| molecular function |
|---|
| | GO:0048365 | | Rac GTPase binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Rac protein, any member of the Rac subfamily of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases. |
| | GO:0030676 | | Rac guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity | | Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rac family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase. |
| | GO:0017016 | | Ras GTPase binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any member of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases. |
| | GO:0005089 | | Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity | | Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase. |
| | GO:0005085 | | guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity | | Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase. |
| | GO:0019900 | | kinase binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group. |
| | GO:0008289 | | lipid binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a lipid. |
| | GO:0008017 | | microtubule binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with microtubules, filaments composed of tubulin monomers. |
| | GO:0005515 | | protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| | GO:0030971 | | receptor tyrosine kinase binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a receptor that possesses protein tyrosine kinase activity. |
| | GO:0005057 | | signal transducer activity, downstream of receptor | | Conveys a signal from an upstream receptor or intracellular signal transducer, converting the signal into a form where it can ultimately trigger a change in the state or activity of a cell. |
| biological process |
|---|
| | GO:0016601 | | Rac protein signal transduction | | A series of molecular signals within the cell that are mediated by a member of the Rac family of proteins switching to a GTP-bound active state. |
| | GO:0060071 | | Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway | | The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors signal via downstream effectors including C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) to modulate cytoskeletal elements and control cell polarity. |
| | GO:0090630 | | activation of GTPase activity | | Any process that initiates the activity of an inactive GTPase through the replacement of GDP by GTP. |
| | GO:0006915 | | apoptotic process | | A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died. |
| | GO:0003300 | | cardiac muscle hypertrophy | | The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart muscle due to an increase in size of cardiac muscle cells without cell division. |
| | GO:0016477 | | cell migration | | The controlled self-propelled movement of a cell from one site to a destination guided by molecular cues. Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms. |
| | GO:0007160 | | cell-matrix adhesion | | The binding of a cell to the extracellular matrix via adhesion molecules. |
| | GO:0048013 | | ephrin receptor signaling pathway | | The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an ephrin receptor binding to an ephrin. |
| | GO:0035556 | | intracellular signal transduction | | The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell. |
| | GO:1990138 | | neuron projection extension | | Long distance growth of a single neuron projection involved in cellular development. A neuron projection is a prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite. |
| | GO:0043507 | | positive regulation of JUN kinase activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of JUN kinase activity. |
| | GO:1904268 | | positive regulation of Schwann cell chemotaxis | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell chemotaxis. |
| | GO:0043065 | | positive regulation of apoptotic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. |
| | GO:0050772 | | positive regulation of axonogenesis | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of axonogenesis. |
| | GO:0030335 | | positive regulation of cell migration | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration. |
| | GO:0061003 | | positive regulation of dendritic spine morphogenesis | | Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of dendritic spine morphogenesis, the process in which the anatomical structures of a dendritic spine are generated and organized. A dendritic spine is a protrusion from a dendrite and a specialized subcellular compartment involved in synaptic transmission. |
| | GO:0010976 | | positive regulation of neuron projection development | | Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection development. Neuron projection development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites). |
| | GO:0032092 | | positive regulation of protein binding | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein binding. |
| | GO:0072657 | | protein localization to membrane | | A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location in a membrane. |
| | GO:0070372 | | regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade. |
| | GO:0035023 | | regulation of Rho protein signal transduction | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction. |
| | GO:1904338 | | regulation of dopaminergic neuron differentiation | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dopaminergic neuron differentiation. |
| | GO:0061178 | | regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin that contributes to the response of a cell to glucose. |
| | GO:2000050 | | regulation of non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway. |
| | GO:0051056 | | regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction. |
| | GO:0042220 | | response to cocaine | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cocaine stimulus. Cocaine is a crystalline alkaloid obtained from the leaves of the coca plant. |
| | GO:0007165 | | signal transduction | | The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. |
| cellular component |
|---|
| | GO:0044295 | | axonal growth cone | | The migrating motile tip of a growing nerve cell axon. |
| | GO:0030054 | | cell junction | | A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. At a cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix. |
| | GO:0044291 | | cell-cell contact zone | | Extended zone of intimate apposition between two cells containing one or more types of intercellular junctions, e.g., the intercalated disk of muscle. |
| | GO:0005911 | | cell-cell junction | | A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells in a multicellular organism; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals. |
| | GO:0005737 | | cytoplasm | | All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| | GO:0005829 | | cytosol | | The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. |
| | GO:0043197 | | dendritic spine | | A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment - typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable including "thin", "stubby", "mushroom", and "branched", with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity. |
| | GO:0031234 | | extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane | | The component of a plasma membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to its cytoplasmic surface, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. |
| | GO:0044304 | | main axon | | The main axonal trunk, as opposed to the collaterals; i.e., excluding collaterals, terminal, spines, or dendrites. |
| | GO:0016020 | | membrane | | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it. |
| | GO:0005874 | | microtubule | | Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle. |
| | GO:0043025 | | neuronal cell body | | The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites. |
| | GO:0005634 | | nucleus | | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. |
| | GO:0005886 | | plasma membrane | | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. |
| | GO:0032587 | | ruffle membrane | | The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a ruffle. |
| | GO:0036477 | | somatodendritic compartment | | The region of a neuron that includes the cell body (cell soma) and the dendrite, but excludes the axon. |
| | GO:0045202 | | synapse | | The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron, muscle fiber or glial cell. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane. |
Description
