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(-) Description

Title :  CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF PEPTIDE COMPLEXES OF THE AMINO-TERMINAL SH2 DOMAIN OF THE SYP TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE
 
Authors :  C. -H. Lee, J. Kuriyan
Date :  15 May 94  (Deposition) - 31 Aug 94  (Release) - 24 Feb 09  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  2.05
Chains :  Asym. Unit :  A,B,P,Q
Biol. Unit 1:  A,P  (1x)
Biol. Unit 2:  B,Q  (1x)
Keywords :  Hydrolase(Sh2 Domain) (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  C. H. Lee, D. Kominos, S. Jacques, B. Margolis, J. Schlessinger, S. E. Shoelson, J. Kuriyan
Crystal Structures Of Peptide Complexes Of The Amino-Terminal Sh2 Domain Of The Syp Tyrosine Phosphatase.
Structure V. 2 423 1994
PubMed-ID: 7521735  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1016/S0969-2126(00)00044-7
(for further references see the PDB file header)

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE SYP (N-TERMINAL SH2 DOMAIN)
    ChainsA, B
    EC Number3.1.3.48
    EngineeredYES
    Organism CommonHOUSE MOUSE
    Organism ScientificMUS MUSCULUS
    Organism Taxid10090
 
Molecule 2 - PEPTIDE PDGFR-1009
    ChainsP, Q
    EngineeredYES
    Organism CommonHOUSE MOUSE
    Organism ScientificMUS MUSCULUS
    Organism Taxid10090

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  1234
Asymmetric Unit ABPQ
Biological Unit 1 (1x)A P 
Biological Unit 2 (1x) B Q

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (1, 2)

Asymmetric Unit (1, 2)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1PTR2Mod. Amino AcidO-PHOSPHOTYROSINE
Biological Unit 1 (1, 1)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1PTR1Mod. Amino AcidO-PHOSPHOTYROSINE
Biological Unit 2 (1, 1)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1PTR1Mod. Amino AcidO-PHOSPHOTYROSINE

(-) Sites  (0, 0)

(no "Site" information available for 1AYA)

(-) SS Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "SS Bond" information available for 1AYA)

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 1AYA)

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (0, 0)

(no "SAP(SNP)/Variant" information available for 1AYA)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (1, 2)

Asymmetric Unit (1, 2)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1SH2PS50001 Src homology 2 (SH2) domain profile.PTN11_MOUSE6-102
 
112-216
  2A:6-102
B:6-102
-
Biological Unit 1 (1, 1)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1SH2PS50001 Src homology 2 (SH2) domain profile.PTN11_MOUSE6-102
 
112-216
  1A:6-102
-
-
Biological Unit 2 (1, 1)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1SH2PS50001 Src homology 2 (SH2) domain profile.PTN11_MOUSE6-102
 
112-216
  1-
B:6-102
-

(-) Exons   (0, 0)

(no "Exon" information available for 1AYA)

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:101
 aligned with PTN11_MOUSE | P35235 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:597

    Alignment length:101
                                    12        22        32        42        52        62        72        82        92       102 
         PTN11_MOUSE      3 SRRWFHPNITGVEAENLLLTRGVDGSFLARPSKSNPGDFTLSVRRNGAVTHIKIQNTGDYYDLYGGEKFATLAELVQYYMEHHGQLKEKNGDVIELKYPLN  103
               SCOP domains d1ayaa_ A: Tyrosine phosphatase Syp                                                                   SCOP domains
               CATH domains 1ayaA00 A:3-103 SHC Adaptor Protein                                                                   CATH domains
               Pfam domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .........hhhhhhhhhhhh....eeeeee.......eeeeeee..eeeeee.ee....ee........hhhhhhhhhhhh....ee.........ee.. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ---SH2  PDB: A:6-102 UniProt: 6-102                                                                 - PROSITE
                 Transcript ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                1aya A    3 MRRWFHPNITGVEAENLLLTRGVDGSFLARPSKSNPGDFTLSVRRNGAVTHIKIQNTGDYYDLYGGEKFATLAELVQYYMEHHGQLKEKNGDVIELKYPLN  103
                                    12        22        32        42        52        62        72        82        92       102 

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:101
 aligned with PTN11_MOUSE | P35235 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:597

    Alignment length:101
                                    12        22        32        42        52        62        72        82        92       102 
         PTN11_MOUSE      3 SRRWFHPNITGVEAENLLLTRGVDGSFLARPSKSNPGDFTLSVRRNGAVTHIKIQNTGDYYDLYGGEKFATLAELVQYYMEHHGQLKEKNGDVIELKYPLN  103
               SCOP domains d1ayab_ B: Tyrosine phosphatase Syp                                                                   SCOP domains
               CATH domains 1ayaB00 B:3-103 SHC Adaptor Protein                                                                   CATH domains
               Pfam domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ..................................................................................................... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ---SH2  PDB: B:6-102 UniProt: 6-102                                                                 - PROSITE
                 Transcript ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                1aya B    3 MRRWFHPNITGVEAENLLLTRGVDGSFLARPSKSNPGDFTLSVRRNGAVTHIKIQNTGDYYDLYGGEKFATLAELVQYYMEHHGQLKEKNGDVIELKYPLN  103
                                    12        22        32        42        52        62        72        82        92       102 

Chain P from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:9
 aligned with PGFRB_MOUSE | P05622 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:1098

    Alignment length:9
         PGFRB_MOUSE   1005 SVLYTAVQP 1013
               SCOP domains --------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains --------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains --------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ......... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) --------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE --------- PROSITE
                 Transcript --------- Transcript
                1aya P   -3 SVLyTAVQP    5
                               |     
                               |     
                               0-PTR 

Chain Q from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:8
 aligned with PGFRB_MOUSE | P05622 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:1098

    Alignment length:8
         PGFRB_MOUSE   1006 VLYTAVQP 1013
               SCOP domains -------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains -------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains -------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ........ Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) -------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE -------- PROSITE
                 Transcript -------- Transcript
                1aya Q   -2 VLyTAVQP    5
                              |     
                              0-PTR 

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (1, 2)

Asymmetric Unit

(-) CATH Domains  (1, 2)

Asymmetric Unit
(-)
Class: Alpha Beta (26913)

(-) Pfam Domains  (0, 0)

(no "Pfam Domain" information available for 1AYA)

(-) Gene Ontology  (144, 149)

Asymmetric Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A,B   (PTN11_MOUSE | P35235)
molecular function
    GO:0031748    D1 dopamine receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a D1 dopamine receptor.
    GO:0005070    SH3/SH2 adaptor activity    Interacting selectively and non-covalently and simultaneously with one or more signal transduction molecules, usually acting as a scaffold to bring these molecules into close proximity either using their own SH2/SH3 domains (e.g. Grb2) or those of their target molecules (e.g. SAM68).
    GO:0050839    cell adhesion molecule binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a cell adhesion molecule.
    GO:0016787    hydrolase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.
    GO:0005158    insulin receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the insulin receptor.
    GO:0043560    insulin receptor substrate binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any of the insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins, adaptor proteins that bind to the transphosphorylated insulin and insulin-like growth factor receptors, are themselves phosphorylated and in turn recruit SH2 domain-containing signaling molecules to form a productive signaling complex.
    GO:0004726    non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine phosphatase activity    Catalysis of the reaction: non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine + phosphate.
    GO:0051428    peptide hormone receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a receptor for peptide hormones.
    GO:0016791    phosphatase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate.
    GO:0043274    phospholipase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any phospholipase, enzymes that catalyze of the hydrolysis of a glycerophospholipid.
    GO:0004721    phosphoprotein phosphatase activity    Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphoprotein + H2O = a protein + phosphate. Together with protein kinases, these enzymes control the state of phosphorylation of cell proteins and thereby provide an important mechanism for regulating cellular activity.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0019904    protein domain specific binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific domain of a protein.
    GO:0004725    protein tyrosine phosphatase activity    Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate.
    GO:0030971    receptor tyrosine kinase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a receptor that possesses protein tyrosine kinase activity.
biological process
    GO:0060020    Bergmann glial cell differentiation    The process in which neuroepithelial cells of the neural tube give rise to Brgmann glial cells, specialized bipotential progenitors cells of the cerebellum. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate.
    GO:0000077    DNA damage checkpoint    A cell cycle checkpoint that regulates progression through the cell cycle in response to DNA damage. A DNA damage checkpoint may blocks cell cycle progression (in G1, G2 or metaphase) or slow the rate at which S phase proceeds.
    GO:0038127    ERBB signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to a member of the ERBB family of receptor tyrosine kinases on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
    GO:0033277    abortive mitotic cell cycle    A cell cycle in which mitosis is begun and progresses normally through the end of anaphase, but not completed, resulting in a cell with increased ploidy.
    GO:0000187    activation of MAPK activity    The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase (MAPK).
    GO:0036302    atrioventricular canal development    The progression of the atrioventricular canal over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The atrioventricular canal is the part of the heart connecting the atrium to the cardiac ventricle.
    GO:0007409    axonogenesis    De novo generation of a long process of a neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body towards target cells. Refers to the morphogenesis or creation of shape or form of the developing axon.
    GO:0007420    brain development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Brain development begins with patterning events in the neural tube and ends with the mature structure that is the center of thought and emotion. The brain is responsible for the coordination and control of bodily activities and the interpretation of information from the senses (sight, hearing, smell, etc.).
    GO:0021697    cerebellar cortex formation    The process that gives rise to the cerebellar cortex. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The cerebellar cortex is a thin mantle of gray matter that covers the surface of each cerebral hemisphere. It has a characteristic morphology with convolutions (gyri) and crevices (sulci) that have specific functions. Six layers of nerve cells and the nerve pathways that connect them comprise the cerebellar cortex. Together, these regions are responsible for the processes of conscious thought, perception, emotion and memory as well as advanced motor function.
    GO:0016311    dephosphorylation    The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule.
    GO:0048013    ephrin receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an ephrin receptor binding to an ephrin.
    GO:0007173    epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to the tyrosine kinase receptor EGFR (ERBB1) on the surface of a cell. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
    GO:0060325    face morphogenesis    The process in which the anatomical structures of the face are generated and organized. The face is the ventral division of the head.
    GO:0048806    genitalia development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the genitalia over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
    GO:0042593    glucose homeostasis    Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of glucose within an organism or cell.
    GO:0007507    heart development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the heart over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood.
    GO:0048873    homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue    Any biological process involved in the maintenance of the steady-state number of cells within a population of cells in a tissue.
    GO:0042445    hormone metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving any hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone.
    GO:0009755    hormone-mediated signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of a hormone.
    GO:0048839    inner ear development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the inner ear over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
    GO:0007229    integrin-mediated signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of extracellular ligand to an integrin on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
    GO:0061582    intestinal epithelial cell migration    The orderly movement of an intestinal epithelial cell from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism.
    GO:0006629    lipid metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids.
    GO:0035855    megakaryocyte development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a megakaryocyte cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Megakaryocyte development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a megakaryocyte fate. A megakaryocyte is a giant cell 50 to 100 micron in diameter, with a greatly lobulated nucleus, found in the bone marrow.
    GO:0032528    microvillus organization    A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a microvillus, a thin cylindrical membrane-covered projection on the surface of a cell.
    GO:0035264    multicellular organism growth    The increase in size or mass of an entire multicellular organism, as opposed to cell growth.
    GO:0048609    multicellular organismal reproductive process    The process, occurring above the cellular level, that is pertinent to the reproductive function of a multicellular organism. This includes the integrated processes at the level of tissues and organs.
    GO:0033629    negative regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of cell adhesion mediated by integrin.
    GO:0051463    negative regulation of cortisol secretion    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cortisol from a cell.
    GO:0060125    negative regulation of growth hormone secretion    Any process that decreases or stops the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of growth hormone from a cell.
    GO:0046888    negative regulation of hormone secretion    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell.
    GO:0046676    negative regulation of insulin secretion    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin.
    GO:0048011    neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a neurotrophin to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses tyrosine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
    GO:0035265    organ growth    The increase in size or mass of an organ. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that function together as to perform a specific function.
    GO:0035335    peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylation    The removal of phosphoric residues from peptidyl-O-phospho-tyrosine to form peptidyl-tyrosine.
    GO:0030220    platelet formation    The process in which platelets bud from long processes extended by megakaryocytes.
    GO:0048008    platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a platelet-derived growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.
    GO:0070374    positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade.
    GO:2001275    positive regulation of glucose import in response to insulin stimulus    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glucose import in response to insulin stimulus.
    GO:0046887    positive regulation of hormone secretion    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell.
    GO:0045931    positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle    Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of progression through the mitotic cell cycle.
    GO:0009967    positive regulation of signal transduction    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction.
    GO:0006470    protein dephosphorylation    The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein.
    GO:0033628    regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of cell adhesion mediated by integrin.
    GO:0040014    regulation of multicellular organism growth    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of growth of the body of an organism so that it reaches its usual body size.
    GO:0043254    regulation of protein complex assembly    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein complex assembly.
    GO:0046825    regulation of protein export from nucleus    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
    GO:0006641    triglyceride metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving triglyceride, any triester of glycerol. The three fatty acid residues may all be the same or differ in any permutation. Triglycerides are important components of plant oils, animal fats and animal plasma lipoproteins.
cellular component
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0005829    cytosol    The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
    GO:0005739    mitochondrion    A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.
    GO:0005634    nucleus    A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
    GO:0043234    protein complex    A stable macromolecular complex composed (only) of two or more polypeptide subunits along with any covalently attached molecules (such as lipid anchors or oligosaccharide) or non-protein prosthetic groups (such as nucleotides or metal ions). Prosthetic group in this context refers to a tightly bound cofactor. The component polypeptide subunits may be identical.

Chain P,Q   (PGFRB_MOUSE | P05622)
molecular function
    GO:0005524    ATP binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.
    GO:0016301    kinase activity    Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.
    GO:0000166    nucleotide binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose.
    GO:0005019    platelet-derived growth factor beta-receptor activity    Combining with platelet-derived growth factor isoform PDGF-BB or PDGF-AB to initiate a change in cell activity.
    GO:0048407    platelet-derived growth factor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with platelet-derived growth factor.
    GO:0005161    platelet-derived growth factor receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the platelet-derived growth factor receptor.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0004672    protein kinase activity    Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP.
    GO:0019901    protein kinase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate.
    GO:0004713    protein tyrosine kinase activity    Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate.
    GO:0005102    receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.
    GO:0004871    signal transducer activity    Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response.
    GO:0016740    transferase activity    Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2.
    GO:0004714    transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity    Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-tyrosine = ADP + a protein-L-tyrosine phosphate.
    GO:0038085    vascular endothelial growth factor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a vascular endothelial growth factor.
biological process
    GO:0030325    adrenal gland development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the adrenal gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. This gland can either be a discrete structure located bilaterally above each kidney, or a cluster of cells in the head kidney that perform the functions of the adrenal gland. In either case, this organ consists of two cells types, aminergic chromaffin cells and steroidogenic cortical cells.
    GO:0035909    aorta morphogenesis    The process in which the anatomical structures of an aorta are generated and organized. An aorta is an artery that carries blood from the heart to other parts of the body.
    GO:0001568    blood vessel development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a blood vessel over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The blood vessel is the vasculature carrying blood.
    GO:0055003    cardiac myofibril assembly    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cardiac myofibril over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A cardiac myofibril is a myofibril specific to cardiac muscle cells.
    GO:0060947    cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation    The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell. A cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell covers the heart vasculature and lacks transverse striations in its constituent fibers.
    GO:0060326    cell chemotaxis    The directed movement of a motile cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis).
    GO:0016477    cell migration    The controlled self-propelled movement of a cell from one site to a destination guided by molecular cues. Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms.
    GO:0060981    cell migration involved in coronary angiogenesis    The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another that will contribute to the formation of new blood vessels in the heart from pre-existing blood vessels.
    GO:0035441    cell migration involved in vasculogenesis    The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another that will contribute to the differentiation of an endothelial cell that will form de novo blood vessels and tubes.
    GO:0006935    chemotaxis    The directed movement of a motile cell or organism, or the directed growth of a cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis).
    GO:0048568    embryonic organ development    Development, taking place during the embryonic phase, of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Development pertains to the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a structure over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions.
    GO:0030097    hemopoiesis    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the myeloid and lymphoid derived organ/tissue systems of the blood and other parts of the body over time, from formation to the mature structure. The site of hemopoiesis is variable during development, but occurs primarily in bone marrow or kidney in many adult vertebrates.
    GO:0001701    in utero embryonic development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo in the uterus over time, from formation of the zygote in the oviduct, to birth. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.
    GO:0001822    kidney development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The kidney is an organ that filters the blood and/or excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine.
    GO:0072277    metanephric glomerular capillary formation    The process that gives rise to a metanephric glomerular capillary. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts.
    GO:0072262    metanephric glomerular mesangial cell proliferation involved in metanephros development    The multiplication or reproduction of glomerular mesangial cells in the metanephros, resulting in the expansion of the population.
    GO:0072223    metanephric glomerular mesangium development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric glomerular mesangium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric glomerular mesangium is the thin membrane connective tissue composed of mesangial cells in the metanephros, which helps to support the capillary loops in a renal glomerulus.
    GO:0007275    multicellular organism development    The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult).
    GO:0006807    nitrogen compound metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen.
    GO:0018108    peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation    The phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine to form peptidyl-O4'-phospho-L-tyrosine.
    GO:0046488    phosphatidylinositol metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylinositol, any glycophospholipid in which a sn-glycerol 3-phosphate residue is esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of 1D-myo-inositol.
    GO:0048015    phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling    A series of molecular signals in which a cell uses a phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling to convert a signal into a response. Phosphatidylinositols include phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives.
    GO:0016310    phosphorylation    The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide.
    GO:0048008    platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a platelet-derived growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.
    GO:0035791    platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a ligand to a beta-type platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFbeta) on the surface of a signal-receiving cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
    GO:2000573    positive regulation of DNA biosynthetic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA biosynthetic process.
    GO:0070374    positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade.
    GO:0043406    positive regulation of MAP kinase activity    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of MAP kinase activity.
    GO:0090280    positive regulation of calcium ion import    Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into a cell or organelle.
    GO:0030335    positive regulation of cell migration    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.
    GO:0008284    positive regulation of cell proliferation    Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
    GO:0038091    positive regulation of cell proliferation by VEGF-activated platelet derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to a platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) on the surface of a cell, which activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation.
    GO:0050921    positive regulation of chemotaxis    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a specific chemical concentration gradient.
    GO:0035793    positive regulation of metanephric mesenchymal cell migration by platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathway    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric mesenchymal cell migration as a result of the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta binding to one of its physiological ligands.
    GO:0045840    positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitosis.
    GO:0043552    positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity.
    GO:0014068    positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase cascade.
    GO:0010863    positive regulation of phospholipase C activity    Any process that increases the rate of phospholipase C activity.
    GO:0032516    positive regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity    Any process that activates or increases the activity of a phosphoprotein phosphatase.
    GO:2000379    positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of reactive oxygen species metabolic process.
    GO:0014911    positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migration    Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell migration.
    GO:0048661    positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation    Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation.
    GO:0046777    protein autophosphorylation    The phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues (cis-autophosphorylation), or residues on an identical protein (trans-autophosphorylation).
    GO:0006468    protein phosphorylation    The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.
    GO:0032956    regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins.
    GO:0050730    regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine.
    GO:0061298    retina vasculature development in camera-type eye    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the vasculature of the retina over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
    GO:0007165    signal transduction    The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.
    GO:0048705    skeletal system morphogenesis    The process in which the anatomical structures of the skeleton are generated and organized.
    GO:0071670    smooth muscle cell chemotaxis    The directed movement of a smooth muscle cell in response to an external stimulus.
    GO:0048745    smooth muscle tissue development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of smooth muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
    GO:0001894    tissue homeostasis    A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state within a defined tissue of an organism, including control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function.
    GO:0007169    transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses tyrosine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
cellular component
    GO:0016324    apical plasma membrane    The region of the plasma membrane located at the apical end of the cell.
    GO:0009986    cell surface    The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0031410    cytoplasmic vesicle    A vesicle found in the cytoplasm of a cell.
    GO:0070062    extracellular exosome    A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.
    GO:0005925    focal adhesion    Small region on the surface of a cell that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments.
    GO:0016021    integral component of membrane    The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
    GO:0031226    intrinsic component of plasma membrane    The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane.
    GO:0043202    lysosomal lumen    The volume enclosed within the lysosomal membrane.
    GO:0005764    lysosome    A small lytic vacuole that has cell cycle-independent morphology and is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases, most of which have their maximal activities in the pH range 5-6. The contained enzymes display latency if properly isolated. About 40 different lysosomal hydrolases are known and lysosomes have a great variety of morphologies and functions.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0005634    nucleus    A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

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