molecular function |
| GO:0051020 | | GTPase binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a GTPase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP. |
| GO:0003779 | | actin binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments. |
| GO:0051015 | | actin filament binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an actin filament, also known as F-actin, a helical filamentous polymer of globular G-actin subunits. |
| GO:0044325 | | ion channel binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on an ion channel, a protein complex that spans a membrane and forms a water-filled channel across the phospholipid bilayer allowing selective ion transport down its electrochemical gradient. |
| GO:0008022 | | protein C-terminus binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein C-terminus, the end of any peptide chain at which the 1-carboxy function of a constituent amino acid is not attached in peptide linkage to another amino-acid residue. |
| GO:0005515 | | protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| GO:0032403 | | protein complex binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| GO:0019904 | | protein domain specific binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific domain of a protein. |
| GO:0042803 | | protein homodimerization activity | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer. |
| GO:0019901 | | protein kinase binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate. |
| GO:0008157 | | protein phosphatase 1 binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the enzyme protein phosphatase 1. |
biological process |
| GO:0007015 | | actin filament organization | | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments. Includes processes that control the spatial distribution of actin filaments, such as organizing filaments into meshworks, bundles, or other structures, as by cross-linking. |
| GO:0007568 | | aging | | A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700). |
| GO:0019722 | | calcium-mediated signaling | | Any intracellular signal transduction in which the signal is passed on within the cell via calcium ions. |
| GO:0030154 | | cell differentiation | | The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state. |
| GO:0097237 | | cellular response to toxic substance | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a toxic stimulus. |
| GO:0060079 | | excitatory postsynaptic potential | | A process that leads to a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential. |
| GO:0007275 | | multicellular organism development | | The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult). |
| GO:1900272 | | negative regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of long-term synaptic potentiation. |
| GO:1904049 | | negative regulation of spontaneous neurotransmitter secretion | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of spontaneous neurotransmitter secretion. |
| GO:0051497 | | negative regulation of stress fiber assembly | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly a stress fiber, a bundle of microfilaments and other proteins found in fibroblasts. |
| GO:0007399 | | nervous system development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state. |
| GO:0048666 | | neuron development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. |
| GO:0031175 | | neuron projection development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites). |
| GO:0060999 | | positive regulation of dendritic spine development | | Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of dendritic spine development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dendritic spine over time, from its formation to the mature structure. |
| GO:1900454 | | positive regulation of long term synaptic depression | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of long term synaptic depression. |
| GO:0010976 | | positive regulation of neuron projection development | | Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection development. Neuron projection development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites). |
| GO:0045860 | | positive regulation of protein kinase activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity. |
| GO:0030833 | | regulation of actin filament polymerization | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of actin filaments by the addition of actin monomers to a filament. |
| GO:0061001 | | regulation of dendritic spine morphogenesis | | Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of dendritic spine morphogenesis, the process in which the anatomical structures of a dendritic spine are generated and organized. A dendritic spine is a protrusion from a dendrite and a specialized subcellular compartment involved in synaptic transmission. |
| GO:0051489 | | regulation of filopodium assembly | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of a filopodium, a thin, stiff protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal growth cone. |
| GO:0051963 | | regulation of synapse assembly | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synapse assembly, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a synapse. |
| GO:0051823 | | regulation of synapse structural plasticity | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synapse structural plasticity. Synapse structural plasticity is a type of cytoskeletal remodeling; this remodeling is induced by stimuli that can lead to long term potentiation and it can be activity-dependent or -independent. Examples of cytoskeletal changes include the formation of new spines and increase in spine size; this can be accompanied by the insertion of greater numbers of glutamate (or other neurotransmitter) receptors into the post-synaptic membrane. |
cellular component |
| GO:0015629 | | actin cytoskeleton | | The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes. |
| GO:0030054 | | cell junction | | A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. At a cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix. |
| GO:0030864 | | cortical actin cytoskeleton | | The portion of the actin cytoskeleton, comprising filamentous actin and associated proteins, that lies just beneath the plasma membrane. |
| GO:0005737 | | cytoplasm | | All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| GO:0005856 | | cytoskeleton | | Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles. |
| GO:0005829 | | cytosol | | The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. |
| GO:0030425 | | dendrite | | A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, often branched, morphology, receives and integrates signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conducts a nerve impulse towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body. |
| GO:0043197 | | dendritic spine | | A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment - typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable including "thin", "stubby", "mushroom", and "branched", with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity. |
| GO:0044326 | | dendritic spine neck | | Part of the dendritic spine that connects the dendritic shaft to the head of the dendritic spine. |
| GO:0030175 | | filopodium | | Thin, stiff, actin-based protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal or dendritic growth cone, or a dendritic shaft. |
| GO:0030426 | | growth cone | | The migrating motile tip of a growing nerve cell axon or dendrite. |
| GO:1990761 | | growth cone lamellipodium | | A thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of an axonal or dendritic growth cone; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments. |
| GO:0030027 | | lamellipodium | | A thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of a migrating cell or extending cell process; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments. |
| GO:0031594 | | neuromuscular junction | | The junction between the axon of a motor neuron and a muscle fiber. In response to the arrival of action potentials, the presynaptic button releases molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane of the muscle fiber, leading to a change in post-synaptic potential. |
| GO:0043005 | | neuron projection | | A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite. |
| GO:0043025 | | neuronal cell body | | The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites. |
| GO:0014069 | | postsynaptic density of dendrite | | An electron dense network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane of the dendrite of asymetric synapses. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. |
| GO:0045202 | | synapse | | The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron, muscle fiber or glial cell. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane. |