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(-) Description

Title :  CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF PEPTIDE COMPLEXES OF THE AMINO-TERMINAL SH2 DOMAIN OF THE SYP TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE
 
Authors :  C. -H. Lee, J. Kuriyan
Date :  15 May 94  (Deposition) - 31 Aug 94  (Release) - 24 Feb 09  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  3.00
Chains :  Asym./Biol. Unit :  A,P
Keywords :  Hydrolase(Sh2 Domain) (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  C. H. Lee, D. Kominos, S. Jacques, B. Margolis, J. Schlessinger, S. E. Shoelson, J. Kuriyan
Crystal Structures Of Peptide Complexes Of The Amino-Terminal Sh2 Domain Of The Syp Tyrosine Phosphatase.
Structure V. 2 423 1994
PubMed-ID: 7521735  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1016/S0969-2126(00)00044-7
(for further references see the PDB file header)

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE SYP (N-TERMINAL SH2 DOMAIN)
    ChainsA
    EC Number3.1.3.48
    EngineeredYES
    Organism CommonHOUSE MOUSE
    Organism ScientificMUS MUSCULUS
    Organism Taxid10090
 
Molecule 2 - PEPTIDE IRS-1-895
    ChainsP
    EngineeredYES
    Organism CommonHOUSE MOUSE
    Organism ScientificMUS MUSCULUS
    Organism Taxid10090

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  12
Asymmetric/Biological Unit AP

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (1, 1)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (1, 1)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1PTR1Mod. Amino AcidO-PHOSPHOTYROSINE

(-) Sites  (0, 0)

(no "Site" information available for 1AYB)

(-) SS Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "SS Bond" information available for 1AYB)

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 1AYB)

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (0, 0)

(no "SAP(SNP)/Variant" information available for 1AYB)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (1, 1)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (1, 1)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1SH2PS50001 Src homology 2 (SH2) domain profile.PTN11_MOUSE6-102
112-216
  1A:6-102
-

(-) Exons   (0, 0)

(no "Exon" information available for 1AYB)

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:100
 aligned with PTN11_MOUSE | P35235 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:597

    Alignment length:100
                                    13        23        33        43        53        63        73        83        93       103
          PTN11_MOUSE     4 RRWFHPNITGVEAENLLLTRGVDGSFLARPSKSNPGDFTLSVRRNGAVTHIKIQNTGDYYDLYGGEKFATLAELVQYYMEHHGQLKEKNGDVIELKYPLN 103
               SCOP domains d1ayba_ A: Tyrosine phosphatase Syp                                                                  SCOP domains
               CATH domains 1aybA00 A:4-103 SHC Adaptor Protein                                                                  CATH domains
               Pfam domains ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ........hhhhhhhhhhhh....eeeeee.......eeeeeee..eeeeeeeee....ee........hhhhhhhhhhhh....ee.........ee.. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE --SH2  PDB: A:6-102 UniProt: 6-102                                                                 - PROSITE
                 Transcript ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 1ayb A   4 RRWFHPNITGVEAENLLLTRGVDGSFLARPSKSNPGDFTLSVRRNGAVTHIKIQNTGDYYDLYGGEKFATLAELVQYYMEHHGQLKEKNGDVIELKYPLN 103
                                    13        23        33        43        53        63        73        83        93       103

Chain P from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:8
 aligned with IRS1_MOUSE | P35569 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:1233

    Alignment length:8
           IRS1_MOUSE   889 GEYVNIEF 896
               SCOP domains -------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains -------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains -------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ........ Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) -------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE -------- PROSITE
                 Transcript -------- Transcript
                 1ayb P  -2 GEyVNIEF   5
                              |     
                              |     
                              0-PTR 

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (1, 1)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

(-) CATH Domains  (1, 1)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
(-)
Class: Alpha Beta (26913)

(-) Pfam Domains  (0, 0)

(no "Pfam Domain" information available for 1AYB)

(-) Gene Ontology  (96, 103)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A   (PTN11_MOUSE | P35235)
molecular function
    GO:0031748    D1 dopamine receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a D1 dopamine receptor.
    GO:0005070    SH3/SH2 adaptor activity    Interacting selectively and non-covalently and simultaneously with one or more signal transduction molecules, usually acting as a scaffold to bring these molecules into close proximity either using their own SH2/SH3 domains (e.g. Grb2) or those of their target molecules (e.g. SAM68).
    GO:0050839    cell adhesion molecule binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a cell adhesion molecule.
    GO:0016787    hydrolase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.
    GO:0005158    insulin receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the insulin receptor.
    GO:0043560    insulin receptor substrate binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any of the insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins, adaptor proteins that bind to the transphosphorylated insulin and insulin-like growth factor receptors, are themselves phosphorylated and in turn recruit SH2 domain-containing signaling molecules to form a productive signaling complex.
    GO:0004726    non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine phosphatase activity    Catalysis of the reaction: non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine + phosphate.
    GO:0051428    peptide hormone receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a receptor for peptide hormones.
    GO:0016791    phosphatase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate.
    GO:0043274    phospholipase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any phospholipase, enzymes that catalyze of the hydrolysis of a glycerophospholipid.
    GO:0004721    phosphoprotein phosphatase activity    Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphoprotein + H2O = a protein + phosphate. Together with protein kinases, these enzymes control the state of phosphorylation of cell proteins and thereby provide an important mechanism for regulating cellular activity.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0019904    protein domain specific binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific domain of a protein.
    GO:0004725    protein tyrosine phosphatase activity    Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate.
    GO:0030971    receptor tyrosine kinase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a receptor that possesses protein tyrosine kinase activity.
biological process
    GO:0060020    Bergmann glial cell differentiation    The process in which neuroepithelial cells of the neural tube give rise to Brgmann glial cells, specialized bipotential progenitors cells of the cerebellum. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate.
    GO:0000077    DNA damage checkpoint    A cell cycle checkpoint that regulates progression through the cell cycle in response to DNA damage. A DNA damage checkpoint may blocks cell cycle progression (in G1, G2 or metaphase) or slow the rate at which S phase proceeds.
    GO:0038127    ERBB signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to a member of the ERBB family of receptor tyrosine kinases on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
    GO:0033277    abortive mitotic cell cycle    A cell cycle in which mitosis is begun and progresses normally through the end of anaphase, but not completed, resulting in a cell with increased ploidy.
    GO:0000187    activation of MAPK activity    The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase (MAPK).
    GO:0036302    atrioventricular canal development    The progression of the atrioventricular canal over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The atrioventricular canal is the part of the heart connecting the atrium to the cardiac ventricle.
    GO:0007409    axonogenesis    De novo generation of a long process of a neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body towards target cells. Refers to the morphogenesis or creation of shape or form of the developing axon.
    GO:0007420    brain development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Brain development begins with patterning events in the neural tube and ends with the mature structure that is the center of thought and emotion. The brain is responsible for the coordination and control of bodily activities and the interpretation of information from the senses (sight, hearing, smell, etc.).
    GO:0021697    cerebellar cortex formation    The process that gives rise to the cerebellar cortex. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The cerebellar cortex is a thin mantle of gray matter that covers the surface of each cerebral hemisphere. It has a characteristic morphology with convolutions (gyri) and crevices (sulci) that have specific functions. Six layers of nerve cells and the nerve pathways that connect them comprise the cerebellar cortex. Together, these regions are responsible for the processes of conscious thought, perception, emotion and memory as well as advanced motor function.
    GO:0016311    dephosphorylation    The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule.
    GO:0048013    ephrin receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an ephrin receptor binding to an ephrin.
    GO:0007173    epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to the tyrosine kinase receptor EGFR (ERBB1) on the surface of a cell. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
    GO:0060325    face morphogenesis    The process in which the anatomical structures of the face are generated and organized. The face is the ventral division of the head.
    GO:0048806    genitalia development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the genitalia over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
    GO:0042593    glucose homeostasis    Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of glucose within an organism or cell.
    GO:0007507    heart development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the heart over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood.
    GO:0048873    homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue    Any biological process involved in the maintenance of the steady-state number of cells within a population of cells in a tissue.
    GO:0042445    hormone metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving any hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone.
    GO:0009755    hormone-mediated signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of a hormone.
    GO:0048839    inner ear development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the inner ear over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
    GO:0007229    integrin-mediated signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of extracellular ligand to an integrin on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
    GO:0061582    intestinal epithelial cell migration    The orderly movement of an intestinal epithelial cell from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism.
    GO:0006629    lipid metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids.
    GO:0035855    megakaryocyte development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a megakaryocyte cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Megakaryocyte development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a megakaryocyte fate. A megakaryocyte is a giant cell 50 to 100 micron in diameter, with a greatly lobulated nucleus, found in the bone marrow.
    GO:0032528    microvillus organization    A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a microvillus, a thin cylindrical membrane-covered projection on the surface of a cell.
    GO:0035264    multicellular organism growth    The increase in size or mass of an entire multicellular organism, as opposed to cell growth.
    GO:0048609    multicellular organismal reproductive process    The process, occurring above the cellular level, that is pertinent to the reproductive function of a multicellular organism. This includes the integrated processes at the level of tissues and organs.
    GO:0033629    negative regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of cell adhesion mediated by integrin.
    GO:0051463    negative regulation of cortisol secretion    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cortisol from a cell.
    GO:0060125    negative regulation of growth hormone secretion    Any process that decreases or stops the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of growth hormone from a cell.
    GO:0046888    negative regulation of hormone secretion    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell.
    GO:0046676    negative regulation of insulin secretion    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin.
    GO:0048011    neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a neurotrophin to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses tyrosine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
    GO:0035265    organ growth    The increase in size or mass of an organ. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that function together as to perform a specific function.
    GO:0035335    peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylation    The removal of phosphoric residues from peptidyl-O-phospho-tyrosine to form peptidyl-tyrosine.
    GO:0030220    platelet formation    The process in which platelets bud from long processes extended by megakaryocytes.
    GO:0048008    platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a platelet-derived growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.
    GO:0070374    positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade.
    GO:2001275    positive regulation of glucose import in response to insulin stimulus    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glucose import in response to insulin stimulus.
    GO:0046887    positive regulation of hormone secretion    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell.
    GO:0045931    positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle    Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of progression through the mitotic cell cycle.
    GO:0009967    positive regulation of signal transduction    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction.
    GO:0006470    protein dephosphorylation    The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein.
    GO:0033628    regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of cell adhesion mediated by integrin.
    GO:0040014    regulation of multicellular organism growth    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of growth of the body of an organism so that it reaches its usual body size.
    GO:0043254    regulation of protein complex assembly    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein complex assembly.
    GO:0046825    regulation of protein export from nucleus    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
    GO:0006641    triglyceride metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving triglyceride, any triester of glycerol. The three fatty acid residues may all be the same or differ in any permutation. Triglycerides are important components of plant oils, animal fats and animal plasma lipoproteins.
cellular component
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0005829    cytosol    The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
    GO:0005739    mitochondrion    A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.
    GO:0005634    nucleus    A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
    GO:0043234    protein complex    A stable macromolecular complex composed (only) of two or more polypeptide subunits along with any covalently attached molecules (such as lipid anchors or oligosaccharide) or non-protein prosthetic groups (such as nucleotides or metal ions). Prosthetic group in this context refers to a tightly bound cofactor. The component polypeptide subunits may be identical.

Chain P   (IRS1_MOUSE | P35569)
molecular function
    GO:0042169    SH2 domain binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a SH2 domain (Src homology 2) of a protein, a protein domain of about 100 amino-acid residues and belonging to the alpha + beta domain class.
    GO:0005158    insulin receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the insulin receptor.
    GO:0005159    insulin-like growth factor receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the insulin-like growth factor receptor.
    GO:0043548    phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the addition of a phosphate group to an inositol lipid at the 3' position of the inositol ring.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0019901    protein kinase binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate.
    GO:0004871    signal transducer activity    Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response.
biological process
    GO:0032869    cellular response to insulin stimulus    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms.
    GO:0008286    insulin receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the insulin receptor binding to insulin.
    GO:0030073    insulin secretion    The regulated release of proinsulin from secretory granules (B granules) in the B cells of the pancreas; accompanied by cleavage of proinsulin to form mature insulin.
    GO:0048009    insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the insulin-like growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.
    GO:0016042    lipid catabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent.
    GO:0030879    mammary gland development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mammary gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk. Its development starts with the formation of the mammary line and ends as the mature gland cycles between nursing and weaning stages.
    GO:0046676    negative regulation of insulin secretion    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin.
    GO:0014065    phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling    A series of reactions within the signal-receiving cell, mediated by the intracellular phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). Many cell surface receptor linked signaling pathways signal through PI3K to regulate numerous cellular functions.
    GO:0048015    phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling    A series of molecular signals in which a cell uses a phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling to convert a signal into a response. Phosphatidylinositols include phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives.
    GO:0030335    positive regulation of cell migration    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.
    GO:0032000    positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fatty acid beta-oxidation.
    GO:0046326    positive regulation of glucose import    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle.
    GO:2001275    positive regulation of glucose import in response to insulin stimulus    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glucose import in response to insulin stimulus.
    GO:0010907    positive regulation of glucose metabolic process    Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of glucose metabolism. Glucose metabolic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose.
    GO:0045725    positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen.
    GO:0002053    positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation    The process of activating or increasing the rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation. Mesenchymal cells are loosely organized embryonic cells.
    GO:0043552    positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity.
    GO:0043491    protein kinase B signaling    A series of reactions, mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B (also called AKT), which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound.
    GO:0034504    protein localization to nucleus    A process in which a protein transports or maintains the localization of another protein to the nucleus.
    GO:0010468    regulation of gene expression    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
    GO:0032868    response to insulin    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms.
    GO:0007165    signal transduction    The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.
cellular component
    GO:0005901    caveola    A membrane raft that forms small pit, depression, or invagination that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane. Examples include flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane in adipocytes associated with caveolin proteins, and minute pits or incuppings of the cell membrane formed during pinocytosis. Caveolae may be pinched off to form free vesicles within the cytoplasm.
    GO:0036064    ciliary basal body    A membrane-tethered, short cylindrical array of microtubules and associated proteins found at the base of a eukaryotic cilium (also called flagellum) that is similar in structure to a centriole and derives from it. The cilium basal body is the site of assembly and remodelling of the cilium and serves as a nucleation site for axoneme growth. As well as anchoring the cilium, it is thought to provide a selective gateway regulating the entry of ciliary proteins and vesicles by intraflagellar transport.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0005829    cytosol    The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
    GO:0005634    nucleus    A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

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  PTN11_MOUSE | P35235
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        IRS1_MOUSE | P355695axi
        PTN11_MOUSE | P352351aya 1ayc 1ayd

(-) Related Entries Specified in the PDB File

(no "Related Entries Specified in the PDB File" available for 1AYB)