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(-) Description

Title :  CRYSTAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF THE DIII COMPONENT OF TRANSHYDROGENASE WITH A THIO-NICOTINAMIDE NUCLEOTIDE ANALOGUE
 
Authors :  A. Singh, J. D. Venning, P. G. Quirk, G. I. Van Boxel, D. J. Rodrigues, S. J. B. Jackson
Date :  23 Jun 03  (Deposition) - 07 Oct 03  (Release) - 13 Jul 11  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  2.42
Chains :  Asym. Unit :  A,B
Biol. Unit 1:  A  (1x)
Biol. Unit 2:  B  (1x)
Biol. Unit 3:  A (2x),B (2x)
Biol. Unit 4:  A (1x),B (1x)
Biol. Unit 5:  A  (2x)
Biol. Unit 6:  B  (2x)
Keywords :  Transhydrogenase, Thio-Nicotinamide, Mitochondria, Proton Translocation, Oxidoreductase (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  A. Singh, J. D. Venning, P. G. Quirk, G. I. Van Boxel, D. J. Rodrigues, S. A. White, J. B. Jackson
Interactions Between Transhydrogenase And Thio-Nicotinamide Analogues Of Nad(H) And Nadp(H) Underline The Importance Of Nucleotide Conformational Changes In Coupling To Proton Translocation
J. Biol. Chem. V. 278 33208 2003
PubMed-ID: 12791694  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1074/JBC.M303061200

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - NAD(P) TRANSHYDROGENASE, MITOCHONDRIAL
    ChainsA, B
    EC Number1.6.1.2
    FragmentRESIDUES 880-1086
    OrganHEART
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606
    SynonymPYRIDINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSHYDROGENASE, NICOTINAMIDE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSHYDROGENASE

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  12
Asymmetric Unit AB
Biological Unit 1 (1x)A 
Biological Unit 2 (1x) B
Biological Unit 3 (2x)A (2x)B (2x)
Biological Unit 4 (1x)A (1x)B (1x)
Biological Unit 5 (2x)A 
Biological Unit 6 (2x) B

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (3, 6)

Asymmetric Unit (3, 6)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1GOL2Ligand/IonGLYCEROL
2SO42Ligand/IonSULFATE ION
3TAP2Ligand/Ion7-THIONICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE
Biological Unit 1 (3, 3)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1GOL1Ligand/IonGLYCEROL
2SO41Ligand/IonSULFATE ION
3TAP1Ligand/Ion7-THIONICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE
Biological Unit 2 (3, 3)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1GOL1Ligand/IonGLYCEROL
2SO41Ligand/IonSULFATE ION
3TAP1Ligand/Ion7-THIONICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE
Biological Unit 3 (3, 6)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1GOL2Ligand/IonGLYCEROL
2SO42Ligand/IonSULFATE ION
3TAP2Ligand/Ion7-THIONICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE
Biological Unit 4 (3, 3)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1GOL1Ligand/IonGLYCEROL
2SO41Ligand/IonSULFATE ION
3TAP1Ligand/Ion7-THIONICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE
Biological Unit 5 (3, 6)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1GOL2Ligand/IonGLYCEROL
2SO42Ligand/IonSULFATE ION
3TAP2Ligand/Ion7-THIONICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE
Biological Unit 6 (3, 6)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1GOL2Ligand/IonGLYCEROL
2SO42Ligand/IonSULFATE ION
3TAP2Ligand/Ion7-THIONICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE

(-) Sites  (6, 6)

Asymmetric Unit (6, 6)
No.NameEvidenceResiduesDescription
1AC1SOFTWAREARG A:164 , HOH A:356 , HOH A:363BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE SO4 A 208
2AC2SOFTWAREARG B:164 , HOH B:338 , HOH B:362BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE SO4 B 210
3AC3SOFTWAREGLY A:53 , TYR A:54 , GLY A:55 , VAL A:86 , ALA A:87 , GLY A:88 , ARG A:89 , MET A:90 , PRO A:91 , GLY A:128 , ALA A:129 , ASN A:130 , ASP A:131 , THR A:132 , ALA A:146 , GLY A:147 , LYS A:163 , ARG A:164 , SER A:165 , VAL A:168 , GLY A:169 , TYR A:170 , ASP A:189 , ALA A:190 , GOL A:220 , HOH A:305 , HOH A:328 , HOH A:332 , HOH A:385 , HOH A:386BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE TAP A 300
4AC4SOFTWAREGLY B:53 , TYR B:54 , GLY B:55 , ALA B:59 , VAL B:86 , ALA B:87 , GLY B:88 , ARG B:89 , MET B:90 , PRO B:91 , GLY B:128 , ALA B:129 , ASN B:130 , ASP B:131 , THR B:132 , LYS B:163 , ARG B:164 , SER B:165 , VAL B:168 , GLY B:169 , TYR B:170 , ASP B:189 , ALA B:190 , GOL B:230 , HOH B:305 , HOH B:312 , HOH B:338 , HOH B:348 , HOH B:371BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE TAP B 301
5AC5SOFTWAREHIS A:84 , VAL A:86 , ASP A:131 , MET A:148 , PRO A:149 , VAL A:150 , TAP A:300 , HOH A:376BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE GOL A 220
6AC6SOFTWAREHIS B:84 , VAL B:86 , ASP B:131 , MET B:148 , VAL B:150 , TAP B:301BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE GOL B 230

(-) SS Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "SS Bond" information available for 1PT9)

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 1PT9)

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (3, 6)

Asymmetric Unit (3, 6)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_068789L977PNNTM_HUMANDisease (GCCD4)387907233A/BL98P
2UniProtVAR_068790A1008PNNTM_HUMANDisease (GCCD4)387907234A/BA129P
3UniProtVAR_068791N1009KNNTM_HUMANDisease (GCCD4)370273690A/BN130K

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Biological Unit 1 (3, 3)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_068789L977PNNTM_HUMANDisease (GCCD4)387907233AL98P
2UniProtVAR_068790A1008PNNTM_HUMANDisease (GCCD4)387907234AA129P
3UniProtVAR_068791N1009KNNTM_HUMANDisease (GCCD4)370273690AN130K

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Biological Unit 2 (3, 3)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_068789L977PNNTM_HUMANDisease (GCCD4)387907233BL98P
2UniProtVAR_068790A1008PNNTM_HUMANDisease (GCCD4)387907234BA129P
3UniProtVAR_068791N1009KNNTM_HUMANDisease (GCCD4)370273690BN130K

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Biological Unit 3 (3, 12)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_068789L977PNNTM_HUMANDisease (GCCD4)387907233A/BL98P
2UniProtVAR_068790A1008PNNTM_HUMANDisease (GCCD4)387907234A/BA129P
3UniProtVAR_068791N1009KNNTM_HUMANDisease (GCCD4)370273690A/BN130K

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Biological Unit 4 (3, 6)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_068789L977PNNTM_HUMANDisease (GCCD4)387907233A/BL98P
2UniProtVAR_068790A1008PNNTM_HUMANDisease (GCCD4)387907234A/BA129P
3UniProtVAR_068791N1009KNNTM_HUMANDisease (GCCD4)370273690A/BN130K

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Biological Unit 5 (3, 6)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_068789L977PNNTM_HUMANDisease (GCCD4)387907233AL98P
2UniProtVAR_068790A1008PNNTM_HUMANDisease (GCCD4)387907234AA129P
3UniProtVAR_068791N1009KNNTM_HUMANDisease (GCCD4)370273690AN130K

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Biological Unit 6 (3, 6)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_068789L977PNNTM_HUMANDisease (GCCD4)387907233BL98P
2UniProtVAR_068790A1008PNNTM_HUMANDisease (GCCD4)387907234BA129P
3UniProtVAR_068791N1009KNNTM_HUMANDisease (GCCD4)370273690BN130K

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (0, 0)

(no "PROSITE Motif" information available for 1PT9)

(-) Exons   (5, 10)

Asymmetric Unit (5, 10)
 ENSEMBLUniProtKBPDB
No.Transcript IDExonExon IDGenome LocationLengthIDLocationLengthCountLocationLength
1.2aENST000003449202aENSE00002080482chr5:43603229-43603396168NNTM_HUMAN-00--
1.3ENST000003449203ENSE00001148802chr5:43609245-43609448204NNTM_HUMAN1-51510--
1.4aENST000003449204aENSE00001174952chr5:43613010-43613239230NNTM_HUMAN51-127770--
1.5cENST000003449205cENSE00001174942chr5:43615950-43616167218NNTM_HUMAN128-200730--
1.6bENST000003449206bENSE00000742787chr5:43619134-4361922188NNTM_HUMAN200-229300--
1.7ENST000003449207ENSE00000742788chr5:43624134-4362422289NNTM_HUMAN230-259300--
1.8ENST000003449208ENSE00000742789chr5:43628302-43628489188NNTM_HUMAN259-322640--
1.9ENST000003449209ENSE00000742790chr5:43644294-43644427134NNTM_HUMAN322-366450--
1.10aENST0000034492010aENSE00000742791chr5:43644713-43644904192NNTM_HUMAN367-430640--
1.11aENST0000034492011aENSE00000742792chr5:43645459-43645612154NNTM_HUMAN431-482520--
1.13ENST0000034492013ENSE00000742794chr5:43649249-43649410162NNTM_HUMAN482-536550--
1.14ENST0000034492014ENSE00000742796chr5:43650579-43650689111NNTM_HUMAN536-573380--
1.15aENST0000034492015aENSE00000742797chr5:43651841-43651986146NNTM_HUMAN573-621490--
1.16aENST0000034492016aENSE00000742798chr5:43653120-43653315196NNTM_HUMAN622-687660--
1.17ENST0000034492017ENSE00000742799chr5:43655942-43656175234NNTM_HUMAN687-765790--
1.18ENST0000034492018ENSE00000742800chr5:43656755-43656915161NNTM_HUMAN765-818540--
1.19ENST0000034492019ENSE00000742801chr5:43659273-43659452180NNTM_HUMAN819-878600--
1.20ENST0000034492020ENSE00000742804chr5:43675613-43675772160NNTM_HUMAN879-932542A:23-53
B:23-53
31
31
1.21aENST0000034492021aENSE00000742805chr5:43677827-4367790882NNTM_HUMAN932-959282A:53-80
B:53-80
28
28
1.22ENST0000034492022ENSE00000742806chr5:43700221-43700339119NNTM_HUMAN959-999412A:80-120
B:80-120
41
41
1.23ENST0000034492023ENSE00000742807chr5:43702723-43702838116NNTM_HUMAN999-1037392A:120-158
B:120-158
39
39
1.24bENST0000034492024bENSE00001374370chr5:43704357-43705334978NNTM_HUMAN1038-1086492A:159-204
B:159-204
46
46

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:182
 aligned with NNTM_HUMAN | Q13423 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:1086

    Alignment length:182
                                   911       921       931       941       951       961       971       981       991      1001      1011      1021      1031      1041      1051      1061      1071      1081  
          NNTM_HUMAN    902 PMEISGTHTEINLDNAIDMIREANSIIITPGYGLCAAKAQYPIADLVKMLTEQGKKVRFGIHPVAGRMPGQLNVLLAEAGVPYDIVLEMDEINHDFPDTDLVLVIGANDTVNSAAQEDPNSIIAGMPVLEVWKSKQVIVMKRSLGVGYAAVDNPIFYKPNTAMLLGDAKKTCDALQAKVRES 1083
               SCOP domains d1pt9a_ A: Transhydrogenase domain III (dIII)                                                                                                                                          SCOP domains
               CATH domains 1pt9A00 A:23-204 TPP-binding domain                                                                                                                                                    CATH domains
               Pfam domains -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ...........hhhhhhhhhhhh.eeeeeehhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeeee........hhhhhhhhhhh.hhh.eeehhhhhhhh....eeeee..hhhhhhhhhhh...........hhhhh.eeeee............hhhhhh..eee...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------P------------------------------PK-------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
           Transcript 1 (1) Exon 1.20  PDB: A:23-53        --------------------------Exon 1.22  PDB: A:80-120 UniProt: 959-999--------------------------------------Exon 1.24b  PDB: A:159-204 UniProt: 1038-1086  Transcript 1 (1)
           Transcript 1 (2) ------------------------------Exon 1.21a  PDB: A:53-80    ---------------------------------------Exon 1.23  PDB: A:120-158              ---------------------------------------------- Transcript 1 (2)
                1pt9 A   23 PMEISGTHTEINLDNAIDMIREANSIIITPGYGLCAAKAQYPIADLVKMLTEQGKKVRFGIHPVAGRMPGQLNVLLAEAGVPYDIVLEMDEINHDFPDTDLVLVIGANDTVNSAAQEDPNSIIAGMPVLEVWKSKQVIVMKRSLGVGYAAVDNPIFYKPNTAMLLGDAKKTCDALQAKVRES  204
                                    32        42        52        62        72        82        92       102       112       122       132       142       152       162       172       182       192       202  

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:182
 aligned with NNTM_HUMAN | Q13423 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:1086

    Alignment length:182
                                   911       921       931       941       951       961       971       981       991      1001      1011      1021      1031      1041      1051      1061      1071      1081  
          NNTM_HUMAN    902 PMEISGTHTEINLDNAIDMIREANSIIITPGYGLCAAKAQYPIADLVKMLTEQGKKVRFGIHPVAGRMPGQLNVLLAEAGVPYDIVLEMDEINHDFPDTDLVLVIGANDTVNSAAQEDPNSIIAGMPVLEVWKSKQVIVMKRSLGVGYAAVDNPIFYKPNTAMLLGDAKKTCDALQAKVRES 1083
               SCOP domains d1pt9b_ B: Transhydrogenase domain III (dIII)                                                                                                                                          SCOP domains
               CATH domains 1pt9B00 B:23-204 TPP-binding domain                                                                                                                                                    CATH domains
           Pfam domains (1) PNTB-1pt9B01 B:23-201                                                                                                                                                              --- Pfam domains (1)
           Pfam domains (2) PNTB-1pt9B02 B:23-201                                                                                                                                                              --- Pfam domains (2)
         Sec.struct. author ...........hhhhhhhhhhhh.eeeeeehhhhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..eeeeee........hhhhhhhhhh..hhh.eeehhhhhhhhhhh.eeeee..hhhhhhhhhhh...........hhhhh.eeeeee...........hhhhhh..eeeee.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------P------------------------------PK-------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
           Transcript 1 (1) Exon 1.20  PDB: B:23-53        --------------------------Exon 1.22  PDB: B:80-120 UniProt: 959-999--------------------------------------Exon 1.24b  PDB: B:159-204 UniProt: 1038-1086  Transcript 1 (1)
           Transcript 1 (2) ------------------------------Exon 1.21a  PDB: B:53-80    ---------------------------------------Exon 1.23  PDB: B:120-158              ---------------------------------------------- Transcript 1 (2)
                1pt9 B   23 PMEISGTHTEINLDNAIDMIREANSIIITPGYGLCAAKAQYPIADLVKMLTEQGKKVRFGIHPVAGRMPGQLNVLLAEAGVPYDIVLEMDEINHDFPDTDLVLVIGANDTVNSAAQEDPNSIIAGMPVLEVWKSKQVIVMKRSLGVGYAAVDNPIFYKPNTAMLLGDAKKTCDALQAKVRES  204
                                    32        42        52        62        72        82        92       102       112       122       132       142       152       162       172       182       192       202  

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (1, 2)

Asymmetric Unit

(-) CATH Domains  (1, 2)

Asymmetric Unit
(-)
Class: Alpha Beta (26913)

(-) Pfam Domains  (1, 2)

Asymmetric Unit
(-)
Clan: FAD_DHS (82)
(-)
Family: PNTB (11)

(-) Gene Ontology  (18, 18)

Asymmetric Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A,B   (NNTM_HUMAN | Q13423)
molecular function
    GO:0051287    NAD binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH.
    GO:0008750    NAD(P)+ transhydrogenase (AB-specific) activity    Catalysis of the reaction: NADPH + H+ + NAD+ = NADP+ + NADH + H+. The reaction is A-specific (i.e. the pro-R hydrogen is transferred from the 4-position of reduced nicotinamide cofactor) with respect to NAD+ and B-specific (i.e. the pro-S hydrogen is transferred) with respect to NADP+.
    GO:0003957    NAD(P)+ transhydrogenase (B-specific) activity    Catalysis of the reaction: NADPH + H+ + NAD+ = NADP+ + NADH + H+, driving the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other. In the course of the reaction (left to right) one H atom is transferred from inside the cell to outside. The reaction is B-specific (i.e. the pro-S hydrogen is transferred from the 4-position of reduced nicotinamide cofactor) with respect to both NAD+ and NADP+.
    GO:0008746    NAD(P)+ transhydrogenase activity    Catalysis of the reaction: NADPH + H+ + NAD+ = NADP+ + NADH + H+.
    GO:0050661    NADP binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NADP+, or the reduced form, NADPH.
    GO:0016491    oxidoreductase activity    Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced.
biological process
    GO:0006740    NADPH regeneration    A metabolic process that generates a pool of NADPH by the reduction of NADP+.
    GO:0045454    cell redox homeostasis    Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell.
    GO:1902600    hydrogen ion transmembrane transport    The directed movement of hydrogen ion (proton) across a membrane.
    GO:0055114    oxidation-reduction process    A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons.
    GO:0015992    proton transport    The directed movement of protons (hydrogen ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
    GO:0072593    reactive oxygen species metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving a reactive oxygen species, any molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. They contribute to the microbicidal activity of phagocytes, regulation of signal transduction and gene expression, and the oxidative damage to biopolymers.
    GO:0006099    tricarboxylic acid cycle    A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle.
cellular component
    GO:0016021    integral component of membrane    The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0005743    mitochondrial inner membrane    The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae.
    GO:0005746    mitochondrial respiratory chain    The protein complexes that form the mitochondrial electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane. The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.
    GO:0005739    mitochondrion    A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.

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        NNTM_HUMAN | Q134231djl 1u31

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1ptj CRYSTAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF THE DI AND DIII COMPLEX OF TRANSHYDROGENASE WITH A THIO-NICOTINAMIDE NUCLEOTIDE ANALOGUE