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Asym./Biol. Unit (Jmol Viewer)

Asym./Biol. Unit - sites (Jmol Viewer)

Title :   STRUCTURE OF WRN RQC DOMAIN BOUND TO DOUBLE-STRANDED DNA

Authors :   K. Kitano, T. Hakoshima

Date :   16 Nov 09 (Deposition) - 16 Feb 10 (Release) - 13 Jul 11 (Revision)

Method :   X-RAY DIFFRACTION

Resolution :   1.90

Chains :   Asym./Biol. Unit : A,B,C,D

Keywords :   Helix-Turn-Helix, Winged-Helix, Protein-Dna Complex, Dna-Binding, Helicase, Dna Binding Protein-Dna Complex (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google)] )

Reference :   K. Kitano, S. Y. Kim, T. Hakoshima
Structural Basis For Dna Strand Separation By The Unconventional Winged-Helix Domain Of Recq Helicase Wrn
Structure V. 18 177 2010
PubMed-ID: 20159463 | Reference-DOI: 10.1016/J.STR.2009.12.011

Molecule 1 - WERNER SYNDROME ATP-DEPENDENT HELICASE
	Chains	:	A, B
	EC Number	:	3.6.1.-
	Engineered	:	YES
	Expression System	:	ESCHERICHIA COLI
	Expression System Plasmid	:	PGEX-5X-1
	Expression System Strain	:	BL21-CODONPLUS RIL
	Expression System Taxid	:	562
	Expression System Vector Type	:	PLASMID
	Fragment	:	RECQ C-TERMINAL (RQC) DOMAIN
	Organism Common	:	HUMAN
	Organism Scientific	:	HOMO SAPIENS
	Organism Taxid	:	9606
	Synonym	:	WERNER SYNDROME PROTEIN, WRN

*Molecule 2 - DNA (5'-D(APCPCPCPTPAPAPTPTPAPGPGPGPT)-3')*
	Chains	:	C, D
	Engineered	:	YES
	Synthetic	:	YES

		1	2	3	4
Asymmetric/Biological Unit	:	A	B	C	D

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (1, 2)

No.	Name	Count	Type	Full Name
1	ACT	2	Ligand/Ion	ACETATE ION

Asymmetric Unit (2, 2)

No.	Name	Evidence	Residues	Description
1	AC1	SOFTWARE	HOH A:48 , HOH A:56 , ARG A:1033 , TYR A:1034 , ARG A:1048 , HIS A:1052	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ACT A 1
2	AC2	SOFTWARE	HOH B:51 , HOH B:313 , HIS B:1052 , ASN B:1055	BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ACT B 2

(no "SS Bond" information available for 3AAF)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 3AAF)

(no "SAP(SNP)/Variant" information available for 3AAF)

(no "PROSITE Motif" information available for 3AAF)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (3, 6)

	ENSEMBL					UniProtKB			PDB
No.	Transcript ID	Exon	Exon ID	Genome Location	Length	ID	Location	Length	Count	Location	Length
1.1	ENST00000298139	1	ENSE00001158217	chr8:30891317-30891489	173	WRN_HUMAN	-	0	0	-	-
1.2	ENST00000298139	2	ENSE00001092693	chr8:30915888-30916059	172	WRN_HUMAN	1-32	32	0	-	-
1.3	ENST00000298139	3	ENSE00001092694	chr8:30916669-30916781	113	WRN_HUMAN	33-70	38	0	-	-
1.4	ENST00000298139	4	ENSE00001092733	chr8:30921805-30921950	146	WRN_HUMAN	70-119	50	0	-	-
1.5	ENST00000298139	5	ENSE00001092708	chr8:30922431-30922579	149	WRN_HUMAN	119-168	50	0	-	-
1.6	ENST00000298139	6	ENSE00001158180	chr8:30924549-30924698	150	WRN_HUMAN	169-218	50	0	-	-
1.7	ENST00000298139	7	ENSE00001092732	chr8:30925774-30925843	70	WRN_HUMAN	219-242	24	0	-	-
1.8	ENST00000298139	8	ENSE00001092711	chr8:30933689-30933803	115	WRN_HUMAN	242-280	39	0	-	-
1.9	ENST00000298139	9	ENSE00001092739	chr8:30938383-30938812	430	WRN_HUMAN	280-423	144	0	-	-
1.10	ENST00000298139	10	ENSE00001687979	chr8:30941215-30941295	81	WRN_HUMAN	424-450	27	0	-	-
1.11	ENST00000298139	11	ENSE00001620781	chr8:30942682-30942762	81	WRN_HUMAN	451-477	27	0	-	-
1.12b	ENST00000298139	12b	ENSE00001092740	chr8:30945292-30945436	145	WRN_HUMAN	478-526	49	0	-	-
1.13	ENST00000298139	13	ENSE00001092713	chr8:30946406-30946481	76	WRN_HUMAN	526-551	26	0	-	-
1.14	ENST00000298139	14	ENSE00001092701	chr8:30947981-30948048	68	WRN_HUMAN	551-574	24	0	-	-
1.15	ENST00000298139	15	ENSE00001092742	chr8:30948350-30948458	109	WRN_HUMAN	574-610	37	0	-	-
1.16	ENST00000298139	16	ENSE00001092728	chr8:30949346-30949414	69	WRN_HUMAN	610-633	24	0	-	-
1.17	ENST00000298139	17	ENSE00001092724	chr8:30954284-30954366	83	WRN_HUMAN	633-661	29	0	-	-
1.18	ENST00000298139	18	ENSE00001092707	chr8:30958365-30958471	107	WRN_HUMAN	661-696	36	0	-	-
1.19	ENST00000298139	19	ENSE00001092734	chr8:30969131-30969315	185	WRN_HUMAN	697-758	62	0	-	-
1.20	ENST00000298139	20	ENSE00001157714	chr8:30973870-30974044	175	WRN_HUMAN	758-816	59	0	-	-
1.21b	ENST00000298139	21b	ENSE00001092705	chr8:30977759-30977940	182	WRN_HUMAN	817-877	61	0	-	-
1.22	ENST00000298139	22	ENSE00001092726	chr8:30982038-30982139	102	WRN_HUMAN	877-911	35	0	-	-
1.23b	ENST00000298139	23b	ENSE00001092703	chr8:30982424-30982516	93	WRN_HUMAN	911-942	32	0	-	-
1.24	ENST00000298139	24	ENSE00001092719	chr8:30989881-30990022	142	WRN_HUMAN	942-989	48	2	A:956-989 B:956-989	34 34
1.25	ENST00000298139	25	ENSE00001092735	chr8:30998946-30999116	171	WRN_HUMAN	990-1046	57	2	A:990-1046 B:990-1046	57 57
1.26	ENST00000298139	26	ENSE00001157686	chr8:30999197-30999291	95	WRN_HUMAN	1047-1078	32	2	A:1047-1064 B:1047-1064	18 18
1.27	ENST00000298139	27	ENSE00001092700	chr8:31000142-31000217	76	WRN_HUMAN	1078-1103	26	0	-	-
1.28	ENST00000298139	28	ENSE00001092709	chr8:31001066-31001139	74	WRN_HUMAN	1104-1128	25	0	-	-
1.29	ENST00000298139	29	ENSE00001092691	chr8:31004569-31004644	76	WRN_HUMAN	1128-1153	26	0	-	-
1.30	ENST00000298139	30	ENSE00001092702	chr8:31004880-31004992	113	WRN_HUMAN	1154-1191	38	0	-	-
1.31	ENST00000298139	31	ENSE00001092715	chr8:31007857-31007971	115	WRN_HUMAN	1191-1229	39	0	-	-
1.32	ENST00000298139	32	ENSE00001092722	chr8:31012140-31012271	132	WRN_HUMAN	1230-1273	44	0	-	-
1.33	ENST00000298139	33	ENSE00001092710	chr8:31014884-31015046	163	WRN_HUMAN	1274-1328	55	0	-	-
1.34	ENST00000298139	34	ENSE00001092695	chr8:31024538-31024746	209	WRN_HUMAN	1328-1397	70	0	-	-
1.35b	ENST00000298139	35b	ENSE00002115515	chr8:31030511-31031285	775	WRN_HUMAN	1398-1432	35	0	-	-

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

Reformat:	Number of residues per line = ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
	Number of residues per labelling interval =
	UniProt sequence: complete aligned part

Show mapping:	SCOP domains	CATH domains	Pfam domains	Secondary structure (by author)
	SAPs(SNPs)	PROSITE motifs	Exons
	(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)

Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:109
 aligned with WRN_HUMAN | Q14191 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:1432

    Alignment length:109
                                   965       975       985       995      1005      1015      1025      1035      1045      1055         
           WRN_HUMAN    956 SWDFGPQAFKLLSAVDILGEKFGIGLPILFLRGSNSQRLADQYRRHSLFGTGKDQTESWWKAFSRQLITEGFLVEVSRYNKFMKICALTKKGRNWLHKANTESQSLILQ 1064
               SCOP domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .eehhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.....hhhhhhhhh.......hhhhhhh.........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..eeeee......eeeeehhhhhhhhhhhh......ee. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
               Transcript 1 Exon 1.24  PDB: A:956-989         Exon 1.25  PDB: A:990-1046 UniProt: 990-1046             Exon 1.26          Transcript 1
                3aaf A  956 SWDFGPQAFKLLSAVDILGEKFGIGLPILFLRGSNSQRLADQYRRHSLFGTGKDQTESWWKAFSRQLITEGFLVEVSRYNKFMKICALTKKGRNWLHKANTESQSLILQ 1064
                                   965       975       985       995      1005      1015      1025      1035      1045      1055

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:109
 aligned with WRN_HUMAN | Q14191 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:1432

    Alignment length:109
                                   965       975       985       995      1005      1015      1025      1035      1045      1055         
           WRN_HUMAN    956 SWDFGPQAFKLLSAVDILGEKFGIGLPILFLRGSNSQRLADQYRRHSLFGTGKDQTESWWKAFSRQLITEGFLVEVSRYNKFMKICALTKKGRNWLHKANTESQSLILQ 1064
               SCOP domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .eehhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.....hhhhhhhhh.......hhhhhhh.........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..eeeee......eeeeehhhhhhhhhhhh......ee. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
               Transcript 1 Exon 1.24  PDB: B:956-989         Exon 1.25  PDB: B:990-1046 UniProt: 990-1046             Exon 1.26          Transcript 1
                3aaf B  956 SWDFGPQAFKLLSAVDILGEKFGIGLPILFLRGSNSQRLADQYRRHSLFGTGKDQTESWWKAFSRQLITEGFLVEVSRYNKFMKICALTKKGRNWLHKANTESQSLILQ 1064
                                   965       975       985       995      1005      1015      1025      1035      1045      1055

Chain C from PDB  Type:DNA  Length:14
                                               
                3aaf C    1 ACCCTAATTAGGGT   14
                                    10

Chain D from PDB  Type:DNA  Length:14
                                               
                3aaf D    1 ACCCTAATTAGGGT   14
                                    10

Legend:		→ Mismatch	(orange background)
	-	→ Gap	(green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
		→ Modified Residue	(blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
	x	→ Chemical Group	(purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
	extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '\|'

(no "SCOP Domain" information available for 3AAF)

(no "CATH Domain" information available for 3AAF)

(no "Pfam Domain" information available for 3AAF)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)

Chain A,B (WRN_HUMAN | Q14191)

molecular function
	GO:0043138	3'-5' DNA helicase activity	Catalysis of the unwinding of the DNA helix in the direction 3' to 5'.
	GO:0008408	3'-5' exonuclease activity	Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' end.
	GO:0005524	ATP binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.
	GO:0043140	ATP-dependent 3'-5' DNA helicase activity	Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate; drives the unwinding of the DNA helix in the direction 3' to 5'.
	GO:0004003	ATP-dependent DNA helicase activity	Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate; this reaction drives the unwinding of the DNA helix.
	GO:0008026	ATP-dependent helicase activity	Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix.
	GO:0016887	ATPase activity	Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + 2 H+. May or may not be coupled to another reaction.
	GO:0003677	DNA binding	Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively and non-covalently with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
	GO:0003678	DNA helicase activity	Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA helix.
	GO:0051880	G-quadruplex DNA binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with G-quadruplex DNA structures, in which groups of four guanines adopt a flat, cyclic Hoogsteen hydrogen-bonding arrangement known as a guanine tetrad. The stacking of guanine tetrads results in G-quadruplex DNA structures. G-quadruplex DNA can form under physiological conditions from some G-rich sequences, such as those found in telomeres, immunoglobulin switch regions, gene promoters, fragile X repeats, and the dimerization domain in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) genome.
	GO:0000403	Y-form DNA binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with segment of DNA shaped like a Y. This shape occurs when DNA contains a region of paired double-stranded DNA on one end and a region of unpaired DNA strands on the opposite end.
	GO:0000405	bubble DNA binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA that contains a bubble. A bubble occurs when DNA contains a region of unpaired, single-stranded DNA flanked on both sides by regions of paired, double-stranded DNA.
	GO:0003824	catalytic activity	Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic.
	GO:0003682	chromatin binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chromatin, the network of fibers of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that make up the chromosomes of the eukaryotic nucleus during interphase.
	GO:0004527	exonuclease activity	Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end.
	GO:0009378	four-way junction helicase activity	Catalysis of the unwinding of the DNA helix of DNA containing four-way junctions, including Holliday junctions.
	GO:0004386	helicase activity	Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + H2O = NDP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix.
	GO:0016787	hydrolase activity	Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.
	GO:0000287	magnesium ion binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions.
	GO:0030145	manganese ion binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with manganese (Mn) ions.
	GO:0046872	metal ion binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
	GO:0004518	nuclease activity	Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids.
	GO:0003676	nucleic acid binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid.
	GO:0000166	nucleotide binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose.
	GO:0005515	protein binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
	GO:0032403	protein complex binding	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
	GO:0042803	protein homodimerization activity	Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein to form a homodimer.
biological process
	GO:0032508	DNA duplex unwinding	The process in which interchain hydrogen bonds between two strands of DNA are broken or 'melted', generating a region of unpaired single strands.
	GO:0006259	DNA metabolic process	Any cellular metabolic process involving deoxyribonucleic acid. This is one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from one, or more commonly, two, strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides.
	GO:0006310	DNA recombination	Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction.
	GO:0006281	DNA repair	The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway.
	GO:0006260	DNA replication	The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA.
	GO:0000731	DNA synthesis involved in DNA repair	Synthesis of DNA that proceeds from the broken 3' single-strand DNA end and uses the homologous intact duplex as the template.
	GO:0007568	aging	A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700).
	GO:0006284	base-excision repair	In base excision repair, an altered base is removed by a DNA glycosylase enzyme, followed by excision of the resulting sugar phosphate. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase.
	GO:0007420	brain development	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Brain development begins with patterning events in the neural tube and ends with the mature structure that is the center of thought and emotion. The brain is responsible for the coordination and control of bodily activities and the interpretation of information from the senses (sight, hearing, smell, etc.).
	GO:0007569	cell aging	An aging process that has as participant a cell after a cell has stopped dividing. Cell aging may occur when a cell has temporarily stopped dividing through cell cycle arrest (GO:0007050) or when a cell has permanently stopped dividing, in which case it is undergoing cellular senescence (GO:0090398). May precede cell death (GO:0008219) and succeed cell maturation (GO:0048469).
	GO:0044237	cellular metabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances.
	GO:0006974	cellular response to DNA damage stimulus	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to its DNA from environmental insults or errors during metabolism.
	GO:0071480	cellular response to gamma radiation	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gamma radiation stimulus. Gamma radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) or light emission of a specific frequency produced from sub-atomic particle interaction, such as electron-positron annihilation and radioactive decay. Gamma rays are generally characterized as EMR having the highest frequency and energy, and also the shortest wavelength, within the electromagnetic radiation spectrum.
	GO:0009267	cellular response to starvation	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of nourishment.
	GO:0006302	double-strand break repair	The repair of double-strand breaks in DNA via homologous and nonhomologous mechanisms to reform a continuous DNA helix.
	GO:0008152	metabolic process	The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation.
	GO:0010259	multicellular organism aging	An aging process that has as participant a whole multicellular organism. Multicellular organism aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Multicellular organisms aging includes processes like cellular senescence and organ senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death (GO:0016265) of an organism and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700).
	GO:0090305	nucleic acid phosphodiester bond hydrolysis	The nucleic acid metabolic process in which the phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides are cleaved by hydrolysis.
	GO:0006139	nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process	Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.
	GO:0032066	nucleolus to nucleoplasm transport	The directed movement of substances from the nucleolus to the nucleoplasm.
	GO:0051345	positive regulation of hydrolase activity	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hydrolase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds.
	GO:0016925	protein sumoylation	The process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is conjugated to a target protein via an isopeptide bond between the carboxyl terminus of SUMO with an epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue of the target protein.
	GO:0042981	regulation of apoptotic process	Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process.
	GO:0040009	regulation of growth rate	Any process that modulates the rate of growth of all or part of an organism.
	GO:1901796	regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction by p53 class mediator.
	GO:0031297	replication fork processing	The process in which a DNA replication fork that has stalled is restored to a functional state and replication is restarted. The stalling may be due to DNA damage, DNA secondary structure, bound proteins, dNTP shortage, or other causes.
	GO:0001302	replicative cell aging	The process associated with progression of the cell from its inception to the end of its lifespan that occurs as the cell continues cycles of growth and division.
	GO:0010225	response to UV-C	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a UV-C radiation stimulus. UV-C radiation (UV-C light) spans the wavelengths 100 to 280 nm.
	GO:0006979	response to oxidative stress	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals.
	GO:0000732	strand displacement	The rejection of the broken 3' single-strand DNA molecule that formed heteroduplex DNA with its complement in an intact duplex DNA. The Watson-Crick base pairing in the original duplex is restored. The rejected 3' single-strand DNA molecule reanneals with its original complement to reform two intact duplex molecules.
	GO:0000723	telomere maintenance	Any process that contributes to the maintenance of proper telomeric length and structure by affecting and monitoring the activity of telomeric proteins, the length of telomeric DNA and the replication and repair of the DNA. These processes includes those that shorten, lengthen, replicate and repair the telomeric DNA sequences.
	GO:0000722	telomere maintenance via recombination	Any recombinational process that contributes to the maintenance of proper telomeric length.
cellular component
	GO:0032389	MutLalpha complex	A heterodimer involved in the recognition of base-base and small insertion/deletion mismatches. In human the complex consists of two subunits, MLH1 and PMS2.
	GO:0005813	centrosome	A structure comprised of a core structure (in most organisms, a pair of centrioles) and peripheral material from which a microtubule-based structure, such as a spindle apparatus, is organized. Centrosomes occur close to the nucleus during interphase in many eukaryotic cells, though in animal cells it changes continually during the cell-division cycle.
	GO:0005737	cytoplasm	All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
	GO:0005622	intracellular	The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm.
	GO:0043005	neuron projection	A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.
	GO:0000784	nuclear chromosome, telomeric region	The terminal region of a linear nuclear chromosome that includes the telomeric DNA repeats and associated proteins.
	GO:0005730	nucleolus	A small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is rich in RNA and protein, is not bounded by a limiting membrane, and is not seen during mitosis. Its prime function is the transcription of the nucleolar DNA into 45S ribosomal-precursor RNA, the processing of this RNA into 5.8S, 18S, and 28S components of ribosomal RNA, and the association of these components with 5S RNA and proteins synthesized outside the nucleolus. This association results in the formation of ribonucleoprotein precursors; these pass into the cytoplasm and mature into the 40S and 60S subunits of the ribosome.
	GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.
	GO:0005634	nucleus	A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
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(no "Cis Peptide Bonds" information available for 3aaf)

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	3aaf
		Family and Domain Information	:	ProDom \| SYSTERS
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		Orientation in Membranes	:	OPM
		Protein Surface	:	SURFACE
		Secondary Structure	:	DSSP (structure derived) \| HSSP (homology derived)
		Structural Genomics	:	GeneCensus
		Structural Neighbours	:	CE \| VAST
		Structure Classification	:	CATH \| Dali \| SCOP
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	WRN_HUMAN \| Q14191
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	3.6.1.-
		General Enzyme Information	:	BRENDA \| EC-PDB \| Enzyme \| IntEnz
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		Interatomic Contacts of Structural Units	:	CSU
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	WRN_HUMAN \| Q14191
		Protein Disorder Prediction	:	DisEMBL \| FoldIndex \| GLOBPLOT (for more information see DisProt)

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	WRN_HUMAN \| Q14191	:	2axl 2dgz 2e1e 2e1f 2fbt 2fbv 2fbx 2fby 2fc0

(no "Related Entries Specified in the PDB File" available for 3AAF)

Description

Compounds

Structural Features

Chains, Units

Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions (1, 2)

Sites (2, 2)

SS Bonds (0, 0)

Cis Peptide Bonds (0, 0)

Sequence-Structure Mapping

SAPs(SNPs)/Variants (0, 0)

PROSITE Motifs (0, 0)

Exons (3, 6)

Sequences/Alignments

Classification and Annotation

SCOP Domains (0, 0)

CATH Domains (0, 0)

Pfam Domains (0, 0)

Gene Ontology (68, 68)

Visualization

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Still Images

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Databases

Analysis Tools

Related Entries

Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

Related Entries Specified in the PDB File