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(-) Description

Title :  THE SOLUTION STRUCTURES OF HUMAN OREXIN-A
 
Authors :  T. Ikegami, T. Takai
Date :  08 Nov 04  (Deposition) - 30 Nov 04  (Release) - 27 May 08  (Revision)
Method :  SOLUTION NMR
Resolution :  NOT APPLICABLE
Chains :  NMR Structure  :  A  (30x)
Keywords :  Hypocretin, Orexin, Gpcr, Orphan G-Protein Coupled Receptor, Narcolepsy, Neuropeptide (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  T. Takai, T. Takaya, M. Nakano, H. Akutsu, A. Nakagawa, S. Aimoto, K. Nagai, T. Ikegami
Orexin-A Is Composed Of A Highly Conserved C-Terminal And A Specific, Hydrophilic N-Terminal Region, Revealing The Structural Basis Of Specific Recognition By The Orexin-1 Receptor
J. Pept. Sci. V. 12 443 2006
PubMed-ID: 16429482  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1002/PSC.747
(for further references see the PDB file header)

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - OREXIN-A
    ChainsA
    EngineeredYES
    Other DetailsTHIS SEQUENCE OCCURS NATURALLY IN HUMANS.
    SynonymHYPOCRETIN-1
    SyntheticYES

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  
NMR Structure (30x)

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (2, 2)

NMR Structure (2, 2)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1NH21Mod. Amino AcidAMINO GROUP
2PCA1Mod. Amino AcidPYROGLUTAMIC ACID

(-) Sites  (1, 1)

NMR Structure (1, 1)
No.NameEvidenceResiduesDescription
1AC1SOFTWAREGLY A:29 , ILE A:30 , LEU A:31 , THR A:32 , LEU A:33BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE NH2 A 34

(-) SS Bonds  (2, 2)

NMR Structure
No.Residues
1A:6 -A:12
2A:7 -A:14

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 1WSO)

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (0, 0)

(no "SAP(SNP)/Variant" information available for 1WSO)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (0, 0)

(no "PROSITE Motif" information available for 1WSO)

(-) Exons   (1, 1)

NMR Structure (1, 1)
 ENSEMBLUniProtKBPDB
No.Transcript IDExonExon IDGenome LocationLengthIDLocationLengthCountLocationLength
1.1ENST000002933301ENSE00001059071chr17:40337470-40337363108OREX_HUMAN1-770--
1.2ENST000002933302ENSE00001059073chr17:40336546-40336078469OREX_HUMAN8-1311241A:1-3434

(-) Sequences/Alignments

NMR Structure
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:34
 aligned with OREX_HUMAN | O43612 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:131

    Alignment length:34
                                    43        53        63    
            OREX_HUMAN   34 QPLPDCCRQKTCSCRLYELLHGAGNHAAGILTLG 67
               SCOP domains d1wsoa_ A: Orexin                  SCOP domains
               CATH domains ---------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains -Orexin-1wsoA01 A:2-33           - Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ....hhhhhh....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ---------------------------------- PROSITE
               Transcript 1 Exon 1.2  PDB: A:1-34 [INCOMPLETE] Transcript 1
                  1wso A  1 xPLPDCCRQKTCSCRLYELLHGAGNHAAGILTLx 34
                            |       10        20        30   |
                            |                               34-NH2
                            1-PCA                             

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  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (1, 1)

NMR Structure
(-)
Class: Peptides (792)

(-) CATH Domains  (0, 0)

(no "CATH Domain" information available for 1WSO)

(-) Pfam Domains  (1, 1)

NMR Structure

(-) Gene Ontology  (29, 29)

NMR Structure(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A   (OREX_HUMAN | O43612)
molecular function
    GO:0005184    neuropeptide hormone activity    The action characteristic of a neuropeptide hormone, any peptide hormone that acts in the central nervous system. A neuropeptide is any of several types of molecules found in brain tissue, composed of short chains of amino acids; they include endorphins, enkephalins, vasopressin, and others. They are often localized in axon terminals at synapses and are classified as putative neurotransmitters, although some are also hormones.
    GO:0031771    type 1 hypocretin receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a type 1 hypocretin receptor.
    GO:0031772    type 2 hypocretin receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a type 2 hypocretin receptor.
biological process
    GO:0007268    chemical synaptic transmission    The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.
    GO:0042755    eating behavior    The specific behavior of an organism relating to the intake of food, any substance (usually solid) that can be metabolized by an organism to give energy and build tissue.
    GO:0060079    excitatory postsynaptic potential    A process that leads to a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential.
    GO:0007631    feeding behavior    Behavior associated with the intake of food.
    GO:0008156    negative regulation of DNA replication    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication.
    GO:0043267    negative regulation of potassium ion transport    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
    GO:0051970    negative regulation of transmission of nerve impulse    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transmission of a nerve impulse, the sequential electrochemical polarization and depolarization that travels across the membrane of a neuron in response to stimulation.
    GO:0007218    neuropeptide signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a peptide neurotransmitter binding to a cell surface receptor.
    GO:0007200    phospholipase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation of phospholipase C (PLC) and a subsequent increase in the concentration of inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG).
    GO:0051928    positive regulation of calcium ion transport    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
    GO:0007204    positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration    Any process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol.
    GO:0051971    positive regulation of transmission of nerve impulse    Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transmission of a nerve impulse, the sequential electrochemical polarization and depolarization that travels across the membrane of a neuron in response to stimulation.
    GO:0007205    protein kinase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation of protein kinase C (PKC). PKC is activated by second messengers including diacylglycerol (DAG).
    GO:0046928    regulation of neurotransmitter secretion    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a neurotransmitter from a cell.
cellular component
    GO:0030054    cell junction    A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. At a cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0031410    cytoplasmic vesicle    A vesicle found in the cytoplasm of a cell.
    GO:0005829    cytosol    The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
    GO:0005783    endoplasmic reticulum    The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached).
    GO:0005576    extracellular region    The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
    GO:0048471    perinuclear region of cytoplasm    Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus.
    GO:0098794    postsynapse    The part of a synapse that is part of the post-synaptic cell.
    GO:0005791    rough endoplasmic reticulum    The rough (or granular) endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has ribosomes adhering to the outer surface; the ribosomes are the site of translation of the mRNA for those proteins which are either to be retained within the cisternae (ER-resident proteins), the proteins of the lysosomes, or the proteins destined for export from the cell. Glycoproteins undergo their initial glycosylation within the cisternae.
    GO:0030141    secretory granule    A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. Secretory granules move towards the periphery of the cell and upon stimulation, their membranes fuse with the cell membrane, and their protein load is exteriorized. Processing of the contained protein may take place in secretory granules.
    GO:0045202    synapse    The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron, muscle fiber or glial cell. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.
    GO:0008021    synaptic vesicle    A secretory organelle, typically 50 nm in diameter, of presynaptic nerve terminals; accumulates in high concentrations of neurotransmitters and secretes these into the synaptic cleft by fusion with the 'active zone' of the presynaptic plasma membrane.

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 Related Entries

(-) Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
        OREX_HUMAN | O436121cq0 1r02 1uvq

(-) Related Entries Specified in the PDB File

1cq0 THE STRUCTURE OF OREXIN-B.
1r02 THE STRUCTURE OF OREXIN-A.