molecular function |
| GO:0016209 | | antioxidant activity | | Inhibition of the reactions brought about by dioxygen (O2) or peroxides. Usually the antioxidant is effective because it can itself be more easily oxidized than the substance protected. The term is often applied to components that can trap free radicals, thereby breaking the chain reaction that normally leads to extensive biological damage. |
| GO:0016491 | | oxidoreductase activity | | Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced. |
| GO:0004601 | | peroxidase activity | | Catalysis of the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O. |
| GO:0051920 | | peroxiredoxin activity | | Catalysis of the reaction: 2 R'-SH + ROOH = R'-S-S-R' + H2O + ROH. |
| GO:0008379 | | thioredoxin peroxidase activity | | Catalysis of the reaction: thioredoxin + hydrogen peroxide = thioredoxin disulfide + H2O. |
biological process |
| GO:0045454 | | cell redox homeostasis | | Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell. |
| GO:0098869 | | cellular oxidant detoxification | | Any process carried out at the cellular level that reduces or removes the toxicity superoxide radicals or hydrogen peroxide. |
| GO:0034599 | | cellular response to oxidative stress | | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. |
| GO:0055114 | | oxidation-reduction process | | A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons. |
| GO:0006355 | | regulation of transcription, DNA-templated | | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. |
| GO:0006351 | | transcription, DNA-templated | | The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA. |
cellular component |
| GO:0005694 | | chromosome | | A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information. |
| GO:0000781 | | chromosome, telomeric region | | The terminal region of a linear chromosome that includes the telomeric DNA repeats and associated proteins. |
| GO:0005634 | | nucleus | | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. |