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(-) Description

Title :  STRUCTURAL BASIS FOR THE REGULATION OF INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTORS (IGFS) BY IGF BINDING PROTEINS (IGFBPS)
 
Authors :  I. Siwanowicz, G. M. Popowicz, M. Wisniewska, R. Huber, K. P. Kuenkele, K. Lang, R. A. Engh, T. A. Holak
Date :  29 Sep 04  (Deposition) - 01 Mar 05  (Release) - 24 Feb 09  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  1.60
Chains :  Asym./Biol. Unit :  B,I
Keywords :  Protein-Protein Complex, Disulfide Rich, Disulfide Bond Ladder, Protein Binding/Hormone/Growth Factor Complex (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google))
 
Reference :  I. Siwanowicz, G. M. Popowicz, M. Wisniewska, R. Huber, K. P. Kuenkele, K. Lang, R. A. Engh, T. A. Holak
Structural Basis For The Regulation Of Insulin-Like Growth Factors By Igf Binding Proteins
Structure V. 13 155 2005
PubMed-ID: 15642270  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1016/J.STR.2004.11.009
(for further references see the PDB file header)

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR BINDING PROTEIN 4
    ChainsB
    EngineeredYES
    Expression SystemESCHERICHIA COLI BL21(DE3)
    Expression System PlasmidPET 28A
    Expression System StrainBL21(DE3)
    Expression System Taxid469008
    Expression System Vector TypePLASMID
    FragmentNBP-4 (RESIDUES 3-82)
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606
    SynonymIGFBP-4, IBP- 4, IGF-BINDING PROTEIN 4
 
Molecule 2 - INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR IB
    ChainsI
    EngineeredYES
    Organism CommonHUMAN
    Organism ScientificHOMO SAPIENS
    Organism Taxid9606
    SynonymIGF-I, IGF-IB, SOMATOMEDIN C

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  12
Asymmetric/Biological Unit BI

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (0, 0)

(no "Ligand,Modified Residues,Ions" information available for 1WQJ)

(-) Sites  (0, 0)

(no "Site" information available for 1WQJ)

(-) SS Bonds  (9, 9)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
No.Residues
1B:6 -B:32
2B:9 -B:34
3B:17 -B:35
4B:23 -B:38
5B:46 -B:59
6B:53 -B:79
7I:6 -I:48
8I:18 -I:61
9I:47 -I:52

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "Cis Peptide Bond" information available for 1WQJ)

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (2, 2)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (2, 2)
  dbSNPPDB
No.SourceVariant IDVariantUniProt IDStatusIDChainVariant
1UniProtVAR_011906V42GIBP4_HUMANPolymorphism599199BV21G
2UniProtVAR_075825R98WIGF1_HUMANUnclassified587779350IR50W

  SNP/SAP Summary Statistics (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (2, 2)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (2, 2)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1IGFBP_N_1PS00222 Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein (IGFBP) N-terminal domain signature.IBP4_HUMAN52-67  1B:31-46
2INSULINPS00262 Insulin family signature.IGF1_HUMAN95-109  1I:47-61

(-) Exons   (3, 3)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (3, 3)
 ENSEMBLUniProtKBPDB
No.Transcript IDExonExon IDGenome LocationLengthIDLocationLengthCountLocationLength
1.1ENST000002695931ENSE00001415258chr17:38599713-38600336624IBP4_HUMAN1-1171171B:3-8280
1.2ENST000002695932ENSE00000950748chr17:38609237-38609394158IBP4_HUMAN117-169530--
1.3ENST000002695933ENSE00001058066chr17:38610180-38610314135IBP4_HUMAN170-214450--
1.4ENST000002695934ENSE00001231320chr17:38612701-386139831283IBP4_HUMAN215-258440--

2.1dENST000003070461dENSE00001839778chr12:102874341-102874097245IGF1_HUMAN1-21210--
2.3ENST000003070463ENSE00000498265chr12:102869577-102869421157IGF1_HUMAN22-74531I:2-2625
2.4ENST000003070464ENSE00001363278chr12:102813468-102813287182IGF1_HUMAN74-134611I:26-6338
2.5bENST000003070465bENSE00000754139chr12:102811781-102811269513IGF1_HUMAN135-195610--

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it)
Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:80
 aligned with IBP4_HUMAN | P22692 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:258

    Alignment length:80
                                    33        43        53        63        73        83        93       103
           IBP4_HUMAN    24 AIHCPPCSEEKLARCRPPVGCEELVREPGCGCCATCALGLGMPCGVYTPRCGSGLRCYPPRGVEKPLHTLMHGQGVCMEL 103
               SCOP domains d1wqjb1 B:3-82 Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 4                      SCOP domains
               CATH domains -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATH domains
               Pfam domains ---IGFBP-1wqjB01 B:6-59                                  ----------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author .......hhhhhhh.........eee.......eee......ee..........eeee......hhhhhhhh..eeeee. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------------G------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ----------------------------IGFBP_N_1       ------------------------------------ PROSITE
               Transcript 1 Exon 1.1  PDB: B:3-82 UniProt: 1-117 [INCOMPLETE]                                Transcript 1
                 1wqj B   3 AIHCPPCSEEKLARCRPPVGCEELVREPGCGCCATCALGLGMPCGVYTPRCGSGLRCYPPRGVEKPLHTLMHGQGVCMEL  82
                                    12        22        32        42        52        62        72        82

Chain I from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:62
 aligned with IGF1_HUMAN | P05019 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:195

    Alignment length:62
                                    59        69        79        89        99       109  
           IGF1_HUMAN    50 PETLCGAELVDALQFVCGDRGFYFNKPTGYGSSSRRAPQTGIVDECCFRSCDLRRLEMYCAP 111
               SCOP domains d1wqji_ I: Insulin-like growth factor                          SCOP domains
               CATH domains 1wqjI00 I:2-63 Insulin-like, subunit E                         CATH domains
               Pfam domains -Insulin-1wqjI01 I:3-61                                     -- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eee...........eeehhhhhh....hhhhhhh.... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------------------------------------------W------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE ---------------------------------------------INSULIN        -- PROSITE
           Transcript 2 (1) Exon 2.3  PDB: I:2-26    ------------------------------------- Transcript 2 (1)
           Transcript 2 (2) ------------------------Exon 2.4  PDB: I:26-63 UniProt: 74-134 Transcript 2 (2)
                 1wqj I   2 PETLCGAELVDALQFVCGDRGFYFNKPTGYGSSSRRAPQTGIVDECCFRSCDLRRLEMYCAP  63
                                    11        21        31        41        51        61  

   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (2, 2)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

(-) CATH Domains  (1, 1)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit

(-) Pfam Domains  (2, 2)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
(-)
Clan: Insulin (93)

(-) Gene Ontology  (119, 127)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain B   (IBP4_HUMAN | P22692)
molecular function
    GO:0019838    growth factor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any growth factor, proteins or polypeptides that stimulate a cell or organism to grow or proliferate.
    GO:0031994    insulin-like growth factor I binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with insulin-like growth factor I.
    GO:0031995    insulin-like growth factor II binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with insulin-like growth factor II.
    GO:0005520    insulin-like growth factor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an insulin-like growth factor, any member of a group of polypeptides that are structurally homologous to insulin and share many of its biological activities, but are immunologically distinct from it.
    GO:0005102    receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.
biological process
    GO:0006259    DNA metabolic process    Any cellular metabolic process involving deoxyribonucleic acid. This is one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from one, or more commonly, two, strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides.
    GO:0008283    cell proliferation    The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.
    GO:0044267    cellular protein metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification.
    GO:0006954    inflammatory response    The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages.
    GO:0090090    negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway    Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.
    GO:0043410    positive regulation of MAPK cascade    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the MAPK cascade.
    GO:0043568    positive regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling.
    GO:0001558    regulation of cell growth    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth.
    GO:0010906    regulation of glucose metabolic process    Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of glucose metabolism. Glucose metabolic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose.
    GO:0040008    regulation of growth    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the growth of all or part of an organism so that it occurs at its proper speed, either globally or in a specific part of the organism's development.
    GO:0043567    regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling.
    GO:0007165    signal transduction    The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.
    GO:0001501    skeletal system development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skeleton over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skeleton is the bony framework of the body in vertebrates (endoskeleton) or the hard outer envelope of insects (exoskeleton or dermoskeleton).
    GO:0044342    type B pancreatic cell proliferation    The multiplication or reproduction of pancreatic B cells, resulting in the expansion of an pancreatic B cell population. Pancreatic B cell are cells of the pancreas that secrete insulin.
cellular component
    GO:0005576    extracellular region    The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
    GO:0005615    extracellular space    That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.

Chain I   (IGF1_HUMAN | P05019)
molecular function
    GO:0008083    growth factor activity    The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation.
    GO:0005179    hormone activity    The action characteristic of a hormone, any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action. The term was originally applied to agents with a stimulatory physiological action in vertebrate animals (as opposed to a chalone, which has a depressant action). Usage is now extended to regulatory compounds in lower animals and plants, and to synthetic substances having comparable effects; all bind receptors and trigger some biological process.
    GO:0005158    insulin receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the insulin receptor.
    GO:0005159    insulin-like growth factor receptor binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the insulin-like growth factor receptor.
    GO:0005178    integrin binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an integrin.
    GO:0005515    protein binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0005496    steroid binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a steroid, any of a large group of substances that have in common a ring system based on 1,2-cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene.
biological process
    GO:0006260    DNA replication    The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA.
    GO:0070371    ERK1 and ERK2 cascade    An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least ERK1 or ERK2 (MAPKs), a MEK (a MAPKK) and a MAP3K. The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell.
    GO:0007265    Ras protein signal transduction    A series of molecular signals within the cell that are mediated by a member of the Ras superfamily of proteins switching to a GTP-bound active state.
    GO:0000187    activation of MAPK activity    The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase (MAPK).
    GO:0032148    activation of protein kinase B activity    Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme protein kinase B.
    GO:0007568    aging    A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700).
    GO:0035630    bone mineralization involved in bone maturation    The deposition of hydroxyapatite, involved in the progression of the skeleton from its formation to its mature state.
    GO:0001775    cell activation    A change in the morphology or behavior of a cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand.
    GO:0008283    cell proliferation    The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.
    GO:0044267    cellular protein metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification.
    GO:0071257    cellular response to electrical stimulus    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electrical stimulus.
    GO:0071392    cellular response to estradiol stimulus    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by estradiol, a C18 steroid hormone hydroxylated at C3 and C17 that acts as a potent estrogen.
    GO:0032869    cellular response to insulin stimulus    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms.
    GO:0050974    detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception    The series of events in which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal as part of sensory perception.
    GO:0007565    female pregnancy    The set of physiological processes that allow an embryo or foetus to develop within the body of a female animal. It covers the time from fertilization of a female ovum by a male spermatozoon until birth.
    GO:0009441    glycolate metabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycolate, the anion of hydroxyethanoic acid (glycolic acid).
    GO:0048009    insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway    The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the insulin-like growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.
    GO:0007613    memory    The activities involved in the mental information processing system that receives (registers), modifies, stores, and retrieves informational stimuli. The main stages involved in the formation and retrieval of memory are encoding (processing of received information by acquisition), storage (building a permanent record of received information as a result of consolidation) and retrieval (calling back the stored information and use it in a suitable way to execute a given task).
    GO:0006928    movement of cell or subcellular component    The directed, self-propelled movement of a cell or subcellular component without the involvement of an external agent such as a transporter or a pore.
    GO:0014896    muscle hypertrophy    The muscle system process that results in enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of a muscle organ due to an increase in the size of its muscle cells. Physiological hypertrophy is a normal process during development (it stops in cardiac muscle after adolescence) and can also be brought on in response to demand. In athletes cardiac and skeletal muscles undergo hypertrophy stimulated by increasing muscle activity on exercise. Smooth muscle cells in the uterus undergo hypertrophy during pregnancy.
    GO:0007517    muscle organ development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The muscle is an organ consisting of a tissue made up of various elongated cells that are specialized to contract and thus to produce movement and mechanical work.
    GO:0045445    myoblast differentiation    The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myoblast. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into striated muscle fibers.
    GO:0051450    myoblast proliferation    The multiplication or reproduction of myoblasts, resulting in the expansion of a myoblast cell population. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.
    GO:0014904    myotube cell development    The process aimed at the progression of a myotube cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse.
    GO:0043066    negative regulation of apoptotic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
    GO:1904193    negative regulation of cholangiocyte apoptotic process    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cholangiocyte apoptotic process.
    GO:2001237    negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.
    GO:1901215    negative regulation of neuron death    Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron death.
    GO:0060283    negative regulation of oocyte development    Any process that decreases the rate or extent of the process whose specific outcome is the progression of an oocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.
    GO:0090201    negative regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria    Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, the process in which cytochrome c is enabled to move from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol, which is an early step in apoptosis and leads to caspase activation.
    GO:0034392    negative regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process    Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process.
    GO:0014065    phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling    A series of reactions within the signal-receiving cell, mediated by the intracellular phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). Many cell surface receptor linked signaling pathways signal through PI3K to regulate numerous cellular functions.
    GO:0048015    phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling    A series of molecular signals in which a cell uses a phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling to convert a signal into a response. Phosphatidylinositols include phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives.
    GO:0002576    platelet degranulation    The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as histamine and serotonin by a platelet.
    GO:0043388    positive regulation of DNA binding    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA binding. DNA binding is any process in which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
    GO:0045740    positive regulation of DNA replication    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication.
    GO:0043410    positive regulation of MAPK cascade    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the MAPK cascade.
    GO:0046579    positive regulation of Ras protein signal transduction    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Ras protein signal transduction.
    GO:0042104    positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation    Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of activated T cell proliferation.
    GO:0070886    positive regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signaling via the calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade.
    GO:0010613    positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy    Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart due to an increase in size (not length) of individual cardiac muscle fibers, without cell division.
    GO:0030307    positive regulation of cell growth    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth.
    GO:0030335    positive regulation of cell migration    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.
    GO:0008284    positive regulation of cell proliferation    Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
    GO:0050679    positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation    Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation.
    GO:0045600    positive regulation of fat cell differentiation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of adipocyte differentiation.
    GO:0048146    positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of multiplication or reproduction of fibroblast cells.
    GO:0046326    positive regulation of glucose import    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle.
    GO:0045725    positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen.
    GO:0045821    positive regulation of glycolytic process    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glycolysis.
    GO:0010560    positive regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process    Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide.
    GO:0043568    positive regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway    Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling.
    GO:0045840    positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitosis.
    GO:0045669    positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of osteoblast differentiation.
    GO:0050731    positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine.
    GO:0014068    positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase cascade.
    GO:0033160    positive regulation of protein import into nucleus, translocation    Any process that activates or increases the vectorial transfer of a protein from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, across the nuclear membrane.
    GO:0050714    positive regulation of protein secretion    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a protein from a cell.
    GO:0014911    positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migration    Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell migration.
    GO:0048661    positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation    Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation.
    GO:0045944    positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
    GO:2000679    positive regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription regulatory region DNA binding.
    GO:0045893    positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
    GO:1904075    positive regulation of trophectodermal cell proliferation    Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of trophectodermal cell proliferation.
    GO:0043491    protein kinase B signaling    A series of reactions, mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B (also called AKT), which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound.
    GO:0050821    protein stabilization    Any process involved in maintaining the structure and integrity of a protein and preventing it from degradation or aggregation.
    GO:0030166    proteoglycan biosynthetic process    The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteoglycans, any glycoprotein in which the carbohydrate units are glycosaminoglycans.
    GO:0051924    regulation of calcium ion transport    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
    GO:0042127    regulation of cell proliferation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation.
    GO:0010468    regulation of gene expression    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
    GO:0040014    regulation of multicellular organism growth    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of growth of the body of an organism so that it reaches its usual body size.
    GO:0006417    regulation of translation    Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
    GO:0014823    response to activity    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an activity stimulus.
    GO:0031000    response to caffeine    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a caffeine stimulus. Caffeine is an alkaloid found in numerous plant species, where it acts as a natural pesticide that paralyzes and kills certain insects feeding upon them.
    GO:0051384    response to glucocorticoid    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucocorticoid stimulus. Glucocorticoids are hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol with the ability to bind with the cortisol receptor and trigger similar effects. Glucocorticoids act primarily on carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and have anti-inflammatory effects.
    GO:0009408    response to heat    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism.
    GO:0001666    response to hypoxia    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level.
    GO:0032496    response to lipopolysaccharide    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipopolysaccharide stimulus; lipopolysaccharide is a major component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria.
    GO:0009612    response to mechanical stimulus    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus.
    GO:0035094    response to nicotine    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nicotine stimulus.
    GO:0007584    response to nutrient    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nutrient stimulus.
    GO:0031667    response to nutrient levels    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of nutrients.
    GO:0014070    response to organic cyclic compound    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus.
    GO:0010033    response to organic substance    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic substance stimulus.
    GO:0048545    response to steroid hormone    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a steroid hormone stimulus.
    GO:0007165    signal transduction    The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.
    GO:0014834    skeletal muscle satellite cell maintenance involved in skeletal muscle regeneration    Any process by which the number of skeletal muscle satellite cells in a skeletal muscle is maintained during muscle regeneration. There are at least three mechanisms by which this is achieved. Skeletal muscle satellite stem cell asymmetric division ensures satellite stem cell numbers are kept constant. Symmetric division of these cells amplifies the number of skeletal muscle satellite stem cells. Some adult skeletal muscle myoblasts (descendants of activated satellite cells) can develop back into quiescent satellite cells, replenishing the overall pool of satellite cells.
    GO:0001501    skeletal system development    The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skeleton over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skeleton is the bony framework of the body in vertebrates (endoskeleton) or the hard outer envelope of insects (exoskeleton or dermoskeleton).
cellular component
    GO:0035867    alphav-beta3 integrin-IGF-1-IGF1R complex    A protein complex that consists of an alphav-beta3 integrin complex bound to insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and type I insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R). IGF1R is a heterotetramer that consists of two alpha-subunits and two beta-subunits.
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0070382    exocytic vesicle    A transport vesicle that mediates transport from an intracellular compartment to the plasma membrane, and fuses with the plasma membrane to release various cargo molecules, such as proteins or hormones, by exocytosis.
    GO:0005576    extracellular region    The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
    GO:0005615    extracellular space    That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid.
    GO:0016942    insulin-like growth factor binding protein complex    A complex of proteins which includes the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and a number of IGF-binding proteins. The complex plays a role in growth and development.
    GO:0042567    insulin-like growth factor ternary complex    A complex of three proteins, which in animals is approximately 150kDa and consists of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF), the insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), or -5 (IGFBP-5) and an acid-labile subunit (ALS). The complex plays a role in growth and development.
    GO:0005614    interstitial matrix    A type of extracellular matrix found in interstitial connective tissue, characterized by the presence of fibronectins, proteoglycans, and types I, III, V, VI, VII and XII collagens.
    GO:0043025    neuronal cell body    The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites.
    GO:0005886    plasma membrane    The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
    GO:0031093    platelet alpha granule lumen    The volume enclosed by the membrane of the platelet alpha granule.

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 Related Entries

(-) Entries Sharing at Least One Protein Chain (UniProt ID)

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        IBP4_HUMAN | P226922dsp 2dsq 2dsr
        IGF1_HUMAN | P050191b9g 1bqt 1gf1 1gzr 1gzy 1gzz 1h02 1h59 1imx 1pmx 1tgr 2dsp 2dsq 2dsr 2gf1 3gf1 3lri 4xss

(-) Related Entries Specified in the PDB File

1h59 COMPLEX STRUCTURE OF MININBP-5 (RESIDUES 40-92) AND IGF-I USED FOR MOLECULAR REPLACEMENT