molecular function |
| GO:0000340 | | RNA 7-methylguanosine cap binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the 7-methylguanosine group added cotranscriptionally to the 5' end of RNA molecules transcribed by polymerase II. |
| GO:0003723 | | RNA binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof. |
| GO:0000993 | | RNA polymerase II core binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with RNA polymerase II core enzyme, a multisubunit eukaryotic nuclear RNA polymerase typically composed of twelve subunits. |
| GO:0001047 | | core promoter binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the regulatory region composed of the transcription start site and binding sites for the basal transcription machinery. Binding may occur as a sequence specific interaction or as an interaction observed only once a factor has been recruited to the DNA by other factors. |
| GO:0003725 | | double-stranded RNA binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded RNA. |
| GO:0004519 | | endonuclease activity | | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by creating internal breaks. |
| GO:0004521 | | endoribonuclease activity | | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within ribonucleic acid by creating internal breaks. |
| GO:0090624 | | endoribonuclease activity, cleaving miRNA-paired mRNA | | Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of the mRNA in a double-stranded RNA molecule formed by the base pairing of an mRNA with an miRNA. |
| GO:0070551 | | endoribonuclease activity, cleaving siRNA-paired mRNA | | Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of the mRNA in a double-stranded RNA molecule formed by the base pairing of an mRNA with an siRNA, yielding 5'-phosphomonoesters. |
| GO:0016891 | | endoribonuclease activity, producing 5'-phosphomonoesters | | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within ribonucleic acids by creating internal breaks to yield 5'-phosphomonoesters. |
| GO:0016787 | | hydrolase activity | | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3. |
| GO:0003729 | | mRNA binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with messenger RNA (mRNA), an intermediate molecule between DNA and protein. mRNA includes UTR and coding sequences, but does not contain introns. |
| GO:0046872 | | metal ion binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion. |
| GO:0035198 | | miRNA binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a microRNA, a 21-23 nucleotide RNA that is processed from a stem-loop RNA precursor (pre-miRNA) that is encoded within plant and animal genomes. |
| GO:0004518 | | nuclease activity | | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids. |
| GO:0003676 | | nucleic acid binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid. |
| GO:0008022 | | protein C-terminus binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein C-terminus, the end of any peptide chain at which the 1-carboxy function of a constituent amino acid is not attached in peptide linkage to another amino-acid residue. |
| GO:0005515 | | protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| GO:0035197 | | siRNA binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a small interfering RNA, a 21-23 nucleotide RNA that is processed from double stranded RNA (dsRNA) by an RNAse enzyme. |
| GO:0003727 | | single-stranded RNA binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with single-stranded RNA. |
| GO:0003743 | | translation initiation factor activity | | Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide. |
biological process |
| GO:0090502 | | RNA phosphodiester bond hydrolysis, endonucleolytic | | The chemical reactions and pathways involving the hydrolysis of internal 3',5'-phosphodiester bonds in one or two strands of ribonucleotides. |
| GO:0010501 | | RNA secondary structure unwinding | | The process in which a secondary structure of RNA are broken or 'melted'. |
| GO:0007223 | | Wnt signaling pathway, calcium modulating pathway | | The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors leads to an increase in intracellular calcium and activation of protein kinase C (PKC). |
| GO:0031047 | | gene silencing by RNA | | Any process in which RNA molecules inactivate expression of target genes. |
| GO:0035279 | | mRNA cleavage involved in gene silencing by miRNA | | The process in which microRNAs (miRNAs) direct the cleavage of target mRNAs. Once incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), a miRNA base pairing with near-perfect complementarity to the target mRNA will typically direct targeted endonucleolytic cleavage of the mRNA. Many plant miRNAs downregulate gene expression through this mechanism. |
| GO:0090625 | | mRNA cleavage involved in gene silencing by siRNA | | The process in which small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) direct the cleavage of target mRNAs. Once incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), a siRNA will typically direct cleavage by base pairing with perfect or near-perfect complementarity to the target mRNA. |
| GO:0035280 | | miRNA loading onto RISC involved in gene silencing by miRNA | | The transfer of a microRNA (miRNA) strand from a miRNA:miRNA duplex onto the RNA-initiated silencing complex (RISC). |
| GO:0035278 | | miRNA mediated inhibition of translation | | The process in which microRNAs (miRNAs) block the translation of target mRNAs into proteins. Once incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), a miRNA will typically mediate repression of translation if the miRNA imperfectly base-pairs with the 3' untranslated regions of target mRNAs |
| GO:0010586 | | miRNA metabolic process | | The chemical reactions and pathways involving miRNA, microRNA, a class of single-stranded RNA molecules of about 21-23 nucleotides in length, which regulates gene expression. |
| GO:0045947 | | negative regulation of translational initiation | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of translational initiation. |
| GO:0048015 | | phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling | | A series of molecular signals in which a cell uses a phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling to convert a signal into a response. Phosphatidylinositols include phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives. |
| GO:0010628 | | positive regulation of gene expression | | Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. |
| GO:1900153 | | positive regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay. |
| GO:0060213 | | positive regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA poly(A) tail shortening | | Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of poly(A) tail shortening of a nuclear-transcribed mRNA. Poly(A) tail shortening is the decrease in length of the poly(A) tail of an mRNA from full length to an oligo(A) length. |
| GO:0045944 | | positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
| GO:0009791 | | post-embryonic development | | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the organism over time, from the completion of embryonic development to the mature structure. See embryonic development. |
| GO:0035194 | | posttranscriptional gene silencing by RNA | | Any process of posttranscriptional gene inactivation (silencing) mediated by small RNA molecules that may trigger mRNA degradation or negatively regulate translation. |
| GO:0031054 | | pre-miRNA processing | | Any process involved in the conversion of a pre-microRNA transcript into a mature microRNA molecule. |
| GO:0035196 | | production of miRNAs involved in gene silencing by miRNA | | Cleavage of stem-loop RNA precursors into microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small RNAs that primarily silence genes by blocking the translation of mRNA transcripts into protein. |
| GO:0006355 | | regulation of transcription, DNA-templated | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. |
| GO:0006417 | | regulation of translation | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. |
| GO:0035087 | | siRNA loading onto RISC involved in RNA interference | | The transfer of small interfering RNA molecules (siRNAs) from the Dicer family of enzymes that cleave the double-stranded RNA, onto the nuclease-containing RNA-initiated silencing complex (RISC), in the context of RNA interference. |
| GO:0006351 | | transcription, DNA-templated | | The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA. |
| GO:0006412 | | translation | | The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA or circRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA or circRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome. |
| GO:0006413 | | translational initiation | | The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA or circRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA. |
cellular component |
| GO:0000932 | | P-body | | A focus in the cytoplasm where mRNAs may become inactivated by decapping or some other mechanism. Protein and RNA localized to these foci are involved in mRNA degradation, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), translational repression, and RNA-mediated gene silencing. |
| GO:0016442 | | RISC complex | | A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains members of the Argonaute family of proteins, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or microRNAs (miRNAs), and miRNA or siRNA-complementary mRNAs, in addition to a number of accessory factors. The RISC complex is involved in posttranscriptional repression of gene expression through downregulation of translation or induction of mRNA degradation. |
| GO:0070578 | | RISC-loading complex | | A trimeric protein complex required for the formation of a mature RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). In humans the complex is composed of the endonuclease Dicer (DICER1), TRBP (TARBP2) and the Argonaute protein Ago2 (EIF2C2/AGO2). Within the complex, Dicer and TRBP are required to process precursor miRNAs (pre-miRNAs) to mature miRNAs and then load them onto Ago2. Ago2 bound to the mature miRNA constitutes the minimal RISC and may subsequently dissociate from Dicer and TRBP. This complex has endoribonuclease activity. |
| GO:0005737 | | cytoplasm | | All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| GO:0005829 | | cytosol | | The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. |
| GO:0030425 | | dendrite | | A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, often branched, morphology, receives and integrates signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conducts a nerve impulse towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body. |
| GO:0030529 | | intracellular ribonucleoprotein complex | | An intracellular macromolecular complex containing both protein and RNA molecules. |
| GO:0005845 | | mRNA cap binding complex | | Any protein complex that binds to an mRNA cap at any time in the lifetime of the mRNA. |
| GO:0016020 | | membrane | | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it. |
| GO:0035068 | | micro-ribonucleoprotein complex | | A complex containing both protein and micro-RNA (miRNA) molecules. miRNAs are approximately 22 nucleotide noncoding RNAs derived from endogenous genes; they are processed from the stem of a longer hairpin like structure termed a pre-miRNA. |
| GO:0005654 | | nucleoplasm | | That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus. |
| GO:0005634 | | nucleus | | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. |
| GO:0005844 | | polysome | | A multiribosomal structure representing a linear array of ribosomes held together by messenger RNA. They represent the active complexes in cellular protein synthesis and are able to incorporate amino acids into polypeptides both in vivo and in vitro. |