molecular function |
| GO:0005125 | | cytokine activity | | Functions to control the survival, growth, differentiation and effector function of tissues and cells. |
| GO:0005164 | | tumor necrosis factor receptor binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the tumor necrosis factor receptor. |
| GO:0032813 | | tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. |
biological process |
| GO:0070371 | | ERK1 and ERK2 cascade | | An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least ERK1 or ERK2 (MAPKs), a MEK (a MAPKK) and a MAP3K. The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell. |
| GO:0071847 | | TNFSF11-mediated signaling pathway | | A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 (TNFSF11) to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. |
| GO:0007257 | | activation of JUN kinase activity | | The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme JUN kinase (JNK). |
| GO:0009887 | | animal organ morphogenesis | | Morphogenesis of an animal organ. An organ is defined as a tissue or set of tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Morphogenesis is the process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions. |
| GO:0045453 | | bone resorption | | The process in which specialized cells known as osteoclasts degrade the organic and inorganic portions of bone, and endocytose and transport the degradation products. |
| GO:0055074 | | calcium ion homeostasis | | Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions within an organism or cell. |
| GO:0030154 | | cell differentiation | | The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state. |
| GO:0019221 | | cytokine-mediated signaling pathway | | A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a cytokine to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. |
| GO:0006955 | | immune response | | Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. |
| GO:0060749 | | mammary gland alveolus development | | The progression of the mammary gland alveolus over time, from its formation to its mature state. The mammary gland alveolus is a sac-like structure that is found in the mature gland. |
| GO:0033598 | | mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation | | The multiplication or reproduction of mammary gland epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Mammary gland epithelial cells make up the covering of surfaces of the mammary gland. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk. |
| GO:0002548 | | monocyte chemotaxis | | The movement of a monocyte in response to an external stimulus. |
| GO:0007275 | | multicellular organism development | | The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult). |
| GO:0001503 | | ossification | | The formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance. |
| GO:0030316 | | osteoclast differentiation | | The process in which a relatively unspecialized monocyte acquires the specialized features of an osteoclast. An osteoclast is a specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue. |
| GO:0002158 | | osteoclast proliferation | | The multiplication or reproduction of osteoclasts, resulting in the expansion of an osteoclast cell population. An osteoclast is a specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue, which typically differentiates from monocytes. |
| GO:0038001 | | paracrine signaling | | The transfer of information from one cell to another, where the signal travels from the signal-producing cell to the receiving cell by passive diffusion or bulk flow in intercellular fluid. The signaling cell and the receiving cell are usually in the vicinity of each other. |
| GO:0071848 | | positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade via TNFSF11-mediated signaling | | Any TNFSF11-mediated signaling process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade. |
| GO:0043123 | | positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling. |
| GO:0046330 | | positive regulation of JNK cascade | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the JNK cascade. |
| GO:0043406 | | positive regulation of MAP kinase activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of MAP kinase activity. |
| GO:0051092 | | positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB. |
| GO:0050870 | | positive regulation of T cell activation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell activation. |
| GO:0045780 | | positive regulation of bone resorption | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of bone resorption. |
| GO:0051466 | | positive regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of corticotropin-releasing hormone from a cell. |
| GO:0071812 | | positive regulation of fever generation by positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion | | Any process that increases the rate or extent of fever generation via positive regulation of the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a prostaglandin from a cell. |
| GO:0034112 | | positive regulation of homotypic cell-cell adhesion | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of homotypic cell-cell adhesion. |
| GO:1902533 | | positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of intracellular signal transduction. |
| GO:2001206 | | positive regulation of osteoclast development | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast development. |
| GO:0045672 | | positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast differentiation. |
| GO:0042327 | | positive regulation of phosphorylation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to a molecule. |
| GO:0051897 | | positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase B signaling, a series of reactions mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B. |
| GO:0051091 | | positive regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription. |
| GO:0045944 | | positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
| GO:0051260 | | protein homooligomerization | | The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of identical component monomers. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer. |
| GO:0045670 | | regulation of osteoclast differentiation | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast differentiation. |
| GO:0033209 | | tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway | | A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a tumor necrosis factor to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. |
cellular component |
| GO:0005737 | | cytoplasm | | All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| GO:0005576 | | extracellular region | | The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite. |
| GO:0005615 | | extracellular space | | That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid. |
| GO:0016021 | | integral component of membrane | | The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. |
| GO:0005887 | | integral component of plasma membrane | | The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. |
| GO:0016020 | | membrane | | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it. |
| GO:0005886 | | plasma membrane | | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. |