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(-) Description

Title :  CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF IHHN BOUND TO CDOFN3
 
Authors :  J. M. Kavran, D. J. Leahy
Date :  15 May 10  (Deposition) - 02 Jun 10  (Release) - 19 Jun 13  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  1.60
Chains :  Asym. Unit :  A,B,C,D
Biol. Unit 1:  A,D  (1x)
Biol. Unit 2:  B,C  (1x)
Keywords :  Binding Sites, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Cell Cycle Proteins, Cell Line, Conserved Sequence, Fibronectins, Hedgehog Proteins, Immunoglobulin G, Membrane Glycoproteins, Membrane Proteins, Protein Binding, Tertiary, Receptors, Cell Surface, Sequence Homology, Signal Transduction, Tumor Suppressor Proteins (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  J. M. Kavran, M. D. Ward, O. O. Oladosu, S. Mulepati, D. J. Leahy
All Mammalian Hedgehog Proteins Interact With Cell Adhesion Molecule, Down-Regulated By Oncogenes (Cdo) And Brother Of Cdo (Boc) In A Conserved Manner.
J. Biol. Chem. V. 285 24584 2010
PubMed-ID: 20519495  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1074/JBC.M110.131680

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - INDIAN HEDGEHOG PROTEIN
    ChainsA, B
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemESCHERICHIA COLI
    Expression System Taxid562
    FragmentN-TERMINAL DOMAIN
    GeneIHH
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606
    SynonymIHH, HHG-2, INDIAN HEDGEHOG PROTEIN N-PRODUCT, INDIAN HEDGEHOG PROTEIN C-PRODUCT
 
Molecule 2 - CELL ADHESION MOLECULE-RELATED/DOWN-REGULATED BY ONCOGENES
    ChainsC, D
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemESCHERICHIA COLI
    Expression System Taxid562
    FragmentTHIRD FN3 DOMAIN
    GeneCDON, CDO
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  1234
Asymmetric Unit ABCD
Biological Unit 1 (1x)A  D
Biological Unit 2 (1x) BC 

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (2, 8)

Asymmetric Unit (2, 8)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1CA6Ligand/IonCALCIUM ION
2ZN2Ligand/IonZINC ION
Biological Unit 1 (0, 0)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1CA-1Ligand/IonCALCIUM ION
2ZN-1Ligand/IonZINC ION
Biological Unit 2 (0, 0)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1CA-1Ligand/IonCALCIUM ION
2ZN-1Ligand/IonZINC ION

(-) Sites  (8, 8)

Asymmetric Unit (8, 8)
No.NameEvidenceResiduesDescription
1AC1SOFTWAREHOH A:20 , HIS A:145 , ASP A:152 , HIS A:187BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN A 2
2AC2SOFTWAREGLU A:94 , GLU A:95 , ASP A:100 , THR A:130 , GLU A:131BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE CA A 5
3AC3SOFTWAREHOH A:1 , GLU A:95 , GLU A:131 , ASP A:134 , ASP A:136 , HOH A:195 , HOH D:8BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE CA A 6
4AC4SOFTWAREASN A:96 , HOH A:657 , HOH A:716 , ASN B:96 , HOH B:194 , HOH B:240 , HOH B:343BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE CA A 8
5AC5SOFTWAREHIS B:145 , ASP B:152 , HIS B:187 , HOH B:328BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN B 1
6AC6SOFTWAREHOH B:2 , GLU B:95 , GLU B:131 , ASP B:134 , ASP B:136 , HOH B:200 , HOH C:11BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE CA B 3
7AC7SOFTWAREGLU B:94 , GLU B:95 , ASP B:100 , THR B:130 , GLU B:131BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE CA B 4
8AC8SOFTWAREASN A:120 , HOH A:239 , HOH A:266 , HOH A:324 , HOH C:718 , HIS C:893BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE CA C 7

(-) SS Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "SS Bond" information available for 3N1F)

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (2, 2)

Asymmetric Unit
No.Residues
1Ser A:53 -Pro A:54
2Ser B:53 -Pro B:54

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (6, 12)

Asymmetric Unit (6, 12)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_015981P46LIHH_HUMANDisease (ACFD)121917856A/BP46L
2UniProtVAR_015982E95KIHH_HUMANDisease (BDA1)121917852A/BE95K
3UniProtVAR_015983D100EIHH_HUMANDisease (BDA1)121917854A/BD100E
4UniProtVAR_015984D100NIHH_HUMANDisease (BDA1)28936377A/BD100N
5UniProtVAR_015985E131KIHH_HUMANDisease (BDA1)121917853A/BE131K
6UniProtVAR_015986V190AIHH_HUMANDisease (ACFD)121917857A/BV190A

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Biological Unit 1 (6, 6)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_015981P46LIHH_HUMANDisease (ACFD)121917856AP46L
2UniProtVAR_015982E95KIHH_HUMANDisease (BDA1)121917852AE95K
3UniProtVAR_015983D100EIHH_HUMANDisease (BDA1)121917854AD100E
4UniProtVAR_015984D100NIHH_HUMANDisease (BDA1)28936377AD100N
5UniProtVAR_015985E131KIHH_HUMANDisease (BDA1)121917853AE131K
6UniProtVAR_015986V190AIHH_HUMANDisease (ACFD)121917857AV190A

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Biological Unit 2 (6, 6)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_015981P46LIHH_HUMANDisease (ACFD)121917856BP46L
2UniProtVAR_015982E95KIHH_HUMANDisease (BDA1)121917852BE95K
3UniProtVAR_015983D100EIHH_HUMANDisease (BDA1)121917854BD100E
4UniProtVAR_015984D100NIHH_HUMANDisease (BDA1)28936377BD100N
5UniProtVAR_015985E131KIHH_HUMANDisease (BDA1)121917853BE131K
6UniProtVAR_015986V190AIHH_HUMANDisease (ACFD)121917857BV190A

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (1, 2)

Asymmetric Unit (1, 2)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1FN3PS50853 Fibronectin type-III domain profile.CDON_HUMAN579-677
723-821
826-926
 
  2-
-
C:826-924
D:826-924
Biological Unit 1 (1, 1)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1FN3PS50853 Fibronectin type-III domain profile.CDON_HUMAN579-677
723-821
826-926
 
  1-
-
-
D:826-924
Biological Unit 2 (1, 1)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1FN3PS50853 Fibronectin type-III domain profile.CDON_HUMAN579-677
723-821
826-926
 
  1-
-
C:826-924
-

(-) Exons   (0, 0)

(no "Exon" information available for 3N1F)

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:151
 aligned with IHH_HUMAN | Q14623 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:411

    Alignment length:151
                                    52        62        72        82        92       102       112       122       132       142       152       162       172       182       192 
            IHH_HUMAN    43 KLVPLAYKQFSPNVPEKTLGASGRYEGKIARSSERFKELTPNYNPDIIFKDEENTGADRLMTQRCKDRLNSLAISVMNQWPGVKLRVTEGWDEDGHHSEESLHYEGRAVDITTSDRDRNKYGLLARLAVEAGFDWVYYESKAHVHCSVKSE 193
               SCOP domains d3n1fa_ A: automated matches                                                                                                                            SCOP domains
               CATH domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ....................................................................................................................................................... Sec.struct. author
             SAPs(SNPs) (1) ---L------------------------------------------------K----E------------------------------K----------------------------------------------------------A--- SAPs(SNPs) (1)
             SAPs(SNPs) (2) ---------------------------------------------------------N--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs) (2)
                    PROSITE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 3n1f A  43 KLVPLAYKQFSPNVPEKTLGASGRYEGKIARSSERFKELTPNYNPDIIFKDEENTGADRLMTQRCKDRLNSLAISVMNQWPGVKLRVTEGWDEDGHHSEESLHYEGRAVDITTSDRDRNKYGLLARLAVEAGFDWVYYESKAHVHCSVKSE 193
                                    52        62        72        82        92       102       112       122       132       142       152       162       172       182       192 

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:150
 aligned with IHH_HUMAN | Q14623 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:411

    Alignment length:150
                                    53        63        73        83        93       103       113       123       133       143       153       163       173       183       193
            IHH_HUMAN    44 LVPLAYKQFSPNVPEKTLGASGRYEGKIARSSERFKELTPNYNPDIIFKDEENTGADRLMTQRCKDRLNSLAISVMNQWPGVKLRVTEGWDEDGHHSEESLHYEGRAVDITTSDRDRNKYGLLARLAVEAGFDWVYYESKAHVHCSVKSE 193
               SCOP domains d3n1fb_ B: automated matches                                                                                                                           SCOP domains
               CATH domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CATH domains
           Pfam domains (1) HH_signal-3n1fB01 B:44-189                                                                                                                        ---- Pfam domains (1)
           Pfam domains (2) HH_signal-3n1fB02 B:44-189                                                                                                                        ---- Pfam domains (2)
         Sec.struct. author ...................................................................................................................................................... Sec.struct. author
             SAPs(SNPs) (1) --L------------------------------------------------K----E------------------------------K----------------------------------------------------------A--- SAPs(SNPs) (1)
             SAPs(SNPs) (2) --------------------------------------------------------N--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs) (2)
                    PROSITE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PROSITE
                 Transcript ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Transcript
                 3n1f B  44 LVPLAYKQFSPNVPEKTLGASGRYEGKIARSSERFKELTPNYNPDIIFKDEENTGADRLMTQRCKDRLNSLAISVMNQWPGVKLRVTEGWDEDGHHSEESLHYEGRAVDITTSDRDRNKYGLLARLAVEAGFDWVYYESKAHVHCSVKSE 193
                                    53        63        73        83        93       103       113       123       133       143       153       163       173       183       193

Chain C from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:94
 aligned with CDON_HUMAN | Q4KMG0 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:1287

    Alignment length:99
                                   835       845       855       865       875       885       895       905       915         
           CDON_HUMAN   826 PITGPHIAYTEAVSDTQIMLKWTYIPSSNNNTPIQGFYIYYRPTDSDNDSDYKRDVVEGSKQWHMIGHLQPETSYDIKMQCFNEGGESEFSNVMICETK 924
               SCOP domains d3n1fc_ C: automated match     es                                                                   SCOP domains
               CATH domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .....eeeeeee.....eeeeee...-----....eeeeeeee....hhhhheeeeee....eeee.......eeeeeeeeee..ee......eeee.. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE FN3  PDB: C:826-924 UniProt: 826-926                                                                PROSITE
                 Transcript --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 3n1f C 826 PITGPHIAYTEAVSDTQIMLKWTYIP-----TPIQGFYIYYRPTDSDNDSDYKRDVVEGSKQWHMIGHLQPETSYDIKMQCFNEGGESEFSNVMICETK 924
                                   835       845     |   - |     865       875       885       895       905       915         
                                                   851   857                                                                   

Chain D from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:102
 aligned with CDON_HUMAN | Q4KMG0 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:1287

    Alignment length:102
                                   832       842       852       862       872       882       892       902       912       922  
           CDON_HUMAN   823 SSRPITGPHIAYTEAVSDTQIMLKWTYIPSSNNNTPIQGFYIYYRPTDSDNDSDYKRDVVEGSKQWHMIGHLQPETSYDIKMQCFNEGGESEFSNVMICETK 924
               SCOP domains d3n1fd_ D: automated matches                                                                           SCOP domains
               CATH domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CATH domains
           Pfam domains (1) ---fn3-3n1fD01 D:826-916                                                                      -------- Pfam domains (1)
           Pfam domains (2) ---fn3-3n1fD02 D:826-916                                                                      -------- Pfam domains (2)
         Sec.struct. author ........eeeeeee.....eeeeee.hhhhhh.....eeeeeeee....hhhhheeeeee....eeee.......eeeeeeeeee..ee......eeee.. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ---FN3  PDB: D:826-924 UniProt: 826-926                                                                PROSITE
                 Transcript ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Transcript
                 3n1f D 823 GSTPITGPHIAYTEAVSDTQIMLKWTYIPSSNNNTPIQGFYIYYRPTDSDNDSDYKRDVVEGSKQWHMIGHLQPETSYDIKMQCFNEGGESEFSNVMICETK 924
                                   832       842       852       862       872       882       892       902       912       922  

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (2, 4)

Asymmetric Unit

(-) CATH Domains  (0, 0)

(no "CATH Domain" information available for 3N1F)

(-) Pfam Domains  (2, 4)

Asymmetric Unit
(-)
Clan: E-set (290)
(-)
Family: fn3 (66)
1afn3-3n1fD01D:826-916
1bfn3-3n1fD02D:826-916

(-) Gene Ontology  (59, 63)

Asymmetric Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A,B   (IHH_HUMAN | Q14623)
molecular function
    GO:0005509    calcium ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+).
    GO:0016787    hydrolase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.
    GO:0046872    metal ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
    GO:0005113    patched binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the patched (ptc) protein, a receptor for hedgehog proteins.
    GO:0008233    peptidase activity    Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid.
biological process
    GO:0051216    cartilage development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cartilage element over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage elements are skeletal elements that consist of connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate.
    GO:0007267    cell-cell signaling    Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another. This process includes signal transduction in the receiving cell and, where applicable, release of a ligand and any processes that actively facilitate its transport and presentation to the receiving cell. Examples include signaling via soluble ligands, via cell adhesion molecules and via gap junctions.
    GO:0042733    embryonic digit morphogenesis    The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the digit are generated and organized. A digit is one of the terminal divisions of an appendage, such as a finger or toe.
    GO:0001947    heart looping    The tube morphogenesis process in which the primitive heart tube loops asymmetrically. This looping brings the primitive heart chambers into alignment preceding their future integration. Heart looping begins with dextral-looping and ends when the main regional divisions of the mature heart and primordium of the great arterial trunks become established preceeding septation.
    GO:0016539    intein-mediated protein splicing    The removal of an internal amino acid sequence (an intein) from a protein during protein maturation; the excision of inteins is precise and the N- and C-terminal exteins are joined by a normal peptide bond. Protein splicing involves 4 nucleophilic displacements by the 3 conserved splice junction residues.
    GO:0060135    maternal process involved in female pregnancy    A reproductive process occurring in the mother that allows an embryo or fetus to develop within it.
    GO:0007275    multicellular organism development    The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult).
    GO:0033085    negative regulation of T cell differentiation in thymus    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T cell differentiation in the thymus.
    GO:0046639    negative regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell differentiation.
    GO:0043066    negative regulation of apoptotic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
    GO:0033088    negative regulation of immature T cell proliferation in thymus    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of immature T cell proliferation in the thymus.
    GO:0009968    negative regulation of signal transduction    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction.
    GO:0033089    positive regulation of T cell differentiation in thymus    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell differentiation in the thymus.
    GO:0046638    positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell differentiation.
    GO:0032332    positive regulation of chondrocyte differentiation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chondrocyte differentiation.
    GO:0050679    positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation    Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation.
    GO:0045880    positive regulation of smoothened signaling pathway    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of smoothened signaling.
    GO:0045944    positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
    GO:0006508    proteolysis    The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds.
    GO:0045595    regulation of cell differentiation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation, the process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and functional features.
    GO:0032355    response to estradiol    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by estradiol, a C18 steroid hormone hydroxylated at C3 and C17 that acts as a potent estrogen.
    GO:0001501    skeletal system development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skeleton over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skeleton is the bony framework of the body in vertebrates (endoskeleton) or the hard outer envelope of insects (exoskeleton or dermoskeleton).
    GO:0007224    smoothened signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of activation of the transmembrane protein Smoothened.
    GO:0061053    somite development    The progression of a somite from its initial formation to the mature structure. Somites are mesodermal clusters that are arranged segmentally along the anterior posterior axis of an embryo.
cellular component
    GO:0005576    extracellular region    The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
    GO:0005615    extracellular space    That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

Chain C,D   (CDON_HUMAN | Q4KMG0)
molecular function
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
biological process
    GO:0009952    anterior/posterior pattern specification    The regionalization process in which specific areas of cell differentiation are determined along the anterior-posterior axis. The anterior-posterior axis is defined by a line that runs from the head or mouth of an organism to the tail or opposite end of the organism.
    GO:0007155    cell adhesion    The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules.
    GO:0001708    cell fate specification    The process involved in the specification of cell identity. Once specification has taken place, a cell will be committed to differentiate down a specific pathway if left in its normal environment.
    GO:0021987    cerebral cortex development    The progression of the cerebral cortex over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The cerebral cortex is the outer layered region of the telencephalon.
    GO:0010172    embryonic body morphogenesis    The process in which the anatomical structures of the embryonic soma are generated and organized.
    GO:0048598    embryonic morphogenesis    The process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized during the embryonic phase. The embryonic phase begins with zygote formation. The end of the embryonic phase is organism-specific. For example, it would be at birth for mammals, larval hatching for insects and seed dormancy in plants.
    GO:0060059    embryonic retina morphogenesis in camera-type eye    The process in which the anatomical structure of the retina is generated and organized in a camera-type eye during the embryonic life stage.
    GO:0002088    lens development in camera-type eye    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lens over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The lens is a transparent structure in the eye through which light is focused onto the retina. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.
    GO:0007520    myoblast fusion    A process in which non-proliferating myoblasts fuse to existing fibers or to myotubes to form new fibers. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.
    GO:0043410    positive regulation of MAPK cascade    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the MAPK cascade.
    GO:0051149    positive regulation of muscle cell differentiation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of muscle cell differentiation.
    GO:0045663    positive regulation of myoblast differentiation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast differentiation. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.
    GO:2000179    positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neural precursor cell proliferation.
    GO:0045666    positive regulation of neuron differentiation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation.
    GO:0001934    positive regulation of protein phosphorylation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein.
    GO:0048643    positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development    Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of skeletal muscle tissue development.
    GO:0051057    positive regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction.
    GO:0045944    positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
    GO:0045664    regulation of neuron differentiation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation.
    GO:0043497    regulation of protein heterodimerization activity    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein heterodimerization, interacting selectively with a nonidentical protein to form a heterodimer.
    GO:0014816    skeletal muscle satellite cell differentiation    The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a satellite cell.
    GO:0007224    smoothened signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of activation of the transmembrane protein Smoothened.
    GO:0051146    striated muscle cell differentiation    The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a striated muscle cell; striated muscle fibers are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and voluntary muscle are types of striated muscle.
cellular component
    GO:0009986    cell surface    The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.
    GO:0031012    extracellular matrix    A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues.
    GO:0016021    integral component of membrane    The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
    GO:0005887    integral component of plasma membrane    The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

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 Related Entries

(-) Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

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        CDON_HUMAN | Q4KMG03d1m 3n1q
        IHH_HUMAN | Q146233k7g 3k7h 3k7i 3k7j 3n1m 3n1o 3n1p

(-) Related Entries Specified in the PDB File

3n1g 3n1m 3n1o 3n1p 3n1q 3n1r