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(-) Description

Title :  BHMT FROM RAT LIVER
 
Authors :  B. Gonzalez, M. A. Pajares, J. Sanz-Aparicio
Date :  02 Sep 03  (Deposition) - 06 May 04  (Release) - 24 Feb 09  (Revision)
Method :  X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution :  2.50
Chains :  Asym./Biol. Unit :  A,B,C,D
Keywords :  Transferase, Methionine Synthesis, Homocysteine Metabolism, Betaine, Methyltransferase, Zinc (Keyword Search: [Gene Ontology, PubMed, Web (Google)] )
 
Reference :  B. Gonzalez, M. A. Pajares, M. Martinez-Ripoll, T. Blundell, J. Sanz-Aparicio
Crystal Structure Of Rat Liver Betaine Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase Reveals New Oligomerization Features And Conformational Changes Upon Substrate Binding
J. Mol. Biol. V. 338 771 2004
PubMed-ID: 15099744  |  Reference-DOI: 10.1016/J.JMB.2004.03.005
(for further references see the PDB file header)

(-) Compounds

Molecule 1 - BETAINE--HOMOCYSTEINE S-METHYLTRANSFERASE
    Chains: A, B, C, D
    EC Number: 2.1.1.5
    Engineered: YES
    Expression System: ESCHERICHIA COLI
    Expression System Plasmid: PET11A
    Expression System Strain: BL21(DE3)
    Expression System Taxid: 469008
    Organ: LIVER
    Organism Common: RAT
    Organism Scientific: RATTUS NORVEGICUS
    Organism Taxid: 10116
    Other Details: ZN BOUND FORM
    Synthetic: YES

 Structural Features

(-) Chains, Units

  1234
Asymmetric/Biological Unit : ABCD

Summary Information (see also Sequences/Alignments below)

(-) Ligands, Modified Residues, Ions  (2, 6)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (2, 6)
No.NameCountTypeFull Name
1BME2Ligand/IonBETA-MERCAPTOETHANOL
2ZN4Ligand/IonZINC ION

(-) Sites  (4, 4)

Asymmetric Unit (4, 4)
No.NameEvidenceResiduesDescription
1AC1SOFTWARETYR A:160 , CYS A:217 , CYS A:299 , CYS A:300BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN A1399
2AC2SOFTWARETYR B:160 , CYS B:217 , CYS B:299 , CYS B:300BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN B1399
3AC3SOFTWARETYR C:160 , CYS C:217 , CYS C:299 , CYS C:300 , HOH C:2107BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN C1406
4AC4SOFTWARETYR D:160 , CYS D:217 , CYS D:299 , CYS D:300BINDING SITE FOR RESIDUE ZN D1405

(-) SS Bonds  (0, 0)

(no "SS Bond" information available for 1UMY)

(-) Cis Peptide Bonds  (4, 4)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
No.Residues
1Phe A:267 -Pro A:268
2Phe B:267 -Pro B:268
3Phe C:267 -Pro C:268
4Phe D:267 -Pro D:268

 Sequence-Structure Mapping

(-) SAPs(SNPs)/Variants  (0, 0)

(no "SAP(SNP)/Variant" information available for 1UMY)

(-) PROSITE Motifs  (1, 4)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit (1, 4)
 PROSITEUniProtKBPDB
No.IDACDescriptionIDLocationCountLocation
1HCYPS50970 Homocysteine-binding domain profile.BHMT1_RAT11-314
 
 
 		  4A:11-314
B:11-314
C:11-314
D:11-314

(-) Exons   (0, 0)

(no "Exon" information available for 1UMY)

(-) Sequences/Alignments

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
   Reformat: Number of residues per line =  ('0' or empty: single-line sequence representation)
  Number of residues per labelling interval =   
  UniProt sequence: complete  aligned part    
   Show mapping: SCOP domains CATH domains Pfam domains Secondary structure (by author)
SAPs(SNPs) PROSITE motifs Exons
(details for a mapped element are shown in a popup box when the mouse pointer rests over it) 
Chain A from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:375
 aligned with BHMT1_RAT | O09171 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:407

    Alignment length:390
                                    19        29        39        49        59        69        79        89        99       109       119       129       139       149       159       169       179       189       199       209       219       229       239       249       259       269       279       289       299       309       319       329       339       349       359       369       379       389       399
            BHMT1_RAT    10 KRGILERLNAGEVVIGDGGFVFALEKRGYVKAGPWTPEAAVEHPEAVRQLHREFLRAGSNVMQTFTFYASEDKLENRGNYVAEKISGQKVNEAACDIARQVADEGDALVAGGVSQTPSYLSCKSETEVKKIFHQQLEVFMKKNVDFLIAEYFEHVEEAVWAVEALKTSGKPIAATMCIGPEGDLHGVSPGECAVRLVKAGAAIVGVNCHFDPSTSLQTIKLMKEGLEAARLKAYLMSHALAYHTPDCGKQGFIDLPEFPFGLEPRVATRWDIQKYAREAYNLGVRYIGGCCGFEPYHIRAIAEELAPERGFLPPASEKHGSWGSGLDMHTKPWIRARARKEYWQNLRIASGRPYNPSMSKPDAWGVTKGAAELMQQKEATTEQQLRALFE 399
               SCOP domains d1umya_ A: Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    SCOP domains
               CATH domains 1umyA00 A:10-399  [code=3.20.20.330, no name defined]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CATH domains
               Pfam domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ..hhhhhhhh...ee...hhhhhhhhh..........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..eee.......---------------hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeeee..hhhhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeee....hhhhhhhhhhhhhh....eeeee...........hhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeee...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.....eeeee............hhhhh......hhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..ee......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..hhhhhhh...hhhhh...hhhhhh..hhhhhhhh.....................hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE -HCY  PDB: A:11-314 UniProt: 11-314                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Transcript
                 1umy A  10 KRGILERLNAGEVVIGDGGFVFALEKRGYVKAGPWTPEAAVEHPEAVRQLHREFLRAGSNVMQTFTFYAS---------------SGQKVNEAACDIARQVADEGDALVAGGVSQTPSYLSCKSETEVKKIFHQQLEVFMKKNVDFLIAEYFEHVEEAVWAVEALKTSGKPIAATMCIGPEGDLHGVSPGECAVRLVKAGAAIVGVNCHFDPSTSLQTIKLMKEGLEAARLKAYLMSQPLAYHTPDCGKQGFIDLPEFPFGLEPRVATRWDIQKYAREAYNLGVRYIGGCCGFEPYHIRAIAEELAPERGFLPPASEKHGSWGSGLDMHTKPWIRARARKEYWQNLRIASGRPYNPSMSKPDAWGVTKGAAELMQQKEATTEQQLRALFE 399
                                    19        29        39        49        59        69        79         -     |  99       109       119       129       139       149       159       169       179       189       199       209       219       229       239       249       259       269       279       289       299       309       319       329       339       349       359       369       379       389       399
                                                                                                79              95                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                


Chain B from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:381
 aligned with BHMT1_RAT | O09171 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:407

    Alignment length:390
                                    19        29        39        49        59        69        79        89        99       109       119       129       139       149       159       169       179       189       199       209       219       229       239       249       259       269       279       289       299       309       319       329       339       349       359       369       379       389       399
            BHMT1_RAT    10 KRGILERLNAGEVVIGDGGFVFALEKRGYVKAGPWTPEAAVEHPEAVRQLHREFLRAGSNVMQTFTFYASEDKLENRGNYVAEKISGQKVNEAACDIARQVADEGDALVAGGVSQTPSYLSCKSETEVKKIFHQQLEVFMKKNVDFLIAEYFEHVEEAVWAVEALKTSGKPIAATMCIGPEGDLHGVSPGECAVRLVKAGAAIVGVNCHFDPSTSLQTIKLMKEGLEAARLKAYLMSHALAYHTPDCGKQGFIDLPEFPFGLEPRVATRWDIQKYAREAYNLGVRYIGGCCGFEPYHIRAIAEELAPERGFLPPASEKHGSWGSGLDMHTKPWIRARARKEYWQNLRIASGRPYNPSMSKPDAWGVTKGAAELMQQKEATTEQQLRALFE 399
               SCOP domains d1umyb_ B: Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    SCOP domains
               CATH domains 1umyB00 B:10-399  [code=3.20.20.330, no name defined]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CATH domains
               Pfam domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ..hhhhhhhh...ee...hhhhhhhhh..........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..eee.........---------....hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeeeee.........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeee...hhhhhhhhhhhhhh....eeeee...........hhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeee...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.....eeeee............hhhhh......hhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..ee......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..hhhhhhh...hhhhh...hhhhhh..hhhhhhhh.....................hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh. Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE -HCY  PDB: B:11-314 UniProt: 11-314                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Transcript
                 1umy B  10 KRGILERLNAGEVVIGDGGFVFALEKRGYVKAGPWTPEAAVEHPEAVRQLHREFLRAGSNVMQTFTFYASED---------AEKISGQKVNEAACDIARQVADEGDALVAGGVSQTPSYLSCKSETEVKKIFHQQLEVFMKKNVDFLIAEYFEHVEEAVWAVEALKTSGKPIAATMCIGPEGDLHGVSPGECAVRLVKAGAAIVGVNCHFDPSTSLQTIKLMKEGLEAARLKAYLMSQPLAYHTPDCGKQGFIDLPEFPFGLEPRVATRWDIQKYAREAYNLGVRYIGGCCGFEPYHIRAIAEELAPERGFLPPASEKHGSWGSGLDMHTKPWIRARARKEYWQNLRIASGRPYNPSMSKPDAWGVTKGAAELMQQKEATTEQQLRALFE 399
                                    19        29        39        49        59        69        79 |       - |      99       109       119       129       139       149       159       169       179       189       199       209       219       229       239       249       259       269       279       289       299       309       319       329       339       349       359       369       379       389       399
                                                                                                  81        91                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    


Chain C from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:381
 aligned with BHMT1_RAT | O09171 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:407

    Alignment length:397
                                    19        29        39        49        59        69        79        89        99       109       119       129       139       149       159       169       179       189       199       209       219       229       239       249       259       269       279       289       299       309       319       329       339       349       359       369       379       389       399       
            BHMT1_RAT    10 KRGILERLNAGEVVIGDGGFVFALEKRGYVKAGPWTPEAAVEHPEAVRQLHREFLRAGSNVMQTFTFYASEDKLENRGNYVAEKISGQKVNEAACDIARQVADEGDALVAGGVSQTPSYLSCKSETEVKKIFHQQLEVFMKKNVDFLIAEYFEHVEEAVWAVEALKTSGKPIAATMCIGPEGDLHGVSPGECAVRLVKAGAAIVGVNCHFDPSTSLQTIKLMKEGLEAARLKAYLMSHALAYHTPDCGKQGFIDLPEFPFGLEPRVATRWDIQKYAREAYNLGVRYIGGCCGFEPYHIRAIAEELAPERGFLPPASEKHGSWGSGLDMHTKPWIRARARKEYWQNLRIASGRPYNPSMSKPDAWGVTKGAAELMQQKEATTEQQLRALFEKQKFKSA 406
               SCOP domains d1umyc_ C: Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           SCOP domains
               CATH domains 1umyC00 C:10-406  [code=3.20.20.330, no name defined]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         CATH domains
               Pfam domains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains
         Sec.struct. author ..hhhhhhhh...ee...hhhhhhhhh..........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..eee......----------------hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeeee...........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeee....hhhhhhhhhhhhhh....eeee............hhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeee...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.....eeeee............hhhhh......hhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..ee......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..hhhhhhh...hhhhh...hhhhhh..hhhhhhhh..........................hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE -HCY  PDB: C:11-314 UniProt: 11-314                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transcript
                 1umy C  10 KRGILERLNAGEVVIGDGGFVFALEKRGYVKAGPWTPEAAVEHPEAVRQLHREFLRAGSNVMQTFTFYA----------------SGQKVNEAACDIARQVADEGDALVAGGVSQTPSYLSCKSETEVKKIFHQQLEVFMKKNVDFLIAEYFEHVEEAVWAVEALKTSGKPIAATMCIGPEGDLHGVSPGECAVRLVKAGAAIVGVNCHFDPSTSLQTIKLMKEGLEAARLKAYLMSQPLAYHTPDCGKQGFIDLPEFPFGLEPRVATRWDIQKYAREAYNLGVRYIGGCCGFEPYHIRAIAEELAPERGFLPPASEKHGSWGSGLDMHTKPWIRARARKEYWQNLRIASGRPYNPSMSKPDAWGVTKGAAELMQQKEATTEQQLRALFEKQKFKSA 406
                                    19        29        39        49        59        69        |-         -     |  99       109       119       129       139       149       159       169       179       189       199       209       219       229       239       249       259       269       279       289       299       309       319       329       339       349       359       369       379       389       399       
                                                                                               78               95                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       


Chain D from PDB  Type:PROTEIN  Length:382
 aligned with BHMT1_RAT | O09171 from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot  Length:407

    Alignment length:396
                                    19        29        39        49        59        69        79        89        99       109       119       129       139       149       159       169       179       189       199       209       219       229       239       249       259       269       279       289       299       309       319       329       339       349       359       369       379       389       399      
            BHMT1_RAT    10 KRGILERLNAGEVVIGDGGFVFALEKRGYVKAGPWTPEAAVEHPEAVRQLHREFLRAGSNVMQTFTFYASEDKLENRGNYVAEKISGQKVNEAACDIARQVADEGDALVAGGVSQTPSYLSCKSETEVKKIFHQQLEVFMKKNVDFLIAEYFEHVEEAVWAVEALKTSGKPIAATMCIGPEGDLHGVSPGECAVRLVKAGAAIVGVNCHFDPSTSLQTIKLMKEGLEAARLKAYLMSHALAYHTPDCGKQGFIDLPEFPFGLEPRVATRWDIQKYAREAYNLGVRYIGGCCGFEPYHIRAIAEELAPERGFLPPASEKHGSWGSGLDMHTKPWIRARARKEYWQNLRIASGRPYNPSMSKPDAWGVTKGAAELMQQKEATTEQQLRALFEKQKFKS 405
               SCOP domains d1umyd_ D: Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          SCOP domains
               CATH domains 1umyD00 D:10-405  [code=3.20.20.330, no name defined]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CATH domains
           Pfam domains (1) -------S-methyl_trans-1umyD01 D:17-316                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains (1)
           Pfam domains (2) -------S-methyl_trans-1umyD02 D:17-316                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains (2)
           Pfam domains (3) -------S-methyl_trans-1umyD03 D:17-316                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains (3)
           Pfam domains (4) -------S-methyl_trans-1umyD04 D:17-316                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pfam domains (4)
         Sec.struct. author ..hhhhhhhh...ee...hhhhhhhhh..........hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..eee......--------------...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeeee....hhhhh.hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh...eeee....hhhhhhhhhhhhhh....eeeee...........hhhhhhhhhhhh...eeeee...hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh.....eeeee............hhhhh......hhhh..hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..ee......hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh..hhhhhhh...hhhhh...hhhhhh..hhhhhhhh..........................hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh... Sec.struct. author
                 SAPs(SNPs) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SAPs(SNPs)
                    PROSITE -HCY  PDB: D:11-314 UniProt: 11-314                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE
                 Transcript ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Transcript
                 1umy D  10 KRGILERLNAGEVVIGDGGFVFALEKRGYVKAGPWTPEAAVEHPEAVRQLHREFLRAGSNVMQTFTFYA--------------KISGQKVNEAACDIARQVADEGDALVAGGVSQTPSYLSCKSETEVKKIFHQQLEVFMKKNVDFLIAEYFEHVEEAVWAVEALKTSGKPIAATMCIGPEGDLHGVSPGECAVRLVKAGAAIVGVNCHFDPSTSLQTIKLMKEGLEAARLKAYLMSQPLAYHTPDCGKQGFIDLPEFPFGLEPRVATRWDIQKYAREAYNLGVRYIGGCCGFEPYHIRAIAEELAPERGFLPPASEKHGSWGSGLDMHTKPWIRARARKEYWQNLRIASGRPYNPSMSKPDAWGVTKGAAELMQQKEATTEQQLRALFEKQKFKS 405
                                    19        29        39        49        59        69        |-         -   |    99       109       119       129       139       149       159       169       179       189       199       209       219       229       239       249       259       269       279       289       299       309       319       329       339       349       359       369       379       389       399      
                                                                                               78             93
   Legend:   → Mismatch (orange background)
  - → Gap (green background, '-', border residues have a numbering label)
    → Modified Residue (blue background, lower-case, 'x' indicates undefined single-letter code, labelled with number + name)
  x → Chemical Group (purple background, 'x', labelled with number + name, e.g. ACE or NH2)
  extra numbering lines below/above indicate numbering irregularities and modified residue names etc., number ends below/above '|'

 Classification and Annotation

(-) SCOP Domains  (1, 4)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
(-)
Class: Alpha and beta proteins (a/b) (23833)

(-) CATH Domains  (1, 4)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
(-)
Class: Alpha Beta (26913)

(-) Pfam Domains  (1, 4)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit
(-)
Clan: no clan defined [family: S-methyl_trans] (7)

(-) Gene Ontology  (15, 15)

Asymmetric/Biological Unit(hide GO term definitions)
Chain A,B,C,D   (BHMT1_RAT | O09171)
molecular function
    GO:0008898    S-adenosylmethionine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase activity    Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + L-methionine.
    GO:0047150    betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase activity    Catalysis of the reaction: L-homocysteine + betaine = N,N-dimethylglycine + L-methionine.
    GO:0046872    metal ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
    GO:0008168    methyltransferase activity    Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule.
    GO:0032403    protein complex binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
    GO:0016740    transferase activity    Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2.
    GO:0008270    zinc ion binding    Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions.
biological process
    GO:0006579    amino-acid betaine catabolic process    The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any betaine, the N-trimethyl derivative of an amino acid.
    GO:0009086    methionine biosynthetic process    The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid), a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.
    GO:0032259    methylation    The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule.
    GO:0006479    protein methylation    The addition of a methyl group to a protein amino acid. A methyl group is derived from methane by the removal of a hydrogen atom.
    GO:0010243    response to organonitrogen compound    Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organonitrogen stimulus. An organonitrogen compound is formally a compound containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond.
cellular component
    GO:0005737    cytoplasm    All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
    GO:0005829    cytosol    The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
    GO:0043234    protein complex    A stable macromolecular complex composed (only) of two or more polypeptide subunits along with any covalently attached molecules (such as lipid anchors or oligosaccharide) or non-protein prosthetic groups (such as nucleotides or metal ions). Prosthetic group in this context refers to a tightly bound cofactor. The component polypeptide subunits may be identical.

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