3) ------------------------------------------------Macro-1yd9D03 D:51-151                                                                               ------------------------------------------ Pfam domains (3)
           Pfam domains (4) ------------------------------------------------Macro-1yd9D04 D:51-151                                                                               ------------------------------------------ Pfam domains (4)
         Sec.struct. author .eeeeeeee.....eeeeeee.hhhh.---..eeeee........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh......eeeee.......eeeee........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeee..........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh......eeeee..hhhhhhhhhhhhh..... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE --MACRO  PDB: D:8-191 UniProt: 183-369                                                                                                                                                       -- PROSITE
           Transcript 1 (1) Exon 1.5a       Exon 1.7  PDB: D:22-52 (gaps)     -----------------------------Exon 1.10  PDB: D:82-140 UniProt: 260-318                  ----------------------------------------------------- Transcript 1 (1)
           Transcript 1 (2) -------------------------------------------------Exon 1.9  PDB: D:52-82         ---------------------------------------------------------Exon 1.11  PDB: D:140-193 UniProt: 318-372             Transcript 1 (2)
                 1yd9 D   6 GFTVLSTKSLFLGQKLQVVQADIASID---SDAVVHPTNTDFYIGGEVGSTLEKKGGKEFVEAVLELRKKNGPLEVAGAAVSAGHGLPAKFVIHCNSPVWGSDKCEELLEKTVKNCLALADDRKLKSIAFPSIGSGRNGFPKQTAAQLILKAISSYFVSTMSSSIKTVYFVLFDSESIGIYVQEMAKLDAN 193
                                    15        25      |  -|       42        52        62        72        82        92       102       112       122       132       142       152       162       172       182       192 
                                                     32  33                                                                                                                                                                

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (2, 4)

Asymmetric Unit

(-) CATH Domains  (0, 0)

(no "CATH Domain" information available for 1YD9)

(-) Pfam Domains  (1, 4)

Asymmetric Unit
(-)
Clan: MACRO (14)

(-) Gene Ontology  (45, 45)

Asymmetric Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A,B,C,D   (H2AY_RAT | Q02874)
molecular function
    GO:0003677    DNA binding    Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively and non-covalently with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
    GO:0000979    RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the regulatory region composed of the transcription start site and binding sites for transcription factors of the RNA polymerase II basal transcription machinery.
    GO:0000977    RNA polymerase II regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific sequence of DNA that is part of a regulatory region that controls the transcription of a gene or cistron by RNA polymerase II.
    GO:0031490    chromatin DNA binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA that is assembled into chromatin.
    GO:0003682    chromatin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chromatin, the network of fibers of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that make up the chromosomes of the eukaryotic nucleus during interphase.
    GO:0001046    core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is part of a core promoter region composed of the transcription start site and binding sites for the basal transcription machinery. The transcribed region might be described as a gene, cistron, or operon.
    GO:0010385    double-stranded methylated DNA binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded methylated DNA. Methylation of cytosine or adenine in DNA is an important mechanism for establishing stable heritable epigenetic marks.
    GO:0003674    molecular_function    Elemental activities, such as catalysis or binding, describing the actions of a gene product at the molecular level. A given gene product may exhibit one or more molecular functions.
    GO:0031492    nucleosomal DNA binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the DNA portion of a nucleosome.
    GO:0046982    protein heterodimerization activity    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nonidentical protein to form a heterodimer.
    GO:0019901    protein kinase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate.
    GO:0030291    protein serine/threonine kinase inhibitor activity    Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a protein serine/threonine kinase.
    GO:0000182    rDNA binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA sequences encoding ribosomal RNA.
    GO:0044212    transcription regulatory region DNA binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a DNA region that regulates the transcription of a region of DNA, which may be a gene, cistron, or operon. Binding may occur as a sequence specific interaction or as an interaction observed only once a factor has been recruited to the DNA by other factors.
biological process
    GO:0008150    biological_process    Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end.
    GO:0006342    chromatin silencing    Repression of transcription by altering the structure of chromatin, e.g. by conversion of large regions of DNA into an inaccessible state often called heterochromatin.
    GO:0007549    dosage compensation    Compensating for the variation in the unpaired sex chromosome:autosome chromosome ratios between sexes by activation or inactivation of genes on one or both of the sex chromosomes.
    GO:0071169    establishment of protein localization to chromatin    The directed movement of a protein to a part of a chromosome that is organized into chromatin.
    GO:1902750    negative regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell cycle G2/M phase transition.
    GO:0045814    negative regulation of gene expression, epigenetic    Any epigenetic process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of gene expression.
    GO:0061086    negative regulation of histone H3-K27 methylation    Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of histone H3-K27 methylation. Histone H3-K27 methylation is the modification of histone H3 by addition of a methyl group to lysine at position 27 of the histone.
    GO:0051572    negative regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent addition of a methyl group to the lysine at position 4 of histone H3.
    GO:0033128    negative regulation of histone phosphorylation    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of one or more phosphate groups to a histone protein.
    GO:0071901    negative regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity    Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein serine/threonine kinase activity.
    GO:0000122    negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
    GO:1901837    negative regulation of transcription of nuclear large rRNA transcript from RNA polymerase I promoter    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription of nuclear large rRNA transcript from RNA polymerase I promoter.
    GO:0006334    nucleosome assembly    The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA.
    GO:0045815    positive regulation of gene expression, epigenetic    Any epigenetic process that activates or increases the rate of gene expression.
    GO:0045618    positive regulation of keratinocyte differentiation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte differentiation.
    GO:0040029    regulation of gene expression, epigenetic    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression; the process is mitotically or meiotically heritable, or is stably self-propagated in the cytoplasm of a resting cell, and does not entail a change in DNA sequence.
    GO:0031060    regulation of histone methylation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent addition of methyl groups to histones.
    GO:0019216    regulation of lipid metabolic process    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids.
cellular component
    GO:0001740    Barr body    A structure found in a female mammalian cell containing an unpaired X chromosome that has become densely heterochromatic, silenced and localized at the nuclear periphery.
    GO:0035098    ESC/E(Z) complex    A multimeric protein complex that can methylate lysine-27 and lysine-9 residues of histone H3. In Drosophila the core subunits of the complex include ESC, E(Z), CAF1 (NURF-55) and SU(Z)12. In mammals the core subunits of the complex include EED, EZH2, SUZ12 and RBBP4.
    GO:0000785    chromatin    The ordered and organized complex of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that forms the chromosome.
    GO:0005694    chromosome    A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information.
    GO:0000793    condensed chromosome    A highly compacted molecule of DNA and associated proteins resulting in a cytologically distinct structure.
    GO:0070062    extracellular exosome    A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
    GO:0000790    nuclear chromatin    The ordered and organized complex of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that forms the chromosome in the nucleus.
    GO:0000228    nuclear chromosome    A chromosome that encodes the nuclear genome and is found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell during the cell cycle phases when the nucleus is intact.
    GO:0000784    nuclear chromosome, telomeric region    The terminal region of a linear nuclear chromosome that includes the telomeric DNA repeats and associated proteins.
    GO:0005730    nucleolus    A small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is rich in RNA and protein, is not bounded by a limiting membrane, and is not seen during mitosis. Its prime function is the transcription of the nucleolar DNA into 45S ribosomal-precursor RNA, the processing of this RNA into 5.8S, 18S, and 28S components of ribosomal RNA, and the association of these components with 5S RNA and proteins synthesized outside the nucleolus. This association results in the formation of ribonucleoprotein precursors; these pass into the cytoplasm and mature into the 40S and 60S subunits of the ribosome.
    GO:0000786    nucleosome    A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures.
    GO:0005634    nucleus    A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
    GO:0005721    pericentric heterochromatin    Heterochromatin that is located adjacent to the CENP-A rich centromere 'central core' and characterized by the modified histone H3K9me3.

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1bfr
1hjz STRUCTURE OF STAND ALONE ARCHEAL PROTEIN AF1521.
1vhu