| molecular function |
| | GO:0004930 | | G-protein coupled receptor activity | | Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. |
| | GO:0005088 | | Ras guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity | | Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Ras superfamily. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase. |
| | GO:0004935 | | adrenergic receptor activity | | Combining with epinephrine or norepinephrine and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. |
| | GO:0004940 | | beta1-adrenergic receptor activity | | Combining with epinephrine or norepinephrine to initiate a change in cell activity via activation of a G protein, with pharmacological characteristics of beta1-adrenergic receptors. |
| | GO:0035240 | | dopamine binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter formed by aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase from 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine. |
| | GO:0008144 | | drug binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a drug, any naturally occurring or synthetic substance, other than a nutrient, that, when administered or applied to an organism, affects the structure or functioning of the organism; in particular, any such substance used in the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease. |
| | GO:0051379 | | epinephrine binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with epinephrine, a hormone produced by the medulla of the adrenal glands that increases heart activity, improves the power and prolongs the action of muscles, and increases the rate and depth of breathing. It is synthesized by the methylation of norepinephrine. |
| | GO:0051380 | | norepinephrine binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with norepinephrine, (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-2-aminoethanol), a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS. It is also the biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine. |
| | GO:0005515 | | protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| | GO:0004871 | | signal transducer activity | | Conveys a signal across a cell to trigger a change in cell function or state. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response. |
| | GO:0005057 | | signal transducer activity, downstream of receptor | | Conveys a signal from an upstream receptor or intracellular signal transducer, converting the signal into a form where it can ultimately trigger a change in the state or activity of a cell. |
| biological process |
| | GO:0007186 | | G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway | | A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The pathway can start from the plasma membrane, Golgi or nuclear membrane (PMID:24568158 and PMID:16902576). |
| | GO:0007266 | | Rho protein signal transduction | | A series of molecular signals within the cell that are mediated by a member of the Rho family of proteins switching to a GTP-bound active state. |
| | GO:0007189 | | adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway | | The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds through activation of adenylyl cyclase activity and a subsequent increase in the concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP). |
| | GO:0071880 | | adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway | | The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an adrenergic receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds with activation of adenylyl cyclase and a subsequent increase in the concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP). |
| | GO:0007568 | | aging | | A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700). |
| | GO:0006915 | | apoptotic process | | A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died. |
| | GO:0005980 | | glycogen catabolic process | | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues. |
| | GO:0060080 | | inhibitory postsynaptic potential | | A process that causes a temporary decrease in postsynaptic membrane potential due to the flow of negatively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an IPSP is an inhibitory postsynaptic current (IPSC) and makes it more difficult for the neuron to fire an action potential. |
| | GO:0055088 | | lipid homeostasis | | Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of lipid within an organism or cell. |
| | GO:0007613 | | memory | | The activities involved in the mental information processing system that receives (registers), modifies, stores, and retrieves informational stimuli. The main stages involved in the formation and retrieval of memory are encoding (processing of received information by acquisition), storage (building a permanent record of received information as a result of consolidation) and retrieval (calling back the stored information and use it in a suitable way to execute a given task). |
| | GO:0045986 | | negative regulation of smooth muscle contraction | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle contraction. |
| | GO:0035811 | | negative regulation of urine volume | | Any process that decreases the amount of urine excreted from the body over a unit of time. |
| | GO:0002025 | | norepinephrine-epinephrine-mediated vasodilation involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure | | A process that results in an increase in the diameter of an artery during the norepinephrine-epinephrine response to blood pressure change. |
| | GO:0043547 | | positive regulation of GTPase activity | | Any process that activates or increases the activity of a GTPase. |
| | GO:0045762 | | positive regulation of adenylate cyclase activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of adenylate cyclase activity. |
| | GO:0043065 | | positive regulation of apoptotic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. |
| | GO:0030819 | | positive regulation of cAMP biosynthetic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the nucleotide cAMP (cyclic AMP, adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate). |
| | GO:0043950 | | positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling | | Any process which activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cAMP-mediated signaling, a series of molecular signals in which a cell uses cyclic AMP to convert an extracellular signal into a response. |
| | GO:2001259 | | positive regulation of cation channel activity | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cation channel activity. |
| | GO:0061051 | | positive regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development | | Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the growth of a cardiac muscle cell, where growth contributes to the progression of the cell over time from its initial formation to its mature state. |
| | GO:0045823 | | positive regulation of heart contraction | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of heart contraction. |
| | GO:0010460 | | positive regulation of heart rate | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency or rate of heart contraction. |
| | GO:0001996 | | positive regulation of heart rate by epinephrine-norepinephrine | | The process in which the presence of epinephrine or norepinephrine in the bloodstream activates, maintains or increases the rate of heart contraction. |
| | GO:1900273 | | positive regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of long-term synaptic potentiation. |
| | GO:1900135 | | positive regulation of renin secretion into blood stream | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of renin secretion into blood stream. |
| | GO:0046878 | | positive regulation of saliva secretion | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of saliva. |
| | GO:0003084 | | positive regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure | | The process that increases the force with which blood travels through the systemic arterial circulatory system. |
| | GO:0003061 | | positive regulation of the force of heart contraction by norepinephrine | | The process in which the secretion of norepinephrine into the bloodstream or released from nerve endings modulates the force of heart musclecontraction. |
| | GO:0033365 | | protein localization to organelle | | A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within an organelle. |
| | GO:0051924 | | regulation of calcium ion transport | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. |
| | GO:0086004 | | regulation of cardiac muscle cell contraction | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell contraction. |
| | GO:0019233 | | sensory perception of pain | | The series of events required for an organism to receive a painful stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Pain is medically defined as the physical sensation of discomfort or distress caused by injury or illness, so can hence be described as a harmful stimulus which signals current (or impending) tissue damage. Pain may come from extremes of temperature, mechanical damage, electricity or from noxious chemical substances. This is a neurological process. |
| | GO:0007165 | | signal transduction | | The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. |
| | GO:0001659 | | temperature homeostasis | | A homeostatic process in which an organism modulates its internal body temperature. |
| | GO:0042060 | | wound healing | | The series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury. |
| cellular component |
| | GO:0005737 | | cytoplasm | | All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| | GO:0005769 | | early endosome | | A membrane-bounded organelle that receives incoming material from primary endocytic vesicles that have been generated by clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytosis; vesicles fuse with the early endosome to deliver cargo for sorting into recycling or degradation pathways. |
| | GO:0005768 | | endosome | | A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered. |
| | GO:0016021 | | integral component of membrane | | The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. |
| | GO:0005887 | | integral component of plasma membrane | | The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. |
| | GO:0043231 | | intracellular membrane-bounded organelle | | Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane. |
| | GO:0016020 | | membrane | | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it. |
| | GO:0005634 | | nucleus | | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. |
| | GO:0005886 | | plasma membrane | | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. |
| | GO:0098794 | | postsynapse | | The part of a synapse that is part of the post-synaptic cell. |