| molecular function |
|---|
| | GO:0003677 | | DNA binding | | Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively and non-covalently with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). |
| | GO:0000987 | | core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is in cis with and relatively close to the core promoter. The transcribed region might be described as a gene, cistron, or operon. |
| | GO:0044729 | | hemi-methylated DNA-binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded hemi-methylated DNA at replication foci (one strand methylated, while the other strand is unmethylated). Methylation of cytosine or adenine in DNA is an important mechanism for establishing stable heritable epigenetic marks. |
| | GO:0042393 | | histone binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a histone, any of a group of water-soluble proteins found in association with the DNA of eukaroytic chromosomes. They are involved in the condensation and coiling of chromosomes during cell division and have also been implicated in nonspecific suppression of gene activity. |
| | GO:0042802 | | identical protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein or proteins. |
| | GO:0016874 | | ligase activity | | Catalysis of the joining of two substances, or two groups within a single molecule, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate. |
| | GO:0046872 | | metal ion binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion. |
| | GO:0008327 | | methyl-CpG binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a methylated cytosine/guanine dinucleotide. |
| | GO:0035064 | | methylated histone binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a histone in which a residue has been modified by methylation. Histones are any of a group of water-soluble proteins found in association with the DNA of eukaroytic chromosomes. |
| | GO:0031493 | | nucleosomal histone binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a histone that is assembled into a nucleosome. |
| | GO:0005515 | | protein binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules). |
| | GO:0061630 | | ubiquitin protein ligase activity | | Catalysis of the transfer of ubiquitin to a substrate protein via the reaction X-ubiquitin + S -> X + S-ubiquitin, where X is either an E2 or E3 enzyme, the X-ubiquitin linkage is a thioester bond, and the S-ubiquitin linkage is an amide bond: an isopeptide bond between the C-terminal glycine of ubiquitin and the epsilon-amino group of lysine residues in the substrate or, in the linear extension of ubiquitin chains, a peptide bond the between the C-terminal glycine and N-terminal methionine of ubiquitin residues. |
| | GO:0004842 | | ubiquitin-protein transferase activity | | Catalysis of the transfer of ubiquitin from one protein to another via the reaction X-Ub + Y --> Y-Ub + X, where both X-Ub and Y-Ub are covalent linkages. |
| | GO:0008270 | | zinc ion binding | | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions. |
| biological process |
|---|
| | GO:0032776 | | DNA methylation on cytosine | | The covalent transfer of a methyl group to C-5 or N-4 of cytosine in a DNA molecule. |
| | GO:0006281 | | DNA repair | | The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway. |
| | GO:0007049 | | cell cycle | | The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division. |
| | GO:0008283 | | cell proliferation | | The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. |
| | GO:0006974 | | cellular response to DNA damage stimulus | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to its DNA from environmental insults or errors during metabolism. |
| | GO:0010390 | | histone monoubiquitination | | The modification of histones by addition of a single ubiquitin group. |
| | GO:0016574 | | histone ubiquitination | | The modification of histones by addition of ubiquitin groups. |
| | GO:0010216 | | maintenance of DNA methylation | | Any process involved in maintaining the methylation state of a nucleotide sequence. |
| | GO:0000122 | | negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter | | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
| | GO:0032270 | | positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process | | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein, occurring at the level of an individual cell. |
| | GO:0051865 | | protein autoubiquitination | | The ubiquitination by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues, or residues on an identical protein. Ubiquitination occurs on the lysine residue by formation of an isopeptide crosslink. |
| | GO:0016567 | | protein ubiquitination | | The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein. |
| | GO:0042787 | | protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process | | The process in which a ubiquitin group, or multiple groups, are covalently attached to the target protein, thereby initiating the degradation of that protein. |
| | GO:0090308 | | regulation of methylation-dependent chromatin silencing | | Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the repression of transcription by methylation of DNA, leading to the formation of heterochromatin. |
| | GO:0006355 | | regulation of transcription, DNA-templated | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. |
| | GO:0043434 | | response to peptide hormone | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide hormone stimulus. A peptide hormone is any of a class of peptides that are secreted into the blood stream and have endocrine functions in living animals. |
| | GO:0006351 | | transcription, DNA-templated | | The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA. |
| cellular component |
|---|
| | GO:0031410 | | cytoplasmic vesicle | | A vesicle found in the cytoplasm of a cell. |
| | GO:0000791 | | euchromatin | | A dispersed and relatively uncompacted form of chromatin. |
| | GO:0000792 | | heterochromatin | | A compact and highly condensed form of chromatin. |
| | GO:0000790 | | nuclear chromatin | | The ordered and organized complex of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that forms the chromosome in the nucleus. |
| | GO:0005720 | | nuclear heterochromatin | | A condensed form of chromatin, occurring in the nucleus during interphase, that stains strongly with basophilic dyes. The DNA of heterochromatin is typically replicated at a later stage in the cell-division cycle than euchromatin. |
| | GO:0016363 | | nuclear matrix | | The dense fibrillar network lying on the inner side of the nuclear membrane. |
| | GO:0005654 | | nucleoplasm | | That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus. |
| | GO:0005634 | | nucleus | | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. |
| | GO:0005886 | | plasma membrane | | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. |
| | GO:0005657 | | replication fork | | The Y-shaped region of a replicating DNA molecule, resulting from the separation of the DNA strands and in which the synthesis of new strands takes place. Also includes associated protein complexes. |
Description
