| molecular function |
|---|
| | GO:0043548 | | phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the addition of a phosphate group to an inositol lipid at the 3' position of the inositol ring. |
| | GO:0005515 | | protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| | GO:0031625 | | ubiquitin protein ligase binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins. |
| biological process |
|---|
| | GO:0050435 | | amyloid-beta metabolic process | | The chemical reactions and pathways involving amyloid-beta, a glycoprotein associated with Alzheimer's disease, and its precursor, amyloid precursor protein (APP). |
| | GO:0006915 | | apoptotic process | | A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died. |
| | GO:0000045 | | autophagosome assembly | | The formation of a double membrane-bounded structure, the autophagosome, that occurs when a specialized membrane sac, called the isolation membrane, starts to enclose a portion of the cytoplasm. |
| | GO:0006914 | | autophagy | | The process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm; allows for both recycling of macromolecular constituents under conditions of cellular stress and remodeling the intracellular structure for cell differentiation. |
| | GO:0044804 | | autophagy of nucleus | | A selective form of autophagy, by which damaged or non-essential parts of the nucleus, or even an entire nucleus is degraded. |
| | GO:0007049 | | cell cycle | | The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division. |
| | GO:0051301 | | cell division | | The process resulting in division and partitioning of components of a cell to form more cells; may or may not be accompanied by the physical separation of a cell into distinct, individually membrane-bounded daughter cells. |
| | GO:0006968 | | cellular defense response | | A defense response that is mediated by cells. |
| | GO:0071275 | | cellular response to aluminum ion | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an aluminum ion stimulus. |
| | GO:0071364 | | cellular response to epidermal growth factor stimulus | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an epidermal growth factor stimulus. |
| | GO:0042149 | | cellular response to glucose starvation | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of glucose. |
| | GO:0006995 | | cellular response to nitrogen starvation | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of nitrogen. |
| | GO:0000910 | | cytokinesis | | The division of the cytoplasm and the plasma membrane of a cell and its partitioning into two daughter cells. |
| | GO:0051607 | | defense response to virus | | Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a virus that act to protect the cell or organism. |
| | GO:0006897 | | endocytosis | | A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle. |
| | GO:0043652 | | engulfment of apoptotic cell | | The removal of the apoptotic cell by phagocytosis, by a neighboring cell or by a phagocyte. |
| | GO:0045324 | | late endosome to vacuole transport | | The directed movement of substances from late endosomes to the vacuole. In yeast, after transport to the prevacuolar compartment, endocytic content is delivered to the late endosome and on to the vacuole. This pathway is analogous to endosome to lysosome transport. |
| | GO:0007040 | | lysosome organization | | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a lysosome. A lysosome is a cytoplasmic, membrane-bounded organelle that is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases. |
| | GO:0016236 | | macroautophagy | | The major inducible pathway for the general turnover of cytoplasmic constituents in eukaryotic cells, it is also responsible for the degradation of active cytoplasmic enzymes and organelles during nutrient starvation. Macroautophagy involves the formation of double-membrane-bounded autophagosomes which enclose the cytoplasmic constituent targeted for degradation in a membrane-bounded structure. Autophagosomes then fuse with a lysosome (or vacuole) releasing single-membrane-bounded autophagic bodies that are then degraded within the lysosome (or vacuole). Though once thought to be a purely non-selective process, it appears that some types of macroautophagy, e.g. macropexophagy, macromitophagy, may involve selective targeting of the targets to be degraded. |
| | GO:0007080 | | mitotic metaphase plate congression | | The cell cycle process in which chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate, a plane halfway between the poles of the mitotic spindle, during mitosis. |
| | GO:0043066 | | negative regulation of apoptotic process | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. |
| | GO:0060548 | | negative regulation of cell death | | Any process that decreases the rate or frequency of cell death. Cell death is the specific activation or halting of processes within a cell so that its vital functions markedly cease, rather than simply deteriorating gradually over time, which culminates in cell death. |
| | GO:0008285 | | negative regulation of cell proliferation | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation. |
| | GO:2000378 | | negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process | | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of reactive oxygen species metabolic process. |
| | GO:0048666 | | neuron development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. |
| | GO:1902425 | | positive regulation of attachment of mitotic spindle microtubules to kinetochore | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore involved in mitotic sister chromatid segregation. |
| | GO:0010508 | | positive regulation of autophagy | | Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm. |
| | GO:0016239 | | positive regulation of macroautophagy | | Any process, such as recognition of nutrient depletion, that activates or increases the rate of macroautophagy to bring cytosolic macromolecules to the vacuole/lysosome for degradation. |
| | GO:0098779 | | positive regulation of macromitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization | | The macromitophagy process that is triggered by a detection of the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. |
| | GO:1903599 | | positive regulation of mitophagy | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrion degradation. |
| | GO:0014068 | | positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase cascade. |
| | GO:0032258 | | protein localization by the CVT pathway | | A cytoplasm to vacuole targeting pathway that uses machinery common with autophagy. The CVT vesicle is formed when the receptor protein, Atg19, binds to the complexes of the target protein (aminopeptidase or alpha-mannosidase homododecamers), forming the Cvt complex. Atg11 binds to Atg9 and transports the CVT complex to the pre-autophagosome (PAS). The phagophore membrane expands around the CVT complex (excluding bulk cytoplasm) forming the CVT vesicle. This pathway is mostly observed in yeast. |
| | GO:0032801 | | receptor catabolic process | | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function. |
| | GO:0050790 | | regulation of catalytic activity | | Any process that modulates the activity of an enzyme. |
| | GO:0032465 | | regulation of cytokinesis | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the division of the cytoplasm of a cell and its separation into two daughter cells. |
| | GO:0042493 | | response to drug | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease. |
| | GO:0001666 | | response to hypoxia | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. |
| | GO:0051707 | | response to other organism | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from another living organism. |
| | GO:0033197 | | response to vitamin E | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin E stimulus. |
| | GO:0016032 | | viral process | | A multi-organism process in which a virus is a participant. The other participant is the host. Includes infection of a host cell, replication of the viral genome, and assembly of progeny virus particles. In some cases the viral genetic material may integrate into the host genome and only subsequently, under particular circumstances, 'complete' its life cycle. |
| cellular component |
|---|
| | GO:0005794 | | Golgi apparatus | | A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions. |
| | GO:0005776 | | autophagosome | | A double-membrane-bounded compartment that engulfs endogenous cellular material as well as invading microorganisms to target them to the vacuole/lysosome for degradation as part of macroautophagy. |
| | GO:0005737 | | cytoplasm | | All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| | GO:0031410 | | cytoplasmic vesicle | | A vesicle found in the cytoplasm of a cell. |
| | GO:0005829 | | cytosol | | The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. |
| | GO:0030425 | | dendrite | | A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, often branched, morphology, receives and integrates signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conducts a nerve impulse towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body. |
| | GO:0005783 | | endoplasmic reticulum | | The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached). |
| | GO:0005789 | | endoplasmic reticulum membrane | | The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum. |
| | GO:0005768 | | endosome | | A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered. |
| | GO:0010008 | | endosome membrane | | The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome. |
| | GO:0019898 | | extrinsic component of membrane | | The component of a membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. |
| | GO:0016020 | | membrane | | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it. |
| | GO:0031966 | | mitochondrial membrane | | Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope. |
| | GO:0005739 | | mitochondrion | | A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration. |
| | GO:0005634 | | nucleus | | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. |
| | GO:0045335 | | phagocytic vesicle | | A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle that arises from the ingestion of particulate material by phagocytosis. |
| | GO:0035032 | | phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, class III | | A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex that contains a catalytic class III phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) subunit bound to a regulatory (adaptor) subunit. Additional adaptor proteins may be present. Class III PI3Ks have a substrate specificity restricted to phosphatidylinositol (PI). |
| | GO:0034271 | | phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, class III, type I | | A class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex that is involved in autophagy. In budding yeast, this complex consists of Vps30p, Vps34p, Apg14p and Vps15p. |
| | GO:0034272 | | phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, class III, type II | | A class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex that is involved in vacuolar protein sorting (VPS) via endosomes. In budding yeast, this complex consists of Vps30p, Vps34p, Vps38 and Vps15p. |
| | GO:0000407 | | pre-autophagosomal structure | | Punctate structures proximal to the endoplasmic reticulum which are the sites where the Atg machinery assembles upon autophagy induction. |
| | GO:0043234 | | protein complex | | A stable macromolecular complex composed (only) of two or more polypeptide subunits along with any covalently attached molecules (such as lipid anchors or oligosaccharide) or non-protein prosthetic groups (such as nucleotides or metal ions). Prosthetic group in this context refers to a tightly bound cofactor. The component polypeptide subunits may be identical. |
| | GO:0005802 | | trans-Golgi network | | The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located within the Golgi apparatus on the side distal to the endoplasmic reticulum, from which secretory vesicles emerge. The trans-Golgi network is important in the later stages of protein secretion where it is thought to play a key role in the sorting and targeting of secreted proteins to the correct destination. |
Description
