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(-) Description

Title :  CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE ANTHRAX LETHAL FACTOR (LF): WILD-TYPE LF COMPLEXED WITH THE N-TERMINAL SEQUENCE OF MAPKK2
 
Authors :  A. D. Pannifer, T. Y. Wong, R. Schwarzenbacher, M. Renatus, C. Petosa, R. J. Collier, J. Bienkowska, D. B. Lacy, S. Park, S. H. Leppla, P. Hanna R. C. Liddington
Date :  13 Jul 01  (Deposition) - 07 Nov 01  (Release) - 08 Feb 17  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  3.90
Chains :  Asym./Biol. Unit :  A,B
Keywords :  Lethal Toxin, Mek2, Mapkk, Uncleaved Substrate, Protease-Substrate Complex, Toxin (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  A. D. Pannifer, T. Y. Wong, R. Schwarzenbacher, M. Renatus, C. Petosa, J. Bienkowska, D. B. Lacy, R. J. Collier, S. Park, S. H. Leppla, P. Hanna R. C. Liddington
Crystal Structure Of The Anthrax Lethal Factor.
Nature V. 414 229 2001
PubMed-ID: 11700563  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1038/N35101998

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - LETHAL FACTOR
    ChainsA
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemBACILLUS ANTHRACIS
    Expression System StrainBH441
    Expression System Taxid1392
    Organism ScientificBACILLUS ANTHRACIS
    Organism Taxid1392
    Other DetailsMATURE FORM
    SynonymLF
 
Molecule 2 - MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE 2
    ChainsB
    EC Number2.7.1.-
    EngineeredYES
    FragmentN-TERMINUS
    Other DetailsTHIS PROTEIN WAS CHEMICALLY SYNTHESIZED. IT IS BASED ON A SEQUENCE FROM HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN).
    SynonymMAPKK2, MEK2
    SyntheticYES

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  12
Asymmetric/Biological Unit AB

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (0, 0)

(no "Ligand,Modified Residues,Ions" information available for 1JKY)

(-) Sites  (0, 0)

(no "Site" information available for 1JKY)

(-) SS Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "SS Bond" information available for 1JKY)

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 1JKY)

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (1, 1)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (1, 1)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_LEF_BACAN_001 *A299SLEF_BACAN  ---  ---AS266S
   * ID not provided by source

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (1, 1)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (1, 1)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1ZINC_PROTEASEPS00142 Neutral zinc metallopeptidases, zinc-binding region signature.LEF_BACAN716-725  1A:683-692

(-) Exons   (0, 0)

(no "Exon" information available for 1JKY)

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:748
 aligned with LEF_BACAN | P15917 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:809

    Alignment length:748
                                    71        81        91       101       111       121       131       141       151       161       171       181       191       201       211       221       231       241       251       261       271       281       291       301       311       321       331       341       351       361       371       381       391       401       411       421       431       441       451       461       471       481       491       501       511       521       531       541       551       561       571       581       591       601       611       621       631       641       651       661       671       681       691       701       711       721       731       741       751       761       771       781       791       801        
            LEF_BACAN    62 NKTQEEHLKEIMKHIVKIEVKGEEAVKKEAAEKLLEKVPSDVLEMYKAIGGKIYIVDGDITKHISLEALSEDKKKIKDIYGKDALLHEHYVYAKEGYEPVLVIQSSEDYVENTEKALNVYYEIGKILSRDILSKINQPYQKFLDVLNTIKNASDSDGQDLLFTNQLKEHPTDFSVEFLEQNSNEVQEVFAKAFAYYIEPQHRDVLQLYAPEAFNYMDKFNEQEINLSLEELKDQRMLARYEKWEKIKQHYQHWSDSLSEEGRGLLKKLQIPIEPKKDDIIHSLSQEEKELLKRIQIDSSDFLSTEEKEFLKKLQIDIRDSLSEEEKELLNRIQVDSSNPLSEKEKEFLKKLKLDIQPYDINQRLQDTGGLIDSPSINLDVRKQYKRDIQNIDALLHQSIGSTLYNKIYLYENMNINNLTATLGADLVDSTDNTKINRGIFNEFKKNFKYSISSNYMIVDINERPALDNERLKWRIQLSPDTRAGYLENGKLILQRNIGLEIKDVQIIKQSEKEYIRIDAKVVPKSKIDTKIQEAQLNINQEWNKALGLPKYTKLITFNVHNRYASNIVESAYLILNEWKNNIQSDLIKKVTNYLVDGNGRFVFTDITLPNIAEQYTHQDEIYEQVHSKGLYVPESRSILLHGPSKGVELRNDSEGFIHEFGHAVDDYAGYLLDKNQSDLVTNSKKFIDIFKEEGSNLTSYGRTNEAEFFAEAFRLMHSTDHAERLKVQKNAPKTFQFINDQIKFIINS 809
               SCOP domains d1jkya1 A:29-263 Anthrax toxin lethal factor, N- and C-terminal domains                                                                                                                                                                    d1jkya3 A:264-550 Anthrax toxin lethal factor, middle domain                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   d1jkya2 A:551-776 Anthrax toxin lethal factor, N- and C-terminal domains                                                                                                                                                           SCOP domains
               CATH domains 1jkyA01 A:29-248 Collagenase (Catalytic Domain)                                                                                                                                                                             --------------1jkyA02 A:263-297,A:385-550        -----1jkyA03 A:303-382 Anthrax toxin lethal factor, domain 3, chain A                --1jkyA02 A:263-297,A:385-550 Toxin ADP-ribosyltransferase; Chain A, domain 1                                                                                           -1jkyA04 A:552-772 Collagenase (Catalytic Domain)                                                                                                                                                                             ---- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .........hhhhh.ee........hhhhhhhhhhhh..hhhhhhhhh....ee....................................eeee.....eeee.............hhhhhhhhhhhhh..........hhhhhhhhhh......hhhhhh.hhhhhhh....hhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhh.......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhh.....hhhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhh........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhh........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh......................hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...............eeehhhhhhhhhhh...........hhhhhhhhhh...eeee...eeee...........eee.........eeee...eeee...eeee.....eeee..eeee.....eehhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.........ee.......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh....eeee......hhhhhh..............eehhhheeeee..........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..............hhhhhhhhhhhh.........hhhhhhhhhhhhh...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------S------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ZINC_PROTE------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PROSITE
                 Transcript ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 1jky A  29 NKTQEEHLKEIMKHIVKIEVKGEEAVKKEAAEKLLEKVPSDVLEMYKAIGGKIYIVDGDITKHISLEALSEDKKKIKDIYGKDALLHEHYVYAKEGYEPVLVIQSSEDYVENTEKALNVYYEIGKILSRDILSKINQPYQKFLDVLNTIKNASDSDGQDLLFTNQLKEHPTDFSVEFLEQNSNEVQEVFAKAFAYYIEPQHRDVLQLYAPEAFNYMDKFNEQEINLSLEELKDQRMLSRYEKWEKIKQHYQHWSDSLSEEGRGLLKKLQIPIEPKKDDIIHSLSQEEKELLKRIQIDSSDFLSTEEKEFLKKLQIDIRDSLSEEEKELLNRIQVDSSNPLSEKEKEFLKKLKLDIQPYDINQRLQDTGGLIDSPSINLDVRKQYKRDIQNIDALLHQSIGSTLYNKIYLYENMNINNLTATLGADLVDSTDNTKINRGIFNEFKKNFKYSISSNYMIVDINERPALDNERLKWRIQLSPDTRAGYLENGKLILQRNIGLEIKDVQIIKQSEKEYIRIDAKVVPKSKIDTKIQEAQLNINQEWNKALGLPKYTKLITFNVHNRYASNIVESAYLILNEWKNNIQSDLIKKVTNYLVDGNGRFVFTDITLPNIAEQYTHQDEIYEQVHSKGLYVPESRSILLHGPSKGVELRNDSEGFIHEFGHAVDDYAGYLLDKNQSDLVTNSKKFIDIFKEEGSNLTSYGRTNEAEFFAEAFRLMHSTDHAERLKVQKNAPKTFQFINDQIKFIINS 776
                                    38        48        58        68        78        88        98       108       118       128       138       148       158       168       178       188       198       208       218       228       238       248       258       268       278       288       298       308       318       328       338       348       358       368       378       388       398       408       418       428       438       448       458       468       478       488       498       508       518       528       538       548       558       568       578       588       598       608       618       628       638       648       658       668       678       688       698       708       718       728       738       748       758       768        

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:16
 aligned with MP2K2_MOUSE | Q63932 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:401

    Alignment length:16
                                    10      
          MP2K2_MOUSE     1 MLARRKPVLPALTINP  16
               SCOP domains ---------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ---------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ---------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ................ Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ---------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript ---------------- Transcript
                 1jky B   1 MLARRKPVLPALTINP  16
                                    10      

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (2, 3)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

(-) CATH Domains  (3, 4)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
(-)
Class: Alpha Beta (26913)

(-) Pfam Domains  (0, 0)

(no "Pfam Domain" information available for 1JKY)

(-) Gene Ontology  (72, 81)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A   (LEF_BACAN | P15917)
molecular function
    GO:0003824    catalytic activity    Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic.
    GO:0016787    hydrolase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.
    GO:0046872    metal ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
    GO:0008237    metallopeptidase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions.
    GO:0008233    peptidase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
biological process
    GO:0043409    negative regulation of MAPK cascade    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the MAPKKK cascade.
    GO:0010629    negative regulation of gene expression    Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
    GO:0001933    negative regulation of protein phosphorylation    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein.
    GO:0000122    negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
    GO:0009405    pathogenesis    The set of specific processes that generate the ability of an organism to induce an abnormal, generally detrimental state in another organism.
    GO:0044533    positive regulation of apoptotic process in other organism    Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death by apoptosis in a second organism.
    GO:0097300    programmed necrotic cell death    A necrotic cell death process that results from the activation of endogenous cellular processes, such as signaling involving death domain receptors or Toll-like receptors.
    GO:0006508    proteolysis    The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds.
    GO:0035897    proteolysis in other organism    The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the hydrolysis of proteins in another organism by cleavage of their peptide bonds.
    GO:1903140    regulation of establishment of endothelial barrier    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of endothelial barrier.
    GO:0061136    regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process    Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome.
cellular component
    GO:0005829    cytosol    The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
    GO:0010008    endosome membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome.
    GO:0005576    extracellular region    The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

Chain B   (MP2K2_MOUSE | Q63932)
molecular function
    GO:0005524    ATP binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.
    GO:0004708    MAP kinase kinase activity    Catalysis of the concomitant phosphorylation of threonine (T) and tyrosine (Y) residues in a Thr-Glu-Tyr (TEY) thiolester sequence in a MAP kinase (MAPK) substrate.
    GO:0030165    PDZ domain binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a PDZ domain of a protein, a domain found in diverse signaling proteins.
    GO:0016301    kinase activity    Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.
    GO:0046872    metal ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
    GO:0000166    nucleotide binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0032947    protein complex scaffold activity    A structural molecule activity that provides a physical support for the assembly of a multiprotein complex. The scaffold may or may not be part of the final complex.
    GO:0004672    protein kinase activity    Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP.
    GO:0043539    protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity    Binds to and increases the activity of a protein serine/threonine kinase.
    GO:0004674    protein serine/threonine kinase activity    Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.
    GO:0004712    protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity    Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + a protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate; ATP + a protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate; and ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate.
    GO:0004713    protein tyrosine kinase activity    Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate.
    GO:0097110    scaffold protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a scaffold protein. Scaffold proteins are crucial regulators of many key signaling pathways. Although not strictly defined in function, they are known to interact and/or bind with multiple members of a signaling pathway, tethering them into complexes.
    GO:0004702    signal transducer, downstream of receptor, with serine/threonine kinase activity    Conveys a signal from an upstream receptor or intracellular signal transducer by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.
    GO:0016740    transferase activity    Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2.
biological process
    GO:0070371    ERK1 and ERK2 cascade    An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least ERK1 or ERK2 (MAPKs), a MEK (a MAPKK) and a MAP3K. The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell.
    GO:0000165    MAPK cascade    An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a MAPK, a MAPKK and a MAP3K. The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell.
    GO:0000187    activation of MAPK activity    The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase (MAPK).
    GO:0060502    epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis    The multiplication or reproduction of epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population that contributes to the shaping of the lung.
    GO:0060324    face development    The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a face from an initial condition to its mature state. The face is the ventral division of the head.
    GO:0007507    heart development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the heart over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood.
    GO:0060425    lung morphogenesis    The process in which the anatomical structures of the lung are generated and organized.
    GO:0010629    negative regulation of gene expression    Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
    GO:0036289    peptidyl-serine autophosphorylation    The phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own serine amino acid residues, or a serine residue on an identical protein.
    GO:0018108    peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation    The phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine to form peptidyl-O4'-phospho-L-tyrosine.
    GO:0016310    phosphorylation    The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide.
    GO:0050772    positive regulation of axonogenesis    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of axonogenesis.
    GO:2000147    positive regulation of cell motility    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell motility.
    GO:0071902    positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity    Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein serine/threonine kinase activity.
    GO:0006468    protein phosphorylation    The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.
    GO:0090170    regulation of Golgi inheritance    Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of Golgi inheritance. Golgi inheritance is the partitioning of Golgi apparatus between daughter cells at cell division.
    GO:0048679    regulation of axon regeneration    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of axon regeneration.
    GO:2000641    regulation of early endosome to late endosome transport    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of early endosome to late endosome transport.
    GO:0001932    regulation of protein phosphorylation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups into an amino acid in a protein.
    GO:0032872    regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the stress-activated MAPK cascade.
    GO:0048538    thymus development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the thymus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The thymus is a symmetric bi-lobed organ involved primarily in the differentiation of immature to mature T cells, with unique vascular, nervous, epithelial, and lymphoid cell components.
    GO:0030878    thyroid gland development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the thyroid gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The thyroid gland is an endoderm-derived gland that produces thyroid hormone.
    GO:0060440    trachea formation    The process pertaining to the initial formation of a trachea from unspecified parts. The process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the trachea is recognizable. The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches.
cellular component
    GO:0005794    Golgi apparatus    A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions.
    GO:0005938    cell cortex    The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins.
    GO:0005911    cell-cell junction    A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells in a multicellular organism; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0009898    cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane    The leaflet the plasma membrane that faces the cytoplasm and any proteins embedded or anchored in it or attached to its surface.
    GO:0005829    cytosol    The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
    GO:0005769    early endosome    A membrane-bounded organelle that receives incoming material from primary endocytic vesicles that have been generated by clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytosis; vesicles fuse with the early endosome to deliver cargo for sorting into recycling or degradation pathways.
    GO:0005783    endoplasmic reticulum    The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached).
    GO:0005925    focal adhesion    Small region on the surface of a cell that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments.
    GO:0005770    late endosome    A prelysosomal endocytic organelle differentiated from early endosomes by lower lumenal pH and different protein composition. Late endosomes are more spherical than early endosomes and are mostly juxtanuclear, being concentrated near the microtubule organizing center.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0005874    microtubule    Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle.
    GO:0005739    mitochondrion    A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.
    GO:0005634    nucleus    A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
    GO:0048471    perinuclear region of cytoplasm    Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus.
    GO:0005778    peroxisomal membrane    The lipid bilayer surrounding a peroxisome.

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 Related Entries

(-) Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
        LEF_BACAN | P159171j7n 1pwp 1pwq 1pwu 1pwv 1pww 1yqy 1zxv 2l0r 3kwv 4dv8 4pkq 4pkr 4pks 4pkt 4pku 4pkv 4pkw 4wf6 4xm6 4xm7 4xm8 5d1s 5d1t 5d1u

(-) Related Entries Specified in the PDB File

1j7n 1J7N IS THE NATIVE ANTHRAX TOXIN LETHAL FACTOR
1pwv
1pww