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(-) Description

Title :  CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE EXTRACELLULAR DOMAIN OF HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE RELEASING HORMONE RECEPTOR.
 
Authors :  A. C. W. Pike, A. Quigley, A. J. Barr, N. Burgess Brown, L. Shrestha, J. Y A. Chaikuad, M. Vollmar, J. R. C. Muniz, F. Von Delft, A. Edwards, C. H. Arrowsmith, J. Weigelt, C. Bountra, E. P. Carpenter
Date :  30 Apr 10  (Deposition) - 16 Jun 10  (Release) - 16 Jun 10  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  1.95
Chains :  Asym. Unit :  A,B
Biol. Unit 1:  A,B  (1x)
Biol. Unit 2:  A  (1x)
Biol. Unit 3:  B  (1x)
Keywords :  Signaling Protein, Receptor, Membrane Protein (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  A. C. W. Pike, A. Quigley, A. J. Barr, N. Burgess Brown, L. Shrestha, J. Yang, A. Chaikuad, M. Vollmar, J. R. C. Muniz, F. Von Delft, A. Edwards, C. H. Arrowsmith, J. Weigelt, C. Bountra, E. P. Carpenter
Crystal Structure Of The Extracellular Domain Of Human Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone Receptor.
To Be Published
PubMed: search

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - GROWTH HORMONE-RELEASING HORMONE RECEPTOR
    ChainsA, B
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemSPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA
    Expression System Cell LineSF9
    Expression System PlasmidPFB-SEC-NH
    Expression System Taxid7108
    Expression System Vector TypeBACULOVIRUS
    FragmentEXTRACELLULAR DOMAIN, RESIDUES 34-123
    MutationYES
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606
    SynonymGHRH RECEPTOR, GROWTH HORMONE-RELEASING FACTOR GRF RECEPTOR, GRFR

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  12
Asymmetric Unit AB
Biological Unit 1 (1x)AB
Biological Unit 2 (1x)A 
Biological Unit 3 (1x) B

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (2, 5)

Asymmetric Unit (2, 5)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1EDO2Ligand/Ion1,2-ETHANEDIOL
2MG3Ligand/IonMAGNESIUM ION
Biological Unit 1 (1, 2)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1EDO2Ligand/Ion1,2-ETHANEDIOL
2MG-1Ligand/IonMAGNESIUM ION
Biological Unit 2 (1, 1)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1EDO1Ligand/Ion1,2-ETHANEDIOL
2MG-1Ligand/IonMAGNESIUM ION
Biological Unit 3 (1, 1)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1EDO1Ligand/Ion1,2-ETHANEDIOL
2MG-1Ligand/IonMAGNESIUM ION

(-) Sites  (5, 5)

Asymmetric Unit (5, 5)
No.NameEvidenceResiduesDescription
1AC1SOFTWAREHIS A:84 , HOH A:2028 , HIS B:84 , HOH B:2024BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE MG B1122
2AC2SOFTWAREMET A:0 , ASP A:80 , HOH A:2001 , HIS B:84BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE MG A1122
3AC3SOFTWAREHIS A:84 , MET B:0 , ASP B:80 , HOH B:2022BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE MG B1123
4AC4SOFTWAREGLN B:50 , GLU B:72 , TRP B:73BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE EDO B1124
5AC5SOFTWAREGLU A:72 , TRP A:73 , HOH A:2022BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE EDO A1123

(-) SS Bonds  (6, 6)

Asymmetric Unit
No.Residues
1A:41 -A:64
2A:55 -A:96
3A:78 -A:112
4B:41 -B:64
5B:55 -B:96
6B:78 -B:112

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (2, 2)

Asymmetric Unit
No.Residues
1Phe A:105 -Pro A:106
2Phe B:105 -Pro B:106

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (3, 6)

Asymmetric Unit (3, 6)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_036223A45TGHRHR_HUMANUnclassified  ---A/BA45T
2UniProtVAR_033962A57TGHRHR_HUMANPolymorphism4988496A/BA57T
3UniProtVAR_033963E121DGHRHR_HUMANPolymorphism4988498A/BE121D

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Biological Unit 1 (3, 6)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_036223A45TGHRHR_HUMANUnclassified  ---A/BA45T
2UniProtVAR_033962A57TGHRHR_HUMANPolymorphism4988496A/BA57T
3UniProtVAR_033963E121DGHRHR_HUMANPolymorphism4988498A/BE121D

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Biological Unit 2 (3, 3)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_036223A45TGHRHR_HUMANUnclassified  ---AA45T
2UniProtVAR_033962A57TGHRHR_HUMANPolymorphism4988496AA57T
3UniProtVAR_033963E121DGHRHR_HUMANPolymorphism4988498AE121D

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Biological Unit 3 (3, 3)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_036223A45TGHRHR_HUMANUnclassified  ---BA45T
2UniProtVAR_033962A57TGHRHR_HUMANPolymorphism4988496BA57T
3UniProtVAR_033963E121DGHRHR_HUMANPolymorphism4988498BE121D

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (2, 4)

Asymmetric Unit (2, 4)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F2_3PS50227 G-protein coupled receptors family 2 profile 1.GHRHR_HUMAN40-116
 
  2A:40-116
B:40-116
2G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F2_1PS00649 G-protein coupled receptors family 2 signature 1.GHRHR_HUMAN55-79
 
  2A:55-79
B:55-79
Biological Unit 1 (2, 4)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F2_3PS50227 G-protein coupled receptors family 2 profile 1.GHRHR_HUMAN40-116
 
  2A:40-116
B:40-116
2G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F2_1PS00649 G-protein coupled receptors family 2 signature 1.GHRHR_HUMAN55-79
 
  2A:55-79
B:55-79
Biological Unit 2 (2, 2)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F2_3PS50227 G-protein coupled receptors family 2 profile 1.GHRHR_HUMAN40-116
 
  1A:40-116
-
2G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F2_1PS00649 G-protein coupled receptors family 2 signature 1.GHRHR_HUMAN55-79
 
  1A:55-79
-
Biological Unit 3 (2, 2)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F2_3PS50227 G-protein coupled receptors family 2 profile 1.GHRHR_HUMAN40-116
 
  1-
B:40-116
2G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F2_1PS00649 G-protein coupled receptors family 2 signature 1.GHRHR_HUMAN55-79
 
  1-
B:55-79

(-) Exons   (0, 0)

(no "Exon" information available for 2XDG)

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:89
 aligned with GHRHR_HUMAN | Q02643 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:423

    Alignment length:89
                                    42        52        62        72        82        92       102       112         
          GHRHR_HUMAN    33 QLREDESACLQAAEEMPNTTLGCPATWDGLLCWPTAGSGEWVTLPCPDFFSHFSSESGAVKRDCTITGWSEPFPPYPVACPVPLELLAE 121
               SCOP domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author hhhhhhhhhhhhhh...........ee....ee......eeeee..hhhhhhh......eeeeee..ee.....hhhhhh..hhhhhh. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------T-----------T---------------------------------------------------------------D SAPs(SNPs)
                PROSITE (1) -------G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F2_3  PDB: A:40-116 UniProt: 40-116                          ----- PROSITE (1)
                PROSITE (2) ----------------------G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F2_1     ------------------------------------------ PROSITE (2)
                 Transcript ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 2xdg A   0 MLREDESACLQAAEEMPQTTLGCPATWDGLLCWPTAGSGEWVTLPCPDFFSHFSSESGAVKRDCTITGWSEPFPPYPVACPVPLELLAE 121
                            ||      42        52        62        72        82        92       102       112         
                            ||                                                                                       
                            0|                                                                                       
                            34                                                                                       

Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:89
 aligned with GHRHR_HUMAN | Q02643 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:423

    Alignment length:89
                                    42        52        62        72        82        92       102       112         
          GHRHR_HUMAN    33 QLREDESACLQAAEEMPNTTLGCPATWDGLLCWPTAGSGEWVTLPCPDFFSHFSSESGAVKRDCTITGWSEPFPPYPVACPVPLELLAE 121
               SCOP domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCOP domains
               CATH domains ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
           Pfam domains (1) -------------------HRM-2xdgB01 B:52-115                                            ------ Pfam domains (1)
           Pfam domains (2) -------------------HRM-2xdgB02 B:52-115                                            ------ Pfam domains (2)
         Sec.struct. author hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..........ee....ee......eeeee..hhhhhhh......eeeeee..ee.....hhhhhh..hhhhh.. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------T-----------T---------------------------------------------------------------D SAPs(SNPs)
                PROSITE (1) -------G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F2_3  PDB: B:40-116 UniProt: 40-116                          ----- PROSITE (1)
                PROSITE (2) ----------------------G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F2_1     ------------------------------------------ PROSITE (2)
                 Transcript ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 2xdg B   0 MLREDESACLQAAEEMPQTTLGCPATWDGLLCWPTAGSGEWVTLPCPDFFSHFSSESGAVKRDCTITGWSEPFPPYPVACPVPLELLAE 121
                            ||      42        52        62        72        82        92       102       112         
                            0|                                                                                       
                            34                                                                                       

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (0, 0)

(no "SCOP Domain" information available for 2XDG)

(-) CATH Domains  (0, 0)

(no "CATH Domain" information available for 2XDG)

(-) Pfam Domains  (1, 2)

Asymmetric Unit
(-)
Family: HRM (9)
1aHRM-2xdgB01B:52-115
1bHRM-2xdgB02B:52-115

(-) Gene Ontology  (50, 50)

Asymmetric Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A,B   (GHRHR_HUMAN | Q02643)
molecular function
    GO:0004930    G-protein coupled receptor activity    Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.
    GO:0019838    growth factor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any growth factor, proteins or polypeptides that stimulate a cell or organism to grow or proliferate.
    GO:0016520    growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor activity    Combining with growth hormone-releasing hormone to initiate a change in cell activity.
    GO:0017046    peptide hormone binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any peptide with hormonal activity in animals.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0004871    signal transducer activity    Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response.
    GO:0004888    transmembrane signaling receptor activity    Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity or state as part of signal transduction.
biological process
    GO:0007186    G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The pathway can start from the plasma membrane, Golgi or nuclear membrane (PMID:24568158 and PMID:16902576).
    GO:0007190    activation of adenylate cyclase activity    Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme adenylate cyclase.
    GO:0021984    adenohypophysis development    The progression of the adenohypophysis over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The adenohypophysis is the anterior part of the pituitary. It secretes a variety of hormones and its function is regulated by the hypothalamus.
    GO:0007189    adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds through activation of adenylyl cyclase activity and a subsequent increase in the concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP).
    GO:0007188    adenylate cyclase-modulating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds through activation or inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity and a subsequent change in the concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP).
    GO:0019933    cAMP-mediated signaling    Any intracellular signal transduction in which the signal is passed on within the cell via cyclic AMP (cAMP). Includes production of cAMP, and downstream effectors that further transmit the signal within the cell.
    GO:0048469    cell maturation    A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a cell to attain its fully functional state.
    GO:0007166    cell surface receptor signaling pathway    A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
    GO:0071333    cellular response to glucose stimulus    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus.
    GO:0032869    cellular response to insulin stimulus    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms.
    GO:0008340    determination of adult lifespan    The control of viability and duration in the adult phase of the life-cycle.
    GO:0030252    growth hormone secretion    The regulated release of growth hormone from secretory granules into the blood.
    GO:0042445    hormone metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving any hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone.
    GO:0007595    lactation    The regulated release of milk from the mammary glands and the period of time that a mother lactates to feed her young.
    GO:0030879    mammary gland development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mammary gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk. Its development starts with the formation of the mammary line and ends as the mature gland cycles between nursing and weaning stages.
    GO:0048609    multicellular organismal reproductive process    The process, occurring above the cellular level, that is pertinent to the reproductive function of a multicellular organism. This includes the integrated processes at the level of tissues and organs.
    GO:0030819    positive regulation of cAMP biosynthetic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the nucleotide cAMP (cyclic AMP, adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate).
    GO:0030816    positive regulation of cAMP metabolic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving the nucleotide cAMP (cyclic AMP, adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate).
    GO:0008284    positive regulation of cell proliferation    Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
    GO:0046010    positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep    Any process that activates or increases the duration or quality of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep.
    GO:0060124    positive regulation of growth hormone secretion    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of growth hormone from a cell.
    GO:0046887    positive regulation of hormone secretion    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell.
    GO:0043568    positive regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling.
    GO:0040018    positive regulation of multicellular organism growth    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of growth of an organism to reach its usual body size.
    GO:0043567    regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling.
    GO:0033143    regulation of intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of any intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway.
    GO:0051246    regulation of protein metabolic process    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein.
    GO:0043627    response to estrogen    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by an estrogen, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics.
    GO:0051384    response to glucocorticoid    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucocorticoid stimulus. Glucocorticoids are hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol with the ability to bind with the cortisol receptor and trigger similar effects. Glucocorticoids act primarily on carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and have anti-inflammatory effects.
    GO:0032868    response to insulin    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms.
    GO:0007165    signal transduction    The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.
    GO:0060133    somatotropin secreting cell development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a somatotropin secreting cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A somatotropin secreting cell is an acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces growth hormone, somatotropin.
    GO:0030104    water homeostasis    Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of water within an organism or cell.
cellular component
    GO:0009986    cell surface    The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0016021    integral component of membrane    The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
    GO:0016020    membrane    A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
    GO:0005637    nuclear inner membrane    The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the nuclear envelope.
    GO:0016363    nuclear matrix    The dense fibrillar network lying on the inner side of the nuclear membrane.
    GO:0005640    nuclear outer membrane    The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the nuclear envelope; continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum of the cell and sometimes studded with ribosomes.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
    GO:0042383    sarcolemma    The outer membrane of a muscle cell, consisting of the plasma membrane, a covering basement membrane (about 100 nm thick and sometimes common to more than one fiber), and the associated loose network of collagen fibers.
    GO:0030141    secretory granule    A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. Secretory granules move towards the periphery of the cell and upon stimulation, their membranes fuse with the cell membrane, and their protein load is exteriorized. Processing of the contained protein may take place in secretory granules.

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  GHRHR_HUMAN | Q02643
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 Related Entries

(-) Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

(no "Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain" available for 2XDG)

(-) Related Entries Specified in the PDB File

(no "Related Entries Specified in the PDB File" available for 2XDG)